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python/pie: gdb.Inferior.attach coring #38

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pmqs opened this issue Jun 6, 2016 · 3 comments
Open

python/pie: gdb.Inferior.attach coring #38

pmqs opened this issue Jun 6, 2016 · 3 comments

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@pmqs
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pmqs commented Jun 6, 2016

After build the python/pie branch I got a core in _PyArg_ParseTupleAndKeywords_SizeT when I ran this

import gdb
gdb.Inferior().attach(14876)

I got past the core by changing the "attach" entry in inferior_object_methods to include METH_KEYWORDS.

  { "attach", (PyCFunction) infpy_attach, METH_VARARGS | METH_KEYWORDS,
    "attach (PID) -> None.\n\
Attach to the specified process." },

Rerunning the test gave me this, which is much better than a core. Will dig some more.

Traceback (most recent call last):
  File "try1.py", line 2, in <module>
    gdb.Inferior().attach(14876)
gdb.error: cannot attach an already executing inferior

cheers
Paul

@pmqs
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pmqs commented Jun 7, 2016

Dug some more

Looks like any form of attach is broken with the python/pie branch. I get a core when I tried this from the gdb command prompt

(gdb) attach 22359
Attaching to process 22359
Segmentation fault (core dumped)

Looking at the gdb core it's blowing up in linux_nat_thread_address_space

Program terminated with signal SIGSEGV, Segmentation fault.
#0  linux_nat_thread_address_space (t=<optimized out>, ptid=...)
    at linux-nat.c:4791
4791          pid = ptid_get_pid (lwp->ptid);

(gdb) p ptid
$1 = {pid = 22359, lwp = 0, tid = 0}

(gdb) p lwp
$2 = (struct lwp_info *) 0x0

Not sure where to go next to root cause this.

Here is the stack trace.

(gdb) bt
#0  linux_nat_thread_address_space (t=<optimized out>, ptid=...)
    at linux-nat.c:4791
#1  0x00007ff5d5871757 in target_thread_address_space (ptid=...)
    at target.c:3269
#2  0x00007ff5d57e75d3 in get_thread_arch_regcache (ptid=..., 
    gdbarch=0x7ff5d625a8d0) at regcache.c:489
#3  0x00007ff5d57e76d9 in get_current_regcache () at regcache.c:512
#4  0x00007ff5d591d795 in get_current_frame () at frame.c:1420
#5  0x00007ff5d591e515 in get_selected_frame (message=<optimized out>)
    at frame.c:1476
#6  0x00007ff5d5860597 in get_current_arch () at arch-utils.c:758
#7  0x00007ff5d5797f7d in add_thread_object (tp=0x7ff5d6261420)
    at ./python/py-inferior.c:249
#8  0x00007ff5d5882f25 in generic_observer_notify (subject=<optimized out>, 
    args=0x7fff5c977000) at observer.c:167
#9  0x00007ff5d5883889 in observer_notify_new_thread (t=<optimized out>)
    at observer.inc:407
#10 0x00007ff5d584833b in add_thread_silent (ptid=...) at thread.c:241
#11 0x00007ff5d57299ef in inf_ptrace_attach (ops=<optimized out>, 
    args=<optimized out>, from_tty=<optimized out>) at inf-ptrace.c:241
#12 0x00007ff5d5732092 in linux_nat_attach (ops=0x7ff5d6153340, 
    args=0x7ff5d6111187 "22359", from_tty=1) at linux-nat.c:1343
#13 0x00007ff5d5870d08 in target_attach (args=0x7ff5d6111187 "22359", 
---Type <return> to continue, or q <return> to quit---
    from_tty=1) at target.c:3794
#14 0x00007ff5d5830deb in attach (args=0x7ff5d6111187 "22359", from_tty=1, 
    async_exec=0) at infcmd.c:2554
#15 0x00007ff5d583103e in attach_command (args=0x7ff5d6111187 "22359", 
    from_tty=1) at infcmd.c:2633
#16 0x00007ff5d59153ff in execute_command (p=<optimized out>, from_tty=1)
    at top.c:468
#17 0x00007ff5d585266c in command_handler (command=0x7ff5d6111180 "")
    at event-top.c:435
#18 0x00007ff5d5853320 in command_line_handler (rl=<optimized out>)
    at event-top.c:632
#19 0x00007ff5d595e882 in rl_callback_read_char () at callback.c:220
#20 0x00007ff5d58526e9 in rl_callback_read_char_wrapper (
    client_data=<optimized out>) at event-top.c:164
#21 0x00007ff5d58516a4 in process_event () at event-loop.c:342
#22 0x00007ff5d5852247 in gdb_do_one_event () at event-loop.c:406
#23 0x00007ff5d58522a7 in start_event_loop () at event-loop.c:431
#24 0x00007ff5d584ae26 in captured_command_loop (data=<optimized out>)
    at main.c:267
#25 0x00007ff5d5848fab in catch_errors (
    func=0x7ff5d584ae10 <captured_command_loop>, func_args=0x0, 
    errstring=0x7ff5d5a1fff7 "", mask=RETURN_MASK_ALL) at exceptions.c:524
#26 0x00007ff5d584b5da in captured_main (data=0x7fff5c977620) at main.c:1070
---Type <return> to continue, or q <return> to quit---
#27 0x00007ff5d5848fab in catch_errors (func=0x7ff5d584af30 <captured_main>, 
    func_args=0x7fff5c977620, errstring=0x7ff5d5a1fff7 "", 
    mask=RETURN_MASK_ALL) at exceptions.c:524
#28 0x00007ff5d584ac3b in gdb_main (args=<optimized out>) at main.c:1079
#29 0x00007ff5d56f78f1 in main (argc=<optimized out>, argv=<optimized out>)
    at gdb.c:34

@tromey
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tromey commented Jun 25, 2016

Sorry about the delay here. I don't know offhand what's wrong here, all I can suggest is debugging :(

@pmqs
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pmqs commented Jul 10, 2016

Thanks Tom. If I do get anywhere I'll feed back the change.

tromey pushed a commit that referenced this issue Feb 20, 2018
When running the test gdb.dwarf2/dw2-bad-parameter-type.exp under
valgrind, I see the following issue reported (on x86-64 Fedora):

  (gdb) ptype f
  ==5203== Invalid read of size 1
  ==5203==    at 0x6931FE: process_die_scope::~process_die_scope() (dwarf2read.c:10642)
  ==5203==    by 0x66818F: process_die(die_info*, dwarf2_cu*) (dwarf2read.c:10664)
  ==5203==    by 0x66A01F: read_file_scope(die_info*, dwarf2_cu*) (dwarf2read.c:11650)
  ==5203==    by 0x667F2D: process_die(die_info*, dwarf2_cu*) (dwarf2read.c:10672)
  ==5203==    by 0x6677B6: process_full_comp_unit(dwarf2_per_cu_data*, language) (dwarf2read.c:10445)
  ==5203==    by 0x66657A: process_queue(dwarf2_per_objfile*) (dwarf2read.c:9945)
  ==5203==    by 0x6559B4: dw2_do_instantiate_symtab(dwarf2_per_cu_data*) (dwarf2read.c:3163)
  ==5203==    by 0x66683D: psymtab_to_symtab_1(partial_symtab*) (dwarf2read.c:10034)
  ==5203==    by 0x66622A: dwarf2_read_symtab(partial_symtab*, objfile*) (dwarf2read.c:9811)
  ==5203==    by 0x787984: psymtab_to_symtab(objfile*, partial_symtab*) (psymtab.c:792)
  ==5203==    by 0x786E3E: psym_lookup_symbol(objfile*, int, char const*, domain_enum_tag) (psymtab.c:522)
  ==5203==    by 0x804BD0: lookup_symbol_via_quick_fns(objfile*, int, char const*, domain_enum_tag) (symtab.c:2383)
  ==5203==  Address 0x147ed063 is 291 bytes inside a block of size 4,064 free'd
  ==5203==    at 0x4C2CD5A: free (vg_replace_malloc.c:530)
  ==5203==    by 0x444415: void xfree<void>(void*) (common-utils.h:60)
  ==5203==    by 0x9DA8C2: call_freefun (obstack.c:103)
  ==5203==    by 0x9DAD35: _obstack_free (obstack.c:280)
  ==5203==    by 0x44464C: auto_obstack::~auto_obstack() (gdb_obstack.h:73)
  ==5203==    by 0x68AFB0: dwarf2_cu::~dwarf2_cu() (dwarf2read.c:25080)
  ==5203==    by 0x68B204: free_one_cached_comp_unit(dwarf2_per_cu_data*) (dwarf2read.c:25174)
  ==5203==    by 0x66668C: dwarf2_release_queue(void*) (dwarf2read.c:9982)
  ==5203==    by 0x563A4C: do_my_cleanups(cleanup**, cleanup*) (cleanups.c:154)
  ==5203==    by 0x563AA7: do_cleanups(cleanup*) (cleanups.c:176)
  ==5203==    by 0x5646CE: throw_exception_cxx(gdb_exception) (common-exceptions.c:289)
  ==5203==    by 0x5647B7: throw_exception(gdb_exception) (common-exceptions.c:317)
  ==5203==  Block was alloc'd at
  ==5203==    at 0x4C2BBAD: malloc (vg_replace_malloc.c:299)
  ==5203==    by 0x564BE8: xmalloc (common-utils.c:44)
  ==5203==    by 0x9DA872: call_chunkfun (obstack.c:94)
  ==5203==    by 0x9DA935: _obstack_begin_worker (obstack.c:141)
  ==5203==    by 0x9DAA3C: _obstack_begin (obstack.c:164)
  ==5203==    by 0x4445E0: auto_obstack::auto_obstack() (gdb_obstack.h:70)
  ==5203==    by 0x68AE07: dwarf2_cu::dwarf2_cu(dwarf2_per_cu_data*) (dwarf2read.c:25073)
  ==5203==    by 0x661A8A: init_cutu_and_read_dies(dwarf2_per_cu_data*, abbrev_table*, int, int, void (*)(die_reader_specs const*, unsigned char const*, die_info*, int, void*), void*) (dwarf2read.c:7869)
  ==5203==    by 0x666A29: load_full_comp_unit(dwarf2_per_cu_data*, language) (dwarf2read.c:10108)
  ==5203==    by 0x655847: load_cu(dwarf2_per_cu_data*) (dwarf2read.c:3120)
  ==5203==    by 0x655928: dw2_do_instantiate_symtab(dwarf2_per_cu_data*) (dwarf2read.c:3148)
  ==5203==    by 0x66683D: psymtab_to_symtab_1(partial_symtab*) (dwarf2read.c:10034)

There's actually a series of three issues reported, but it turns out
they're all related, so we can consider on the first one.

