diff --git a/pkg/ddl/partition.go b/pkg/ddl/partition.go
index 55ef0d59b624c..dfc090b14362a 100644
--- a/pkg/ddl/partition.go
+++ b/pkg/ddl/partition.go
@@ -3526,15 +3526,16 @@ func (w *reorgPartitionWorker) fetchRowColVals(txn kv.Transaction, taskRange reo
 				// Non-clustered table / not unique _tidb_rowid for the whole table
 				// Generate new _tidb_rowid if exists.
 				// Due to EXCHANGE PARTITION, the existing _tidb_rowid may collide between partitions!
-				stmtCtx := w.sessCtx.GetSessionVars().StmtCtx
-				if stmtCtx.BaseRowID >= stmtCtx.MaxRowID {
+				if reserved, ok := w.tblCtx.GetReservedRowIDAlloc(); ok && reserved.Exhausted() {
 					// TODO: Which autoid allocator to use?
 					ids := uint64(max(1, w.batchCnt-len(w.rowRecords)))
 					// Keep using the original table's allocator
-					stmtCtx.BaseRowID, stmtCtx.MaxRowID, err = tables.AllocHandleIDs(w.ctx, w.tblCtx, w.reorgedTbl, ids)
+					var baseRowID, maxRowID int64
+					baseRowID, maxRowID, err = tables.AllocHandleIDs(w.ctx, w.tblCtx, w.reorgedTbl, ids)
 					if err != nil {
 						return false, errors.Trace(err)
 					}
+					reserved.Reset(baseRowID, maxRowID)
 				}
 				recordID, err := tables.AllocHandle(w.ctx, w.tblCtx, w.reorgedTbl)
 				if err != nil {
diff --git a/pkg/sessionctx/stmtctx/stmtctx.go b/pkg/sessionctx/stmtctx/stmtctx.go
index 1bef849f15ced..ffff683a5fca4 100644
--- a/pkg/sessionctx/stmtctx/stmtctx.go
+++ b/pkg/sessionctx/stmtctx/stmtctx.go
@@ -105,6 +105,33 @@ func (rf *ReferenceCount) UnFreeze() {
 	atomic.StoreInt32((*int32)(rf), ReferenceCountNoReference)
 }
 
+// ReservedRowIDAlloc is used to reserve autoID for the auto_increment column.
+type ReservedRowIDAlloc struct {
+	base int64
+	max  int64
+}
+
+// Reset resets the base and max of reserved rowIDs.
+func (r *ReservedRowIDAlloc) Reset(base int64, max int64) {
+	r.base = base
+	r.max = max
+}
+
+// Consume consumes a reserved rowID.
+// If the second return value is false, it means the reserved rowID is exhausted.
+func (r *ReservedRowIDAlloc) Consume() (int64, bool) {
+	if r.base < r.max {
+		r.base++
+		return r.base, true
+	}
+	return 0, false
+}
+
+// Exhausted returns whether the reserved rowID is exhausted.
+func (r *ReservedRowIDAlloc) Exhausted() bool {
+	return r.base >= r.max
+}
+
 // StatementContext contains variables for a statement.
 // It should be reset before executing a statement.
 type StatementContext struct {
@@ -223,8 +250,8 @@ type StatementContext struct {
 	// InsertID is the given insert ID of an auto_increment column.
 	InsertID uint64
 
-	BaseRowID int64
-	MaxRowID  int64
+	// ReservedRowIDAlloc is used to alloc auto ID from the reserved IDs.
+	ReservedRowIDAlloc ReservedRowIDAlloc
 
 	// Copied from SessionVars.TimeZone.
 	Priority     mysql.PriorityEnum
@@ -972,8 +999,7 @@ func (sc *StatementContext) resetMuForRetry() {
 // ResetForRetry resets the changed states during execution.
 func (sc *StatementContext) ResetForRetry() {
 	sc.resetMuForRetry()
-	sc.MaxRowID = 0
-	sc.BaseRowID = 0
+	sc.ReservedRowIDAlloc.Reset(0, 0)
 	sc.TableIDs = sc.TableIDs[:0]
 	sc.IndexNames = sc.IndexNames[:0]
 	sc.TaskID = AllocateTaskID()
diff --git a/pkg/sessionctx/stmtctx/stmtctx_test.go b/pkg/sessionctx/stmtctx/stmtctx_test.go
index 6238e37a52756..7809bbfb6386f 100644
--- a/pkg/sessionctx/stmtctx/stmtctx_test.go
+++ b/pkg/sessionctx/stmtctx/stmtctx_test.go
@@ -464,6 +464,32 @@ func TestErrCtx(t *testing.T) {
 	require.Equal(t, errctx.NewContextWithLevels(levels, sc), sc.ErrCtx())
 }
 
