diff --git a/executor/set_test.go b/executor/set_test.go
index 5d90923995f0c..b55ed2328af74 100644
--- a/executor/set_test.go
+++ b/executor/set_test.go
@@ -518,16 +518,21 @@ func (s *testSerialSuite1) TestSetVar(c *C) {
 	tk.MustExec("SET GLOBAL tidb_enable_extended_stats = off")
 	tk.MustQuery("select @@global.tidb_enable_extended_stats").Check(testkit.Rows("0"))
 
-	tk.MustExec("SET SESSION tidb_enable_tiflash_fallback_tikv = on")
-	tk.MustQuery("select @@session.tidb_enable_tiflash_fallback_tikv").Check(testkit.Rows("1"))
-	tk.MustExec("SET SESSION tidb_enable_tiflash_fallback_tikv = off")
-	tk.MustQuery("select @@session.tidb_enable_tiflash_fallback_tikv").Check(testkit.Rows("0"))
-	tk.MustExec("SET GLOBAL tidb_enable_tiflash_fallback_tikv = on")
-	tk.MustQuery("select @@global.tidb_enable_tiflash_fallback_tikv").Check(testkit.Rows("1"))
-	tk.MustExec("SET GLOBAL tidb_enable_tiflash_fallback_tikv = off")
-	tk.MustQuery("select @@global.tidb_enable_tiflash_fallback_tikv").Check(testkit.Rows("0"))
-	c.Assert(tk.ExecToErr("SET SESSION tidb_enable_tiflash_fallback_tikv = 123"), NotNil)
-	c.Assert(tk.ExecToErr("SET GLOBAL tidb_enable_tiflash_fallback_tikv = 321"), NotNil)
+	tk.MustExec("SET SESSION tidb_allow_fallback_to_tikv = 'tiflash'")
+	tk.MustQuery("select @@session.tidb_allow_fallback_to_tikv").Check(testkit.Rows("tiflash"))
+	tk.MustExec("SET SESSION tidb_allow_fallback_to_tikv = ''")
+	tk.MustQuery("select @@session.tidb_allow_fallback_to_tikv").Check(testkit.Rows(""))
+	tk.MustExec("SET GLOBAL tidb_allow_fallback_to_tikv = 'tiflash'")
+	tk.MustQuery("select @@global.tidb_allow_fallback_to_tikv").Check(testkit.Rows("tiflash"))
+	tk.MustExec("SET GLOBAL tidb_allow_fallback_to_tikv = ''")
+	tk.MustQuery("select @@global.tidb_allow_fallback_to_tikv").Check(testkit.Rows(""))
+	tk.MustExec("set @@tidb_allow_fallback_to_tikv = 'tiflash, tiflash, tiflash'")
+	tk.MustQuery("select @@tidb_allow_fallback_to_tikv").Check(testkit.Rows("tiflash"))
+
+	tk.MustGetErrMsg("SET SESSION tidb_allow_fallback_to_tikv = 'tikv,tiflash'", "[variable:1231]Variable 'tidb_allow_fallback_to_tikv' can't be set to the value of 'tikv,tiflash'")
+	tk.MustGetErrMsg("SET GLOBAL tidb_allow_fallback_to_tikv = 'tikv,tiflash'", "[variable:1231]Variable 'tidb_allow_fallback_to_tikv' can't be set to the value of 'tikv,tiflash'")
+	tk.MustGetErrMsg("set @@tidb_allow_fallback_to_tikv = 'tidb, tiflash, tiflash'", "[variable:1231]Variable 'tidb_allow_fallback_to_tikv' can't be set to the value of 'tidb, tiflash, tiflash'")
+	tk.MustGetErrMsg("set @@tidb_allow_fallback_to_tikv = 'unknown, tiflash, tiflash'", "[variable:1231]Variable 'tidb_allow_fallback_to_tikv' can't be set to the value of 'unknown, tiflash, tiflash'")
 
