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第133题(2020-01-21):TCP、UDP区别?网络的七层协议有哪些? #135

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qappleh opened this issue Feb 3, 2020 · 1 comment

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qappleh commented Feb 3, 2020

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@qappleh qappleh changed the title 第133题(2020-01-21):TCP、UDP区别? 第133题(2020-01-21):TCP、UDP区别?网络的七层协议有哪些? Sep 13, 2020
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qappleh commented Sep 13, 2020

TCP与UDP区别:

1、TCP面向连接(如打电话要先拨号建立连接);UDP是无连接的,即发送数据之前不需要建立连接

2、TCP提供可靠的服务。也就是说,通过TCP连接传送的数据,无差错,不丢失,不重复,且按序到达;UDP尽最大努力交付,即不保证可靠交付

3、TCP面向字节流,实际上是TCP把数据看成一连串无结构的字节流;UDP是面向报文的

UDP没有拥塞控制,因此网络出现拥塞不会使源主机的发送速率降低(对实时应用很有用,如IP电话,实时视频会议等)

4、每一条TCP连接只能是点到点的;UDP支持一对一,一对多,多对一和多对多的交互通信

5、TCP首部开销20字节;UDP的首部开销小,只有8个字节

6、TCP的逻辑通信信道是全双工的可靠信道,UDP则是不可靠信道

七层协议:

七层协议:应用层(Telnet、FTP、HTTP、SNMP等)

表示层:CSS GIF HTML JSON XML GIF

会话层:FTP SSH TLS HTTP(S) SQL

传输层:TCP UDP

网络层:IP(IPV4、IPV6) ICMP

数据链路层:802.2、802.3ATM、HDLC

物理层:V.35、EIA/TIA-232

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