Caution with Catches excercise

.github/workflows/build.yml

@@ -25,6 +25,7 @@ jobs:
           php-version: ${{ matrix.php }}
           tools: composer:v2,pecl
           extensions: pdo_sqlite
+          ini-values: opcache.enable=0
 
       - name: Install Dependencies
         run: composer update

app/bootstrap.php

@@ -20,6 +20,7 @@
 }
 
 use PhpSchool\PHP8Appreciate\Exercise\AMatchMadeInHeaven;
+use PhpSchool\PHP8Appreciate\Exercise\CautionWithCatches;
 use PhpSchool\PHP8Appreciate\Exercise\HaveTheLastSay;
 use PhpSchool\PHP8Appreciate\Exercise\PhpPromotion;
 use PhpSchool\PhpWorkshop\Application;
@@ -29,6 +30,7 @@
 $app->addExercise(AMatchMadeInHeaven::class);
 $app->addExercise(HaveTheLastSay::class);
 $app->addExercise(PhpPromotion::class);
+$app->addExercise(CautionWithCatches::class);
 
 $art = <<<ART
         _ __ _

app/config.php

@@ -2,6 +2,7 @@
 
 use PhpSchool\PHP8Appreciate\AstService;
 use PhpSchool\PHP8Appreciate\Exercise\AMatchMadeInHeaven;
+use PhpSchool\PHP8Appreciate\Exercise\CautionWithCatches;
 use PhpSchool\PHP8Appreciate\Exercise\HaveTheLastSay;
 use PhpSchool\PHP8Appreciate\Exercise\PhpPromotion;
 use Psr\Container\ContainerInterface;
@@ -22,4 +23,7 @@
     PhpPromotion::class => function (ContainerInterface $c) {
         return new PhpPromotion($c->get(PhpParser\Parser::class));
     },
+    CautionWithCatches::class => function (ContainerInterface $c) {
+        return new CautionWithCatches($c->get(PhpParser\Parser::class), $c->get(\Faker\Generator::class));
+    },
 ];

exercises/caution-with-catches/problem/problem.md

@@ -0,0 +1,28 @@
+You're writing a login validation service for a password provided as a command line argument. In this service you have access to the function `verify_password`. 
+
+The signature of this function is as follows: 
+
+```php
+/**
+* @throws InvalidPasswordException When the password is invalid
+ */
+function verify_password(string $password): bool;
+```
+
+For this exercise this function will always throw an exception but unfortunately the exception message contains the password in plain text!
+
+To pass this exercise you will need to call the `verify_password` function with the password provided, handle the exception and output `"Given password is invalid, please try again`. 
+
+PHP 8 allows you to handle the exception without capturing the exception itself which will ensure this message is not leaked further.
+
+### The advantages of non capturing catches
+
+* No unused variables
+* A clear way to show you don't want to make use of the exception itself
+* Is compatible with Catching Multiple Exception Types / Union Types 
+
+----------------------------------------------------------------------
+## HINTS
+
+Documentation on the non-capturing catches feature is sparse without examples, so the RFC has the most amount of detail:
+[https://wiki.php.net/rfc/non-capturing_catches]()

exercises/caution-with-catches/solution/solution.php

@@ -0,0 +1,7 @@
+<?php
+
+try {
+    verify_password($argv[1]);
+} catch (InvalidPasswordException) {
+    echo 'Given password is invalid, please try again';
+}

phpstan.neon

@@ -3,7 +3,7 @@ parameters:
     ignoreErrors:
         - '#Cannot access property \$args on PhpParser\\Node\|null#'
         - '#Call to an undefined method PhpParser\\Node\\Expr\|PhpParser\\Node\\Name\:\:toString\(\)#'
-        - '#Parameter \#1 \$array of function array_flip expects array, array\<int, int\|string\>\|int\|string given\.#'
+        - '#Parameter \#1 \$array of function array_flip expects array<int\|string>, array<int, int\|string>\|int\|string given.#'
 