 	// Test issue #22145
 	tk.MustExec(`set global sync_relay_log = "'"`)
diff --git a/server/conn.go b/server/conn.go
index 04e099b875c96..b95f77cc06503 100644
--- a/server/conn.go
+++ b/server/conn.go
@@ -1495,7 +1495,8 @@ func (cc *clientConn) handleQuery(ctx context.Context, sql string) (err error) {
 		}
 		retryable, err = cc.handleStmt(ctx, stmt, parserWarns, i == len(stmts)-1)
 		if err != nil {
-			if cc.ctx.GetSessionVars().EnableTiFlashFallbackTiKV && errors.ErrorEqual(err, tikv.ErrTiFlashServerTimeout) && retryable {
+			_, allowTiFlashFallback := cc.ctx.GetSessionVars().AllowFallbackToTiKV[kv.TiFlash]
+			if allowTiFlashFallback && errors.ErrorEqual(err, tikv.ErrTiFlashServerTimeout) && retryable {
 				// When the TiFlash server seems down, we append a warning to remind the user to check the status of the TiFlash
 				// server and fallback to TiKV.
 				warns := append(parserWarns, stmtctx.SQLWarn{Level: stmtctx.WarnLevelError, Err: err})
@@ -1614,7 +1615,7 @@ func (cc *clientConn) prefetchPointPlanKeys(ctx context.Context, stmts []ast.Stm
 	return pointPlans, nil
 }
 
-// The first return value indicates whether the call of handleStmt has no side effect and can be retried to correct error.
+// The first return value indicates whether the call of handleStmt has no side effect and can be retried.
 // Currently the first return value is used to fallback to TiKV when TiFlash is down.
 func (cc *clientConn) handleStmt(ctx context.Context, stmt ast.StmtNode, warns []stmtctx.SQLWarn, lastStmt bool) (bool, error) {
 	ctx = context.WithValue(ctx, execdetails.StmtExecDetailKey, &execdetails.StmtExecDetails{})
@@ -1792,9 +1793,14 @@ func (cc *clientConn) writeChunks(ctx context.Context, rs ResultSet, binary bool
 	}
 
 	for {
-		failpoint.Inject("secondNextErr", func(value failpoint.Value) {
-			if value.(bool) && !firstNext {
+		failpoint.Inject("fetchNextErr", func(value failpoint.Value) {
+			switch value.(string) {
+			case "firstNext":
 				failpoint.Return(firstNext, tikv.ErrTiFlashServerTimeout)
+			case "secondNext":
+				if !firstNext {
+					failpoint.Return(firstNext, tikv.ErrTiFlashServerTimeout)
+				}
 			}
 		})
 		// Here server.tidbResultSet implements Next method.
diff --git a/server/conn_stmt.go b/server/conn_stmt.go
index 762a5be52cf39..de2d3a074e1cd 100644
--- a/server/conn_stmt.go
+++ b/server/conn_stmt.go
@@ -195,7 +195,8 @@ func (cc *clientConn) handleStmtExecute(ctx context.Context, data []byte) (err e
 	}
 	ctx = context.WithValue(ctx, execdetails.StmtExecDetailKey, &execdetails.StmtExecDetails{})
 	retryable, err := cc.executePreparedStmtAndWriteResult(ctx, stmt, args, useCursor)
-	if cc.ctx.GetSessionVars().EnableTiFlashFallbackTiKV && err != nil && errors.ErrorEqual(err, tikv.ErrTiFlashServerTimeout) && retryable {
+	_, allowTiFlashFallback := cc.ctx.GetSessionVars().AllowFallbackToTiKV[kv.TiFlash]
+	if allowTiFlashFallback && err != nil && errors.ErrorEqual(err, tikv.ErrTiFlashServerTimeout) && retryable {
 		// When the TiFlash server seems down, we append a warning to remind the user to check the status of the TiFlash
 		// server and fallback to TiKV.
 		prevErr := err
@@ -210,8 +211,8 @@ func (cc *clientConn) handleStmtExecute(ctx context.Context, data []byte) (err e
 	return err
 }
 