The invalid read is triggered from a destructor which is being invoked
as part of a stack unwind after throwing an error.  At the time the
error is thrown, the stack looks like this:

    #0  0x00000000009f4ecd in __cxa_throw ()
    #1  0x0000000000564761 in throw_exception_cxx (exception=...) at ../../src/gdb/common/common-exceptions.c:303
    #2  0x00000000005647b8 in throw_exception (exception=...) at ../../src/gdb/common/common-exceptions.c:317
    #3  0x00000000005648ff in throw_it(return_reason, errors, const char *, typedef __va_list_tag __va_list_tag *) (reason=RETURN_ERROR,
        error=GENERIC_ERROR, fmt=0xb33020 "Dwarf Error: Cannot find DIE at 0x%x referenced from DIE at 0x%x [in module %s]",
        ap=0x7fff387f2d68) at ../../src/gdb/common/common-exceptions.c:373
    #4  0x0000000000564929 in throw_verror (error=GENERIC_ERROR,
        fmt=0xb33020 "Dwarf Error: Cannot find DIE at 0x%x referenced from DIE at 0x%x [in module %s]", ap=0x7fff387f2d68)
        at ../../src/gdb/common/common-exceptions.c:379
    #5  0x0000000000867be4 in verror (string=0xb33020 "Dwarf Error: Cannot find DIE at 0x%x referenced from DIE at 0x%x [in module %s]",
        args=0x7fff387f2d68) at ../../src/gdb/utils.c:251
    #6  0x000000000056879d in error (fmt=0xb33020 "Dwarf Error: Cannot find DIE at 0x%x referenced from DIE at 0x%x [in module %s]")
        at ../../src/gdb/common/errors.c:43
    #7  0x0000000000686875 in follow_die_ref (src_die=0x30bc8a0, attr=0x30bc8c8, ref_cu=0x7fff387f2ed0) at ../../src/gdb/dwarf2read.c:22969
    #8  0x00000000006844cd in lookup_die_type (die=0x30bc8a0, attr=0x30bc8c8, cu=0x30bc5d0) at ../../src/gdb/dwarf2read.c:21976
    #9  0x0000000000683f27 in die_type (die=0x30bc8a0, cu=0x30bc5d0) at ../../src/gdb/dwarf2read.c:21832
    #10 0x0000000000679b39 in read_subroutine_type (die=0x30bc830, cu=0x30bc5d0) at ../../src/gdb/dwarf2read.c:17343
    #11 0x00000000006845fb in read_type_die_1 (die=0x30bc830, cu=0x30bc5d0) at ../../src/gdb/dwarf2read.c:22035
    #12 0x0000000000684576 in read_type_die (die=0x30bc830, cu=0x30bc5d0) at ../../src/gdb/dwarf2read.c:22010
    #13 0x000000000067003f in read_func_scope (die=0x30bc830, cu=0x30bc5d0) at ../../src/gdb/dwarf2read.c:13822
    #14 0x0000000000667f5e in process_die (die=0x30bc830, cu=0x30bc5d0) at ../../src/gdb/dwarf2read.c:10679
    #15 0x000000000066a020 in read_file_scope (die=0x30bc720, cu=0x30bc5d0) at ../../src/gdb/dwarf2read.c:11650
    #16 0x0000000000667f2e in process_die (die=0x30bc720, cu=0x30bc5d0) at ../../src/gdb/dwarf2read.c:10672
    #17 0x00000000006677b7 in process_full_comp_unit (per_cu=0x3089b80, pretend_language=language_minimal)
        at ../../src/gdb/dwarf2read.c:10445
    #18 0x000000000066657b in process_queue (dwarf2_per_objfile=0x30897d0) at ../../src/gdb/dwarf2read.c:9945
    #19 0x00000000006559b5 in dw2_do_instantiate_symtab (per_cu=0x3089b80) at ../../src/gdb/dwarf2read.c:3163
    #20 0x000000000066683e in psymtab_to_symtab_1 (pst=0x3089bd0) at ../../src/gdb/dwarf2read.c:10034
    #21 0x000000000066622b in dwarf2_read_symtab (self=0x3089bd0, objfile=0x3073f40) at ../../src/gdb/dwarf2read.c:9811
    #22 0x0000000000787985 in psymtab_to_symtab (objfile=0x3073f40, pst=0x3089bd0) at ../../src/gdb/psymtab.c:792
    #23 0x0000000000786e3f in psym_lookup_symbol (objfile=0x3073f40, block_index=1, name=0x30b2e30 "f", domain=VAR_DOMAIN)
        at ../../src/gdb/psymtab.c:522
    #24 0x0000000000804bd1 in lookup_symbol_via_quick_fns (objfile=0x3073f40, block_index=1, name=0x30b2e30 "f", domain=VAR_DOMAIN)
        at ../../src/gdb/symtab.c:2383
    #25 0x0000000000804fe4 in lookup_symbol_in_objfile (objfile=0x3073f40, block_index=1, name=0x30b2e30 "f", domain=VAR_DOMAIN)
        at ../../src/gdb/symtab.c:2558
    #26 0x0000000000805125 in lookup_static_symbol (name=0x30b2e30 "f", domain=VAR_DOMAIN) at ../../src/gdb/symtab.c:2595
    #27 0x0000000000804357 in lookup_symbol_aux (name=0x30b2e30 "f", match_type=symbol_name_match_type::FULL, block=0x0,
        domain=VAR_DOMAIN, language=language_c, is_a_field_of_this=0x0) at ../../src/gdb/symtab.c:2105
    #28 0x0000000000803ad9 in lookup_symbol_in_language (name=0x30b2e30 "f", block=0x0, domain=VAR_DOMAIN, lang=language_c,
        is_a_field_of_this=0x0) at ../../src/gdb/symtab.c:1887
    #29 0x0000000000803b53 in lookup_symbol (name=0x30b2e30 "f", block=0x0, domain=VAR_DOMAIN, is_a_field_of_this=0x0)
        at ../../src/gdb/symtab.c:1899
    #30 0x000000000053b246 in classify_name (par_state=0x7fff387f6090, block=0x0, is_quoted_name=false, is_after_structop=false)
        at ../../src/gdb/c-exp.y:2879
    #31 0x000000000053b7e9 in c_yylex () at ../../src/gdb/c-exp.y:3083
    #32 0x000000000053414a in c_yyparse () at c-exp.c:1903
    #33 0x000000000053c2e7 in c_parse (par_state=0x7fff387f6090) at ../../src/gdb/c-exp.y:3255
    #34 0x0000000000774a02 in parse_exp_in_context_1 (stringptr=0x7fff387f61c0, pc=0, block=0x0, comma=0, void_context_p=0, out_subexp=0x0)
        at ../../src/gdb/parse.c:1213
    #35 0x000000000077476a in parse_exp_in_context (stringptr=0x7fff387f61c0, pc=0, block=0x0, comma=0, void_context_p=0, out_subexp=0x0)
        at ../../src/gdb/parse.c:1115
    #36 0x0000000000774714 in parse_exp_1 (stringptr=0x7fff387f61c0, pc=0, block=0x0, comma=0) at ../../src/gdb/parse.c:1106
    #37 0x0000000000774c53 in parse_expression (string=0x27ff996 "f") at ../../src/gdb/parse.c:1253
    #38 0x0000000000861dc4 in whatis_exp (exp=0x27ff996 "f", show=1) at ../../src/gdb/typeprint.c:472
    #39 0x00000000008620d8 in ptype_command (type_name=0x27ff996 "f", from_tty=1) at ../../src/gdb/typeprint.c:561
    #40 0x000000000047430b in do_const_cfunc (c=0x3012010, args=0x27ff996 "f", from_tty=1) at ../../src/gdb/cli/cli-decode.c:106
    #41 0x000000000047715e in cmd_func (cmd=0x3012010, args=0x27ff996 "f", from_tty=1) at ../../src/gdb/cli/cli-decode.c:1886
    #42 0x00000000008431bb in execute_command (p=0x27ff996 "f", from_tty=1) at ../../src/gdb/top.c:630
    #43 0x00000000006bf946 in command_handler (command=0x27ff990 "ptype f") at ../../src/gdb/event-top.c:583
    #44 0x00000000006bfd12 in command_line_handler (rl=0x30bb3a0 "\240\305\v\003") at ../../src/gdb/event-top.c:774

The problem is that in `process_die` (frames 14 and 16) we create a
`process_die_scope` object, that takes a copy of the `struct
dwarf2_cu *` passed into the frame.  The destructor of the
`process_die_scope` dereferences the stored pointer.  This wouldn't be
an issue, except...

... in dw2_do_instantiate_symtab (frame 19) a clean up was registered that
clears the dwarf2_queue in case of an error.  Part of this clean up
involves deleting the `struct dwarf2_cu`s referenced from the queue..

The problem then, is that cleanups are processed at the site of the
throw, while, class destructors are invoked as we unwind their frame.
The result is that we process the frame 19 cleanup (and delete the
struct dwarf2_cu) before we process the destructors in frames 14 and 16.
When we do get back to frames 14 and 16 the objects being references
have already been deleted.

The solution is to remove the cleanup from dw2_do_instantiate_symtab, and
instead use a destructor to release the dwarf2_queue instead.  With this
patch in place, the valgrind errors are now resolved.

gdb/ChangeLog:

	* dwarf2read.c (dwarf2_release_queue): Delete function, move body
	into...
	(class dwarf2_queue_guard): ...the destructor of this new class.
	(dw2_do_instantiate_symtab): Create instance of the new class
	dwarf2_queue_guard, remove cleanup.
tromey pushed a commit that referenced this issue Feb 21, 2019
Errors that happen in nested sourced files (when a sourced file sources
another file) lead to a wrong error message, or use-after-free.

For example, if I put this in "a.gdb":

    command_that_doesnt_exist

and this in "b.gdb":

   source a.gdb

and try to "source b.gdb" in GDB, the result may look like this:

    (gdb) source b.gdb
    b.gdb:1: Error in sourced command file:
    _that_doesnt_exist:1: Error in sourced command file:
    Undefined command: "command_that_doesnt_exist".  Try "help".

Notice the wrong file name where "a.gdb" should be.  The exact result
may differ, depending on the feelings of the memory allocator.

What happens is:

- The "source a.gdb" command is saved by command_line_append_input_line
  in command_line_input's static buffer.
- Since we are sourcing a file, the script_from_file function stores the
  script name (a.gdb) in the source_file_name global.  However, it doesn't
  do a copy, it just saves a pointer to command_line_input's static buffer.
- The "command_that_doesnt_exist" command is saved by
  command_line_append_input_line in command_line_input's static buffer.
  Depending on what xrealloc does, source_file_name may now point to
  freed memory, or at the minimum the data it was pointing to was
  overwritten.
- When the error is handled in script_from_file, we dererence
  source_file_name to print the name of the file in which the error
  occured.

To fix it, I made source_file_name an std::string, so that keeps a copy of
the file name instead of pointing to a buffer with a too small
lifetime.

With this patch, the expected filename is printed, and no use-after-free
occurs:

    (gdb) source b.gdb
    b.gdb:1: Error in sourced command file:
    a.gdb:1: Error in sourced command file:
    Undefined command: "command_that_doesnt_exist".  Try "help".

I passed explicit template parameters to make_scoped_restore
(<std::string, const std::string &>), so that the second parameter is
passed by reference and avoid a copy.

It was not as obvious as I first thought to change gdb.base/source.exp
to test this, because source commands inside sourced files are
interpreted relative to GDB's current working directory, not the
directory of the currently sourced file.  As a workaround, I moved the
snippet that tests errors after the snippet that adds the source
directory to the search path.  This way, the "source source-error-1.gdb"
line in source-error.exp manages to find the file.

