diff --git a/mypy/semanal.py b/mypy/semanal.py
index e90ab9f160e0..42803727a958 100644
--- a/mypy/semanal.py
+++ b/mypy/semanal.py
@@ -4157,8 +4157,12 @@ def check_type_alias_type_call(self, rvalue: Expression, *, name: str) -> TypeGu
             names.append("typing.TypeAliasType")
         if not refers_to_fullname(rvalue.callee, tuple(names)):
             return False
+        if not self.check_typevarlike_name(rvalue, name, rvalue):
+            return False
+        if rvalue.arg_kinds.count(ARG_POS) != 2:
+            return False
 
-        return self.check_typevarlike_name(rvalue, name, rvalue)
+        return True
 
     def analyze_type_alias_type_params(
         self, rvalue: CallExpr
diff --git a/test-data/unit/check-type-aliases.test b/test-data/unit/check-type-aliases.test
index c7b9694a9188..4073836dd973 100644
--- a/test-data/unit/check-type-aliases.test
+++ b/test-data/unit/check-type-aliases.test
@@ -1105,6 +1105,10 @@ t1: T1  # E: Variable "__main__.T1" is not valid as a type \
 T3 = TypeAliasType("T3", -1)  # E: Invalid type: try using Literal[-1] instead?
 t3: T3
 reveal_type(t3)  # N: Revealed type is "Any"
+
+T4 = TypeAliasType("T4")  # E: Missing positional argument "value" in call to "TypeAliasType"
+T5 = TypeAliasType("T5", int, str)  # E: Too many positional arguments for "TypeAliasType" \
+                                    # E: Argument 3 to "TypeAliasType" has incompatible type "Type[str]"; expected "Tuple[Union[TypeVar?, ParamSpec?, TypeVarTuple?], ...]"
 [builtins fixtures/tuple.pyi]
 [typing fixtures/typing-full.pyi]