diff --git a/changelog/new_add_new_minitest_assert_operator_and_refute_operator_cops.md b/changelog/new_add_new_minitest_assert_operator_and_refute_operator_cops.md
new file mode 100644
index 00000000..b8c50376
--- /dev/null
+++ b/changelog/new_add_new_minitest_assert_operator_and_refute_operator_cops.md
@@ -0,0 +1 @@
+* [#255](https://github.com/rubocop/rubocop-minitest/issues/255): Add new `Minitest/AssertOperator` and `Minitest/RefuteOperator` cops. ([@koic][])
diff --git a/config/default.yml b/config/default.yml
index e5ebf1e8..9184b2f4 100644
--- a/config/default.yml
+++ b/config/default.yml
@@ -59,6 +59,12 @@ Minitest/AssertNil:
   Enabled: true
   VersionAdded: '0.1'
 
+Minitest/AssertOperator:
+  Description: 'This cop enforces the use of `assert_operator(expected, :<, actual)` over `assert(expected < actual)`.'
+  StyleGuide: 'https://minitest.rubystyle.guide#assert-operator'
+  Enabled: pending
+  VersionAdded: '<<next>>'
+
 Minitest/AssertOutput:
   Description: 'This cop checks for opportunities to use `assert_output`.'
   StyleGuide: 'https://minitest.rubystyle.guide/#assert-output'
@@ -248,6 +254,12 @@ Minitest/RefuteNil:
   Enabled: true
   VersionAdded: '0.2'
 
+Minitest/RefuteOperator:
+  Description: 'This cop enforces the use of `refute_operator(expected, :<, actual)` over `refute(expected < actual)`.'
+  StyleGuide: 'https://minitest.rubystyle.guide#refute-operator'
+  Enabled: pending
+  VersionAdded: '<<next>>'
+
 Minitest/RefutePathExists:
   Description: 'This cop enforces the test to use `refute_path_exists` instead of using `refute(File.exist?(path))`.'
   StyleGuide: 'https://minitest.rubystyle.guide/#refute-path-exists'
diff --git a/lib/rubocop/cop/minitest/assert_operator.rb b/lib/rubocop/cop/minitest/assert_operator.rb
new file mode 100644
index 00000000..d7c5bfd4
--- /dev/null
+++ b/lib/rubocop/cop/minitest/assert_operator.rb
@@ -0,0 +1,53 @@
+# frozen_string_literal: true
+
+module RuboCop
+  module Cop
+    module Minitest
+      # Enforces the use of `assert_operator(expected, :<, actual)` over `assert(expected < actual)`.
+      #
+      # @example
+      #
+      #   # bad
+      #   assert(expected < actual)
+      #
+      #   # good
+      #   assert_operator(expected, :<, actual)
+      #
+      class AssertOperator < Base
+        extend AutoCorrector
+
+        MSG = 'Prefer using `assert_operator(%<new_arguments>s)`.'
+        RESTRICT_ON_SEND = %i[assert].freeze
+
+        def on_send(node)
+          return unless node.first_argument.operator_method?
+
+          new_arguments = build_new_arguments(node)
+
+          add_offense(node, message: format(MSG, new_arguments: new_arguments)) do |corrector|
+            corrector.replace(node.loc.selector, 'assert_operator')
+
+            corrector.replace(range_of_arguments(node), new_arguments)
+          end
+        end
+
+        private
+
+        def build_new_arguments(node)
+          lhs, op, rhs = *node.first_argument
+          new_arguments = "#{lhs.source}, :#{op}, #{rhs.source}"
+
+          if node.arguments.count == 2
+            new_arguments << ", #{node.last_argument.source}"
+          else
+            new_arguments
+          end
+        end
+
+        def range_of_arguments(node)
+          node.first_argument.source_range.begin.join(node.last_argument.source_range.end)
+        end
+      end
+    end
+  end
+end
diff --git a/lib/rubocop/cop/minitest/refute_operator.rb b/lib/rubocop/cop/minitest/refute_operator.rb
new file mode 100644
index 00000000..647ef195
--- /dev/null
+++ b/lib/rubocop/cop/minitest/refute_operator.rb
@@ -0,0 +1,53 @@
+# frozen_string_literal: true
+
+module RuboCop
+  module Cop
+    module Minitest
+      # Enforces the use of `refute_operator(expected, :<, actual)` over `refute(expected < actual)`.