For reference, here is what ASAN reports when use-after-free occurs:

(gdb) source b.gdb
=================================================================
==18498==ERROR: AddressSanitizer: heap-use-after-free on address 0x60c000019847 at pc 0x7f1d3645de8e bp 0x7ffdcb892e50 sp 0x7ffdcb8925c8
READ of size 6 at 0x60c000019847 thread T0
    #0 0x7f1d3645de8d in printf_common /build/gcc/src/gcc/libsanitizer/sanitizer_common/sanitizer_common_interceptors_format.inc:546
    #1 0x7f1d36477175 in __interceptor_vasprintf /build/gcc/src/gcc/libsanitizer/sanitizer_common/sanitizer_common_interceptors.inc:1525
    #2 0x5632eaffa277 in xstrvprintf(char const*, __va_list_tag*) /home/simark/src/binutils-gdb/gdb/common/common-utils.c:122
    #3 0x5632eaff96d1 in throw_it /home/simark/src/binutils-gdb/gdb/common/common-exceptions.c:351
    #4 0x5632eaff98df in throw_verror(errors, char const*, __va_list_tag*) /home/simark/src/binutils-gdb/gdb/common/common-exceptions.c:379
    #5 0x5632eaff9a2a in throw_error(errors, char const*, ...) /home/simark/src/binutils-gdb/gdb/common/common-exceptions.c:394
    #6 0x5632eafca21a in script_from_file(_IO_FILE*, char const*) /home/simark/src/binutils-gdb/gdb/cli/cli-script.c:1553
    #7 0x5632eaf8a500 in source_script_from_stream /home/simark/src/binutils-gdb/gdb/cli/cli-cmds.c:569
    #8 0x5632eaf8a735 in source_script_with_search /home/simark/src/binutils-gdb/gdb/cli/cli-cmds.c:605
    #9 0x5632eaf8ab20 in source_command /home/simark/src/binutils-gdb/gdb/cli/cli-cmds.c:664
    #10 0x5632eafa8b4a in do_const_cfunc /home/simark/src/binutils-gdb/gdb/cli/cli-decode.c:106
    #11 0x5632eafb0687 in cmd_func(cmd_list_element*, char const*, int) /home/simark/src/binutils-gdb/gdb/cli/cli-decode.c:1892
    #12 0x5632ebf3dd87 in execute_command(char const*, int) /home/simark/src/binutils-gdb/gdb/top.c:630
    #13 0x5632eb3b25d3 in command_handler(char const*) /home/simark/src/binutils-gdb/gdb/event-top.c:583
    #14 0x5632ebf3cf09 in read_command_file(_IO_FILE*) /home/simark/src/binutils-gdb/gdb/top.c:425
    #15 0x5632eafca054 in script_from_file(_IO_FILE*, char const*) /home/simark/src/binutils-gdb/gdb/cli/cli-script.c:1547
    #16 0x5632eaf8a500 in source_script_from_stream /home/simark/src/binutils-gdb/gdb/cli/cli-cmds.c:569
    #17 0x5632eaf8a735 in source_script_with_search /home/simark/src/binutils-gdb/gdb/cli/cli-cmds.c:605
    #18 0x5632eaf8ab20 in source_command /home/simark/src/binutils-gdb/gdb/cli/cli-cmds.c:664
    #19 0x5632eafa8b4a in do_const_cfunc /home/simark/src/binutils-gdb/gdb/cli/cli-decode.c:106
    #20 0x5632eafb0687 in cmd_func(cmd_list_element*, char const*, int) /home/simark/src/binutils-gdb/gdb/cli/cli-decode.c:1892
    #21 0x5632ebf3dd87 in execute_command(char const*, int) /home/simark/src/binutils-gdb/gdb/top.c:630
    #22 0x5632eb3b25d3 in command_handler(char const*) /home/simark/src/binutils-gdb/gdb/event-top.c:583
    #23 0x5632eb3b2f87 in command_line_handler(std::unique_ptr<char, gdb::xfree_deleter<char> >&&) /home/simark/src/binutils-gdb/gdb/event-top.c:770
    #24 0x5632eb3b0fe1 in gdb_rl_callback_handler /home/simark/src/binutils-gdb/gdb/event-top.c:213
    #25 0x5632ec1c8729 in rl_callback_read_char /home/simark/src/binutils-gdb/readline/callback.c:220
    #26 0x5632eb3b0b8f in gdb_rl_callback_read_char_wrapper_noexcept /home/simark/src/binutils-gdb/gdb/event-top.c:175
    #27 0x5632eb3b0da1 in gdb_rl_callback_read_char_wrapper /home/simark/src/binutils-gdb/gdb/event-top.c:192
    #28 0x5632eb3b2186 in stdin_event_handler(int, void*) /home/simark/src/binutils-gdb/gdb/event-top.c:511
    #29 0x5632eb3aa6a9 in handle_file_event /home/simark/src/binutils-gdb/gdb/event-loop.c:733
    #30 0x5632eb3aaf41 in gdb_wait_for_event /home/simark/src/binutils-gdb/gdb/event-loop.c:859
    #31 0x5632eb3a88ea in gdb_do_one_event() /home/simark/src/binutils-gdb/gdb/event-loop.c:347
    #32 0x5632eb3a89bf in start_event_loop() /home/simark/src/binutils-gdb/gdb/event-loop.c:371
    #33 0x5632eb76fbfc in captured_command_loop /home/simark/src/binutils-gdb/gdb/main.c:330
    #34 0x5632eb772ea8 in captured_main /home/simark/src/binutils-gdb/gdb/main.c:1176
    #35 0x5632eb773071 in gdb_main(captured_main_args*) /home/simark/src/binutils-gdb/gdb/main.c:1192
    #36 0x5632eabfe7f9 in main /home/simark/src/binutils-gdb/gdb/gdb.c:32
    #37 0x7f1d3554f222 in __libc_start_main (/usr/lib/libc.so.6+0x24222)
    #38 0x5632eabfe5dd in _start (/home/simark/build/binutils-gdb/gdb/gdb+0x195d5dd)

0x60c000019847 is located 7 bytes inside of 128-byte region [0x60c000019840,0x60c0000198c0)
freed by thread T0 here:
    #0 0x7f1d36502491 in __interceptor_realloc /build/gcc/src/gcc/libsanitizer/asan/asan_malloc_linux.cc:105
    #1 0x5632eaff9f47 in xrealloc /home/simark/src/binutils-gdb/gdb/common/common-utils.c:62
    #2 0x5632eaff6b44 in buffer_grow(buffer*, char const*, unsigned long) /home/simark/src/binutils-gdb/gdb/common/buffer.c:40
    #3 0x5632eb3b271d in command_line_append_input_line /home/simark/src/binutils-gdb/gdb/event-top.c:614
    #4 0x5632eb3b28c6 in handle_line_of_input(buffer*, char const*, int, char const*) /home/simark/src/binutils-gdb/gdb/event-top.c:654
    #5 0x5632ebf402a6 in command_line_input(char const*, char const*) /home/simark/src/binutils-gdb/gdb/top.c:1252
    #6 0x5632ebf3cee9 in read_command_file(_IO_FILE*) /home/simark/src/binutils-gdb/gdb/top.c:422
    #7 0x5632eafca054 in script_from_file(_IO_FILE*, char const*) /home/simark/src/binutils-gdb/gdb/cli/cli-script.c:1547
    #8 0x5632eaf8a500 in source_script_from_stream /home/simark/src/binutils-gdb/gdb/cli/cli-cmds.c:569
    #9 0x5632eaf8a735 in source_script_with_search /home/simark/src/binutils-gdb/gdb/cli/cli-cmds.c:605
    #10 0x5632eaf8ab20 in source_command /home/simark/src/binutils-gdb/gdb/cli/cli-cmds.c:664
    #11 0x5632eafa8b4a in do_const_cfunc /home/simark/src/binutils-gdb/gdb/cli/cli-decode.c:106
    #12 0x5632eafb0687 in cmd_func(cmd_list_element*, char const*, int) /home/simark/src/binutils-gdb/gdb/cli/cli-decode.c:1892
    #13 0x5632ebf3dd87 in execute_command(char const*, int) /home/simark/src/binutils-gdb/gdb/top.c:630
    #14 0x5632eb3b25d3 in command_handler(char const*) /home/simark/src/binutils-gdb/gdb/event-top.c:583
    #15 0x5632ebf3cf09 in read_command_file(_IO_FILE*) /home/simark/src/binutils-gdb/gdb/top.c:425
    #16 0x5632eafca054 in script_from_file(_IO_FILE*, char const*) /home/simark/src/binutils-gdb/gdb/cli/cli-script.c:1547
    #17 0x5632eaf8a500 in source_script_from_stream /home/simark/src/binutils-gdb/gdb/cli/cli-cmds.c:569
    #18 0x5632eaf8a735 in source_script_with_search /home/simark/src/binutils-gdb/gdb/cli/cli-cmds.c:605
    #19 0x5632eaf8ab20 in source_command /home/simark/src/binutils-gdb/gdb/cli/cli-cmds.c:664
    #20 0x5632eafa8b4a in do_const_cfunc /home/simark/src/binutils-gdb/gdb/cli/cli-decode.c:106
    #21 0x5632eafb0687 in cmd_func(cmd_list_element*, char const*, int) /home/simark/src/binutils-gdb/gdb/cli/cli-decode.c:1892
    #22 0x5632ebf3dd87 in execute_command(char const*, int) /home/simark/src/binutils-gdb/gdb/top.c:630
    #23 0x5632eb3b25d3 in command_handler(char const*) /home/simark/src/binutils-gdb/gdb/event-top.c:583
    #24 0x5632eb3b2f87 in command_line_handler(std::unique_ptr<char, gdb::xfree_deleter<char> >&&) /home/simark/src/binutils-gdb/gdb/event-top.c:770
    #25 0x5632eb3b0fe1 in gdb_rl_callback_handler /home/simark/src/binutils-gdb/gdb/event-top.c:213
    #26 0x5632ec1c8729 in rl_callback_read_char /home/simark/src/binutils-gdb/readline/callback.c:220
    #27 0x5632eb3b0b8f in gdb_rl_callback_read_char_wrapper_noexcept /home/simark/src/binutils-gdb/gdb/event-top.c:175
    #28 0x5632eb3b0da1 in gdb_rl_callback_read_char_wrapper /home/simark/src/binutils-gdb/gdb/event-top.c:192
    #29 0x5632eb3b2186 in stdin_event_handler(int, void*) /home/simark/src/binutils-gdb/gdb/event-top.c:511

