diff --git a/doc/whatsnew/fragments/10482.false_negative b/doc/whatsnew/fragments/10482.false_negative
new file mode 100644
index 0000000000..f689436b8b
--- /dev/null
+++ b/doc/whatsnew/fragments/10482.false_negative
@@ -0,0 +1,3 @@
+Fix false-negative for ``used-before-assignment`` with ``from __future__ import annotations`` in function definitions.
+
+Refs #10482
diff --git a/pylint/checkers/variables.py b/pylint/checkers/variables.py
index 5f5259e79a..f54153341c 100644
--- a/pylint/checkers/variables.py
+++ b/pylint/checkers/variables.py
@@ -1949,7 +1949,17 @@ def _check_consumer(
                 # and unevaluated annotations inside a function body
                 if not (
                     self._postponed_evaluation_enabled
-                    and isinstance(stmt, (nodes.AnnAssign, nodes.FunctionDef))
+                    and (
+                        isinstance(stmt, nodes.AnnAssign)
+                        or (
+                            isinstance(stmt, nodes.FunctionDef)
+                            and node
+                            not in {
+                                *(stmt.args.defaults or ()),
+                                *(stmt.args.kw_defaults or ()),
+                            }
+                        )
+                    )
                 ) and not (
                     isinstance(stmt, nodes.AnnAssign)
                     and utils.get_node_first_ancestor_of_type(stmt, nodes.FunctionDef)