diff --git a/CHANGES b/CHANGES
index c75929ca6a3..a183eba66b1 100644
--- a/CHANGES
+++ b/CHANGES
@@ -40,6 +40,8 @@ Incompatible changes
 * #8769: LaTeX refactoring: split sphinx.sty into multiple files and rename
   some auxiliary files created in ``latex`` build output repertory
 * #8937: Use explicit title instead of <no title>
+* #8487: The :file: option for csv-table directive now recognizes an absolute
+  path as a relative path from source directory
 
 Deprecated
 ----------
diff --git a/doc/extdev/deprecated.rst b/doc/extdev/deprecated.rst
index 10c1dfb22ca..96bc84ff3bc 100644
--- a/doc/extdev/deprecated.rst
+++ b/doc/extdev/deprecated.rst
@@ -32,11 +32,6 @@ The following is a list of deprecated interfaces.
      - TBD
      - ``logo_url``
 
-   * - ``sphinx.directives.patches.CSVTable``
-     - 4.0
-     - 6.0
-     - ``docutils.parsers.rst.diretives.tables.CSVTable``
-
    * - ``sphinx.directives.patches.ListTable``
      - 4.0
      - 6.0
diff --git a/sphinx/directives/patches.py b/sphinx/directives/patches.py
index 3cfad5a3f36..1c3cfd853bc 100644
--- a/sphinx/directives/patches.py
+++ b/sphinx/directives/patches.py
@@ -6,7 +6,9 @@
     :license: BSD, see LICENSE for details.
 """
 
+import os
 import warnings
+from os import path
 from typing import TYPE_CHECKING, Any, Dict, List, Tuple, cast
 
 from docutils import nodes
@@ -18,13 +20,19 @@
 from sphinx.deprecation import RemovedInSphinx60Warning
 from sphinx.directives import optional_int
 from sphinx.domains.math import MathDomain
+from sphinx.locale import __
+from sphinx.util import logging
 from sphinx.util.docutils import SphinxDirective
 from sphinx.util.nodes import set_source_info
+from sphinx.util.osutil import SEP, os_path, relpath
 
 if TYPE_CHECKING:
     from sphinx.application import Sphinx
 
 
+logger = logging.getLogger(__name__)
+
+
 class Figure(images.Figure):
     """The figure directive which applies `:name:` option to the figure node
     instead of the image node.
@@ -87,21 +95,25 @@ def make_title(self) -> Tuple[nodes.title, List[system_message]]:
 
 
 class CSVTable(tables.CSVTable):
-    """The csv-table directive which sets source and line information to its caption.
-
-    Only for docutils-0.13 or older version."""
+    """The csv-table directive which searches a CSV file from Sphinx project's source
+    directory when an absolute path is given via :file: option.
+    """
 
     def run(self) -> List[Node]:
-        warnings.warn('CSVTable is deprecated.',
-                      RemovedInSphinx60Warning)
-        return super().run()
+        if 'file' in self.options and self.options['file'].startswith((SEP, os.sep)):
+            env = self.state.document.settings.env
+            filename = self.options['file']
+            if path.exists(filename):
+                logger.warning(__('":file:" option for csv-table directive now recognizes '
+                                  'an absolute path as a relative path from source directory. '
+                                  'Please update your document.'),
+                               location=(env.docname, self.lineno))
+            else:
+                abspath = path.join(env.srcdir, os_path(self.options['file'][1:]))
+                docdir = path.dirname(env.doc2path(env.docname))
+                self.options['file'] = relpath(abspath, docdir)
 
-    def make_title(self) -> Tuple[nodes.title, List[system_message]]:
-        title, message = super().make_title()
-        if title:
-            set_source_info(self, title)
-
-        return title, message
+        return super().run()
 
 
 class ListTable(tables.ListTable):
@@ -224,6 +236,7 @@ def add_target(self, ret: List[Node]) -> None:
 def setup(app: "Sphinx") -> Dict[str, Any]:
     directives.register_directive('figure', Figure)
     directives.register_directive('meta', Meta)
+    directives.register_directive('csv-table', CSVTable)
     directives.register_directive('code', Code)
     directives.register_directive('math', MathDirective)
 
diff --git a/tests/test_directive_patch.py b/tests/test_directive_patch.py
index 7dc568b1d5e..b28e0f1e57d 100644
--- a/tests/test_directive_patch.py
+++ b/tests/test_directive_patch.py
@@ -8,6 +8,7 @@
     :license: BSD, see LICENSE for details.
 """
 
+import pytest
 from docutils import nodes
 
 from sphinx.testing import restructuredtext
@@ -54,6 +55,37 @@ def test_code_directive(app):
     assert_node(doctree[0], language="python", linenos=True, highlight_args={'linenostart': 5})
 
 
+@pytest.mark.sphinx(testroot='directive-csv-table')
+def test_csv_table_directive(app):
+    # relative path from current document
+    text = ('.. csv-table::\n'
+            '   :file: example.csv\n')
+    doctree = restructuredtext.parse(app, text, docname="subdir/index")
+    assert_node(doctree,
+                ([nodes.table, nodes.tgroup, (nodes.colspec,
+                                              nodes.colspec,
+                                              nodes.colspec,
+                                              [nodes.tbody, nodes.row])],))
+    assert_node(doctree[0][0][3][0],
+                ([nodes.entry, nodes.paragraph, "FOO"],
+                 [nodes.entry, nodes.paragraph, "BAR"],
+                 [nodes.entry, nodes.paragraph, "BAZ"]))
+
+    # absolute path from source directory
+    text = ('.. csv-table::\n'
+            '   :file: /example.csv\n')
+    doctree = restructuredtext.parse(app, text, docname="subdir/index")
+    assert_node(doctree,
+                ([nodes.table, nodes.tgroup, (nodes.colspec,
+                                              nodes.colspec,
+                                              nodes.colspec,
+                                              [nodes.tbody, nodes.row])],))
+    assert_node(doctree[0][0][3][0],
+                ([nodes.entry, nodes.paragraph, "foo"],
+                 [nodes.entry, nodes.paragraph, "bar"],
+                 [nodes.entry, nodes.paragraph, "baz"]))
+
+
 def test_math_directive(app):
     # normal case
     text = '.. math:: E = mc^2'