previously allocated by thread T0 here:
    #0 0x7f1d36502491 in __interceptor_realloc /build/gcc/src/gcc/libsanitizer/asan/asan_malloc_linux.cc:105
    #1 0x5632eaff9f47 in xrealloc /home/simark/src/binutils-gdb/gdb/common/common-utils.c:62
    #2 0x5632eaff6b44 in buffer_grow(buffer*, char const*, unsigned long) /home/simark/src/binutils-gdb/gdb/common/buffer.c:40
    #3 0x5632eb3b271d in command_line_append_input_line /home/simark/src/binutils-gdb/gdb/event-top.c:614
    #4 0x5632eb3b28c6 in handle_line_of_input(buffer*, char const*, int, char const*) /home/simark/src/binutils-gdb/gdb/event-top.c:654
    #5 0x5632ebf402a6 in command_line_input(char const*, char const*) /home/simark/src/binutils-gdb/gdb/top.c:1252
    #6 0x5632ebf3cee9 in read_command_file(_IO_FILE*) /home/simark/src/binutils-gdb/gdb/top.c:422
    #7 0x5632eafca054 in script_from_file(_IO_FILE*, char const*) /home/simark/src/binutils-gdb/gdb/cli/cli-script.c:1547
    #8 0x5632eaf8a500 in source_script_from_stream /home/simark/src/binutils-gdb/gdb/cli/cli-cmds.c:569
    #9 0x5632eaf8a735 in source_script_with_search /home/simark/src/binutils-gdb/gdb/cli/cli-cmds.c:605
    #10 0x5632eaf8ab20 in source_command /home/simark/src/binutils-gdb/gdb/cli/cli-cmds.c:664
    #11 0x5632eafa8b4a in do_const_cfunc /home/simark/src/binutils-gdb/gdb/cli/cli-decode.c:106
    #12 0x5632eafb0687 in cmd_func(cmd_list_element*, char const*, int) /home/simark/src/binutils-gdb/gdb/cli/cli-decode.c:1892
    #13 0x5632ebf3dd87 in execute_command(char const*, int) /home/simark/src/binutils-gdb/gdb/top.c:630
    #14 0x5632eb3b25d3 in command_handler(char const*) /home/simark/src/binutils-gdb/gdb/event-top.c:583
    #15 0x5632eb3b2f87 in command_line_handler(std::unique_ptr<char, gdb::xfree_deleter<char> >&&) /home/simark/src/binutils-gdb/gdb/event-top.c:770
    #16 0x5632eb3b0fe1 in gdb_rl_callback_handler /home/simark/src/binutils-gdb/gdb/event-top.c:213
    #17 0x5632ec1c8729 in rl_callback_read_char /home/simark/src/binutils-gdb/readline/callback.c:220
    #18 0x5632eb3b0b8f in gdb_rl_callback_read_char_wrapper_noexcept /home/simark/src/binutils-gdb/gdb/event-top.c:175
    #19 0x5632eb3b0da1 in gdb_rl_callback_read_char_wrapper /home/simark/src/binutils-gdb/gdb/event-top.c:192
    #20 0x5632eb3b2186 in stdin_event_handler(int, void*) /home/simark/src/binutils-gdb/gdb/event-top.c:511
    #21 0x5632eb3aa6a9 in handle_file_event /home/simark/src/binutils-gdb/gdb/event-loop.c:733
    #22 0x5632eb3aaf41 in gdb_wait_for_event /home/simark/src/binutils-gdb/gdb/event-loop.c:859
    #23 0x5632eb3a88ea in gdb_do_one_event() /home/simark/src/binutils-gdb/gdb/event-loop.c:347
    #24 0x5632eb3a89bf in start_event_loop() /home/simark/src/binutils-gdb/gdb/event-loop.c:371
    #25 0x5632eb76fbfc in captured_command_loop /home/simark/src/binutils-gdb/gdb/main.c:330
    #26 0x5632eb772ea8 in captured_main /home/simark/src/binutils-gdb/gdb/main.c:1176
    #27 0x5632eb773071 in gdb_main(captured_main_args*) /home/simark/src/binutils-gdb/gdb/main.c:1192
    #28 0x5632eabfe7f9 in main /home/simark/src/binutils-gdb/gdb/gdb.c:32
    #29 0x7f1d3554f222 in __libc_start_main (/usr/lib/libc.so.6+0x24222)

SUMMARY: AddressSanitizer: heap-use-after-free /build/gcc/src/gcc/libsanitizer/sanitizer_common/sanitizer_common_interceptors_format.inc:546 in printf_common

gdb/ChangeLog:

	* top.h (source_file_name): Change to std::string.
	* top.c (source_file_name): Likewise.
	(command_line_input): Adjust.
	* cli/cli-script.c (script_from_file): Adjust.

gdb/testsuite/ChangeLog:

	* gdb.base/source.exp: Move "error in sourced script" code to
	the end.
	* gdb.base/source-error.gdb: Move contents to
	source-error-1.gdb.  Add new code to source source-error-1.gdb.
	* gdb.base/source-error-1.gdb: New file, from previous
	source-error.gdb.
tromey pushed a commit that referenced this issue Jun 11, 2019
When compiling gdb with '-lasan -fsanitizer=address' and running tests with:
- export ASAN_OPTIONS="detect_leaks=0:alloc_dealloc_mismatch=0",
- target board cc-with-gdb-index,
- the "[gdb/testsuite] Fix gdb.base/break-probes.exp with native-gdbserver"
  commit reverted to avoid running into PR24617,
we get with gdb.arch/amd64-init-x87-values.exp:
...
==31229==ERROR: AddressSanitizer: heap-buffer-overflow on address \
  0x62500098c93c at pc 0x000000bcc748 bp 0x7ffe39487660 sp 0x7ffe39487658
READ of size 1 at 0x62500098c93c thread T0
    #0 0xbcc747 in cp_find_first_component_aux src/gdb/cp-support.c:999
    #1 0xbcc6e9 in cp_find_first_component(char const*) \
                   src/gdb/cp-support.c:977
    #2 0xcc2cf3 in mapped_index_base::build_name_components() \
                   src/gdb/dwarf2read.c:4499
    #3 0xcc3322 in dw2_expand_symtabs_matching_symbol src/gdb/dwarf2read.c:4552
    #4 0xcc817f in dw2_expand_symtabs_matching src/gdb/dwarf2read.c:5228
    #5 0xfe8f48 in iterate_over_all_matching_symtabs src/gdb/linespec.c:1147
    #6 0x1003506 in add_matching_symbols_to_info src/gdb/linespec.c:4413
    #7 0xffe21b in find_function_symbols src/gdb/linespec.c:3886
    #8 0xffe4a2 in find_linespec_symbols src/gdb/linespec.c:3914
    #9 0xfee3ad in linespec_parse_basic src/gdb/linespec.c:1865
    #10 0xff5128 in parse_linespec src/gdb/linespec.c:2655
    #11 0xff8872 in event_location_to_sals src/gdb/linespec.c:3150
    #12 0xff90a8 in decode_line_full(event_location const*, int, \
                    program_space*, symtab*, int, linespec_result*, \
		    char const*, char const*) src/gdb/linespec.c:3230
    #13 0x9ce449 in parse_breakpoint_sals src/gdb/breakpoint.c:9057
    #14 0x9ea022 in create_sals_from_location_default src/gdb/breakpoint.c:13708
    #15 0x9e2c1f in bkpt_create_sals_from_location src/gdb/breakpoint.c:12514
    #16 0x9cff06 in create_breakpoint(gdbarch*, event_location const*, \
                    char const*, int, char const*, int, int, bptype, int, \
		    auto_boolean, breakpoint_ops const*, int, int, int, \
		    unsigned int) src/gdb/breakpoint.c:9238
    #17 0x9d114a in break_command_1 src/gdb/breakpoint.c:9402
    #18 0x9d1b60 in break_command(char const*, int) src/gdb/breakpoint.c:9473
    #19 0xac96aa in do_const_cfunc src/gdb/cli/cli-decode.c:106
    #20 0xad0e5a in cmd_func(cmd_list_element*, char const*, int) \
                    src/gdb/cli/cli-decode.c:1892
    #21 0x15226f6 in execute_command(char const*, int) src/gdb/top.c:630
    #22 0xddde37 in command_handler(char const*) src/gdb/event-top.c:586
    #23 0xdde7c1 in command_line_handler(std::unique_ptr<char, \
                    gdb::xfree_deleter<char> >&&) src/gdb/event-top.c:773
    #24 0xddc9e8 in gdb_rl_callback_handler src/gdb/event-top.c:217
    #25 0x16f2198 in rl_callback_read_char src/readline/callback.c:220
    #26 0xddc5a1 in gdb_rl_callback_read_char_wrapper_noexcept \
                    src/gdb/event-top.c:175
    #27 0xddc773 in gdb_rl_callback_read_char_wrapper src/gdb/event-top.c:192
    #28 0xddd9f5 in stdin_event_handler(int, void*) src/gdb/event-top.c:514
    #29 0xdd7d8f in handle_file_event src/gdb/event-loop.c:731
    #30 0xdd8607 in gdb_wait_for_event src/gdb/event-loop.c:857
    #31 0xdd629c in gdb_do_one_event() src/gdb/event-loop.c:321
    #32 0xdd6344 in start_event_loop() src/gdb/event-loop.c:370
    #33 0x10a7715 in captured_command_loop src/gdb/main.c:331
    #34 0x10aa548 in captured_main src/gdb/main.c:1173
    #35 0x10aa5d8 in gdb_main(captured_main_args*) src/gdb/main.c:1188
    #36 0x87bd35 in main src/gdb/gdb.c:32
    #37 0x7f16e1434f89 in __libc_start_main (/lib64/libc.so.6+0x20f89)
    #38 0x87bb49 in _start (build/gdb/gdb+0x87bb49)

0x62500098c93c is located 0 bytes to the right of 8252-byte region \
  [0x62500098a900,0x62500098c93c)
allocated by thread T0 here:
    #0 0x7f16e359a600 in malloc (/usr/lib64/libasan.so.5+0xeb600)
    #1 0x1742ddf in bfd_malloc src/bfd/libbfd.c:275
    #2 0x1738824 in bfd_get_full_section_contents src/bfd/compress.c:253
    #3 0xe30044 in gdb_bfd_map_section(bfd_section*, unsigned long*) \
                   src/gdb/gdb_bfd.c:704
    #4 0xcb56bf in dwarf2_read_section(objfile*, dwarf2_section_info*) \
                   src/gdb/dwarf2read.c:2539
    #5 0xd5bcd0 in get_gdb_index_contents_from_section<dwarf2_per_objfile> \
                   src/gdb/dwarf2read.c:6217
    #6 0xd7fc7d in gdb::function_view<gdb::array_view<unsigned char const> \
                   (...) const src/gdb/common/function-view.h:284
    #7 0xd7fddd in gdb::function_view<gdb::array_view<unsigned char const> \
                   (...) src/gdb/common/function-view.h:278
    #8 0xd730cf in gdb::function_view<gdb::array_view<unsigned char const> \
                   (...) const src/gdb/common/function-view.h:247
    #9 0xcbc7ee in dwarf2_read_gdb_index src/gdb/dwarf2read.c:3582
    #10 0xcce731 in dwarf2_initialize_objfile(objfile*, dw_index_kind*) \
                    src/gdb/dwarf2read.c:6297
    #11 0xdb88c4 in elf_symfile_read src/gdb/elfread.c:1256
    #12 0x141262a in read_symbols src/gdb/symfile.c:798
    #13 0x14140a7 in syms_from_objfile_1 src/gdb/symfile.c:1000
    #14 0x1414393 in syms_from_objfile src/gdb/symfile.c:1017
    #15 0x1414fb7 in symbol_file_add_with_addrs src/gdb/symfile.c:1124
    #16 0x14159b7 in symbol_file_add_from_bfd(bfd*, char const*, \
                     enum_flags<symfile_add_flag>, std::vector<other_sections, \
	             std::allocator<other_sections> >*, \
		     enum_flags<objfile_flag>, objfile*) src/gdb/symfile.c:1203
    #17 0x1415b6c in symbol_file_add(char const*,
                     enum_flags<symfile_add_flag>, std::vector<other_sections, \
		     std::allocator<other_sections> >*, \
		     enum_flags<objfile_flag>) src/gdb/symfile.c:1216
    #18 0x1415f2f in symbol_file_add_main_1 src/gdb/symfile.c:1240
    #19 0x1418599 in symbol_file_command(char const*, int) \
                     src/gdb/symfile.c:1675
    #20 0xde2fa6 in file_command src/gdb/exec.c:433
    #21 0xac96aa in do_const_cfunc src/gdb/cli/cli-decode.c:106
    #22 0xad0e5a in cmd_func(cmd_list_element*, char const*, int) \
                    src/gdb/cli/cli-decode.c:1892
    #23 0x15226f6 in execute_command(char const*, int) src/gdb/top.c:630
    #24 0xddde37 in command_handler(char const*) src/gdb/event-top.c:586
    #25 0xdde7c1 in command_line_handler(std::unique_ptr<char, \
                    gdb::xfree_deleter<char> >&&) src/gdb/event-top.c:773
    #26 0xddc9e8 in gdb_rl_callback_handler src/gdb/event-top.c:217
    #27 0x16f2198 in rl_callback_read_char src/readline/callback.c:220
    #28 0xddc5a1 in gdb_rl_callback_read_char_wrapper_noexcept \
                    src/gdb/event-top.c:175
    #29 0xddc773 in gdb_rl_callback_read_char_wrapper src/gdb/event-top.c:192