-// The first return value indicates whether the call of executePreparedStmtAndWriteResult has no side effect and can be retried
-// to correct error. Currently the first return value is used to fallback to TiKV when TiFlash is down.
+// The first return value indicates whether the call of executePreparedStmtAndWriteResult has no side effect and can be retried.
+// Currently the first return value is used to fallback to TiKV when TiFlash is down.
 func (cc *clientConn) executePreparedStmtAndWriteResult(ctx context.Context, stmt PreparedStatement, args []types.Datum, useCursor bool) (bool, error) {
 	rs, err := stmt.Execute(ctx, args)
 	if err != nil {
diff --git a/server/conn_test.go b/server/conn_test.go
index 2aab4e0d3733e..6add06c0369a8 100644
--- a/server/conn_test.go
+++ b/server/conn_test.go
@@ -761,22 +761,28 @@ func (ts *ConnTestSuite) TestTiFlashFallback(c *C) {
 	c.Assert(failpoint.Enable("github.com/pingcap/tidb/store/mockstore/unistore/BatchCopRpcErrtiflash0", "return(\"tiflash0\")"), IsNil)
 	// test COM_STMT_EXECUTE
 	ctx := context.Background()
-	tk.MustExec("set @@tidb_enable_tiflash_fallback_tikv=1")
+	tk.MustExec("set @@tidb_allow_fallback_to_tikv='tiflash'")
 	c.Assert(cc.handleStmtPrepare(ctx, "select sum(a) from t"), IsNil)
 	c.Assert(cc.handleStmtExecute(ctx, []byte{0x1, 0x0, 0x0, 0x0, 0x0, 0x1, 0x0, 0x0, 0x0}), IsNil)
 	tk.MustQuery("show warnings").Check(testkit.Rows("Error 9012 TiFlash server timeout"))
 	// test COM_STMT_FETCH (cursor mode)
 	c.Assert(cc.handleStmtExecute(ctx, []byte{0x1, 0x0, 0x0, 0x0, 0x1, 0x1, 0x0, 0x0, 0x0}), IsNil)
 	c.Assert(cc.handleStmtFetch(ctx, []byte{0x1, 0x0, 0x0, 0x0, 0x1, 0x0, 0x0, 0x0}), NotNil)
-	tk.MustExec("set @@tidb_enable_tiflash_fallback_tikv=0")
+	tk.MustExec("set @@tidb_allow_fallback_to_tikv=''")
 	c.Assert(cc.handleStmtExecute(ctx, []byte{0x1, 0x0, 0x0, 0x0, 0x0, 0x1, 0x0, 0x0, 0x0}), NotNil)
 	c.Assert(failpoint.Disable("github.com/pingcap/tidb/store/mockstore/unistore/BatchCopRpcErrtiflash0"), IsNil)
 
+	c.Assert(failpoint.Enable("github.com/pingcap/tidb/server/fetchNextErr", "return(\"firstNext\")"), IsNil)
+	// test COM_STMT_EXECUTE (cursor mode)
+	tk.MustExec("set @@tidb_allow_fallback_to_tikv='tiflash'")
+	c.Assert(cc.handleStmtExecute(ctx, []byte{0x1, 0x0, 0x0, 0x0, 0x1, 0x1, 0x0, 0x0, 0x0}), IsNil)
+	c.Assert(failpoint.Disable("github.com/pingcap/tidb/server/fetchNextErr"), IsNil)
+
 	// test that TiDB would not retry if the first execution already sends data to client
-	c.Assert(failpoint.Enable("github.com/pingcap/tidb/server/secondNextErr", "return(true)"), IsNil)
-	tk.MustExec("set @@tidb_enable_tiflash_fallback_tikv=1")
+	c.Assert(failpoint.Enable("github.com/pingcap/tidb/server/fetchNextErr", "return(\"secondNext\")"), IsNil)
+	tk.MustExec("set @@tidb_allow_fallback_to_tikv='tiflash'")
 	c.Assert(cc.handleQuery(ctx, "select * from t t1 join t t2 on t1.a = t2.a"), NotNil)
-	c.Assert(failpoint.Disable("github.com/pingcap/tidb/server/secondNextErr"), IsNil)
+	c.Assert(failpoint.Disable("github.com/pingcap/tidb/server/fetchNextErr"), IsNil)
 
 	// simple TiFlash query (unary + non-streaming)
 	tk.MustExec("set @@tidb_allow_batch_cop=0; set @@tidb_allow_mpp=0;")
@@ -809,9 +815,9 @@ func (ts *ConnTestSuite) TestTiFlashFallback(c *C) {
 
 func testFallbackWork(c *C, tk *testkit.TestKit, cc *clientConn, sql string) {
 	ctx := context.Background()
-	tk.MustExec("set @@tidb_enable_tiflash_fallback_tikv=0")
+	tk.MustExec("set @@tidb_allow_fallback_to_tikv=''")
 	c.Assert(tk.QueryToErr(sql), NotNil)
-	tk.MustExec("set @@tidb_enable_tiflash_fallback_tikv=1")
+	tk.MustExec("set @@tidb_allow_fallback_to_tikv='tiflash'")
 
 	c.Assert(cc.handleQuery(ctx, sql), IsNil)
 	tk.MustQuery("show warnings").Check(testkit.Rows("Error 9012 TiFlash server timeout"))
diff --git a/session/session.go b/session/session.go
index 365d06ed47dc2..becca9333974d 100644
--- a/session/session.go
+++ b/session/session.go
@@ -2496,7 +2496,7 @@ var builtinGlobalVariable = []string{
 	variable.TiDBTrackAggregateMemoryUsage,
 	variable.TiDBMultiStatementMode,
 	variable.TiDBEnableExchangePartition,
-	variable.TiDBEnableTiFlashFallbackTiKV,
+	variable.TiDBAllowFallbackToTiKV,
 }
 