+func TestReservedRowIDAlloc(t *testing.T) {
+	var reserved stmtctx.ReservedRowIDAlloc
+	// no reserved by default
+	require.True(t, reserved.Exhausted())
+	id, ok := reserved.Consume()
+	require.False(t, ok)
+	require.Equal(t, int64(0), id)
+	// reset some ids
+	reserved.Reset(12, 15)
+	require.False(t, reserved.Exhausted())
+	id, ok = reserved.Consume()
+	require.True(t, ok)
+	require.Equal(t, int64(13), id)
+	id, ok = reserved.Consume()
+	require.True(t, ok)
+	require.Equal(t, int64(14), id)
+	id, ok = reserved.Consume()
+	require.True(t, ok)
+	require.Equal(t, int64(15), id)
+	// exhausted
+	require.True(t, reserved.Exhausted())
+	id, ok = reserved.Consume()
+	require.False(t, ok)
+	require.Equal(t, int64(0), id)
+}
+
 func BenchmarkErrCtx(b *testing.B) {
 	sc := stmtctx.NewStmtCtx()
 
diff --git a/pkg/sessionctx/variable/session.go b/pkg/sessionctx/variable/session.go
index d51e46be1fcd2..f0134cbd44ab8 100644
--- a/pkg/sessionctx/variable/session.go
+++ b/pkg/sessionctx/variable/session.go
@@ -204,9 +204,7 @@ type TxnCtxNoNeedToRestore struct {
 	StaleReadTs uint64
 
 	// ShardStep indicates the max size of continuous rowid shard in one transaction.
-	ShardStep    int
-	shardRemain  int
-	currentShard int64
+	RowIDShardGenerator RowIDShardGenerator
 
 	// unchangedKeys is used to store the unchanged keys that needs to lock for pessimistic transaction.
 	unchangedKeys map[string]struct{}
@@ -269,24 +267,68 @@ type SavepointRecord struct {
 	TxnCtxSavepoint TxnCtxNeedToRestore
 }
 
+// RowIDShardGenerator is used to generate shard for row id.
+type RowIDShardGenerator struct {
+	// shardRand is used for generated rand shard
+	shardSeed int64
+	shardRand *rand.Rand
+	// shardStep indicates the max size of continuous rowid shard in one transaction.
+	shardStep    int
+	shardRemain  int
+	currentShard int64
+}
+
+// SetShardStep sets the step of shard
+func (s *RowIDShardGenerator) SetShardStep(step int) {
+	s.shardStep = step
+}
+
+// GetShardStep returns the shard step
+func (s *RowIDShardGenerator) GetShardStep() int {
+	if s.shardStep <= 0 {
+		return DefTiDBShardAllocateStep
+	}
+	return s.shardStep
+}
+
+// SetShardSeed sets the rand seed to generate shard
+func (s *RowIDShardGenerator) SetShardSeed(seed int64) {
+	s.shardSeed = seed
+	s.shardRand = nil
+}
+
+// GetShardSeed returns the seed to generate shard
+func (s *RowIDShardGenerator) GetShardSeed() int64 {
+	return s.shardSeed
+}
+
 // GetCurrentShard returns the shard for the next `count` IDs.
-func (s *SessionVars) GetCurrentShard(count int) int64 {
-	tc := s.TxnCtx
+func (s *RowIDShardGenerator) GetCurrentShard(count int) int64 {
 	if s.shardRand == nil {
-		s.shardRand = rand.New(rand.NewSource(int64(tc.StartTS))) // #nosec G404
+		seed := s.shardSeed
+		if seed == 0 {
+			seed = time.Now().UnixNano()
+		}
+		s.shardRand = rand.New(rand.NewSource(seed)) // #nosec G404
 	}
-	if tc.shardRemain <= 0 {
-		tc.updateShard(s.shardRand)
-		tc.shardRemain = tc.ShardStep
+	if s.shardRemain <= 0 {
+		s.updateShard(s.shardRand)
+		s.shardRemain = s.GetShardStep()
 	}
-	tc.shardRemain -= count
-	return tc.currentShard
+	s.shardRemain -= count
+	return s.currentShard
 }
 
-func (tc *TransactionContext) updateShard(shardRand *rand.Rand) {
+func (s *RowIDShardGenerator) updateShard(shardRand *rand.Rand) {
 	var buf [8]byte
 	binary.LittleEndian.PutUint64(buf[:], shardRand.Uint64())
-	tc.currentShard = int64(murmur3.Sum32(buf[:]))
+	s.currentShard = int64(murmur3.Sum32(buf[:]))
+}
+
+// GetCurrentShard returns the shard for the next `count` IDs.
+func (s *SessionVars) GetCurrentShard(count int) int64 {
+	txnCtx := s.TxnCtx
+	return txnCtx.RowIDShardGenerator.GetCurrentShard(count)
 }
 
