diff --git a/CHANGELOG.md b/CHANGELOG.md
index 810a2b9a..b18102f5 100644
--- a/CHANGELOG.md
+++ b/CHANGELOG.md
@@ -5,6 +5,7 @@
 - Fix `FactoryBot/AssociationStyle` cop to ignore explicit associations with `strategy: :build`. ([@pirj])
 - Change `FactoryBot/CreateList` so that it is not an offense if not repeated multiple times. ([@ydah])
 - Fix a false positive for `FactoryBot/AssociationStyle` when `association` is called in trait block and column name is keyword. ([@ydah])
+- Fix a false positive for `FactoryBot/AssociationStyle` when `EnforcedStyle: Explicit` and using trait within trait. ([@ydah])
 
 ## 2.23.1 (2023-05-15)
 
diff --git a/lib/rubocop/cop/factory_bot/association_style.rb b/lib/rubocop/cop/factory_bot/association_style.rb
index bf2f116e..5ccd2441 100644
--- a/lib/rubocop/cop/factory_bot/association_style.rb
+++ b/lib/rubocop/cop/factory_bot/association_style.rb
@@ -140,6 +140,11 @@ def on_send(node)
           (send nil? :association $...)
         PATTERN
 
+        # @!method trait_name(node)
+        def_node_search :trait_name, <<~PATTERN
+          (send nil? :trait (sym $_) )
+        PATTERN
+
         def autocorrect(corrector, node)
           if style == :explicit
             autocorrect_to_explicit_style(corrector, node)
@@ -168,7 +173,8 @@ def autocorrect_to_implicit_style(corrector, node)
 
         def bad?(node)
           if style == :explicit
-            implicit_association?(node)
+            implicit_association?(node) &&
+              !trait_within_trait?(node)
           else
             explicit_association?(node) &&
               !with_strategy_build_option?(node) &&
@@ -239,6 +245,14 @@ def options_for_autocorrect_to_implicit_style(node)
           end
           options
         end
+
+        def trait_within_trait?(node)
+          factory_node = node.ancestors.reverse.find do |ancestor|
+            ancestor.send_node.method?(:factory) if ancestor.block_type?
+          end
+
+          trait_name(factory_node).include?(node.method_name)
+        end
       end
     end
   end
diff --git a/spec/rubocop/cop/factory_bot/association_style_spec.rb b/spec/rubocop/cop/factory_bot/association_style_spec.rb
index d4c23105..01afc883 100644
--- a/spec/rubocop/cop/factory_bot/association_style_spec.rb
+++ b/spec/rubocop/cop/factory_bot/association_style_spec.rb
@@ -334,5 +334,76 @@ def inspected_source_filename
         RUBY
       end
     end
+
+    context 'when using trait within trait' do
+      it 'does not register an offense' do
+        expect_no_offenses(<<~RUBY)
+          factory :order do
+            trait :completed do
+              completed_at { 3.days.ago }
+            end
+
+            trait :refunded do
+              completed
+              refunded_at { 1.day.ago }
+            end
+          end
+        RUBY
+      end
+    end
+
+    context 'when factory inside a factory' do
+      it 'does not register an offense' do
+        expect_no_offenses(<<~RUBY)
+          factory :order do
+            trait :completed do
+              completed_at { 3.days.ago }
+            end
+
+            factory :order_with_refund do
+              trait :refunded do
+                completed
+                refunded_at { 1.day.ago }
+              end
+            end
+          end
+        RUBY
+      end
+    end
+
+    context 'when use an association with the same name as trait' do
+      it 'registers and corrects an offense' do
+        expect_offense(<<~RUBY)
+          factory :order do
+            trait :completed do
+              completed_at { 3.days.ago }
+            end
+          end
+
+          factory :order_with_refund do
+            trait :refunded do
+              completed
+              ^^^^^^^^^ Use explicit style to define associations.
+              refunded_at { 1.day.ago }
+            end
+          end
+        RUBY
+
+        expect_correction(<<~RUBY)
+          factory :order do
+            trait :completed do
+              completed_at { 3.days.ago }
+            end
+          end
+
+          factory :order_with_refund do
+            trait :refunded do
+              association :completed
+              refunded_at { 1.day.ago }
+            end
+          end
+        RUBY
+      end
+    end
   end
 end