 // loadCommonGlobalVariablesIfNeeded loads and applies commonly used global variables for the session.
diff --git a/sessionctx/variable/session.go b/sessionctx/variable/session.go
index 9b96ce9979c14..1f939a607ac63 100644
--- a/sessionctx/variable/session.go
+++ b/sessionctx/variable/session.go
@@ -815,8 +815,9 @@ type SessionVars struct {
 	// TiDBEnableExchangePartition indicates whether to enable exchange partition
 	TiDBEnableExchangePartition bool
 
-	// EnableTiFlashFallbackTiKV indicates whether to fallback to TiKV when TiFlash is unavailable.
-	EnableTiFlashFallbackTiKV bool
+	// AllowFallbackToTiKV indicates the engine types whose unavailability triggers fallback to TiKV.
+	// Now we only support TiFlash.
+	AllowFallbackToTiKV map[kv.StoreType]struct{}
 }
 
 // CheckAndGetTxnScope will return the transaction scope we should use in the current session.
@@ -997,7 +998,7 @@ func NewSessionVars() *SessionVars {
 		GuaranteeLinearizability:    DefTiDBGuaranteeLinearizability,
 		AnalyzeVersion:              DefTiDBAnalyzeVersion,
 		EnableIndexMergeJoin:        DefTiDBEnableIndexMergeJoin,
-		EnableTiFlashFallbackTiKV:   DefTiDBEnableTiFlashFallbackTiKV,
+		AllowFallbackToTiKV:         make(map[kv.StoreType]struct{}),
 	}
 	vars.KVVars = kv.NewVariables(&vars.Killed)
 	vars.Concurrency = Concurrency{
@@ -1749,8 +1750,14 @@ func (s *SessionVars) SetSystemVar(name string, val string) error {
 		s.MultiStatementMode = TiDBOptMultiStmt(val)
 	case TiDBEnableExchangePartition:
 		s.TiDBEnableExchangePartition = TiDBOptOn(val)
-	case TiDBEnableTiFlashFallbackTiKV:
-		s.EnableTiFlashFallbackTiKV = TiDBOptOn(val)
+	case TiDBAllowFallbackToTiKV:
+		s.AllowFallbackToTiKV = make(map[kv.StoreType]struct{})
+		for _, engine := range strings.Split(val, ",") {
+			switch engine {
+			case kv.TiFlash.Name():
+				s.AllowFallbackToTiKV[kv.TiFlash] = struct{}{}
+			}
+		}
 	}
 	s.systems[name] = val
 	return nil
diff --git a/sessionctx/variable/sysvar.go b/sessionctx/variable/sysvar.go
index efced6ec1bd62..c8aae167e6b34 100644
--- a/sessionctx/variable/sysvar.go
+++ b/sessionctx/variable/sysvar.go
@@ -670,7 +670,30 @@ var defaultSysVars = []*SysVar{
 	{Scope: ScopeGlobal | ScopeSession, Name: TiDBEnableFastAnalyze, Value: BoolToOnOff(DefTiDBUseFastAnalyze), Type: TypeBool},
 	{Scope: ScopeGlobal | ScopeSession, Name: TiDBSkipIsolationLevelCheck, Value: BoolToOnOff(DefTiDBSkipIsolationLevelCheck), Type: TypeBool},
 	{Scope: ScopeGlobal | ScopeSession, Name: TiDBEnableRateLimitAction, Value: BoolToOnOff(DefTiDBEnableRateLimitAction), Type: TypeBool},
-	{Scope: ScopeGlobal | ScopeSession, Name: TiDBEnableTiFlashFallbackTiKV, Value: BoolToOnOff(DefTiDBEnableTiFlashFallbackTiKV), Type: TypeBool},
+	{Scope: ScopeGlobal | ScopeSession, Name: TiDBAllowFallbackToTiKV, Value: "", Validation: func(vars *SessionVars, normalizedValue string, originalValue string, scope ScopeFlag) (string, error) {
+		if normalizedValue == "" {
+			return "", nil
+		}
+		engines := strings.Split(normalizedValue, ",")
+		var formatVal string
+		storeTypes := make(map[kv.StoreType]struct{})
+		for i, engine := range engines {
+			engine = strings.TrimSpace(engine)
+			switch {
+			case strings.EqualFold(engine, kv.TiFlash.Name()):
+				if _, ok := storeTypes[kv.TiFlash]; !ok {
+					if i != 0 {
+						formatVal += ","
+					}
+					formatVal += kv.TiFlash.Name()
+					storeTypes[kv.TiFlash] = struct{}{}
+				}
+			default:
+				return normalizedValue, ErrWrongValueForVar.GenWithStackByArgs(TiDBAllowFallbackToTiKV, normalizedValue)
+			}
+		}
+		return formatVal, nil
+	}},
 	/* The following variable is defined as session scope but is actually server scope. */
 	{Scope: ScopeSession, Name: TiDBGeneralLog, Value: BoolToOnOff(DefTiDBGeneralLog), Type: TypeBool},
 	{Scope: ScopeSession, Name: TiDBPProfSQLCPU, Value: strconv.Itoa(DefTiDBPProfSQLCPU), Type: TypeInt, MinValue: 0, MaxValue: 1},
diff --git a/sessionctx/variable/tidb_vars.go b/sessionctx/variable/tidb_vars.go
index c087911a4db93..3b8851c1e7ff4 100644
--- a/sessionctx/variable/tidb_vars.go
+++ b/sessionctx/variable/tidb_vars.go
@@ -526,8 +526,9 @@ const (
 	// TiDBEnableExchangePartition indicates whether to enable exchange partition.
 	TiDBEnableExchangePartition = "tidb_enable_exchange_partition"
 