 // AddUnchangedKeyForLock adds an unchanged key for pessimistic lock.
@@ -1514,9 +1556,6 @@ type SessionVars struct {
 	// StoreBatchSize indicates the batch size limit of store batch, set this field to 0 to disable store batch.
 	StoreBatchSize int
 
-	// shardRand is used by TxnCtx, for the GetCurrentShard() method.
-	shardRand *rand.Rand
-
 	// Resource group name
 	// NOTE: all statement relate operation should use StmtCtx.ResourceGroupName instead.
 	// NOTE: please don't change it directly. Use `SetResourceGroupName`, because it'll need to inc/dec the metrics
diff --git a/pkg/sessionctx/variable/session_test.go b/pkg/sessionctx/variable/session_test.go
index 8bb032612e0a8..3d7600b4f8e10 100644
--- a/pkg/sessionctx/variable/session_test.go
+++ b/pkg/sessionctx/variable/session_test.go
@@ -602,3 +602,28 @@ func TestMapDeltaCols(t *testing.T) {
 		}
 	}
 }
+
+func TestRowIDShardGenerator(t *testing.T) {
+	var g variable.RowIDShardGenerator
+	// default settings
+	require.Equal(t, variable.DefTiDBShardAllocateStep, g.GetShardStep())
+	require.Equal(t, int64(0), g.GetShardSeed())
+	shard := g.GetCurrentShard(variable.DefTiDBShardAllocateStep - 1)
+	require.Equal(t, shard, g.GetCurrentShard(1))
+	// reset state
+	g.SetShardStep(5)
+	require.Equal(t, 5, g.GetShardStep())
+	g.SetShardSeed(12345)
+	require.Equal(t, int64(12345), g.GetShardSeed())
+	// generate shard in step
+	shard = g.GetCurrentShard(1)
+	require.Equal(t, int64(3535546008), shard)
+	require.Equal(t, shard, g.GetCurrentShard(1))
+	require.Equal(t, shard, g.GetCurrentShard(1))
+	require.Equal(t, shard, g.GetCurrentShard(2))
+	// generate shard in next step
+	shard = g.GetCurrentShard(5)
+	require.Equal(t, int64(1371624976), shard)
+	// shard should be different in each step
+	require.NotEqual(t, shard, g.GetCurrentShard(1))
+}
diff --git a/pkg/sessiontxn/isolation/base.go b/pkg/sessiontxn/isolation/base.go
index 6f5a516d2754e..b30a17af9075a 100644
--- a/pkg/sessiontxn/isolation/base.go
+++ b/pkg/sessiontxn/isolation/base.go
@@ -120,10 +120,10 @@ func (p *baseTxnContextProvider) OnInitialize(ctx context.Context, tp sessiontxn
 		TxnCtxNoNeedToRestore: variable.TxnCtxNoNeedToRestore{
 			CreateTime: time.Now(),
 			InfoSchema: p.infoSchema,
-			ShardStep:  int(sessVars.ShardAllocateStep),
 			TxnScope:   sessVars.CheckAndGetTxnScope(),
 		},
 	}
+	txnCtx.RowIDShardGenerator.SetShardStep(int(sessVars.ShardAllocateStep))
 	if p.onInitializeTxnCtx != nil {
 		p.onInitializeTxnCtx(txnCtx)
 	}
@@ -294,7 +294,9 @@ func (p *baseTxnContextProvider) ActivateTxn() (kv.Transaction, error) {
 
