diff --git a/.changeset/tidy-pets-tan.md b/.changeset/tidy-pets-tan.md
new file mode 100644
index 000000000000..33b391d8cae1
--- /dev/null
+++ b/.changeset/tidy-pets-tan.md
@@ -0,0 +1,10 @@
+---
+'@sveltejs/adapter-cloudflare': patch
+'@sveltejs/adapter-cloudflare-workers': patch
+'@sveltejs/adapter-netlify': patch
+'@sveltejs/adapter-node': patch
+'@sveltejs/adapter-vercel': patch
+'@sveltejs/kit': patch
+---
+
+[breaking] do a single bundling with Vite making esbuild optional
diff --git a/documentation/docs/10-adapters.md b/documentation/docs/10-adapters.md
index b9386f98f737..a412448cf30b 100644
--- a/documentation/docs/10-adapters.md
+++ b/documentation/docs/10-adapters.md
@@ -74,6 +74,7 @@ export default function (options) {
 	/** @type {import('@sveltejs/kit').Adapter} */
 	return {
 		name: 'adapter-package-name',
+		serverEntryPoint: 'adapter-package-name/entry',
 		async adapt({ utils, config }) {
 			// adapter implementation
 		}
diff --git a/documentation/docs/14-configuration.md b/documentation/docs/14-configuration.md
index adf55fa9ecd5..9a2564fad5ba 100644
--- a/documentation/docs/14-configuration.md
+++ b/documentation/docs/14-configuration.md
@@ -47,6 +47,7 @@ const config = {
 			onError: 'fail'
 		},
 		router: true,
+		serverEntryPoint: null,
 		serviceWorker: {
 			files: (filepath) => !/\.DS_STORE/.test(filepath)
 		},
@@ -195,6 +196,10 @@ See [Prerendering](#ssr-and-javascript-prerender). An object containing zero or
 
 Enables or disables the client-side [router](#ssr-and-javascript-router) app-wide.
 
+### serverEntryPoint
+
+A file path to a custom entry point for the server. Passed to `vite.build.rollupOptions.input`. See [the Rollup docs](https://rollupjs.org/guide/en/#input) for more info.
+
 ### serviceWorker
 
 An object containing zero or more of the following values:
diff --git a/documentation/docs/80-adapter-api.md b/documentation/docs/80-adapter-api.md
new file mode 100644
index 000000000000..8a8d15184dab
--- /dev/null
+++ b/documentation/docs/80-adapter-api.md
@@ -0,0 +1,38 @@
+---
+title: Writing an Adapter
+---
+
+We recommend [looking at the source for an adapter](https://github.com/sveltejs/kit/tree/master/packages) to a platform similar to yours and copying it as a starting point.
+
+Adapters packages must implement the following API, which creates an `Adapter`:
+
+```js
+/** @param {AdapterSpecificOptions} options */
+export default function (options) {
+	/** @type {import('@sveltejs/kit').Adapter} */
+	return {
+		name: 'adapter-package-name',
+		serverEntryPoint: 'adapter-package-name/entry',
+		async adapt({ utils, config }) {
+			// adapter implementation
+		}
+	};
+}
+```
+
+The types for `Adapter` and its parameters are available in [types/config.d.ts](https://github.com/sveltejs/kit/blob/master/packages/kit/types/config.d.ts).
+
+Within the `adapt` method, there are a number of things that an adapter should do:
+
+- Clear out the build directory
+- Output code that:
+  - Calls `init`
+  - Converts from the platform's request to a [SvelteKit request](#hooks-handle), calls `render`, and converts from a [SvelteKit response](#hooks-handle) to the platform's
+  - Globally shims `fetch` to work on the target platform. SvelteKit provides a `@sveltejs/kit/install-fetch` helper for platforms that can use `node-fetch`
+- Bundle the output to avoid needing to install dependencies on the target platform, if desired
+- Call `utils.prerender`
+- Put the user's static files and the generated JS/CSS in the correct location for the target platform
+
+If possible, we recommend putting the adapter output under the `build/` directory with any intermediate output placed under `'.svelte-kit/' + adapterName`.
+
+> The adapter API may change before 1.0.
diff --git a/examples/hn.svelte.dev/svelte.config.js b/examples/hn.svelte.dev/svelte.config.js
index 35c263652b6d..93fe72421572 100644
--- a/examples/hn.svelte.dev/svelte.config.js
+++ b/examples/hn.svelte.dev/svelte.config.js
@@ -1,8 +1,8 @@
-import netlify from '@sveltejs/adapter-netlify';
+import adapter from '@sveltejs/adapter-netlify';
 
 export default {
 	kit: {
-		adapter: netlify(),
+		adapter: adapter(),
 		target: '#svelte'
 	}
 };
diff --git a/packages/adapter-cloudflare-workers/files/entry.js b/packages/adapter-cloudflare-workers/files/entry.js
index f7a7e397a620..32fd01edef5a 100644
--- a/packages/adapter-cloudflare-workers/files/entry.js
+++ b/packages/adapter-cloudflare-workers/files/entry.js
@@ -1,5 +1,6 @@
-// TODO hardcoding the relative location makes this brittle
-import { init, render } from '../output/server/app.js';
+// $server-build doesn't exist until the app is built
+// @ts-expect-error
+import { init, render } from '$server-build';
 import { getAssetFromKV, NotFoundError } from '@cloudflare/kv-asset-handler';
 