SUMMARY: AddressSanitizer: heap-buffer-overflow src/gdb/cp-support.c:999 in \
  cp_find_first_component_aux
Shadow bytes around the buggy address:
  0x0c4a801298d0: 00 00 00 00 00 00 00 00 00 00 00 00 00 00 00 00
  0x0c4a801298e0: 00 00 00 00 00 00 00 00 00 00 00 00 00 00 00 00
  0x0c4a801298f0: 00 00 00 00 00 00 00 00 00 00 00 00 00 00 00 00
  0x0c4a80129900: 00 00 00 00 00 00 00 00 00 00 00 00 00 00 00 00
  0x0c4a80129910: 00 00 00 00 00 00 00 00 00 00 00 00 00 00 00 00
=>0x0c4a80129920: 00 00 00 00 00 00 00[04]fa fa fa fa fa fa fa fa
  0x0c4a80129930: fa fa fa fa fa fa fa fa fa fa fa fa fa fa fa fa
  0x0c4a80129940: fa fa fa fa fa fa fa fa fa fa fa fa fa fa fa fa
  0x0c4a80129950: fa fa fa fa fa fa fa fa fa fa fa fa fa fa fa fa
  0x0c4a80129960: fa fa fa fa fa fa fa fa fa fa fa fa fa fa fa fa
  0x0c4a80129970: fa fa fa fa fa fa fa fa fa fa fa fa fa fa fa fa
Shadow byte legend (one shadow byte represents 8 application bytes):
  Addressable:           00
  Partially addressable: 01 02 03 04 05 06 07
  Heap left redzone:       fa
  Freed heap region:       fd
  Stack left redzone:      f1
  Stack mid redzone:       f2
  Stack right redzone:     f3
  Stack after return:      f5
  Stack use after scope:   f8
  Global redzone:          f9
  Global init order:       f6
  Poisoned by user:        f7
  Container overflow:      fc
  Array cookie:            ac
  Intra object redzone:    bb
  ASan internal:           fe
  Left alloca redzone:     ca
  Right alloca redzone:    cb
==31229==ABORTING
...

The problem happens as follows.

The executable amd64-init-x87-values gets an index (due to target board
cc-with-gdb-index), which looks as follows:
...
Hex dump of section '.gdb_index':
  0x00000000 08000000 18000000 28000000 28000000 ........(...(...
  0x00000010 3c000000 3c200000 00000000 00000000 <...< ..........
  0x00000020 2e000000 00000000 d4004000 00000000 ..........@.....
  0x00000030 db004000 00000000 00000000 00000000 ..@.............
  0x00000040 00000000 00000000 00000000 00000000 ................
  0x00000050 00000000 00000000 00000000 00000000 ................
  ... more zeroes ...
  0x00002010 00000000 00000000 00000000 00000000 ................
  0x00002020 00000000 00000000 00000000 00000000 ................
  0x00002030 00000000 00000000 00000000          ............
...

The structure of this index is:
...
header       : [0x0, 0x18)     : size 0x18
culist       : [0x18 ,0x28)    : size 0x10
typesculist  : [0x28, 0x28)    : size 0x0
adress area  : [0x28, 0x3c)    : size 0x14
symbol table : [0x3c, 0x203c)  : size 0x2000
constant pool: [0x203c, 0x203c): size 0x0
EOF          : 0x203c
...

Note that the symbol table consists entirely of empty slots (where an empty
slot is a pair of 32-bit zeroes), and that the constant pool is empty.

The problem happens here in mapped_index_base::build_name_components:
...
  auto count = this->symbol_name_count ();
  for (offset_type idx = 0; idx < count; idx++)
    {
      if (this->symbol_name_slot_invalid (idx))
	continue;

      const char *name = this->symbol_name_at (idx);
...
when accessing the slot at idx == 0 in the symbol table,
symbol_name_slot_invalid returns false so we calculate name, which is
calculated using 'constant_pool + symbol_table[idx].name', which means we get
name == constant_pool.  And given that the constant pool is empty, name now
points past the memory allocated for the index, and when we access name[0] for
the first time in cp_find_first_component_aux, we run into the
heap-buffer-overflow.

Fix this by fixing the definition of symbol_name_slot_invalid:
...
-    return bucket.name == 0 && bucket.vec;
+    return bucket.name == 0 && bucket.vec == 0;
...

Tested on x86_64-linux.

gdb/ChangeLog:

2019-06-10  Tom de Vries  <tdevries@suse.de>

	PR gdb/24618
	* dwarf2read.c (struct mapped_index::symbol_name_slot_invalid): Make
	sure an empty slot (defined by a 32-bit zero pair) is recognized as
	invalid.
tromey pushed a commit that referenced this issue Jun 10, 2021
… when attaching / handling a fork child

When trying to attach to a pthread process on a Linux system with glibc 2.33,
we get:

    $ ./gdb -q -nx --data-directory=data-directory -p 1472010
    Attaching to process 1472010
    [New LWP 1472013]
    [New LWP 1472014]
    [New LWP 1472015]
    Error while reading shared library symbols for /usr/lib/libpthread.so.0:
    Cannot find user-level thread for LWP 1472015: generic error
    0x00007ffff6d3637f in poll () from /usr/lib/libc.so.6
    (gdb)

When attaching to a process (or handling a fork child, an operation very
similar to attaching), GDB reads the shared library list from the
process.  For each shared library (if "set auto-solib-add" is on), it
reads its symbols and calls the "new_objfile" observable.

The libthread-db code monitors this observable, and if it sees an
objfile named somewhat like "libpthread.so" go by, it tries to load
libthread_db.so in the GDB process itself.  libthread_db knows how to
navigate libpthread's data structures to get information about the
existing threads.

To locate these data structures, libthread_db calls ps_pglobal_lookup
(implemented in proc-service.c), passing in a symbol name and expecting
an address in return.

Before glibc 2.33, libthread_db always asked for symbols found in
libpthread.  There was no ordering problem: since we were always trying
to load libthread_db in reaction to processing libpthread (and reading
in its symbols) and libthread_db only asked symbols from libpthread, the
requested symbols could always be found.  Starting with glibc 2.33,
libthread_db now asks for a symbol name that can be found in
/lib/ld-linux-x86-64.so.2 (_rtld_global).  And the ordering in which GDB
reads the shared libraries from the inferior when attaching is
unfortunate, in that libpthread is processed before ld-linux.  So when
loading libthread_db in reaction to processing libpthread, and
libthread_db requests the symbol that is from ld-linux, GDB is not yet
able to supply it.

That problematic symbol lookup happens in the thread_from_lwp function,
when we call td_ta_map_lwp2thr_p, and an exception is thrown at this
point:

    #0  0x00007ffff6681012 in __cxxabiv1::__cxa_throw (obj=0x60e000006100, tinfo=0x555560033b50 <typeinfo for gdb_exception_error>, dest=0x55555d9404bc <gdb_exception_error::~gdb_exception_error()>) at /build/gcc/src/gcc/libstdc++-v3/libsupc++/eh_throw.cc:78
    #1  0x000055555e5d3734 in throw_it(return_reason, errors, const char *, typedef __va_list_tag __va_list_tag *) (reason=RETURN_ERROR, error=GENERIC_ERROR, fmt=0x55555f0c5360 "Cannot find user-level thread for LWP %ld: %s", ap=0x7fffffffaae0) at /home/simark/src/binutils-gdb/gdbsupport/common-exceptions.cc:200
    #2  0x000055555e5d37d4 in throw_verror (error=GENERIC_ERROR, fmt=0x55555f0c5360 "Cannot find user-level thread for LWP %ld: %s", ap=0x7fffffffaae0) at /home/simark/src/binutils-gdb/gdbsupport/common-exceptions.cc:208
    #3  0x000055555e0b0ed2 in verror (string=0x55555f0c5360 "Cannot find user-level thread for LWP %ld: %s", args=0x7fffffffaae0) at /home/simark/src/binutils-gdb/gdb/utils.c:171
    #4  0x000055555e5e898a in error (fmt=0x55555f0c5360 "Cannot find user-level thread for LWP %ld: %s") at /home/simark/src/binutils-gdb/gdbsupport/errors.cc:43
    #5  0x000055555d06b4bc in thread_from_lwp (stopped=0x617000035d80, ptid=...) at /home/simark/src/binutils-gdb/gdb/linux-thread-db.c:418
    #6  0x000055555d07040d in try_thread_db_load_1 (info=0x60c000011140) at /home/simark/src/binutils-gdb/gdb/linux-thread-db.c:912
    #7  0x000055555d071103 in try_thread_db_load (library=0x55555f0c62a0 "libthread_db.so.1", check_auto_load_safe=false) at /home/simark/src/binutils-gdb/gdb/linux-thread-db.c:1014
    #8  0x000055555d072168 in try_thread_db_load_from_sdir () at /home/simark/src/binutils-gdb/gdb/linux-thread-db.c:1091
    #9  0x000055555d072d1c in thread_db_load_search () at /home/simark/src/binutils-gdb/gdb/linux-thread-db.c:1146
    #10 0x000055555d07365c in thread_db_load () at /home/simark/src/binutils-gdb/gdb/linux-thread-db.c:1203
    #11 0x000055555d07373e in check_for_thread_db () at /home/simark/src/binutils-gdb/gdb/linux-thread-db.c:1246
    #12 0x000055555d0738ab in thread_db_new_objfile (objfile=0x61300000c0c0) at /home/simark/src/binutils-gdb/gdb/linux-thread-db.c:1275
    #13 0x000055555bd10740 in std::__invoke_impl<void, void (*&)(objfile*), objfile*> (__f=@0x616000068d88: 0x55555d073745 <thread_db_new_objfile(objfile*)>) at /usr/include/c++/10.2.0/bits/invoke.h:60
    #14 0x000055555bd02096 in std::__invoke_r<void, void (*&)(objfile*), objfile*> (__fn=@0x616000068d88: 0x55555d073745 <thread_db_new_objfile(objfile*)>) at /usr/include/c++/10.2.0/bits/invoke.h:153
    #15 0x000055555bce0392 in std::_Function_handler<void (objfile*), void (*)(objfile*)>::_M_invoke(std::_Any_data const&, objfile*&&) (__functor=..., __args#0=@0x7fffffffb4a0: 0x61300000c0c0) at /usr/include/c++/10.2.0/bits/std_function.h:291
    #16 0x000055555d3595c0 in std::function<void (objfile*)>::operator()(objfile*) const (this=0x616000068d88, __args#0=0x61300000c0c0) at /usr/include/c++/10.2.0/bits/std_function.h:622
    #17 0x000055555d356b7f in gdb::observers::observable<objfile*>::notify (this=0x555566727020 <gdb::observers::new_objfile>, args#0=0x61300000c0c0) at /home/simark/src/binutils-gdb/gdb/../gdbsupport/observable.h:106
    #18 0x000055555da3f228 in symbol_file_add_with_addrs (abfd=0x61200001ccc0, name=0x6190000d9090 "/usr/lib/libpthread.so.0", add_flags=..., addrs=0x7fffffffbc10, flags=..., parent=0x0) at /home/simark/src/binutils-gdb/gdb/symfile.c:1131
    #19 0x000055555da3f763 in symbol_file_add_from_bfd (abfd=0x61200001ccc0, name=0x6190000d9090 "/usr/lib/libpthread.so.0", add_flags=<error reading variable: Cannot access memory at address 0xffffffffffffffb0>, addrs=0x7fffffffbc10, flags=<error reading variable: Cannot access memory at address 0xffffffffffffffc0>, parent=0x0) at /home/simark/src/binutils-gdb/gdb/symfile.c:1167
    #20 0x000055555d95f9fa in solib_read_symbols (so=0x6190000d8e80, flags=...) at /home/simark/src/binutils-gdb/gdb/solib.c:681
    #21 0x000055555d96233d in solib_add (pattern=0x0, from_tty=0, readsyms=1) at /home/simark/src/binutils-gdb/gdb/solib.c:987
    #22 0x000055555d93646e in enable_break (info=0x608000008f20, from_tty=0) at /home/simark/src/binutils-gdb/gdb/solib-svr4.c:2238
    #23 0x000055555d93cfc0 in svr4_solib_create_inferior_hook (from_tty=0) at /home/simark/src/binutils-gdb/gdb/solib-svr4.c:3049
    #24 0x000055555d96610d in solib_create_inferior_hook (from_tty=0) at /home/simark/src/binutils-gdb/gdb/solib.c:1195
    #25 0x000055555cdee318 in post_create_inferior (from_tty=0) at /home/simark/src/binutils-gdb/gdb/infcmd.c:318
    #26 0x000055555ce00e6e in setup_inferior (from_tty=0) at /home/simark/src/binutils-gdb/gdb/infcmd.c:2439
    #27 0x000055555ce59c34 in handle_one (event=...) at /home/simark/src/binutils-gdb/gdb/infrun.c:4887
    #28 0x000055555ce5cd00 in stop_all_threads () at /home/simark/src/binutils-gdb/gdb/infrun.c:5064
    #29 0x000055555ce7f0da in stop_waiting (ecs=0x7fffffffd170) at /home/simark/src/binutils-gdb/gdb/infrun.c:8006
    #30 0x000055555ce67f5c in handle_signal_stop (ecs=0x7fffffffd170) at /home/simark/src/binutils-gdb/gdb/infrun.c:6062
    #31 0x000055555ce63653 in handle_inferior_event (ecs=0x7fffffffd170) at /home/simark/src/binutils-gdb/gdb/infrun.c:5727
    #32 0x000055555ce4f297 in fetch_inferior_event () at /home/simark/src/binutils-gdb/gdb/infrun.c:4105
    #33 0x000055555cdbe3bf in inferior_event_handler (event_type=INF_REG_EVENT) at /home/simark/src/binutils-gdb/gdb/inf-loop.c:42
    #34 0x000055555d018047 in handle_target_event (error=0, client_data=0x0) at /home/simark/src/binutils-gdb/gdb/linux-nat.c:4060
    #35 0x000055555e5ea77e in handle_file_event (file_ptr=0x60600008b1c0, ready_mask=1) at /home/simark/src/binutils-gdb/gdbsupport/event-loop.cc:575
    #36 0x000055555e5eb09c in gdb_wait_for_event (block=0) at /home/simark/src/binutils-gdb/gdbsupport/event-loop.cc:701
    #37 0x000055555e5e8d19 in gdb_do_one_event () at /home/simark/src/binutils-gdb/gdbsupport/event-loop.cc:212
    #38 0x000055555dd6e0d4 in wait_sync_command_done () at /home/simark/src/binutils-gdb/gdb/top.c:528
    #39 0x000055555dd6e372 in maybe_wait_sync_command_done (was_sync=0) at /home/simark/src/binutils-gdb/gdb/top.c:545
    #40 0x000055555d0ec7c8 in catch_command_errors (command=0x55555ce01bb8 <attach_command(char const*, int)>, arg=0x7fffffffe28d "1472010", from_tty=1, do_bp_actions=false) at /home/simark/src/binutils-gdb/gdb/main.c:452
    #41 0x000055555d0f03ad in captured_main_1 (context=0x7fffffffdd10) at /home/simark/src/binutils-gdb/gdb/main.c:1149
    #42 0x000055555d0f1239 in captured_main (data=0x7fffffffdd10) at /home/simark/src/binutils-gdb/gdb/main.c:1232
    #43 0x000055555d0f1315 in gdb_main (args=0x7fffffffdd10) at /home/simark/src/binutils-gdb/gdb/main.c:1257
    #44 0x000055555bb70cf9 in main (argc=7, argv=0x7fffffffde88) at /home/simark/src/binutils-gdb/gdb/gdb.c:32

The exception is caught here:

    #0  __cxxabiv1::__cxa_begin_catch (exc_obj_in=0x60e0000060e0) at /build/gcc/src/gcc/libstdc++-v3/libsupc++/eh_catch.cc:84
    #1  0x000055555d95fded in solib_read_symbols (so=0x6190000d8e80, flags=...) at /home/simark/src/binutils-gdb/gdb/solib.c:689
    #2  0x000055555d96233d in solib_add (pattern=0x0, from_tty=0, readsyms=1) at /home/simark/src/binutils-gdb/gdb/solib.c:987
    #3  0x000055555d93646e in enable_break (info=0x608000008f20, from_tty=0) at /home/simark/src/binutils-gdb/gdb/solib-svr4.c:2238
    #4  0x000055555d93cfc0 in svr4_solib_create_inferior_hook (from_tty=0) at /home/simark/src/binutils-gdb/gdb/solib-svr4.c:3049
    #5  0x000055555d96610d in solib_create_inferior_hook (from_tty=0) at /home/simark/src/binutils-gdb/gdb/solib.c:1195
    #6  0x000055555cdee318 in post_create_inferior (from_tty=0) at /home/simark/src/binutils-gdb/gdb/infcmd.c:318
    #7  0x000055555ce00e6e in setup_inferior (from_tty=0) at /home/simark/src/binutils-gdb/gdb/infcmd.c:2439
    #8  0x000055555ce59c34 in handle_one (event=...) at /home/simark/src/binutils-gdb/gdb/infrun.c:4887
    #9  0x000055555ce5cd00 in stop_all_threads () at /home/simark/src/binutils-gdb/gdb/infrun.c:5064
    #10 0x000055555ce7f0da in stop_waiting (ecs=0x7fffffffd170) at /home/simark/src/binutils-gdb/gdb/infrun.c:8006
    #11 0x000055555ce67f5c in handle_signal_stop (ecs=0x7fffffffd170) at /home/simark/src/binutils-gdb/gdb/infrun.c:6062
    #12 0x000055555ce63653 in handle_inferior_event (ecs=0x7fffffffd170) at /home/simark/src/binutils-gdb/gdb/infrun.c:5727
    #13 0x000055555ce4f297 in fetch_inferior_event () at /home/simark/src/binutils-gdb/gdb/infrun.c:4105
    #14 0x000055555cdbe3bf in inferior_event_handler (event_type=INF_REG_EVENT) at /home/simark/src/binutils-gdb/gdb/inf-loop.c:42
    #15 0x000055555d018047 in handle_target_event (error=0, client_data=0x0) at /home/simark/src/binutils-gdb/gdb/linux-nat.c:4060
    #16 0x000055555e5ea77e in handle_file_event (file_ptr=0x60600008b1c0, ready_mask=1) at /home/simark/src/binutils-gdb/gdbsupport/event-loop.cc:575
    #17 0x000055555e5eb09c in gdb_wait_for_event (block=0) at /home/simark/src/binutils-gdb/gdbsupport/event-loop.cc:701
    #18 0x000055555e5e8d19 in gdb_do_one_event () at /home/simark/src/binutils-gdb/gdbsupport/event-loop.cc:212
    #19 0x000055555dd6e0d4 in wait_sync_command_done () at /home/simark/src/binutils-gdb/gdb/top.c:528
    #20 0x000055555dd6e372 in maybe_wait_sync_command_done (was_sync=0) at /home/simark/src/binutils-gdb/gdb/top.c:545
    #21 0x000055555d0ec7c8 in catch_command_errors (command=0x55555ce01bb8 <attach_command(char const*, int)>, arg=0x7fffffffe28d "1472010", from_tty=1, do_bp_actions=false) at /home/simark/src/binutils-gdb/gdb/main.c:452
    #22 0x000055555d0f03ad in captured_main_1 (context=0x7fffffffdd10) at /home/simark/src/binutils-gdb/gdb/main.c:1149
    #23 0x000055555d0f1239 in captured_main (data=0x7fffffffdd10) at /home/simark/src/binutils-gdb/gdb/main.c:1232
    #24 0x000055555d0f1315 in gdb_main (args=0x7fffffffdd10) at /home/simark/src/binutils-gdb/gdb/main.c:1257
    #25 0x000055555bb70cf9 in main (argc=7, argv=0x7fffffffde88) at /home/simark/src/binutils-gdb/gdb/gdb.c:32

Catching the exception at this point means that the thread_db_info
object for this inferior will be left in place, despite the failure to
load libthread_db.  This means that there won't be further attempts at
loading libthread_db, because thread_db_load will think that
libthread_db is already loaded for this inferior and will always exit
early.  To fix this, add a try/catch around calling try_thread_db_load_1
in try_thread_db_load, such that if some exception is thrown while
trying to load libthread_db, we reset / delete the thread_db_info for
that inferior.  That alone makes attach work fine again, because
check_for_thread_db is called again in the thread_db_inferior_created
observer (that happens after we learned about all shared libraries and
their symbols), and libthread_db is successfully loaded then.

When attaching, I think that the inferior_created observer is a good
place to try to load libthread_db: it is called once everything has
stabilized, when we learned about all shared libraries.

The only problem then is that when we first try (and fail) to load
libthread_db, in reaction to learning about libpthread, we show this
warning:

    warning: Unable to find libthread_db matching inferior's thread library, thread debugging will not be available.

This is misleading, because we do succeed in loading it later.  So when
attaching, I think we shouldn't try to load libthread_db in reaction to
the new_objfile events, we should wait until we have learned about all
shared libraries (using the inferior_created observable).  To do so, add
an `in_initial_library_scan` flag to struct inferior.  This flag is used
to postpone loading libthread_db if we are attaching or handling a fork
child.