 	sessVars := p.sctx.GetSessionVars()
 	sessVars.TxnCtxMu.Lock()
-	sessVars.TxnCtx.StartTS = txn.StartTS()
+	startTS := txn.StartTS()
+	sessVars.TxnCtx.StartTS = startTS
+	sessVars.TxnCtx.RowIDShardGenerator.SetShardSeed(int64(startTS))
 	sessVars.TxnCtxMu.Unlock()
 	if sessVars.MemDBFootprint != nil {
 		sessVars.MemDBFootprint.Detach()
diff --git a/pkg/sessiontxn/isolation/main_test.go b/pkg/sessiontxn/isolation/main_test.go
index 1c14db4138442..5bbb175c40e4e 100644
--- a/pkg/sessiontxn/isolation/main_test.go
+++ b/pkg/sessiontxn/isolation/main_test.go
@@ -81,7 +81,7 @@ func (a *txnAssert[T]) Check(t testing.TB) {
 	require.Equal(t, a.isolation, txnCtx.Isolation)
 	require.Equal(t, a.isolation != "", txnCtx.IsPessimistic)
 	require.Equal(t, sessVars.CheckAndGetTxnScope(), txnCtx.TxnScope)
-	require.Equal(t, sessVars.ShardAllocateStep, int64(txnCtx.ShardStep))
+	require.Equal(t, sessVars.ShardAllocateStep, int64(txnCtx.RowIDShardGenerator.GetShardStep()))
 	require.False(t, txnCtx.IsStaleness)
 	require.GreaterOrEqual(t, txnCtx.CreateTime.UnixNano(), a.minStartTime.UnixNano())
 	require.Equal(t, a.inTxn, sessVars.InTxn())
diff --git a/pkg/sessiontxn/staleread/provider.go b/pkg/sessiontxn/staleread/provider.go
index 44679990685b0..7da1c68a4b4a1 100644
--- a/pkg/sessiontxn/staleread/provider.go
+++ b/pkg/sessiontxn/staleread/provider.go
@@ -120,11 +120,11 @@ func (p *StalenessTxnContextProvider) activateStaleTxn() error {
 			InfoSchema:  is,
 			CreateTime:  time.Now(),
 			StartTS:     txn.StartTS(),
-			ShardStep:   int(sessVars.ShardAllocateStep),
 			IsStaleness: true,
 			TxnScope:    txnScope,
 		},
 	}
+	sessVars.TxnCtx.RowIDShardGenerator.SetShardStep(int(sessVars.ShardAllocateStep))
 	sessVars.TxnCtxMu.Unlock()
 
 	if interceptor := temptable.SessionSnapshotInterceptor(p.sctx, is); interceptor != nil {
diff --git a/pkg/table/context/table.go b/pkg/table/context/table.go
index 2d6c32da8cce9..9919faac36795 100644
--- a/pkg/table/context/table.go
+++ b/pkg/table/context/table.go
@@ -19,6 +19,7 @@ import (
 	infoschema "github.com/pingcap/tidb/pkg/infoschema/context"
 	"github.com/pingcap/tidb/pkg/kv"
 	"github.com/pingcap/tidb/pkg/parser/model"
+	"github.com/pingcap/tidb/pkg/sessionctx/stmtctx"
 	"github.com/pingcap/tidb/pkg/sessionctx/variable"
 	"github.com/pingcap/tidb/pkg/util/rowcodec"
 	"github.com/pingcap/tidb/pkg/util/tableutil"
@@ -71,6 +72,10 @@ type MutateContext interface {
 	// which is a buffer for table related structures that aims to reuse memory and
 	// saves allocation.
 	GetMutateBuffers() *MutateBuffers
+	// GetRowIDShardGenerator returns the `RowIDShardGenerator` object to shard rows.
+	GetRowIDShardGenerator() *variable.RowIDShardGenerator
+	// GetReservedRowIDAlloc returns the `ReservedRowIDAlloc` object to allocate row id from reservation.
+	GetReservedRowIDAlloc() (*stmtctx.ReservedRowIDAlloc, bool)
 }
 
 // AllocatorContext is used to provide context for method `table.Allocators`.
diff --git a/pkg/table/contextimpl/table.go b/pkg/table/contextimpl/table.go
index e80eb92ecc54b..3ec932e96cfd9 100644
--- a/pkg/table/contextimpl/table.go
+++ b/pkg/table/contextimpl/table.go
@@ -18,8 +18,10 @@ import (
 	exprctx "github.com/pingcap/tidb/pkg/expression/context"
 	"github.com/pingcap/tidb/pkg/parser/model"
 	"github.com/pingcap/tidb/pkg/sessionctx"
+	"github.com/pingcap/tidb/pkg/sessionctx/stmtctx"
 	"github.com/pingcap/tidb/pkg/sessionctx/variable"
 	"github.com/pingcap/tidb/pkg/table/context"
+	"github.com/pingcap/tidb/pkg/util/intest"
 	"github.com/pingcap/tidb/pkg/util/tableutil"
 	"github.com/pingcap/tipb/go-binlog"
 )
@@ -99,6 +101,24 @@ func (ctx *TableContextImpl) GetMutateBuffers() *context.MutateBuffers {
 	return ctx.mutateBuffers
 }
 
