diff --git a/pkg/mcs/scheduling/server/rule/watcher.go b/pkg/mcs/scheduling/server/rule/watcher.go
index 725df690ab7..2abc84b9c47 100644
--- a/pkg/mcs/scheduling/server/rule/watcher.go
+++ b/pkg/mcs/scheduling/server/rule/watcher.go
@@ -18,7 +18,6 @@ import (
 	"context"
 	"strings"
 	"sync"
-	"sync/atomic"
 
 	"github.com/pingcap/log"
 	"github.com/tikv/pd/pkg/schedule/checker"
@@ -26,6 +25,7 @@ import (
 	"github.com/tikv/pd/pkg/schedule/placement"
 	"github.com/tikv/pd/pkg/storage/endpoint"
 	"github.com/tikv/pd/pkg/utils/etcdutil"
+	"github.com/tikv/pd/pkg/utils/syncutil"
 	"go.etcd.io/etcd/clientv3"
 	"go.etcd.io/etcd/mvcc/mvccpb"
 	"go.uber.org/zap"
@@ -53,12 +53,16 @@ type Watcher struct {
 	etcdClient  *clientv3.Client
 	ruleStorage endpoint.RuleStorage
 
-	// checkerController is used to add the suspect key ranges to the checker when the rule changed.
-	checkerController atomic.Value
-	// ruleManager is used to manage the placement rules.
-	ruleManager atomic.Value
-	// regionLabeler is used to manage the region label rules.
-	regionLabeler atomic.Value
+	// components is used to store the cluster components and protect them with a RWMutex lock.
+	components struct {
+		syncutil.RWMutex
+		// checkerController is used to add the suspect key ranges to the checker when the rule changed.
+		checkerController *checker.Controller
+		// ruleManager is used to manage the placement rules.
+		ruleManager *placement.RuleManager
+		// regionLabeler is used to manage the region label rules.
+		regionLabeler *labeler.RegionLabeler
+	}
 
 	ruleWatcher  *etcdutil.LoopWatcher
 	groupWatcher *etcdutil.LoopWatcher
@@ -260,32 +264,33 @@ func (rw *Watcher) SetClusterComponents(
 	sc *checker.Controller,
 	rm *placement.RuleManager,
 	rl *labeler.RegionLabeler,
-) {
-	rw.checkerController.Store(sc)
-	rw.ruleManager.Store(rm)
-	rw.regionLabeler.Store(rl)
+) error {
+	rw.components.Lock()
+	defer rw.components.Unlock()
+	rw.components.checkerController = sc
+	rw.components.ruleManager = rm
+	rw.components.regionLabeler = rl
+	// Reload the rules to make sure that the rules are consistent with the storage.
+	if err := rm.Reload(); err != nil {
+		return err
+	}
+	return rl.Reload()
 }
 
 func (rw *Watcher) getCheckerController() *checker.Controller {
-	cc := rw.checkerController.Load()
-	if cc == nil {
-		return nil
-	}
-	return cc.(*checker.Controller)
+	rw.components.RLock()
+	defer rw.components.RUnlock()
+	return rw.components.checkerController
 }
 
 func (rw *Watcher) getRuleManager() *placement.RuleManager {
-	rm := rw.ruleManager.Load()
-	if rm == nil {
-		return nil
-	}
-	return rm.(*placement.RuleManager)
+	rw.components.RLock()
+	defer rw.components.RUnlock()
+	return rw.components.ruleManager
 }
 
 func (rw *Watcher) getRegionLabeler() *labeler.RegionLabeler {
-	rl := rw.regionLabeler.Load()
-	if rl == nil {
-		return nil
-	}
-	return rl.(*labeler.RegionLabeler)
+	rw.components.RLock()
+	defer rw.components.RUnlock()
+	return rw.components.regionLabeler
 }
diff --git a/pkg/schedule/labeler/labeler.go b/pkg/schedule/labeler/labeler.go
index 39722b1a038..892ef097405 100644
--- a/pkg/schedule/labeler/labeler.go
+++ b/pkg/schedule/labeler/labeler.go
@@ -149,6 +149,14 @@ func (l *RegionLabeler) buildRangeList() {
 	l.rangeList = builder.Build()
 }
 
+// Reload loads rules from storage.
+func (l *RegionLabeler) Reload() error {
+	l.Lock()
+	defer l.Unlock()
+	l.labelRules = make(map[string]*LabelRule)
+	return l.loadRules()
+}
+
 // GetSplitKeys returns all split keys in the range (start, end).
 func (l *RegionLabeler) GetSplitKeys(start, end []byte) [][]byte {
 	l.RLock()
diff --git a/pkg/schedule/placement/rule_manager.go b/pkg/schedule/placement/rule_manager.go
index 909c0fa1078..6532a4083ed 100644
--- a/pkg/schedule/placement/rule_manager.go
+++ b/pkg/schedule/placement/rule_manager.go
@@ -135,8 +135,10 @@ func (m *RuleManager) Initialize(maxReplica int, locationLabels []string, isolat
 }
 
 func (m *RuleManager) loadRules() error {
-	var toSave []*Rule
-	var toDelete []string
+	var (
+		toSave   []*Rule
+		toDelete []string
+	)
 	err := m.storage.LoadRules(func(k, v string) {
 		r, err := NewRuleFromJSON([]byte(v))
 		if err != nil {
@@ -261,6 +263,31 @@ func (m *RuleManager) adjustRule(r *Rule, groupID string) (err error) {
 	return nil
 }
 
+// Reload reloads rules from storage.
+func (m *RuleManager) Reload() error {
+	m.Lock()
+	defer m.Unlock()
+	// Only allow to reload when it is initialized.
+	if !m.initialized {
+		return nil
+	}
+	// Force the rule manager to reload rules from storage.
+	m.ruleConfig = newRuleConfig()
+	if err := m.loadRules(); err != nil {
+		return err
+	}
+	if err := m.loadGroups(); err != nil {
+		return err
+	}
+	m.ruleConfig.adjust()
+	ruleList, err := buildRuleList(m.ruleConfig)
+	if err != nil {
+		return err
+	}
+	m.ruleList = ruleList
+	return nil
+}
+
 // GetRule returns the Rule with the same (group, id).
 func (m *RuleManager) GetRule(group, id string) *Rule {
 	m.RLock()