-	// TiDBEnableTiFlashFallbackTiKV indicates whether to fallback to TiKV when TiFlash is unavailable.
-	TiDBEnableTiFlashFallbackTiKV = "tidb_enable_tiflash_fallback_tikv"
+	// TiDBAllowFallbackToTiKV indicates the engine types whose unavailability triggers fallback to TiKV.
+	// Now we only support TiFlash.
+	TiDBAllowFallbackToTiKV = "tidb_allow_fallback_to_tikv"
 )
 
 // TiDB vars that have only global scope
@@ -668,7 +669,6 @@ const (
 	DefTiDBEnableIndexMergeJoin        = false
 	DefTiDBTrackAggregateMemoryUsage   = true
 	DefTiDBEnableExchangePartition     = false
-	DefTiDBEnableTiFlashFallbackTiKV   = false
 )
 
 // Process global variables.
diff --git a/sessionctx/variable/varsutil_test.go b/sessionctx/variable/varsutil_test.go
index f389adff3a8a4..b5ad1c5b20486 100644
--- a/sessionctx/variable/varsutil_test.go
+++ b/sessionctx/variable/varsutil_test.go
@@ -105,7 +105,6 @@ func (s *testVarsutilSuite) TestNewSessionVars(c *C) {
 	c.Assert(vars.ShardAllocateStep, Equals, int64(DefTiDBShardAllocateStep))
 	c.Assert(vars.EnableChangeColumnType, Equals, DefTiDBChangeColumnType)
 	c.Assert(vars.AnalyzeVersion, Equals, DefTiDBAnalyzeVersion)
-	c.Assert(vars.EnableTiFlashFallbackTiKV, Equals, DefTiDBEnableTiFlashFallbackTiKV)
 
 	assertFieldsGreaterThanZero(c, reflect.ValueOf(vars.MemQuota))
 	assertFieldsGreaterThanZero(c, reflect.ValueOf(vars.BatchSize))
@@ -597,6 +596,12 @@ func (s *testVarsutilSuite) TestValidate(c *C) {
 		{TiDBEnableAmendPessimisticTxn, "0", false},
 		{TiDBEnableAmendPessimisticTxn, "1", false},
 		{TiDBEnableAmendPessimisticTxn, "256", true},
+		{TiDBAllowFallbackToTiKV, "", false},
+		{TiDBAllowFallbackToTiKV, "tiflash", false},
+		{TiDBAllowFallbackToTiKV, "  tiflash  ", false},
+		{TiDBAllowFallbackToTiKV, "tikv", true},
+		{TiDBAllowFallbackToTiKV, "tidb", true},
+		{TiDBAllowFallbackToTiKV, "tiflash,tikv,tidb", true},
 	}
 
 	for _, t := range tests {