When debugging remotely with GDBserver, the same problem happens, except
that the qSymbol mechanism (allowing the remote side to ask GDB for
symbols values) is involved.  The fix there is the same idea, we make
GDB wait until all shared libraries and their symbols are known before
sending out a qSymbol packet.  This way, we never present the remote
side a state where libpthread.so's symbols are known but ld-linux's
symbols aren't.

gdb/ChangeLog:

	* inferior.h (class inferior) <in_initial_library_scan>: New.
	* infcmd.c (post_create_inferior): Set in_initial_library_scan.
	* infrun.c (follow_fork_inferior): Likewise.
	* linux-thread-db.c (try_thread_db_load): Catch exception thrown
	by try_thread_db_load_1
	(thread_db_load): Return early if in_initial_library_scan is
	set.
	* remote.c (remote_new_objfile): Return early if
	in_initial_library_scan is set.

Change-Id: I7a279836cfbb2b362b4fde11b196b4aab82f5efb
tromey pushed a commit that referenced this issue Jun 30, 2021
When loading a mach-o (macOS) executable and trying to set a breakpoint,
a GDB built with ASan or -D_GLIBCXX_DEBUG will crash with an
out-of-bound vector access.  This can be reproduced on Linux using the
repro files in bug 28017 [1]:

    $ ./gdb -nx --data-directory=data-directory -q repro/test -ex "b main" -batch
    /usr/include/c++/11.1.0/debug/vector:445:
    In function:
        std::__debug::vector<_Tp, _Allocator>::const_reference
        std::__debug::vector<_Tp,
        _Allocator>::operator[](std::__debug::vector<_Tp,
        _Allocator>::size_type) const [with _Tp = long unsigned int; _Allocator
        = std::allocator<long unsigned int>; std::__debug::vector<_Tp,
        _Allocator>::const_reference = const long unsigned int&;
        std::__debug::vector<_Tp, _Allocator>::size_type = long unsigned int]

    Error: attempt to subscript container with out-of-bounds index 13, but
    container only holds 13 elements.

    Objects involved in the operation:
        sequence "this" @ 0x0x61300000a590 {
          type = std::__debug::vector<unsigned long, std::allocator<unsigned long> >;
        }

The out-of-bound access happens here:

    #0  0x00007ffff6405d22 in raise () from /usr/lib/libc.so.6
    #1  0x00007ffff63ef862 in abort () from /usr/lib/libc.so.6
    #2  0x00007ffff664e21e in __gnu_debug::_Error_formatter::_M_error() const [clone .cold] from /usr/lib/libstdc++.so.6
    #3  0x000055555699e5ff in std::__debug::vector<unsigned long, std::allocator<unsigned long> >::operator[] (this=0x61300000a590, __n=13) at /usr/include/c++/11.1.0/debug/vector:445
    #4  0x0000555556a58c17 in objfile::section_offset (this=0x61300000a4c0, section=0x55555bbe4ac0 <_bfd_std_section>) at /home/simark/src/binutils-gdb/gdb/objfiles.h:644
    #5  0x0000555556a58cac in obj_section::offset (this=0x62100016d2a8) at /home/simark/src/binutils-gdb/gdb/objfiles.h:838
    #6  0x0000555556a58cfa in obj_section::addr (this=0x62100016d2a8) at /home/simark/src/binutils-gdb/gdb/objfiles.h:850
    #7  0x000055555779f5f7 in sort_cmp (sect1=0x62100016d2a8, sect2=0x62100016d170) at /home/simark/src/binutils-gdb/gdb/objfiles.c:902
    #8  0x00005555577aae35 in __gnu_cxx::__ops::_Iter_comp_iter<bool (*)(obj_section const*, obj_section const*)>::operator()<obj_section**, obj_section**> (this=0x7fffffffa9e0, __it1=0x60c000015970, __it2=0x60c000015940) at /usr/include/c++/11.1.0/bits/predefined_ops.h:158
    #9  0x00005555577aa2b8 in std::__insertion_sort<obj_section**, __gnu_cxx::__ops::_Iter_comp_iter<bool (*)(obj_section const*, obj_section const*)> > (__first=0x60c000015940, __last=0x60c0000159c0, __comp=...) at /usr/include/c++/11.1.0/bits/stl_algo.h:1826
    #10 0x00005555577a8e26 in std::__final_insertion_sort<obj_section**, __gnu_cxx::__ops::_Iter_comp_iter<bool (*)(obj_section const*, obj_section const*)> > (__first=0x60c000015940, __last=0x60c0000159c0, __comp=...) at /usr/include/c++/11.1.0/bits/stl_algo.h:1871
    #11 0x00005555577a723c in std::__sort<obj_section**, __gnu_cxx::__ops::_Iter_comp_iter<bool (*)(obj_section const*, obj_section const*)> > (__first=0x60c000015940, __last=0x60c0000159c0, __comp=...) at /usr/include/c++/11.1.0/bits/stl_algo.h:1957
    #12 0x00005555577a50f4 in std::sort<obj_section**, bool (*)(obj_section const*, obj_section const*)> (__first=0x60c000015940, __last=0x60c0000159c0, __comp=0x55555779f4e7 <sort_cmp(obj_section const*, obj_section const*)>) at /usr/include/c++/11.1.0/bits/stl_algo.h:4875
    #13 0x00005555577a147e in update_section_map (pspace=0x61200001d2c0, pmap=0x6030000d40b0, pmap_size=0x6030000d40b8) at /home/simark/src/binutils-gdb/gdb/objfiles.c:1165
    #14 0x00005555577a19a0 in find_pc_section (pc=0x100003fa0) at /home/simark/src/binutils-gdb/gdb/objfiles.c:1212
    #15 0x00005555576dd39e in lookup_minimal_symbol_by_pc_section (pc_in=0x100003fa0, section=0x0, prefer=lookup_msym_prefer::TEXT, previous=0x0) at /home/simark/src/binutils-gdb/gdb/minsyms.c:750
    #16 0x00005555576de552 in lookup_minimal_symbol_by_pc (pc=0x100003fa0) at /home/simark/src/binutils-gdb/gdb/minsyms.c:986
    #17 0x0000555557d44b54 in find_pc_sect_line (pc=0x100003fa0, section=0x62100016d170, notcurrent=0) at /home/simark/src/binutils-gdb/gdb/symtab.c:3163
    #18 0x0000555557d489fa in find_function_start_sal_1 (func_addr=0x100003fa0, section=0x62100016d170, funfirstline=true) at /home/simark/src/binutils-gdb/gdb/symtab.c:3650
    #19 0x0000555557d49015 in find_function_start_sal (sym=0x621000191670, funfirstline=true) at /home/simark/src/binutils-gdb/gdb/symtab.c:3706
    #20 0x0000555557485283 in symbol_to_sal (result=0x7fffffffbb30, funfirstline=1, sym=0x621000191670) at /home/simark/src/binutils-gdb/gdb/linespec.c:4460
    #21 0x00005555574728c2 in convert_linespec_to_sals (state=0x7fffffffc390, ls=0x7fffffffc3e0) at /home/simark/src/binutils-gdb/gdb/linespec.c:2335
    #22 0x0000555557475a8e in parse_linespec (parser=0x7fffffffc360, arg=0x60200007a550 "main", match_type=symbol_name_match_type::WILD) at /home/simark/src/binutils-gdb/gdb/linespec.c:2716
    #23 0x0000555557479027 in event_location_to_sals (parser=0x7fffffffc360, location=0x606000097be0) at /home/simark/src/binutils-gdb/gdb/linespec.c:3173
    #24 0x00005555574798f7 in decode_line_full (location=0x606000097be0, flags=1, search_pspace=0x0, default_symtab=0x0, default_line=0, canonical=0x7fffffffcca0, select_mode=0x0, filter=0x0) at /home/simark/src/binutils-gdb/gdb/linespec.c:3253
    #25 0x0000555556b4949f in parse_breakpoint_sals (location=0x606000097be0, canonical=0x7fffffffcca0) at /home/simark/src/binutils-gdb/gdb/breakpoint.c:9134
    #26 0x0000555556b6ce95 in create_sals_from_location_default (location=0x606000097be0, canonical=0x7fffffffcca0, type_wanted=bp_breakpoint) at /home/simark/src/binutils-gdb/gdb/breakpoint.c:13819
    #27 0x0000555556b645a6 in bkpt_create_sals_from_location (location=0x606000097be0, canonical=0x7fffffffcca0, type_wanted=bp_breakpoint) at /home/simark/src/binutils-gdb/gdb/breakpoint.c:12631
    #28 0x0000555556b4badf in create_breakpoint (gdbarch=0x621000152d10, location=0x606000097be0, cond_string=0x0, thread=0, extra_string=0x0, force_condition=false, parse_extra=1, tempflag=0, type_wanted=bp_breakpoint, ignore_count=0, pending_break_support=AUTO_BOOLEAN_AUTO, ops=0x55555bd728a0 <bkpt_breakpoint_ops>, from_tty=0, enabled=1, internal=0, flags=0) at /home/simark/src/binutils-gdb/gdb/breakpoint.c:9410
    #29 0x0000555556b4d3b1 in break_command_1 (arg=0x7fffffffe291 "", flag=0, from_tty=0) at /home/simark/src/binutils-gdb/gdb/breakpoint.c:9590
    #30 0x0000555556b4dc1b in break_command (arg=0x7fffffffe28d "main", from_tty=0) at /home/simark/src/binutils-gdb/gdb/breakpoint.c:9660
    #31 0x0000555556d24ca9 in do_const_cfunc (c=0x61100003a240, args=0x7fffffffe28d "main", from_tty=0) at /home/simark/src/binutils-gdb/gdb/cli/cli-decode.c:102
    #32 0x0000555556d2fcd3 in cmd_func (cmd=0x61100003a240, args=0x7fffffffe28d "main", from_tty=0) at /home/simark/src/binutils-gdb/gdb/cli/cli-decode.c:2160
    #33 0x0000555557e84e93 in execute_command (p=0x7fffffffe290 "n", from_tty=0) at /home/simark/src/binutils-gdb/gdb/top.c:674
    #34 0x00005555575a9933 in catch_command_errors (command=0x555557e84043 <execute_command(char const*, int)>, arg=0x7fffffffe28b "b main", from_tty=0, do_bp_actions=true) at /home/simark/src/binutils-gdb/gdb/main.c:523
    #35 0x00005555575a9fdb in execute_cmdargs (cmdarg_vec=0x7fffffffd910, file_type=CMDARG_FILE, cmd_type=CMDARG_COMMAND, ret=0x7fffffffd5b0) at /home/simark/src/binutils-gdb/gdb/main.c:618
    #36 0x00005555575ad48a in captured_main_1 (context=0x7fffffffdd00) at /home/simark/src/binutils-gdb/gdb/main.c:1322
    #37 0x00005555575ada9c in captured_main (data=0x7fffffffdd00) at /home/simark/src/binutils-gdb/gdb/main.c:1343
    #38 0x00005555575adb31 in gdb_main (args=0x7fffffffdd00) at /home/simark/src/binutils-gdb/gdb/main.c:1368
    #39 0x000055555681e179 in main (argc=8, argv=0x7fffffffde78) at /home/simark/src/binutils-gdb/gdb/gdb.c:32

The section being dealt with at that moment is the special *COM*
section:

    (top-gdb) p section.name
    $1 = 0x55555a1bbe60 "*COM*"
    (top-gdb) p section
    $2 = (bfd_section *) 0x55555bbe4ac0 <_bfd_std_section>

I'm not too sure what this section is for, but this is one of four
special BFD sections that GDB puts after the regular sections in the
objfile::sections and objfile::section_offsets lists.  You can check
gdb_bfd_section_index to see how they are handled.
gdb_bfd_count_sections returns "+ 4" to account for those sections.

