diff --git a/noxfile.py b/noxfile.py
index 38f10bb6c33..160e823e9f1 100644
--- a/noxfile.py
+++ b/noxfile.py
@@ -26,8 +26,6 @@
 }
 REQUIREMENTS = {
     "docs": "docs/requirements.txt",
-    "tests": "tests/requirements.txt",
-    "common-wheels": "tests/requirements-common_wheels.txt",
 }
 
 AUTHORS_FILE = "AUTHORS.txt"
@@ -54,10 +52,10 @@ def should_update_common_wheels() -> bool:
     if not os.path.exists(LOCATIONS["common-wheels"]):
         return True
 
-    # If the requirements was updated after cache, we'll repopulate it.
+    # If the pyproject.toml was updated after cache, we'll repopulate it.
     cache_last_populated_at = os.path.getmtime(LOCATIONS["common-wheels"])
-    requirements_updated_at = os.path.getmtime(REQUIREMENTS["common-wheels"])
-    need_to_repopulate = requirements_updated_at > cache_last_populated_at
+    pyproject_updated_at = os.path.getmtime("pyproject.toml")
+    need_to_repopulate = pyproject_updated_at > cache_last_populated_at
 
     # Clear the stale cache.
     if need_to_repopulate:
@@ -78,7 +76,7 @@ def test(session: nox.Session) -> None:
             session,
             "wheel",
             "-w", LOCATIONS["common-wheels"],
-            "-r", REQUIREMENTS["common-wheels"],
+            "--group", "test-common-wheels",
         )
         # fmt: on
     else:
@@ -115,7 +113,7 @@ def test(session: nox.Session) -> None:
     run_with_protected_pip(session, "install", generated_sdist)
 
     # Install test dependencies
-    run_with_protected_pip(session, "install", "-r", REQUIREMENTS["tests"])
+    run_with_protected_pip(session, "install", "--group", "test")
 
     # Parallelize tests as much as possible, by default.
     arguments = session.posargs or ["-n", "auto"]
diff --git a/pyproject.toml b/pyproject.toml
index cc420de957f..90f04307f47 100644
--- a/pyproject.toml
+++ b/pyproject.toml
@@ -48,6 +48,36 @@ Changelog = "https://pip.pypa.io/en/stable/news/"
 requires = ["setuptools>=77"]
 build-backend = "setuptools.build_meta"
 
+[dependency-groups]
+test = [
+    "cryptography",
+    "freezegun",
+    "installer",
+    "pytest",
+    "pytest-cov",
+    "pytest-rerunfailures",
+    "pytest-xdist",
+    "scripttest",
+    "setuptools",
+    # macOS (darwin) arm64 always uses virtualenv >= 20.0
+    # for other platforms, it depends on python version
+    "virtualenv < 20.0 ; python_version < '3.10' and (sys_platform != 'darwin' or platform_machine != 'arm64')",
+    "virtualenv >= 20.0 ; python_version >= '3.10' or (sys_platform == 'darwin' and platform_machine == 'arm64')",
+    "werkzeug",
+    "wheel",
+    "tomli-w",
+    "proxy.py",
+]
+
+test-common-wheels = [
+    # We pin setuptools<80 because our test suite currently
+    # depends on setup.py develop to generate egg-link files.
+    "setuptools >= 40.8.0, != 60.6.0, <80",
+    "wheel",
+    # As required by pytest-cov.
+    "coverage >= 4.4",
+]
+
 [tool.setuptools]
 package-dir = {"" = "src"}
 include-package-data = false
diff --git a/tests/requirements-common_wheels.txt b/tests/requirements-common_wheels.txt
deleted file mode 100644
index 31450a0e861..00000000000
--- a/tests/requirements-common_wheels.txt
+++ /dev/null
@@ -1,13 +0,0 @@
-# Create local setuptools wheel files for testing by:
-# 1. Cloning setuptools and checking out the branch of interest
-# 2. Running `python3 bootstrap.py` in that directory
-# 3. Running `python3 -m pip wheel --no-cache -w /tmp/setuptools_build_meta_legacy/ .`
-# 4. Replacing the `setuptools` entry below with a `file:///...` URL
-# (Adjust artifact directory used based on preference and operating system)
-
-# We pin setuptools<80 because our test suite currently
-# depends on setup.py develop to generate egg-link files.
-setuptools >= 40.8.0, != 60.6.0, <80
-wheel
-# As required by pytest-cov.
-coverage >= 4.4
diff --git a/tests/requirements.txt b/tests/requirements.txt
deleted file mode 100644
index 0568aea5178..00000000000
--- a/tests/requirements.txt
+++ /dev/null
@@ -1,17 +0,0 @@
-cryptography
-freezegun
-installer
-pytest
-pytest-cov
-pytest-rerunfailures
-pytest-xdist
-scripttest
-setuptools
-# macOS (darwin) arm64 always uses virtualenv >= 20.0
-# for other platforms, it depends on python version
-virtualenv < 20.0 ; python_version < '3.10' and (sys_platform != 'darwin' or platform_machine != 'arm64')
-virtualenv >= 20.0 ; python_version >= '3.10' or (sys_platform == 'darwin' and platform_machine == 'arm64')
-werkzeug
-wheel
-tomli-w
-proxy.py