     excludes_analyse:
         - src/TestUtils/WorkshopExerciseTest.php

src/Exercise/CautionWithCatches.php

@@ -0,0 +1,90 @@
+<?php
+
+declare(strict_types=1);
+
+namespace PhpSchool\PHP8Appreciate\Exercise;
+
+use Faker\Generator;
+use PhpParser\Node\Stmt;
+use PhpParser\Node\Stmt\TryCatch;
+use PhpParser\NodeFinder;
+use PhpParser\Parser;
+use PhpSchool\PhpWorkshop\CodeInsertion;
+use PhpSchool\PhpWorkshop\Exercise\AbstractExercise;
+use PhpSchool\PhpWorkshop\Exercise\CliExercise;
+use PhpSchool\PhpWorkshop\Exercise\ExerciseInterface;
+use PhpSchool\PhpWorkshop\Exercise\ExerciseType;
+use PhpSchool\PhpWorkshop\Exercise\SubmissionPatchable;
+use PhpSchool\PhpWorkshop\ExerciseCheck\SelfCheck;
+use PhpSchool\PhpWorkshop\Input\Input;
+use PhpSchool\PhpWorkshop\Patch;
+use PhpSchool\PhpWorkshop\Result\Failure;
+use PhpSchool\PhpWorkshop\Result\ResultInterface;
+use PhpSchool\PhpWorkshop\Result\Success;
+
+class CautionWithCatches extends AbstractExercise implements
+    ExerciseInterface,
+    CliExercise,
+    SelfCheck,
+    SubmissionPatchable
+{
+    private string $password = '';
+
+    public function __construct(private Parser $parser, private Generator $faker)
+    {
+    }
+
+    public function getName(): string
+    {
+        return 'Caution with Catches';
+    }
+
+    public function getDescription(): string
+    {
+        return 'PHP 8\'s Non-capturing Catches';
+    }
+
+    public function getType(): ExerciseType
+    {
+        return ExerciseType::CLI();
+    }
+
+    public function getArgs(): array
+    {
+        $this->password = $this->faker->password();
+        return [[$this->password]];
+    }
+
+    public function check(Input $input): ResultInterface
+    {
+        /** @var array<Stmt> $statements */
+        $statements = $this->parser->parse((string) file_get_contents($input->getRequiredArgument('program')));
+
+        /** @var TryCatch|null $tryCatch */
+        $tryCatch = (new NodeFinder())->findFirstInstanceOf($statements, TryCatch::class);
+
+        if (null === $tryCatch) {
+            return Failure::fromNameAndReason($this->getName(), 'No try/catch statement was found');
+        }
+
+        if (count($tryCatch->catches) > 0 && $tryCatch->catches[0]->var !== null) {
+            return Failure::fromNameAndReason($this->getName(), 'Exception variable was captured');
+        }
+
+        return new Success($this->getName());
+    }
+
+    public function getPatch(): Patch
+    {
+        $code = <<<CODE
+        class InvalidPasswordException extends \RuntimeException {}
+        function verify_password(string \$password) {
+            throw new InvalidPasswordException(sprintf('The password "%s" is invalid', \$password));
+        }
+        CODE;
+
+        $passwordVerifyInsertion = new CodeInsertion(CodeInsertion::TYPE_BEFORE, $code);
+
+        return (new Patch())->withInsertion($passwordVerifyInsertion);
+    }
+}

test/Exercise/CautionWithCatchesTest.php

@@ -0,0 +1,49 @@
+<?php
+
+declare(strict_types=1);
+
+namespace PhpSchool\PHP8AppreciateTest\Exercise;
+
+use PhpSchool\PHP8Appreciate\Exercise\CautionWithCatches;
+use PhpSchool\PhpWorkshop\Application;
+use PhpSchool\PhpWorkshop\Result\Failure;
+use PhpSchool\PhpWorkshop\TestUtils\WorkshopExerciseTest;
+
+class CautionWithCatchesTest extends WorkshopExerciseTest
+{
+
+    public function getExerciseClass(): string
+    {
+        return CautionWithCatches::class;
+    }
+
+    public function getApplication(): Application
+    {
+        return require __DIR__ . '/../../app/bootstrap.php';
+    }
+
+    public function testFailureWhenNoTryCatch()
+    {
+        $this->runExercise('no-try-catch.php');
+
+        $this->assertVerifyWasNotSuccessful();
+
+        $this->assertResultsHasFailure(Failure::class, 'No try/catch statement was found');
+    }
+
+    public function testFailureWhenCapturingException()
+    {
+        $this->runExercise('captures-exception.php');
+
+        $this->assertVerifyWasNotSuccessful();
+
+        $this->assertResultsHasFailure(Failure::class, 'Exception variable was captured');
+    }
+
+    public function testSuccessfulSolution()
+    {
+        $this->runExercise('solution.php');
+
+        $this->assertVerifyWasSuccessful();
+    }
+}

test/solutions/caution-with-catches/captures-exception.php

@@ -0,0 +1,7 @@
+<?php
+
+try {
+    verify_password($argv[1]);
+} catch (InvalidPasswordException $e) {
+    echo $e->getMessage();
+}

test/solutions/caution-with-catches/no-try-catch.php

@@ -0,0 +1,5 @@
+<?php
+
+if (!verify_password($argv[1])) {
+    echo 'Given password is invalid, please try again';
+}

test/solutions/caution-with-catches/solution.php

@@ -0,0 +1,7 @@
+<?php
+
+try {
+    verify_password($argv[1]);
+} catch (InvalidPasswordException) {
+    echo 'Given password is invalid, please try again';
+}