 init();
diff --git a/packages/adapter-cloudflare-workers/index.js b/packages/adapter-cloudflare-workers/index.js
index 91909812030d..b4cb997ac38c 100644
--- a/packages/adapter-cloudflare-workers/index.js
+++ b/packages/adapter-cloudflare-workers/index.js
@@ -12,6 +12,7 @@ import { fileURLToPath } from 'url';
 export default function (options) {
 	return {
 		name: '@sveltejs/adapter-cloudflare-workers',
+		serverEntryPoint: '@sveltejs/adapter-cloudflare-workers/entry',
 
 		async adapt({ utils }) {
 			const { site } = validate_config(utils);
diff --git a/packages/adapter-cloudflare-workers/package.json b/packages/adapter-cloudflare-workers/package.json
index c520f6224456..cf480a99e4e9 100644
--- a/packages/adapter-cloudflare-workers/package.json
+++ b/packages/adapter-cloudflare-workers/package.json
@@ -12,6 +12,9 @@
 		".": {
 			"import": "./index.js"
 		},
+		"./entry": {
+			"import": "./files/entry.js"
+		},
 		"./package.json": "./package.json"
 	},
 	"main": "index.js",
diff --git a/packages/adapter-cloudflare/files/worker.js b/packages/adapter-cloudflare/files/worker.js
index 8378d9f5add7..4be760cc5d08 100644
--- a/packages/adapter-cloudflare/files/worker.js
+++ b/packages/adapter-cloudflare/files/worker.js
@@ -1,5 +1,7 @@
 /* global ASSETS */
-import { init, render } from '../output/server/app.js';
+// $server-build doesn't exist until the app is built
+// @ts-expect-error
+import { init, render } from '$server-build';
 
 init();
 
diff --git a/packages/adapter-cloudflare/index.js b/packages/adapter-cloudflare/index.js
index c0fa58184f96..43fa62975d9e 100644
--- a/packages/adapter-cloudflare/index.js
+++ b/packages/adapter-cloudflare/index.js
@@ -9,6 +9,7 @@ import * as esbuild from 'esbuild';
 export default function (options = {}) {
 	return {
 		name: '@sveltejs/adapter-cloudflare',
+		serverEntryPoint: '@sveltejs/adapter-cloudflare/entry',
 		async adapt({ utils, config }) {
 			const files = fileURLToPath(new URL('./files', import.meta.url));
 			const target_dir = join(process.cwd(), '.svelte-kit', 'cloudflare');
diff --git a/packages/adapter-cloudflare/package.json b/packages/adapter-cloudflare/package.json
index 4aa80bbc648a..aedc5b37467c 100644
--- a/packages/adapter-cloudflare/package.json
+++ b/packages/adapter-cloudflare/package.json
@@ -12,6 +12,9 @@
 		".": {
 			"import": "./index.js"
 		},
+		"./entry": {
+			"import": "./files/worker.js"
+		},
 		"./package.json": "./package.json"
 	},
 	"types": "index.d.ts",
diff --git a/packages/adapter-netlify/README.md b/packages/adapter-netlify/README.md
index ba5276100a32..5df1de7bc202 100644
--- a/packages/adapter-netlify/README.md
+++ b/packages/adapter-netlify/README.md
@@ -66,38 +66,6 @@ During compilation a required "catch all" redirect rule is automatically appende
   node_bundler = "esbuild"
 ```
 
-## Advanced Configuration
-
-### esbuild
-
-As an escape hatch, you may optionally specify a function which will receive the final esbuild options generated by this adapter and returns a modified esbuild configuration. The result of this function will be passed as-is to esbuild. The function can be async.
-
-For example, you may wish to add a plugin:
-
-```js
-adapterNetlify({
-	esbuild(defaultOptions) {
-		return {
-			...defaultOptions,
-			plugins: []
-		};
-	}
-});
-```
-
-The default options for this version are as follows:
-
-```js
-{
-	entryPoints: ['.svelte-kit/netlify/entry.js'],
-	// This is Netlify's internal functions directory, not the one for user functions.
-	outfile: '.netlify/functions-internal/__render.js',
-	bundle: true,
-	inject: ['pathTo/shims.js'],
-	platform: 'node'
-}
-```
-
 ## Changelog
 
 [The Changelog for this package is available on GitHub](https://github.com/sveltejs/kit/blob/master/packages/adapter-netlify/CHANGELOG.md).
diff --git a/packages/adapter-netlify/files/entry.js b/packages/adapter-netlify/files/entry.js
index ebf337948a90..01925eea4aca 100644
--- a/packages/adapter-netlify/files/entry.js
+++ b/packages/adapter-netlify/files/entry.js
@@ -1,5 +1,7 @@
-// TODO hardcoding the relative location makes this brittle
-import { init, render } from '../output/server/app.js';
+import '@sveltejs/kit/install-fetch';
+// $server-build doesn't exist until the app is built
+// @ts-expect-error
+import { init, render } from '$server-build';
 
 init();
 
diff --git a/packages/adapter-netlify/files/shims.js b/packages/adapter-netlify/files/shims.js
deleted file mode 100644
index cd9f71d6863c..000000000000
--- a/packages/adapter-netlify/files/shims.js
+++ /dev/null
@@ -1 +0,0 @@
-export { fetch, Response, Request, Headers } from '@sveltejs/kit/install-fetch';
diff --git a/packages/adapter-netlify/index.js b/packages/adapter-netlify/index.js
index 2368d0f2d1cd..dcc3062dbceb 100644
--- a/packages/adapter-netlify/index.js
+++ b/packages/adapter-netlify/index.js
@@ -1,17 +1,12 @@
-import { appendFileSync, existsSync, readFileSync, writeFileSync } from 'fs';
+import { appendFileSync, existsSync, readFileSync } from 'fs';
 import { join, resolve } from 'path';
-import { fileURLToPath } from 'url';
-import esbuild from 'esbuild';
 import toml from '@iarna/toml';
 
-/**
- * @typedef {import('esbuild').BuildOptions} BuildOptions
- */
-
 /** @type {import('.')} */
-export default function (options) {
+export default function () {
 	return {
 		name: '@sveltejs/adapter-netlify',
+		serverEntryPoint: '@sveltejs/adapter-netlify/entry',
 
 		async adapt({ utils }) {
 			// "build" is the default publish directory when Netlify detects SvelteKit
@@ -21,28 +16,9 @@ export default function (options) {
 
 			utils.rimraf(publish);
 
-			const files = fileURLToPath(new URL('./files', import.meta.url));
-
 			utils.log.minor('Generating serverless function...');
-			utils.copy(join(files, 'entry.js'), '.svelte-kit/netlify/entry.js');
-
-			/** @type {BuildOptions} */
-			const default_options = {
-				entryPoints: ['.svelte-kit/netlify/entry.js'],
-				// Any functions in ".netlify/functions-internal" are bundled in addition to user-defined Netlify functions.
-				// See https://github.com/netlify/build/pull/3213 for more details
-				outfile: '.netlify/functions-internal/__render.js',
-				bundle: true,
-				inject: [join(files, 'shims.js')],
-				platform: 'node'
-			};
-
-			const build_options =
-				options && options.esbuild ? await options.esbuild(default_options) : default_options;
-
-			await esbuild.build(build_options);
-
-			writeFileSync(join('.netlify', 'package.json'), JSON.stringify({ type: 'commonjs' }));
+			utils.copy('.svelte-kit/output/server/index.js', '.netlify/functions-internal/__render.js');
+			utils.copy('.svelte-kit/output/server/chunks', '.netlify/functions-internal/chunks');
 
 			utils.log.minor('Prerendering static pages...');
 			await utils.prerender({
diff --git a/packages/adapter-netlify/package.json b/packages/adapter-netlify/package.json
index 4532986184f1..b058a1554b07 100644
--- a/packages/adapter-netlify/package.json
+++ b/packages/adapter-netlify/package.json
@@ -12,6 +12,9 @@
 		".": {
 			"import": "./index.js"
 		},
+		"./entry": {
+			"import": "./files/entry.js"
+		},
 		"./package.json": "./package.json"
 	},
 	"main": "index.js",
@@ -26,8 +29,7 @@
 		"check-format": "prettier --check . --config ../../.prettierrc --ignore-path .gitignore"
 	},
 	"dependencies": {
-		"@iarna/toml": "^2.2.5",
-		"esbuild": "^0.13.4"
+		"@iarna/toml": "^2.2.5"
 	},
 	"devDependencies": {
 		"@sveltejs/kit": "workspace:*"
diff --git a/packages/adapter-node/README.md b/packages/adapter-node/README.md
index 608f9aed0919..19e1b2784200 100644
--- a/packages/adapter-node/README.md
+++ b/packages/adapter-node/README.md
@@ -15,21 +15,13 @@ export default {
 		adapter: adapter({
 			// default options are shown
 			out: 'build',
-			precompress: false,
-			env: {
-				host: 'HOST',
-				port: 'PORT'
-			}
+			precompress: false
 		})
 	}
 };
 ```
 