+      #
+      # @example
+      #
+      #   # bad
+      #   refute(expected < actual)
+      #
+      #   # good
+      #   refute_operator(expected, :<, actual)
+      #
+      class RefuteOperator < Base
+        extend AutoCorrector
+
+        MSG = 'Prefer using `refute_operator(%<new_arguments>s)`.'
+        RESTRICT_ON_SEND = %i[refute].freeze
+
+        def on_send(node)
+          return unless node.first_argument.operator_method?
+
+          new_arguments = build_new_arguments(node)
+
+          add_offense(node, message: format(MSG, new_arguments: new_arguments)) do |corrector|
+            corrector.replace(node.loc.selector, 'refute_operator')
+
+            corrector.replace(range_of_arguments(node), new_arguments)
+          end
+        end
+
+        private
+
+        def build_new_arguments(node)
+          lhs, op, rhs = *node.first_argument
+          new_arguments = "#{lhs.source}, :#{op}, #{rhs.source}"
+
+          if node.arguments.count == 2
+            new_arguments << ", #{node.last_argument.source}"
+          else
+            new_arguments
+          end
+        end
+
+        def range_of_arguments(node)
+          node.first_argument.source_range.begin.join(node.last_argument.source_range.end)
+        end
+      end
+    end
+  end
+end
diff --git a/lib/rubocop/cop/minitest_cops.rb b/lib/rubocop/cop/minitest_cops.rb
index 14d28dde..58675e7a 100644
--- a/lib/rubocop/cop/minitest_cops.rb
+++ b/lib/rubocop/cop/minitest_cops.rb
@@ -11,6 +11,7 @@
 require_relative 'minitest/assert_empty_literal'
 require_relative 'minitest/assert_equal'
 require_relative 'minitest/assert_in_delta'
+require_relative 'minitest/assert_operator'
 require_relative 'minitest/assert_predicate'
 require_relative 'minitest/assert_raises_compound_body'
 require_relative 'minitest/assert_raises_with_regexp_argument'
@@ -42,11 +43,12 @@
 require_relative 'minitest/refute_false'
 require_relative 'minitest/refute_equal'
 require_relative 'minitest/refute_in_delta'
-require_relative 'minitest/refute_kind_of'
-require_relative 'minitest/refute_nil'
 require_relative 'minitest/refute_includes'
-require_relative 'minitest/refute_match'
 require_relative 'minitest/refute_instance_of'
+require_relative 'minitest/refute_kind_of'
+require_relative 'minitest/refute_match'
+require_relative 'minitest/refute_nil'
+require_relative 'minitest/refute_operator'
 require_relative 'minitest/refute_path_exists'
 require_relative 'minitest/refute_predicate'
 require_relative 'minitest/refute_respond_to'
diff --git a/test/project_test.rb b/test/project_test.rb
index 77e648e2..82648ff1 100644
--- a/test/project_test.rb
+++ b/test/project_test.rb
@@ -136,7 +136,7 @@ def test_default_rules_are_sorted_alphabetically
     config_default = YAML.load_file('config/default.yml')
 
     config_default.each_key do |key|
-      assert(previous_key <= key, "Cops should be sorted alphabetically. Please sort #{key}.")
+      assert_operator(previous_key, :<=, key, "Cops should be sorted alphabetically. Please sort #{key}.")
       previous_key = key
     end
   end
diff --git a/test/rubocop/cop/minitest/assert_operator_test.rb b/test/rubocop/cop/minitest/assert_operator_test.rb
new file mode 100644
index 00000000..0ae1095f
--- /dev/null
+++ b/test/rubocop/cop/minitest/assert_operator_test.rb
@@ -0,0 +1,72 @@
+# frozen_string_literal: true
+
+require_relative '../../../test_helper'
+
+class AssertOperatorTest < Minitest::Test
+  def test_registers_offense_when_using_assert_with_operator_method
+    assert_offense(<<~RUBY)
+      class FooTest < Minitest::Test
+        def test_do_something
+          assert(expected < actual)
+          ^^^^^^^^^^^^^^^^^^^^^^^^^ Prefer using `assert_operator(expected, :<, actual)`.