+// GetRowIDShardGenerator implements the MutateContext interface.
+func (ctx *TableContextImpl) GetRowIDShardGenerator() *variable.RowIDShardGenerator {
+	return &ctx.vars().TxnCtx.RowIDShardGenerator
+}
+
+// GetReservedRowIDAlloc implements the MutateContext interface.
+func (ctx *TableContextImpl) GetReservedRowIDAlloc() (*stmtctx.ReservedRowIDAlloc, bool) {
+	if sc := ctx.vars().StmtCtx; sc != nil {
+		return &sc.ReservedRowIDAlloc, true
+	}
+	// `StmtCtx` should not be nil in the `variable.SessionVars`.
+	// We just put an assertion that will panic only if in test here.
+	// In production code, here returns (nil, false) to make code safe
+	// because some old code checks `StmtCtx != nil` but we don't know why.
+	intest.Assert(false, "SessionVars.StmtCtx should not be nil")
+	return nil, false
+}
+
 func (ctx *TableContextImpl) vars() *variable.SessionVars {
 	return ctx.Context.GetSessionVars()
 }
diff --git a/pkg/table/contextimpl/table_test.go b/pkg/table/contextimpl/table_test.go
index dda098578985a..4ebe53bcfd674 100644
--- a/pkg/table/contextimpl/table_test.go
+++ b/pkg/table/contextimpl/table_test.go
@@ -82,4 +82,10 @@ func TestMutateContextImplFields(t *testing.T) {
 	require.Equal(t, sctx.GetSessionVars().IsRowLevelChecksumEnabled(), cfg.IsRowLevelChecksumEnabled)
 	// mutate buffers
 	require.NotNil(t, ctx.GetMutateBuffers())
+	// RowIDShardGenerator
+	require.Same(t, &sctx.GetSessionVars().TxnCtx.RowIDShardGenerator, ctx.GetRowIDShardGenerator())
+	// ReservedRowIDAlloc
+	reserved, ok := ctx.GetReservedRowIDAlloc()
+	require.True(t, ok)
+	require.Same(t, &sctx.GetSessionVars().StmtCtx.ReservedRowIDAlloc, reserved)
 }
diff --git a/pkg/table/tables/tables.go b/pkg/table/tables/tables.go
index 88445d3df8aeb..a0f51d1f328b7 100644
--- a/pkg/table/tables/tables.go
+++ b/pkg/table/tables/tables.go
@@ -838,11 +838,12 @@ func (t *TableCommon) AddRecord(sctx table.MutateContext, r []types.Datum, opts
 			// The reserved ID could be used in the future within this statement, by the
 			// following AddRecord() operation.
 			// Make the IDs continuous benefit for the performance of TiKV.
-			sessVars := sctx.GetSessionVars()
-			stmtCtx := sessVars.StmtCtx
-			stmtCtx.BaseRowID, stmtCtx.MaxRowID, err = AllocHandleIDs(ctx, sctx, t, uint64(opt.ReserveAutoID))
-			if err != nil {
-				return nil, err
+			if reserved, ok := sctx.GetReservedRowIDAlloc(); ok {
+				var baseRowID, maxRowID int64
+				if baseRowID, maxRowID, err = AllocHandleIDs(ctx, sctx, t, uint64(opt.ReserveAutoID)); err != nil {
+					return nil, err
+				}
+				reserved.Reset(baseRowID, maxRowID)
 			}
 		}
 
@@ -1604,11 +1605,10 @@ func GetColDefaultValue(ctx exprctx.BuildContext, col *table.Column, defaultVals
 func AllocHandle(ctx context.Context, mctx table.MutateContext, t table.Table) (kv.IntHandle,
 	error) {
 	if mctx != nil {
-		if stmtCtx := mctx.GetSessionVars().StmtCtx; stmtCtx != nil {
+		if reserved, ok := mctx.GetReservedRowIDAlloc(); ok {
 			// First try to alloc if the statement has reserved auto ID.
-			if stmtCtx.BaseRowID < stmtCtx.MaxRowID {
-				stmtCtx.BaseRowID++
-				return kv.IntHandle(stmtCtx.BaseRowID), nil
+			if rowID, ok := reserved.Consume(); ok {
+				return kv.IntHandle(rowID), nil
 			}
 		}
 	}
@@ -1638,7 +1638,7 @@ func AllocHandleIDs(ctx context.Context, mctx table.MutateContext, t table.Table
 			// shard = 0010000000000000000000000000000000000000000000000000000000000000
 			return 0, 0, autoid.ErrAutoincReadFailed
 		}
-		shard := mctx.GetSessionVars().GetCurrentShard(int(n))
+		shard := mctx.GetRowIDShardGenerator().GetCurrentShard(int(n))
 		base = shardFmt.Compose(shard, base)
 		maxID = shardFmt.Compose(shard, maxID)
 	}