-## Options
-
-### entryPoint
-
-The server entry point. Allows you to provide a [custom server implementation](#middleware). Defaults to the provided reference server.
+## Build Options
 
 ### out
 
@@ -39,7 +31,9 @@ The directory to build the server to. It defaults to `build` — i.e. `node buil
 
 Enables precompressing using gzip and brotli for assets and prerendered pages. It defaults to `false`.
 
-### env
+## Runtime Options
+
+### Environment variables
 
 By default, the server will accept connections on `0.0.0.0` using port 3000. These can be customised with the `PORT` and `HOST` environment variables:
 
@@ -47,24 +41,13 @@ By default, the server will accept connections on `0.0.0.0` using port 3000. The
 HOST=127.0.0.1 PORT=4000 node build
 ```
 
-You can specify different environment variables if necessary using the `env` option:
-
-```js
-env: {
-	host: 'MY_HOST_VARIABLE',
-	port: 'MY_PORT_VARIABLE'
-}
-```
-
-```
-MY_HOST_VARIABLE=127.0.0.1 MY_PORT_VARIABLE=4000 node build
-```
+You can also specify `SOCKET_PATH` if you'd like to use a Unix domain socket or Windows named pipe.
 
 ## Middleware
 
 The adapter exports a middleware `(req, res, next) => {}` that's compatible with [Express](https://github.com/expressjs/expressjs.com) / [Connect](https://github.com/senchalabs/connect) / [Polka](https://github.com/lukeed/polka). Additionally, it also exports a reference server implementation using this middleware with a plain Node HTTP server.
 
-But you can use your favorite server framework to combine it with other middleware and server logic. You can import `kitMiddleware`, your ready-to-use SvelteKit middleware from the `build` directory. You can use [the `entryPoint` option](#entryPoint) to bundle your custom server entry point.
+But you can use your favorite server framework to combine it with other middleware and server logic. You can import `kitMiddleware`, your ready-to-use SvelteKit middleware from the `build` directory. You can use [the `serverEntryPoint` option](https://kit.svelte.dev/docs#configuration-serverentrypoint) to bundle your custom server entry point.
 