+        end
+      end
+    RUBY
+
+    assert_correction(<<~RUBY)
+      class FooTest < Minitest::Test
+        def test_do_something
+          assert_operator(expected, :<, actual)
+        end
+      end
+    RUBY
+  end
+
+  def test_registers_offense_when_using_assert_with_operator_method_and_message
+    assert_offense(<<~RUBY)
+      class FooTest < Minitest::Test
+        def test_do_something
+          assert(expected < actual, 'message')
+          ^^^^^^^^^^^^^^^^^^^^^^^^^^^^^^^^^^^^ Prefer using `assert_operator(expected, :<, actual, 'message')`.
+        end
+      end
+    RUBY
+
+    assert_correction(<<~RUBY)
+      class FooTest < Minitest::Test
+        def test_do_something
+          assert_operator(expected, :<, actual, 'message')
+        end
+      end
+    RUBY
+  end
+
+  def test_registers_offense_when_using_assert_with_operator_method_without_parentheses
+    assert_offense(<<~RUBY)
+      class FooTest < Minitest::Test
+        def test_do_something
+          assert expected < actual
+          ^^^^^^^^^^^^^^^^^^^^^^^^ Prefer using `assert_operator(expected, :<, actual)`.
+        end
+      end
+    RUBY
+
+    assert_correction(<<~RUBY)
+      class FooTest < Minitest::Test
+        def test_do_something
+          assert_operator expected, :<, actual
+        end
+      end
+    RUBY
+  end
+
+  def test_does_not_register_offense_when_using_not_assert_with_operator_method
+    assert_no_offenses(<<~RUBY)
+      class FooTest < Minitest::Test
+        def test_do_something
+          assert_operator(expected, :<, actual)
+        end
+      end
+    RUBY
+  end
+end
diff --git a/test/rubocop/cop/minitest/refute_operator_test.rb b/test/rubocop/cop/minitest/refute_operator_test.rb
new file mode 100644
index 00000000..3208e6c2
--- /dev/null
+++ b/test/rubocop/cop/minitest/refute_operator_test.rb
@@ -0,0 +1,72 @@
+# frozen_string_literal: true
+
+require_relative '../../../test_helper'
+
+class RefuteOperatorTest < Minitest::Test
+  def test_registers_offense_when_using_refute_with_operator_method
+    assert_offense(<<~RUBY)
+      class FooTest < Minitest::Test
+        def test_do_something
+          refute(expected < actual)
+          ^^^^^^^^^^^^^^^^^^^^^^^^^ Prefer using `refute_operator(expected, :<, actual)`.
+        end
+      end
+    RUBY
+
+    assert_correction(<<~RUBY)
+      class FooTest < Minitest::Test
+        def test_do_something
+          refute_operator(expected, :<, actual)
+        end
+      end
+    RUBY
+  end
+
+  def test_registers_offense_when_using_refute_with_operator_method_and_message
+    assert_offense(<<~RUBY)
+      class FooTest < Minitest::Test
+        def test_do_something
+          refute(expected < actual, 'message')
+          ^^^^^^^^^^^^^^^^^^^^^^^^^^^^^^^^^^^^ Prefer using `refute_operator(expected, :<, actual, 'message')`.
+        end
+      end
+    RUBY
+
+    assert_correction(<<~RUBY)
+      class FooTest < Minitest::Test
+        def test_do_something
+          refute_operator(expected, :<, actual, 'message')
+        end
+      end
+    RUBY
+  end
+
+  def test_registers_offense_when_using_refute_with_operator_method_without_parentheses
+    assert_offense(<<~RUBY)
+      class FooTest < Minitest::Test
+        def test_do_something
+          refute expected < actual
+          ^^^^^^^^^^^^^^^^^^^^^^^^ Prefer using `refute_operator(expected, :<, actual)`.
+        end
+      end
+    RUBY
+
+    assert_correction(<<~RUBY)
+      class FooTest < Minitest::Test
+        def test_do_something
+          refute_operator expected, :<, actual
+        end
+      end
+    RUBY
+  end
+
+  def test_does_not_register_offense_when_using_not_refute_with_operator_method
+    assert_no_offenses(<<~RUBY)
+      class FooTest < Minitest::Test
+        def test_do_something
+          refute_operator(expected, :<, actual)
+        end
+      end
+    RUBY
+  end
+end