diff --git a/setuptools/build_meta.py b/setuptools/build_meta.py
index 9267cf312f6..ba45cb579ae 100644
--- a/setuptools/build_meta.py
+++ b/setuptools/build_meta.py
@@ -284,10 +284,9 @@ def _arbitrary_args(self, config_settings: _ConfigSettings) -> Iterator[str]:
         ['foo']
         >>> list(fn({'--build-option': 'foo bar'}))
         ['foo', 'bar']
-        >>> warnings.simplefilter('error', SetuptoolsDeprecationWarning)
         >>> list(fn({'--global-option': 'foo'}))  # doctest: +IGNORE_EXCEPTION_DETAIL
         Traceback (most recent call last):
-        SetuptoolsDeprecationWarning: ...arguments given via `--global-option`...
+        ValueError: Incompatible ...`foo`...
         """
         args = self._get_config("--global-option", config_settings)
         global_opts = self._valid_global_options()
@@ -301,15 +300,8 @@ def _arbitrary_args(self, config_settings: _ConfigSettings) -> Iterator[str]:
         yield from self._get_config("--build-option", config_settings)
 
         if bad_args:
-            SetuptoolsDeprecationWarning.emit(
-                "Incompatible `config_settings` passed to build backend.",
-                f"""
-                The arguments {bad_args!r} were given via `--global-option`.
-                Please use `--build-option` instead,
-                `--global-option` is reserved for flags like `--verbose` or `--quiet`.
-                """,
-                due_date=(2023, 9, 26),  # Warning introduced in v64.0.1, 11/Aug/2022.
-            )
+            msg = f"Incompatible `config_settings`: {bad_args!r} ({config_settings!r})"
+            raise ValueError(msg)
 
 
 class _BuildMetaBackend(_ConfigSettingsTranslator):
diff --git a/setuptools/tests/test_build_meta.py b/setuptools/tests/test_build_meta.py
index fd7cf168cef..244b76d0828 100644
--- a/setuptools/tests/test_build_meta.py
+++ b/setuptools/tests/test_build_meta.py
@@ -700,25 +700,6 @@ def _assert_link_tree(self, parent_dir):
         for file in files:
             assert file.is_symlink() or os.stat(file).st_nlink > 0
 
-    @pytest.mark.filterwarnings("ignore::setuptools.SetuptoolsDeprecationWarning")
-    # Since the backend is running via a process pool, in some operating systems
-    # we may have problems to make assertions based on warnings/stdout/stderr...
-    # So the best is to ignore them for the time being.
-    def test_editable_with_global_option_still_works(self, tmpdir_cwd):
-        """The usage of --global-option is now discouraged in favour of --build-option.
-        This is required to make more sense of the provided scape hatch and align with
-        previous pip behaviour. See pypa/setuptools#1928.
-        """
-        path.build({**self._simple_pyproject_example, '_meta': {}})
-        build_backend = self.get_build_backend()
-        assert not Path("build").exists()
-
-        cfg = {"--global-option": ["--mode", "strict"]}
-        build_backend.prepare_metadata_for_build_editable("_meta", cfg)
-        build_backend.build_editable("temp", cfg, "_meta")
-
-        self._assert_link_tree(next(Path("build").glob("__editable__.*")))
-
     def test_editable_without_config_settings(self, tmpdir_cwd):
         """
         Sanity check to ensure tests with --mode=strict are different from the ones