 ```js
 // src/server.js
@@ -94,43 +77,6 @@ app.listen(3000);
 
 For using middleware in dev mode, [see the FAQ](https://kit.svelte.dev/faq#how-do-i-use-x-with-sveltekit-how-do-i-use-middleware).
 
-## Advanced Configuration
-
-### esbuild
-
-As an escape hatch, you may optionally specify a function which will receive the final esbuild options generated by this adapter and returns a modified esbuild configuration. The result of this function will be passed as-is to esbuild. The function can be async.
-
-For example, you may wish to add a plugin:
-
-```js
-adapterNode({
-	esbuild(defaultOptions) {
-		return {
-			...defaultOptions,
-			plugins: []
-		};
-	}
-});
-```
-
-The default options for this version are as follows:
-
-```js
-{
-	entryPoints: ['.svelte-kit/node/index.js'],
-	outfile: 'pathTo/index.js',
-	bundle: true,
-	external: allProductionDependencies, // from package.json
-	format: 'esm',
-	platform: 'node',
-	target: 'node14',
-	inject: ['pathTo/shims.js'],
-	define: {
-		esbuild_app_dir: `"${config.kit.appDir}"`
-	}
-}
-```
-
 ## Deploying
 
 You will need the output directory (`build` by default), the project's `package.json`, and the production dependencies in `node_modules` to run the application. Production dependencies can be generated with `npm ci --prod`, you can also skip this step if your app doesn't have any dependencies. You can then start your app with
diff --git a/packages/adapter-node/index.js b/packages/adapter-node/index.js
index 3d2b258fb6a7..329407967ed0 100644
--- a/packages/adapter-node/index.js
+++ b/packages/adapter-node/index.js
@@ -1,112 +1,32 @@
-import esbuild from 'esbuild';
-import {
-	createReadStream,
-	createWriteStream,
-	existsSync,
-	readFileSync,
-	statSync,
-	writeFileSync
-} from 'fs';
-import { join, resolve } from 'path';
+import { createReadStream, createWriteStream, existsSync, statSync } from 'fs';
+import { join } from 'path';
 import { pipeline } from 'stream';
 import glob from 'tiny-glob';
-import { fileURLToPath } from 'url';
 import { promisify } from 'util';
 import zlib from 'zlib';
 
 const pipe = promisify(pipeline);
 
-/**
- * @typedef {import('esbuild').BuildOptions} BuildOptions
- */
-
 /** @type {import('.')} */
-export default function ({
-	entryPoint = '.svelte-kit/node/index.js',
-	out = 'build',
-	precompress,
-	env: { path: path_env = 'SOCKET_PATH', host: host_env = 'HOST', port: port_env = 'PORT' } = {},
-	esbuild: esbuild_config
-} = {}) {
+export default function ({ out = 'build', precompress } = {}) {
 	return {
 		name: '@sveltejs/adapter-node',
+		serverEntryPoint: '@sveltejs/adapter-node/entry',
 
-		async adapt({ utils, config }) {
+		async adapt({ utils }) {
 			utils.rimraf(out);
 
 			utils.log.minor('Copying assets');
 			const static_directory = join(out, 'assets');
 			utils.copy_client_files(static_directory);
 			utils.copy_static_files(static_directory);
+			utils.copy('.svelte-kit/output/server/', out);
 
 			if (precompress) {
 				utils.log.minor('Compressing assets');
 				await compress(static_directory);
 			}
 
