diff --git a/python/ray/air/_internal/remote_storage.py b/python/ray/air/_internal/remote_storage.py
index 7df9c6f5f402f..8e3cf68330601 100644
--- a/python/ray/air/_internal/remote_storage.py
+++ b/python/ray/air/_internal/remote_storage.py
@@ -36,6 +36,25 @@ def create_dir(self, path, recursive):
 from ray import logger
 
 
+def _pyarrow_fs_copy_files(
+    source, destination, source_filesystem=None, destination_filesystem=None, **kwargs
+):
+    if isinstance(source_filesystem, pyarrow.fs.S3FileSystem) or isinstance(
+        destination_filesystem, pyarrow.fs.S3FileSystem
+    ):
+        # Workaround multi-threading issue with pyarrow
+        # https://github.com/apache/arrow/issues/32372
+        kwargs.setdefault("use_threads", False)
+
+    return pyarrow.fs.copy_files(
+        source,
+        destination,
+        source_filesystem=source_filesystem,
+        destination_filesystem=destination_filesystem,
+        **kwargs,
+    )
+
+
 def _assert_pyarrow_installed():
     if pyarrow is None:
         raise RuntimeError(
@@ -214,9 +233,9 @@ def download_from_uri(uri: str, local_path: str, filelock: bool = True):
 
     if filelock:
         with TempFileLock(f"{os.path.normpath(local_path)}.lock"):
-            pyarrow.fs.copy_files(bucket_path, local_path, source_filesystem=fs)
+            _pyarrow_fs_copy_files(bucket_path, local_path, source_filesystem=fs)
     else:
-        pyarrow.fs.copy_files(bucket_path, local_path, source_filesystem=fs)
+        _pyarrow_fs_copy_files(bucket_path, local_path, source_filesystem=fs)
 
 
 def upload_to_uri(
@@ -233,7 +252,7 @@ def upload_to_uri(
         )
 
     if not exclude:
-        pyarrow.fs.copy_files(local_path, bucket_path, destination_filesystem=fs)
+        _pyarrow_fs_copy_files(local_path, bucket_path, destination_filesystem=fs)
         return
 
     # Else, walk and upload
@@ -262,7 +281,7 @@ def _should_exclude(candidate: str) -> bool:
             full_source_path = os.path.normpath(os.path.join(local_path, candidate))
             full_target_path = os.path.normpath(os.path.join(bucket_path, candidate))
 
-            pyarrow.fs.copy_files(
+            _pyarrow_fs_copy_files(
                 full_source_path, full_target_path, destination_filesystem=fs
             )
 
diff --git a/python/ray/tune/tests/test_syncer.py b/python/ray/tune/tests/test_syncer.py
index 0b02fe80a5221..83d03b285da4c 100644
--- a/python/ray/tune/tests/test_syncer.py
+++ b/python/ray/tune/tests/test_syncer.py
@@ -4,10 +4,12 @@
 import subprocess
 import tempfile
 import time
+from pathlib import Path
 from typing import List, Optional
 from unittest.mock import patch
 
 import pytest
+import boto3
 from freezegun import freeze_time
 
 import ray
@@ -18,6 +20,7 @@
 from ray.tune.syncer import Syncer, _DefaultSyncer
 from ray.tune.utils.file_transfer import _pack_dir, _unpack_dir
 from ray.air._internal.remote_storage import upload_to_uri, download_from_uri
+from ray._private.test_utils import simulate_storage
 
 
 @pytest.fixture
@@ -673,6 +676,43 @@ def train_func(config):
     )
 
 
+def test_sync_folder_with_many_files_s3(tmpdir):
+    # Create 256 files to upload
+    for i in range(256):
+        (tmpdir / str(i)).write_text("", encoding="utf-8")
+
+    root = "bucket_test_syncer/dir"
+    with simulate_storage("s3", root) as s3_uri:
+        # Upload to S3
+
+        s3 = boto3.client(
+            "s3", region_name="us-west-2", endpoint_url="http://localhost:5002"
+        )
+        s3.create_bucket(
+            Bucket="bucket_test_syncer",
+            CreateBucketConfiguration={"LocationConstraint": "us-west-2"},
+        )
+        upload_to_uri(tmpdir, s3_uri)
+
+        with tempfile.TemporaryDirectory() as download_dir:
+            download_from_uri(s3_uri, download_dir)
+
+            assert (Path(download_dir) / "255").exists()
+
+
+def test_sync_folder_with_many_files_fs(tmpdir):
+    # Create 256 files to upload
+    for i in range(256):
+        (tmpdir / str(i)).write_text("", encoding="utf-8")
+
+    # Upload to file URI
+    with tempfile.TemporaryDirectory() as upload_dir:
+        target_uri = "file://" + upload_dir
+        upload_to_uri(tmpdir, target_uri)
+
+        assert (tmpdir / "255").exists()
+
+
 if __name__ == "__main__":
     import sys