diff --git a/xarray/core/dataarray.py b/xarray/core/dataarray.py
index ccfab2650a9..f91ab8c0b16 100644
--- a/xarray/core/dataarray.py
+++ b/xarray/core/dataarray.py
@@ -6694,11 +6694,13 @@ def interp_calendar(
         """
         return interp_calendar(self, target, dim=dim)
 
+    @_deprecate_positional_args("v2024.08.0")
     def groupby(
         self,
         group: (
             Hashable | DataArray | IndexVariable | Mapping[Any, Grouper] | None
         ) = None,
+        *,
         squeeze: bool | None = None,
         restore_coord_dims: bool = False,
         **groupers: Grouper,
@@ -6815,6 +6817,7 @@ def groupby(
             restore_coord_dims=restore_coord_dims,
         )
 
+    @_deprecate_positional_args("v2024.08.0")
     def groupby_bins(
         self,
         group: Hashable | DataArray | IndexVariable,
@@ -7239,9 +7242,11 @@ def coarsen(
             coord_func=coord_func,
         )
 
+    @_deprecate_positional_args("v2024.08.0")
     def resample(
         self,
         indexer: Mapping[Hashable, str | Resampler] | None = None,
+        *,
         skipna: bool | None = None,
         closed: SideOptions | None = None,
         label: SideOptions | None = None,
diff --git a/xarray/core/dataset.py b/xarray/core/dataset.py
index 0540744739a..53b58928430 100644
--- a/xarray/core/dataset.py
+++ b/xarray/core/dataset.py
@@ -10263,11 +10263,13 @@ def interp_calendar(
         """
         return interp_calendar(self, target, dim=dim)
 
+    @_deprecate_positional_args("v2024.08.0")
     def groupby(
         self,
         group: (
             Hashable | DataArray | IndexVariable | Mapping[Any, Grouper] | None
         ) = None,
+        *,
         squeeze: bool | None = None,
         restore_coord_dims: bool = False,
         **groupers: Grouper,
@@ -10351,6 +10353,7 @@ def groupby(
             restore_coord_dims=restore_coord_dims,
         )
 
+    @_deprecate_positional_args("v2024.08.0")
     def groupby_bins(
         self,
         group: Hashable | DataArray | IndexVariable,
@@ -10620,9 +10623,11 @@ def coarsen(
             coord_func=coord_func,
         )
 
+    @_deprecate_positional_args("v2024.08.0")
     def resample(
         self,
         indexer: Mapping[Any, str | Resampler] | None = None,
+        *,
         skipna: bool | None = None,
         closed: SideOptions | None = None,
         label: SideOptions | None = None,
diff --git a/xarray/tests/test_groupby.py b/xarray/tests/test_groupby.py
index bd612decc52..6251580454d 100644
--- a/xarray/tests/test_groupby.py
+++ b/xarray/tests/test_groupby.py
@@ -722,7 +722,7 @@ def test_groupby_reduce_dimension_error(array) -> None:
 
 def test_groupby_multiple_string_args(array) -> None:
     with pytest.raises(TypeError):
-        array.groupby("x", "y")
+        array.groupby("x", squeeze="y")
 
 
 def test_groupby_bins_timeseries() -> None:
@@ -2408,25 +2408,6 @@ def test_resample_drop_nondim_coords(self) -> None:
         actual = ds.resample(time="1h").interpolate("linear")
         assert "tc" not in actual.coords
 
-    def test_resample_old_api(self) -> None:
-        times = pd.date_range("2000-01-01", freq="6h", periods=10)
-        ds = Dataset(
-            {
-                "foo": (["time", "x", "y"], np.random.randn(10, 5, 3)),
-                "bar": ("time", np.random.randn(10), {"meta": "data"}),
-                "time": times,
-            }
-        )
-
-        with pytest.raises(TypeError, match=r"resample\(\) no longer supports"):
-            ds.resample("1D", "time")  # type: ignore[arg-type]
-
-        with pytest.raises(TypeError, match=r"resample\(\) no longer supports"):
-            ds.resample("1D", dim="time", how="mean")  # type: ignore[arg-type]
-
-        with pytest.raises(TypeError, match=r"resample\(\) no longer supports"):
-            ds.resample("1D", dim="time")  # type: ignore[arg-type]
-
     def test_resample_ds_da_are_the_same(self) -> None:
         time = pd.date_range("2000-01-01", freq="6h", periods=365 * 4)
         ds = xr.Dataset(