-			utils.log.minor('Building SvelteKit middleware');
-			const files = fileURLToPath(new URL('./files', import.meta.url));
-			utils.copy(files, '.svelte-kit/node');
-			writeFileSync(
-				'.svelte-kit/node/env.js',
-				`export const path = process.env[${JSON.stringify(
-					path_env
-				)}] || false;\nexport const host = process.env[${JSON.stringify(
-					host_env
-				)}] || '0.0.0.0';\nexport const port = process.env[${JSON.stringify(
-					port_env
-				)}] || (!path && 3000);`
-			);
-
-			/** @type {BuildOptions} */
-			const defaultOptions = {
-				entryPoints: ['.svelte-kit/node/middlewares.js'],
-				outfile: join(out, 'middlewares.js'),
-				bundle: true,
-				external: Object.keys(JSON.parse(readFileSync('package.json', 'utf8')).dependencies || {}),
-				format: 'esm',
-				platform: 'node',
-				target: 'node14',
-				inject: [join(files, 'shims.js')],
-				define: {
-					APP_DIR: `"/${config.kit.appDir}/"`
-				}
-			};
-			const build_options = esbuild_config ? await esbuild_config(defaultOptions) : defaultOptions;
-			await esbuild.build(build_options);
-
-			utils.log.minor('Building SvelteKit server');
-			/** @type {BuildOptions} */
-			const default_options_ref_server = {
-				entryPoints: [entryPoint],
-				outfile: join(out, 'index.js'),
-				bundle: true,
-				format: 'esm',
-				platform: 'node',
-				target: 'node14',
-				// external exclude workaround, see https://github.com/evanw/esbuild/issues/514
-				plugins: [
-					{
-						name: 'fix-middlewares-exclude',
-						setup(build) {
-							// Match an import of "middlewares.js" and mark it as external
-							const internal_middlewares_path = resolve('.svelte-kit/node/middlewares.js');
-							const build_middlewares_path = resolve(out, 'middlewares.js');
-							build.onResolve({ filter: /\/middlewares\.js$/ }, ({ path, resolveDir }) => {
-								const resolved = resolve(resolveDir, path);
-								if (resolved === internal_middlewares_path || resolved === build_middlewares_path) {
-									return { path: './middlewares.js', external: true };
-								}
-							});
-						}
-					}
-				]
-			};
-			const build_options_ref_server = esbuild_config
-				? await esbuild_config(default_options_ref_server)
-				: default_options_ref_server;
-			await esbuild.build(build_options_ref_server);
-
 			utils.log.minor('Prerendering static pages');
 			await utils.prerender({
 				dest: `${out}/prerendered`
diff --git a/packages/adapter-node/package.json b/packages/adapter-node/package.json
index 3ae847e861ce..d621b4fc7c8e 100644
--- a/packages/adapter-node/package.json
+++ b/packages/adapter-node/package.json
@@ -8,18 +8,20 @@
 	},
 	"homepage": "https://kit.svelte.dev",
 	"type": "module",
+	"main": "index.js",
+	"types": "index.d.ts",
 	"exports": {
 		".": {
 			"import": "./index.js"
 		},
+		"./entry": {
+			"import": "./files/index.js"
+		},
+		"./middlewares": {
+			"import": "./files/middlewares.js"
+		},
 		"./package.json": "./package.json"
 	},
-	"main": "index.js",
-	"types": "index.d.ts",
-	"files": [
-		"files",
-		"index.d.ts"
-	],
 	"scripts": {
 		"dev": "rollup -cw",
 		"build": "rollup -c",
@@ -30,7 +32,6 @@
 		"prepublishOnly": "npm run build"
 	},
 	"dependencies": {
-		"esbuild": "^0.13.4",
 		"tiny-glob": "^0.2.9"
 	},
 	"devDependencies": {
diff --git a/packages/adapter-node/rollup.config.js b/packages/adapter-node/rollup.config.js
index 619756ee6c1e..6e247d4a31e1 100644
--- a/packages/adapter-node/rollup.config.js
+++ b/packages/adapter-node/rollup.config.js
@@ -11,7 +11,7 @@ export default [
 			sourcemap: true
 		},
 		plugins: [nodeResolve(), commonjs(), json()],
-		external: ['../output/server/app.js', ...require('module').builtinModules]
+		external: ['$server-build', ...require('module').builtinModules]
 	},
 	{
 		input: 'src/index.js',
@@ -21,14 +21,6 @@ export default [
 			sourcemap: true
 		},
 		plugins: [nodeResolve(), commonjs(), json()],
-		external: ['./middlewares.js', './env.js', ...require('module').builtinModules]
-	},
-	{
-		input: 'src/shims.js',
-		output: {
-			file: 'files/shims.js',
-			format: 'esm'
-		},
-		external: ['module']
+		external: ['./middlewares.js', '$server-build', ...require('module').builtinModules]
 	}
 ];
diff --git a/packages/adapter-node/src/index.js b/packages/adapter-node/src/index.js
index b8e807ea8450..fb01c83bf8ca 100644
--- a/packages/adapter-node/src/index.js
+++ b/packages/adapter-node/src/index.js
@@ -1,21 +1,23 @@
-// @ts-ignore
-import { path, host, port } from './env.js';
-import { assetsMiddleware, kitMiddleware, prerenderedMiddleware } from './middlewares.js';
+import '@sveltejs/kit/install-fetch';
+import { assetsMiddleware, kitMiddleware, prerenderedMiddleware } from './middlewares';
 import compression from 'compression';
 import polka from 'polka';
 
+// options
+const path = process.env['SOCKET_PATH'] || false;
+const host = process.env['HOST'] || '0.0.0.0';
+const port = process.env['PORT'] || (!path && 3000);
+
 const server = polka().use(
 	// https://github.com/lukeed/polka/issues/173
-	// @ts-ignore - nothing we can do about so just ignore it
+	// @ts-expect-error - nothing we can do about so just ignore it
 	compression({ threshold: 0 }),
 	assetsMiddleware,
 	kitMiddleware,
 	prerenderedMiddleware
 );
 
-const listenOpts = { path, host, port };
-
-server.listen(listenOpts, () => {
+server.listen({ path, host, port }, () => {
 	console.log(`Listening on ${path ? path : host + ':' + port}`);
 });
 
diff --git a/packages/adapter-node/src/middlewares.js b/packages/adapter-node/src/middlewares.js
index ba4ee030244d..7641e7623729 100644
--- a/packages/adapter-node/src/middlewares.js
+++ b/packages/adapter-node/src/middlewares.js
@@ -1,8 +1,6 @@
-// TODO hardcoding the relative location makes this brittle
-// Also, we need most of the logic in another file for testing because
-// ../output/server/app.js doesn't exist when we run the tests
-// @ts-ignore
-import { init, render } from '../output/server/app.js';
+// $server-build doesn't exist until the app is built
+// @ts-expect-error
+import { init, render } from '$server-build';
 import { create_kit_middleware } from './kit-middleware.js';
 
 import fs from 'fs';
diff --git a/packages/adapter-node/src/shims.js b/packages/adapter-node/src/shims.js
deleted file mode 100644
index 839b2dd5b108..000000000000
--- a/packages/adapter-node/src/shims.js
+++ /dev/null
@@ -1,9 +0,0 @@
-import { createRequire } from 'module';
-export { fetch, Response, Request, Headers } from '@sveltejs/kit/install-fetch';
-
-// esbuild automatically renames "require"
-// So we still have to use Object.defineProperty here
-Object.defineProperty(globalThis, 'require', {
-	enumerable: true,
-	value: createRequire(import.meta.url)
-});
diff --git a/packages/adapter-vercel/files/entry.js b/packages/adapter-vercel/files/entry.js
index 35d6e3170a7c..b1b50f568ea9 100644
--- a/packages/adapter-vercel/files/entry.js
+++ b/packages/adapter-vercel/files/entry.js
@@ -1,7 +1,8 @@
-import { getRawBody } from '@sveltejs/kit/node';
+// $server-build doesn't exist until the app is built
+// @ts-expect-error
+import { init, render } from '$server-build';
 
