diff --git a/compiler/rustc_hir_analysis/src/collect.rs b/compiler/rustc_hir_analysis/src/collect.rs
index e9cd22435d958..a33707649fcf5 100644
--- a/compiler/rustc_hir_analysis/src/collect.rs
+++ b/compiler/rustc_hir_analysis/src/collect.rs
@@ -14,6 +14,7 @@
 //! At present, however, we do run collection across all items in the
 //! crate as a kind of pass. This should eventually be factored away.
 
+use std::assert_matches::assert_matches;
 use std::cell::Cell;
 use std::iter;
 use std::ops::Bound;
@@ -1344,7 +1345,8 @@ fn fn_sig(tcx: TyCtxt<'_>, def_id: LocalDefId) -> ty::EarlyBinder<'_, ty::PolyFn
             compute_sig_of_foreign_fn_decl(tcx, def_id, sig.decl, abi, sig.header.safety())
         }
 
-        Ctor(data) | Variant(hir::Variant { data, .. }) if data.ctor().is_some() => {
+        Ctor(data) => {
+            assert_matches!(data.ctor(), Some(_));
             let adt_def_id = tcx.hir_get_parent_item(hir_id).def_id.to_def_id();
             let ty = tcx.type_of(adt_def_id).instantiate_identity();
             let inputs = data.fields().iter().map(|f| tcx.type_of(f.def_id).instantiate_identity());
diff --git a/compiler/rustc_hir_analysis/src/variance/mod.rs b/compiler/rustc_hir_analysis/src/variance/mod.rs
index 0800d99e9452e..dbba45dc7bb58 100644
--- a/compiler/rustc_hir_analysis/src/variance/mod.rs
+++ b/compiler/rustc_hir_analysis/src/variance/mod.rs
@@ -44,13 +44,13 @@ fn variances_of(tcx: TyCtxt<'_>, item_def_id: LocalDefId) -> &[ty::Variance] {
         return &[];
     }
 
-    match tcx.def_kind(item_def_id) {
+    let kind = tcx.def_kind(item_def_id);
+    match kind {
         DefKind::Fn
         | DefKind::AssocFn
         | DefKind::Enum
         | DefKind::Struct
         | DefKind::Union
-        | DefKind::Variant
         | DefKind::Ctor(..) => {
             // These are inferred.
             let crate_map = tcx.crate_variances(());
@@ -89,7 +89,11 @@ fn variances_of(tcx: TyCtxt<'_>, item_def_id: LocalDefId) -> &[ty::Variance] {
     }
 
     // Variance not relevant.
-    span_bug!(tcx.def_span(item_def_id), "asked to compute variance for wrong kind of item");
+    span_bug!(
+        tcx.def_span(item_def_id),
+        "asked to compute variance for {}",
+        kind.descr(item_def_id.to_def_id())
+    );
 }
 
 #[derive(Debug, Copy, Clone)]
diff --git a/compiler/rustc_metadata/src/rmeta/encoder.rs b/compiler/rustc_metadata/src/rmeta/encoder.rs
index 167122a9793ac..55bb984c5b69f 100644
--- a/compiler/rustc_metadata/src/rmeta/encoder.rs
+++ b/compiler/rustc_metadata/src/rmeta/encoder.rs
@@ -1099,7 +1099,6 @@ fn should_encode_variances<'tcx>(tcx: TyCtxt<'tcx>, def_id: DefId, def_kind: Def
         DefKind::Struct
         | DefKind::Union
         | DefKind::Enum
-        | DefKind::Variant
         | DefKind::OpaqueTy
         | DefKind::Fn
         | DefKind::Ctor(..)
@@ -1109,6 +1108,7 @@ fn should_encode_variances<'tcx>(tcx: TyCtxt<'tcx>, def_id: DefId, def_kind: Def
             matches!(tcx.opt_rpitit_info(def_id), Some(ty::ImplTraitInTraitData::Trait { .. }))
         }
         DefKind::Mod
+        | DefKind::Variant
         | DefKind::Field
         | DefKind::AssocConst
         | DefKind::TyParam
diff --git a/compiler/rustc_ty_utils/src/implied_bounds.rs b/compiler/rustc_ty_utils/src/implied_bounds.rs
index 088d5e76b8685..492a20a7d5b70 100644
--- a/compiler/rustc_ty_utils/src/implied_bounds.rs
+++ b/compiler/rustc_ty_utils/src/implied_bounds.rs
@@ -4,9 +4,9 @@ use rustc_data_structures::fx::FxHashMap;
 use rustc_hir as hir;
 use rustc_hir::def::DefKind;
 use rustc_hir::def_id::LocalDefId;
-use rustc_middle::bug;
 use rustc_middle::query::Providers;
 use rustc_middle::ty::{self, Ty, TyCtxt, fold_regions};
+use rustc_middle::{bug, span_bug};
 use rustc_span::Span;
 
 pub(crate) fn provide(providers: &mut Providers) {
@@ -21,7 +21,8 @@ pub(crate) fn provide(providers: &mut Providers) {
 }
 
