diff --git a/xarray/core/common.py b/xarray/core/common.py
index 6c8fff37580..464cf9d315a 100644
--- a/xarray/core/common.py
+++ b/xarray/core/common.py
@@ -38,6 +38,7 @@
 
     from xarray.core.dataarray import DataArray
     from xarray.core.dataset import Dataset
+    from xarray.core.groupers import Resampler
     from xarray.core.indexes import Index
     from xarray.core.resample import Resample
     from xarray.core.rolling_exp import RollingExp
@@ -876,7 +877,7 @@ def rolling_exp(
     def _resample(
         self,
         resample_cls: type[T_Resample],
-        indexer: Mapping[Any, str] | None,
+        indexer: Mapping[Hashable, str | Resampler] | None,
         skipna: bool | None,
         closed: SideOptions | None,
         label: SideOptions | None,
@@ -885,7 +886,7 @@ def _resample(
         origin: str | DatetimeLike,
         loffset: datetime.timedelta | str | None,
         restore_coord_dims: bool | None,
-        **indexer_kwargs: str,
+        **indexer_kwargs: str | Resampler,
     ) -> T_Resample:
         """Returns a Resample object for performing resampling operations.
 
@@ -1098,6 +1099,7 @@ def _resample(
             name=RESAMPLE_DIM,
         )
 
+        grouper: Resampler
         if isinstance(freq, str):
             grouper = TimeResampler(
                 freq=freq,
diff --git a/xarray/core/dataarray.py b/xarray/core/dataarray.py
index 790ca0f4702..e6ca2ef773b 100644
--- a/xarray/core/dataarray.py
+++ b/xarray/core/dataarray.py
@@ -87,7 +87,7 @@
     from xarray.backends import ZarrStore
     from xarray.backends.api import T_NetcdfEngine, T_NetcdfTypes
     from xarray.core.groupby import DataArrayGroupBy
-    from xarray.core.groupers import Grouper
+    from xarray.core.groupers import Grouper, Resampler
     from xarray.core.resample import DataArrayResample
     from xarray.core.rolling import DataArrayCoarsen, DataArrayRolling
     from xarray.core.types import (
@@ -7216,7 +7216,7 @@ def coarsen(
 
     def resample(
         self,
-        indexer: Mapping[Any, str] | None = None,
+        indexer: Mapping[Hashable, str | Resampler] | None = None,
         skipna: bool | None = None,
         closed: SideOptions | None = None,
         label: SideOptions | None = None,
@@ -7225,7 +7225,7 @@ def resample(
         origin: str | DatetimeLike = "start_day",
         loffset: datetime.timedelta | str | None = None,
         restore_coord_dims: bool | None = None,
-        **indexer_kwargs: str,
+        **indexer_kwargs: str | Resampler,
     ) -> DataArrayResample:
         """Returns a Resample object for performing resampling operations.
 
diff --git a/xarray/core/dataset.py b/xarray/core/dataset.py
index 55828bae780..e6f7bdf3333 100644
--- a/xarray/core/dataset.py
+++ b/xarray/core/dataset.py
@@ -137,7 +137,7 @@
     from xarray.backends.api import T_NetcdfEngine, T_NetcdfTypes
     from xarray.core.dataarray import DataArray
     from xarray.core.groupby import DatasetGroupBy
-    from xarray.core.groupers import Grouper
+    from xarray.core.groupers import Grouper, Resampler
     from xarray.core.merge import CoercibleMapping, CoercibleValue, _MergeResult
     from xarray.core.resample import DatasetResample
     from xarray.core.rolling import DatasetCoarsen, DatasetRolling
@@ -10600,7 +10600,7 @@ def coarsen(
 
     def resample(
         self,
-        indexer: Mapping[Any, str] | None = None,
+        indexer: Mapping[Hashable, str | Resampler] | None = None,
         skipna: bool | None = None,
         closed: SideOptions | None = None,
         label: SideOptions | None = None,
@@ -10609,7 +10609,7 @@ def resample(
         origin: str | DatetimeLike = "start_day",
         loffset: datetime.timedelta | str | None = None,
         restore_coord_dims: bool | None = None,
-        **indexer_kwargs: str,
+        **indexer_kwargs: str | Resampler,
     ) -> DatasetResample:
         """Returns a Resample object for performing resampling operations.