-// TODO hardcoding the relative location makes this brittle
-import { init, render } from '../output/server/app.js';
+import { getRawBody } from '@sveltejs/kit/node';
 
 init();
 
diff --git a/packages/adapter-vercel/index.js b/packages/adapter-vercel/index.js
index d5c53689f143..d283b8f869ae 100644
--- a/packages/adapter-vercel/index.js
+++ b/packages/adapter-vercel/index.js
@@ -11,6 +11,7 @@ import esbuild from 'esbuild';
 export default function (options) {
 	return {
 		name: '@sveltejs/adapter-vercel',
+		serverEntryPoint: '@sveltejs/adapter-vercel/entry',
 
 		async adapt({ utils }) {
 			const dir = '.vercel_build_output';
diff --git a/packages/adapter-vercel/package.json b/packages/adapter-vercel/package.json
index 652b600d8adc..8561a90c890a 100644
--- a/packages/adapter-vercel/package.json
+++ b/packages/adapter-vercel/package.json
@@ -12,6 +12,9 @@
 		".": {
 			"import": "./index.js"
 		},
+		"./entry": {
+			"import": "./files/entry.js"
+		},
 		"./package.json": "./package.json"
 	},
 	"main": "index.js",
diff --git a/packages/kit/src/core/adapt/prerender.js b/packages/kit/src/core/adapt/prerender.js
index 00458476c342..4ff6a7d9fab8 100644
--- a/packages/kit/src/core/adapt/prerender.js
+++ b/packages/kit/src/core/adapt/prerender.js
@@ -2,7 +2,7 @@ import { readFileSync, writeFileSync } from 'fs';
 import { dirname, join, resolve as resolve_path } from 'path';
 import { pathToFileURL, resolve, URL } from 'url';
 import { mkdirp } from '../../utils/filesystem.js';
-import { __fetch_polyfill } from '../../install-fetch.js';
+import '../../install-fetch.js';
 import { SVELTE_KIT } from '../constants.js';
 import { get_single_valued_header } from '../../utils/http.js';
 
@@ -99,8 +99,6 @@ export async function prerender({ cwd, out, log, config, build_data, fallback, a
 		return [];
 	}
 
-	__fetch_polyfill();
-
 	const dir = resolve_path(cwd, `${SVELTE_KIT}/output`);
 
 	const seen = new Set();
diff --git a/packages/kit/src/core/build/index.js b/packages/kit/src/core/build/index.js
index 666a2c42362c..7767fad71cc5 100644
--- a/packages/kit/src/core/build/index.js
+++ b/packages/kit/src/core/build/index.js
@@ -1,13 +1,11 @@
+import { svelte } from '@sveltejs/vite-plugin-svelte';
 import fs from 'fs';
 import path from 'path';
-
-import { svelte } from '@sveltejs/vite-plugin-svelte';
 import glob from 'tiny-glob/sync.js';
 import vite from 'vite';
 
 import { rimraf } from '../../utils/filesystem.js';
 import { deep_merge } from '../../utils/object.js';
-
 import { print_config_conflicts } from '../config/index.js';
 import { create_app } from '../create_app/index.js';
 import create_manifest_data from '../create_manifest_data/index.js';
@@ -26,7 +24,11 @@ const s = (value) => JSON.stringify(value);
  * @returns {Promise<import('types/internal').BuildData>}
  */
 export async function build(config, { cwd = process.cwd(), runtime = '@sveltejs/kit/ssr' } = {}) {
-	const build_dir = path.resolve(cwd, `${SVELTE_KIT}/build`);
+	// TODO: build and output are confusing names because they're synonyms
+	// rename build to intermediate or generated or something clearer
+
+	const raw_build_dir = `${SVELTE_KIT}/build`;
+	const build_dir = path.resolve(cwd, raw_build_dir);
 
 	rimraf(build_dir);
 
@@ -47,7 +49,7 @@ export async function build(config, { cwd = process.cwd(), runtime = '@sveltejs/
 			cwd
 		}),
 		output_dir,
-		client_entry_file: `${SVELTE_KIT}/build/runtime/internal/start.js`,
+		client_entry_file: `${raw_build_dir}/runtime/internal/start.js`,
 		service_worker_entry_file: resolve_entry(config.kit.files.serviceWorker)
 	};
 
@@ -219,12 +221,10 @@ async function build_server(
 ) {
 	let hooks_file = resolve_entry(config.kit.files.hooks);
 	if (!hooks_file || !fs.existsSync(hooks_file)) {
-		hooks_file = path.resolve(cwd, `${SVELTE_KIT}/build/hooks.js`);
+		hooks_file = path.resolve(build_dir, 'hooks.js');
 		fs.writeFileSync(hooks_file, '');
 	}
 
-	const app_file = `${build_dir}/app.js`;
-
 	/** @type {(file: string) => string} */
 	const app_relative = (file) => {
 		const relative_file = path.relative(build_dir, path.resolve(cwd, file));
@@ -287,6 +287,8 @@ async function build_server(
 
 	find_deps(client_entry_file, entry_js, entry_css);
 