 fn assumed_wf_types<'tcx>(tcx: TyCtxt<'tcx>, def_id: LocalDefId) -> &'tcx [(Ty<'tcx>, Span)] {
-    match tcx.def_kind(def_id) {
+    let kind = tcx.def_kind(def_id);
+    match kind {
         DefKind::Fn => {
             let sig = tcx.fn_sig(def_id).instantiate_identity();
             let liberated_sig = tcx.liberate_late_bound_regions(def_id.to_def_id(), sig);
@@ -121,32 +122,38 @@ fn assumed_wf_types<'tcx>(tcx: TyCtxt<'tcx>, def_id: LocalDefId) -> &'tcx [(Ty<'
             }
         }
         DefKind::AssocConst | DefKind::AssocTy => tcx.assumed_wf_types(tcx.local_parent(def_id)),
-        DefKind::OpaqueTy => bug!("implied bounds are not defined for opaques"),
-        DefKind::Mod
+        DefKind::Static { .. }
+        | DefKind::Const
+        | DefKind::AnonConst
+        | DefKind::InlineConst
         | DefKind::Struct
         | DefKind::Union
         | DefKind::Enum
-        | DefKind::Variant
         | DefKind::Trait
-        | DefKind::TyAlias
-        | DefKind::ForeignTy
         | DefKind::TraitAlias
+        | DefKind::TyAlias => ty::List::empty(),
+        DefKind::OpaqueTy
+        | DefKind::Mod
+        | DefKind::Variant
+        | DefKind::ForeignTy
         | DefKind::TyParam
-        | DefKind::Const
         | DefKind::ConstParam
-        | DefKind::Static { .. }
         | DefKind::Ctor(_, _)
         | DefKind::Macro(_)
         | DefKind::ExternCrate
         | DefKind::Use
         | DefKind::ForeignMod
-        | DefKind::AnonConst
-        | DefKind::InlineConst
         | DefKind::Field
         | DefKind::LifetimeParam
         | DefKind::GlobalAsm
         | DefKind::Closure
-        | DefKind::SyntheticCoroutineBody => ty::List::empty(),
+        | DefKind::SyntheticCoroutineBody => {
+            span_bug!(
+                tcx.def_span(def_id),
+                "`assumed_wf_types` not defined for {} `{def_id:?}`",
+                kind.descr(def_id.to_def_id())
+            );
+        }
     }
 }
 
diff --git a/compiler/rustc_ty_utils/src/opaque_types.rs b/compiler/rustc_ty_utils/src/opaque_types.rs
index 3aad97d86cca1..cd730aeeea900 100644
--- a/compiler/rustc_ty_utils/src/opaque_types.rs
+++ b/compiler/rustc_ty_utils/src/opaque_types.rs
@@ -3,10 +3,10 @@ use rustc_hir::def::DefKind;
 use rustc_hir::def_id::LocalDefId;
 use rustc_hir::intravisit;
 use rustc_hir::intravisit::Visitor;
-use rustc_middle::bug;
 use rustc_middle::query::Providers;
 use rustc_middle::ty::util::{CheckRegions, NotUniqueParam};
 use rustc_middle::ty::{self, Ty, TyCtxt, TypeSuperVisitable, TypeVisitable, TypeVisitor};
+use rustc_middle::{bug, span_bug};
 use rustc_span::Span;
 use tracing::{instrument, trace};
 
@@ -320,9 +320,12 @@ fn opaque_types_defined_by<'tcx>(
         | DefKind::AnonConst => {
             collector.collect_taits_declared_in_body();
         }
+        // Closures and coroutines are type checked with their parent
+        DefKind::Closure | DefKind::InlineConst => {
+            collector.opaques.extend(tcx.opaque_types_defined_by(tcx.local_parent(item)));
+        }
+        DefKind::AssocTy | DefKind::TyAlias | DefKind::GlobalAsm => {}
         DefKind::OpaqueTy
-        | DefKind::TyAlias
-        | DefKind::AssocTy
         | DefKind::Mod
         | DefKind::Struct
         | DefKind::Union
@@ -340,12 +343,13 @@ fn opaque_types_defined_by<'tcx>(
         | DefKind::ForeignMod
         | DefKind::Field
         | DefKind::LifetimeParam
-        | DefKind::GlobalAsm
         | DefKind::Impl { .. }
-        | DefKind::SyntheticCoroutineBody => {}
-        // Closures and coroutines are type checked with their parent
-        DefKind::Closure | DefKind::InlineConst => {
-            collector.opaques.extend(tcx.opaque_types_defined_by(tcx.local_parent(item)));
+        | DefKind::SyntheticCoroutineBody => {
+            span_bug!(
+                tcx.def_span(item),
+                "`opaque_types_defined_by` not defined for {} `{item:?}`",
+                kind.descr(item.to_def_id())
+            );
         }
     }
     tcx.mk_local_def_ids(&collector.opaques)
diff --git a/compiler/rustc_ty_utils/src/sig_types.rs b/compiler/rustc_ty_utils/src/sig_types.rs
index 5bb96f90029ae..dc6009116ac57 100644
--- a/compiler/rustc_ty_utils/src/sig_types.rs
+++ b/compiler/rustc_ty_utils/src/sig_types.rs
@@ -116,7 +116,7 @@ pub fn walk_types<'tcx, V: SpannedTypeVisitor<'tcx>>(
                 "{kind:?} has not seen any uses of `walk_types` yet, ping oli-obk if you'd like any help"
             )
         }
-        // These don't have any types.
+        // These don't have any types, but are visited during privacy checking.
         | DefKind::ExternCrate
         | DefKind::ForeignMod
         | DefKind::ForeignTy