+	const app_file = `${build_dir}/app.js`;
+
 	// prettier-ignore
 	fs.writeFileSync(
 		app_file,
@@ -441,6 +443,7 @@ async function build_server(
 		build: {
 			target: 'es2020'
 		},
+		// TODO: remove after https://github.com/vitejs/vite/pull/5341 is merged and released
 		server: {
 			fs: {
 				strict: true
@@ -451,6 +454,17 @@ async function build_server(
 	// don't warn on overriding defaults
 	const [modified_vite_config] = deep_merge(default_config, vite_config);
 
+	const serverEntryPoint = config.kit?.serverEntryPoint ?? config.kit?.adapter?.serverEntryPoint;
+	/**
+	 * @type {{ app:string, index?:string }}
+	 */
+	const input = {
+		app: app_file
+	};
+	if (serverEntryPoint) {
+		input.index = serverEntryPoint;
+	}
+
 	/** @type {[any, string[]]} */
 	const [merged_config, conflicts] = deep_merge(modified_vite_config, {
 		configFile: false,
@@ -461,9 +475,7 @@ async function build_server(
 			outDir: `${output_dir}/server`,
 			polyfillDynamicImport: false,
 			rollupOptions: {
-				input: {
-					app: app_file
-				},
+				input,
 				output: {
 					format: 'esm',
 					entryFileNames: '[name].js',
@@ -481,8 +493,12 @@ async function build_server(
 				}
 			})
 		],
+		define: {
+			APP_DIR: `"/${config.kit.appDir}/"`
+		},
 		resolve: {
 			alias: {
+				'$server-build': path.resolve(`${build_dir}/app.js`),
 				$app: path.resolve(`${build_dir}/runtime/app`),
 				$lib: config.kit.files.lib
 			}
diff --git a/packages/kit/src/core/config/index.spec.js b/packages/kit/src/core/config/index.spec.js
index 2707b6133c2d..4fd1f113f10b 100644
--- a/packages/kit/src/core/config/index.spec.js
+++ b/packages/kit/src/core/config/index.spec.js
@@ -50,6 +50,7 @@ test('fills in defaults', () => {
 				pages: undefined
 			},
 			router: true,
+			serverEntryPoint: null,
 			ssr: true,
 			target: null,
 			trailingSlash: 'never'
@@ -150,6 +151,7 @@ test('fills in partial blanks', () => {
 				pages: undefined
 			},
 			router: true,
+			serverEntryPoint: null,
 			ssr: true,
 			target: null,
 			trailingSlash: 'never'
diff --git a/packages/kit/src/core/config/options.js b/packages/kit/src/core/config/options.js
index 1a76bb14e113..6510c0ea8159 100644
--- a/packages/kit/src/core/config/options.js
+++ b/packages/kit/src/core/config/options.js
@@ -161,6 +161,8 @@ const options = object(
 
 			router: boolean(true),
 
+			serverEntryPoint: string(null),
+
 			serviceWorker: object({
 				files: fun((filename) => !/\.DS_STORE/.test(filename))
 			}),
diff --git a/packages/kit/src/core/config/test/index.js b/packages/kit/src/core/config/test/index.js
index 57d966c14909..4e76a987ae67 100644
--- a/packages/kit/src/core/config/test/index.js
+++ b/packages/kit/src/core/config/test/index.js
@@ -52,6 +52,7 @@ async function testLoadDefaultConfig(path) {
 				pages: undefined
 			},
 			router: true,
+			serverEntryPoint: null,
 			ssr: true,
 			target: null,
 			trailingSlash: 'never'
diff --git a/packages/kit/src/core/dev/index.js b/packages/kit/src/core/dev/index.js
index 11e247c3b1fb..411806db1c9f 100644
--- a/packages/kit/src/core/dev/index.js
+++ b/packages/kit/src/core/dev/index.js
@@ -12,7 +12,7 @@ import vite from 'vite';
 import { respond } from '../../runtime/server/index.js';
 import { rimraf } from '../../utils/filesystem.js';
 import { deep_merge } from '../../utils/object.js';
-import { __fetch_polyfill } from '../../install-fetch.js';
+import '../../install-fetch.js';
 
 import { print_config_conflicts } from '../config/index.js';
 import { create_app } from '../create_app/index.js';
@@ -27,8 +27,6 @@ import { coalesce_to_error } from '../../utils/error.js';
 
 /** @param {Options} opts */
 export function dev(opts) {
-	__fetch_polyfill();
-
 	return new Watcher(opts).init();
 }
 
diff --git a/packages/kit/src/core/preview/index.js b/packages/kit/src/core/preview/index.js
index 5b1568ecc78b..3e6d320520a5 100644
--- a/packages/kit/src/core/preview/index.js
+++ b/packages/kit/src/core/preview/index.js
@@ -5,7 +5,7 @@ import { join, resolve } from 'path';
 import sirv from 'sirv';
 import { pathToFileURL } from 'url';
 import { getRawBody } from '../node/index.js';
-import { __fetch_polyfill } from '../../install-fetch.js';
+import '../../install-fetch.js';
 import { SVELTE_KIT, SVELTE_KIT_ASSETS } from '../constants.js';
 
 /** @param {string} dir */
@@ -31,8 +31,6 @@ export async function preview({
 	https: use_https = false,
 	cwd = process.cwd()
 }) {
-	__fetch_polyfill();
-
 	const app_file = resolve(cwd, `${SVELTE_KIT}/output/server/app.js`);
 
 	/** @type {import('types/internal').App} */
diff --git a/packages/kit/src/install-fetch.js b/packages/kit/src/install-fetch.js
index 629e38884996..83a9b55fe29e 100644
--- a/packages/kit/src/install-fetch.js
+++ b/packages/kit/src/install-fetch.js
@@ -1,26 +1,20 @@
 import fetch, { Response, Request, Headers } from 'node-fetch';
 
-// exported for dev, prerender, and preview
-export function __fetch_polyfill() {
-	Object.defineProperties(globalThis, {
-		fetch: {
-			enumerable: true,
-			value: fetch
-		},
-		Response: {
-			enumerable: true,
-			value: Response
-		},
-		Request: {
-			enumerable: true,
-			value: Request
-		},
-		Headers: {
-			enumerable: true,
-			value: Headers
-		}
-	});
-}
-
-// exported for esbuild shims in adapters
-export { fetch, Response, Request, Headers };
+Object.defineProperties(globalThis, {
+	fetch: {
+		enumerable: true,
+		value: fetch
+	},
+	Response: {
+		enumerable: true,
+		value: Response
+	},
+	Request: {
+		enumerable: true,
+		value: Request
+	},
+	Headers: {
+		enumerable: true,
+		value: Headers
+	}
+});
diff --git a/packages/kit/src/runtime/app/navigation.js b/packages/kit/src/runtime/app/navigation.js
index 0d32fca7006c..e1fa5567e730 100644
--- a/packages/kit/src/runtime/app/navigation.js
+++ b/packages/kit/src/runtime/app/navigation.js
@@ -1,8 +1,5 @@
-import { router as router_ } from '../client/singletons.js';
 import { get_base_uri } from '../client/utils.js';
 
-const router = /** @type {import('../client/router').Router} */ (router_);
-
 /**
  * @param {string} name
  */
@@ -17,11 +14,17 @@ export const invalidate = import.meta.env.SSR ? guard('invalidate') : invalidate
 export const prefetch = import.meta.env.SSR ? guard('prefetch') : prefetch_;
 export const prefetchRoutes = import.meta.env.SSR ? guard('prefetchRoutes') : prefetchRoutes_;
 
+async function get_router() {
+	return /** @type {import('../client/router').Router} */ (
+		(await import('../client/singletons.js')).router
+	);
+}
+
 /**
  * @type {import('$app/navigation').goto}
  */
 async function goto_(href, opts) {
-	return router.goto(href, opts, []);
+	return (await get_router()).goto(href, opts, []);
 }
 
 /**
@@ -29,20 +32,21 @@ async function goto_(href, opts) {
  */
 async function invalidate_(resource) {
 	const { href } = new URL(resource, location.href);
-	return router.renderer.invalidate(href);
+	return (await get_router()).renderer.invalidate(href);
 }
 
 /**
  * @type {import('$app/navigation').prefetch}
  */
-function prefetch_(href) {
-	return router.prefetch(new URL(href, get_base_uri(document)));
+async function prefetch_(href) {
+	return (await get_router()).prefetch(new URL(href, get_base_uri(document)));
 }
 
 /**
  * @type {import('$app/navigation').prefetchRoutes}
  */
 async function prefetchRoutes_(pathnames) {
+	const router = await get_router();
 	const matching = pathnames
 		? router.routes.filter((route) => pathnames.some((pathname) => route[0].test(pathname)))
 		: router.routes;
diff --git a/packages/kit/types/config.d.ts b/packages/kit/types/config.d.ts
index 5d2214d0eacb..11b65e17a4d0 100644
--- a/packages/kit/types/config.d.ts
+++ b/packages/kit/types/config.d.ts
@@ -22,8 +22,8 @@ export interface AdapterUtils {
 	 */
 	copy_static_files(dest: string): string[];
 	/**
-	 * @param from the source folder from which files should be copied
-	 * @param to the destination folder to which files should be copied
+	 * @param from the source file or folder from which files should be copied
+	 * @param to the destination file or folder to which files should be copied
 	 * @returns an array of paths corresponding to the files that have been created by the copy
 	 */
 	copy(from: string, to: string, filter?: (basename: string) => boolean): string[];
@@ -32,6 +32,7 @@ export interface AdapterUtils {
 
 export interface Adapter {
 	name: string;
+	serverEntryPoint?: string;
 	adapt(context: { utils: AdapterUtils; config: ValidatedConfig }): Promise<void>;
 }
 
@@ -82,6 +83,7 @@ export interface Config {
 			onError?: PrerenderOnErrorValue;
 		};
 		router?: boolean;
+		serverEntryPoint?: string;
 		serviceWorker?: {
 			files?(filepath: string): boolean;
 		};
diff --git a/pnpm-lock.yaml b/pnpm-lock.yaml
index 801d2467ca67..2297efd76a2f 100644
--- a/pnpm-lock.yaml
+++ b/pnpm-lock.yaml
@@ -100,10 +100,8 @@ importers:
     specifiers:
       '@iarna/toml': ^2.2.5
       '@sveltejs/kit': workspace:*
-      esbuild: ^0.13.4
     dependencies:
       '@iarna/toml': 2.2.5
-      esbuild: 0.13.12
     devDependencies:
       '@sveltejs/kit': link:../kit
 
@@ -114,7 +112,6 @@ importers:
       '@types/compression': ^1.7.2
       c8: ^7.10.0
       compression: ^1.7.4
-      esbuild: ^0.13.4
       node-fetch: ^3.0.0
       polka: ^1.0.0-next.22
       rollup: ^2.58.0
@@ -122,7 +119,6 @@ importers:
       tiny-glob: ^0.2.9
       uvu: ^0.5.2
     dependencies:
-      esbuild: 0.13.12
       tiny-glob: 0.2.9
     devDependencies:
       '@rollup/plugin-json': 4.1.0_rollup@2.58.3