The problem is that macho_symfile_offsets uses bfd_count_sections
instead of gdb_bfd_count_sections when allocating the
objfile::section_offsets vector.  The vector will therefore contain,
say, 13 elements instead of 17.  When trying to access the section
offset of the *COM* section, the first after the regular sections, we
access section_offsets[13], which is out of bounds.

Fix that by using gdb_bfd_count_sections instead of bfd_count_sections.
I'm fairly confident that this is correct, as this is what
default_symfile_offsets does.

With this patch, the command shown above terminates normally:

    $ ./gdb -nx --data-directory=data-directory -q repro/test -ex "b main" -batch
    Breakpoint 1 at 0x100003fad: file test.c, line 2.

[1] https://sourceware.org/bugzilla/show_bug.cgi?id=28017

gdb/ChangeLog:

	PR gdb/28017
	* machoread.c (macho_symfile_offsets): Use
	gdb_bfd_count_sections to allocate objfile::section_offsets.

Change-Id: Ic3a56f46f7232e9f24581f8255fc1ab981935450
tromey pushed a commit that referenced this issue Jul 25, 2021
As documented in bug 28086, test gdb.btrace/enable-new-thread.exp
started failing with commit 0618ae4 ("gdb: optimize
all_matching_threads_iterator"):

    (gdb) record btrace^M
    (gdb) PASS: gdb.btrace/enable-new-thread.exp: record btrace
    break 24^M
    Breakpoint 2 at 0x555555555175: file /home/smarchi/src/binutils-gdb/gdb/testsuite/gdb.btrace/enable-new-thread.c, line 24.^M
    (gdb) continue^M
    Continuing.^M
    /home/smarchi/src/binutils-gdb/gdb/inferior.c:303: internal-error: inferior* find_inferior_pid(process_stratum_target*, int): Assertion `pid != 0' failed.^M
    A problem internal to GDB has been detected,^M
    further debugging may prove unreliable.^M
    Quit this debugging session? (y or n) FAIL: gdb.btrace/enable-new-thread.exp: continue to breakpoint: cont to bp.1 (GDB internal error)

Note that I only see the failure if GDB is compiled without libipt
support.  This is because GDB then makes use BTS instead of PT, so
exercises different code paths.

I think that the commit above just exposed an existing problem.  The
stack trace of the internal error is:

    #8  0x0000561cb81e404e in internal_error (file=0x561cb83aa2f8 "/home/smarchi/src/binutils-gdb/gdb/inferior.c", line=303, fmt=0x561cb83aa099 "%s: Assertion `%s' failed.") at /home/smarchi/src/binutils-gdb/gdbsupport/errors.cc:55
    #9  0x0000561cb7b5c031 in find_inferior_pid (targ=0x561cb8aafb60 <the_amd64_linux_nat_target>, pid=0) at /home/smarchi/src/binutils-gdb/gdb/inferior.c:303
    #10 0x0000561cb7b5c102 in find_inferior_ptid (targ=0x561cb8aafb60 <the_amd64_linux_nat_target>, ptid=...) at /home/smarchi/src/binutils-gdb/gdb/inferior.c:317
    #11 0x0000561cb7f1d1c3 in find_thread_ptid (targ=0x561cb8aafb60 <the_amd64_linux_nat_target>, ptid=...) at /home/smarchi/src/binutils-gdb/gdb/thread.c:487
    #12 0x0000561cb7f1b921 in all_matching_threads_iterator::all_matching_threads_iterator (this=0x7ffc4ee34678, filter_target=0x561cb8aafb60 <the_amd64_linux_nat_target>, filter_ptid=...) at /home/smarchi/src/binutils-gdb/gdb/thread-iter.c:125
    #13 0x0000561cb77bc462 in filtered_iterator<all_matching_threads_iterator, non_exited_thread_filter>::filtered_iterator<process_stratum_target* const&, ptid_t const&> (this=0x7ffc4ee34670) at /home/smarchi/src/binutils-gdb/gdb/../gdbsupport/filtered-iterator.h:42
    #14 0x0000561cb77b97cb in all_non_exited_threads_range::begin (this=0x7ffc4ee34650) at /home/smarchi/src/binutils-gdb/gdb/thread-iter.h:243
    #15 0x0000561cb7d8ba30 in record_btrace_target::record_is_replaying (this=0x561cb8aa6250 <record_btrace_ops>, ptid=...) at /home/smarchi/src/binutils-gdb/gdb/record-btrace.c:1411
    #16 0x0000561cb7d8bb83 in record_btrace_target::xfer_partial (this=0x561cb8aa6250 <record_btrace_ops>, object=TARGET_OBJECT_MEMORY, annex=0x0, readbuf=0x7ffc4ee34c58 "\260g\343N\374\177", writebuf=0x0, offset=140737352774277, len=1, xfered_len=0x7ffc4ee34ad8) at /home/smarchi/src/binutils-gdb/gdb/record-btrace.c:1437
    #17 0x0000561cb7ef73a9 in raw_memory_xfer_partial (ops=0x561cb8aa6250 <record_btrace_ops>, readbuf=0x7ffc4ee34c58 "\260g\343N\374\177", writebuf=0x0, memaddr=140737352774277, len=1, xfered_len=0x7ffc4ee34ad8) at /home/smarchi/src/binutils-gdb/gdb/target.c:1504
    #18 0x0000561cb7ef77da in memory_xfer_partial_1 (ops=0x561cb8aa6250 <record_btrace_ops>, object=TARGET_OBJECT_CODE_MEMORY, readbuf=0x7ffc4ee34c58 "\260g\343N\374\177", writebuf=0x0, memaddr=140737352774277, len=1, xfered_len=0x7ffc4ee34ad8) at /home/smarchi/src/binutils-gdb/gdb/target.c:1635
    #19 0x0000561cb7ef78b5 in memory_xfer_partial (ops=0x561cb8aa6250 <record_btrace_ops>, object=TARGET_OBJECT_CODE_MEMORY, readbuf=0x7ffc4ee34c58 "\260g\343N\374\177", writebuf=0x0, memaddr=140737352774277, len=1, xfered_len=0x7ffc4ee34ad8) at /home/smarchi/src/binutils-gdb/gdb/target.c:1664
    #20 0x0000561cb7ef7ba4 in target_xfer_partial (ops=0x561cb8aa6250 <record_btrace_ops>, object=TARGET_OBJECT_CODE_MEMORY, annex=0x0, readbuf=0x7ffc4ee34c58 "\260g\343N\374\177", writebuf=0x0, offset=140737352774277, len=1, xfered_len=0x7ffc4ee34ad8) at /home/smarchi/src/binutils-gdb/gdb/target.c:1721
    #21 0x0000561cb7ef8503 in target_read_partial (ops=0x561cb8aa6250 <record_btrace_ops>, object=TARGET_OBJECT_CODE_MEMORY, annex=0x0, buf=0x7ffc4ee34c58 "\260g\343N\374\177", offset=140737352774277, len=1, xfered_len=0x7ffc4ee34ad8) at /home/smarchi/src/binutils-gdb/gdb/target.c:1974
    #22 0x0000561cb7ef861f in target_read (ops=0x561cb8aa6250 <record_btrace_ops>, object=TARGET_OBJECT_CODE_MEMORY, annex=0x0, buf=0x7ffc4ee34c58 "\260g\343N\374\177", offset=140737352774277, len=1) at /home/smarchi/src/binutils-gdb/gdb/target.c:2014
    #23 0x0000561cb7ef809f in target_read_code (memaddr=140737352774277, myaddr=0x7ffc4ee34c58 "\260g\343N\374\177", len=1) at /home/smarchi/src/binutils-gdb/gdb/target.c:1869
    #24 0x0000561cb7937f4d in gdb_disassembler::dis_asm_read_memory (memaddr=140737352774277, myaddr=0x7ffc4ee34c58 "\260g\343N\374\177", len=1, info=0x7ffc4ee34e88) at /home/smarchi/src/binutils-gdb/gdb/disasm.c:139
    #25 0x0000561cb80ab66d in fetch_data (info=0x7ffc4ee34e88, addr=0x7ffc4ee34c59 "g\343N\374\177") at /home/smarchi/src/binutils-gdb/opcodes/i386-dis.c:194
    #26 0x0000561cb80ab7e2 in ckprefix () at /home/smarchi/src/binutils-gdb/opcodes/i386-dis.c:8628
    #27 0x0000561cb80adbd8 in print_insn (pc=140737352774277, info=0x7ffc4ee34e88) at /home/smarchi/src/binutils-gdb/opcodes/i386-dis.c:9587
    #28 0x0000561cb80abe4f in print_insn_i386 (pc=140737352774277, info=0x7ffc4ee34e88) at /home/smarchi/src/binutils-gdb/opcodes/i386-dis.c:8894
    #29 0x0000561cb7744a19 in default_print_insn (memaddr=140737352774277, info=0x7ffc4ee34e88) at /home/smarchi/src/binutils-gdb/gdb/arch-utils.c:1029
    #30 0x0000561cb7b33067 in i386_print_insn (pc=140737352774277, info=0x7ffc4ee34e88) at /home/smarchi/src/binutils-gdb/gdb/i386-tdep.c:4013
    #31 0x0000561cb7acd8f4 in gdbarch_print_insn (gdbarch=0x561cbae2fb60, vma=140737352774277, info=0x7ffc4ee34e88) at /home/smarchi/src/binutils-gdb/gdb/gdbarch.c:3478
    #32 0x0000561cb793a32d in gdb_disassembler::print_insn (this=0x7ffc4ee34e80, memaddr=140737352774277, branch_delay_insns=0x0) at /home/smarchi/src/binutils-gdb/gdb/disasm.c:795
    #33 0x0000561cb793a5b0 in gdb_print_insn (gdbarch=0x561cbae2fb60, memaddr=140737352774277, stream=0x561cb8ac99f8 <null_stream>, branch_delay_insns=0x0) at /home/smarchi/src/binutils-gdb/gdb/disasm.c:850
    #34 0x0000561cb793a631 in gdb_insn_length (gdbarch=0x561cbae2fb60, addr=140737352774277) at /home/smarchi/src/binutils-gdb/gdb/disasm.c:859
    #35 0x0000561cb77f53f4 in btrace_compute_ftrace_bts (tp=0x561cbba11210, btrace=0x7ffc4ee35188, gaps=...) at /home/smarchi/src/binutils-gdb/gdb/btrace.c:1107
    #36 0x0000561cb77f55f5 in btrace_compute_ftrace_1 (tp=0x561cbba11210, btrace=0x7ffc4ee35180, cpu=0x0, gaps=...) at /home/smarchi/src/binutils-gdb/gdb/btrace.c:1527
    #37 0x0000561cb77f5705 in btrace_compute_ftrace (tp=0x561cbba11210, btrace=0x7ffc4ee35180, cpu=0x0) at /home/smarchi/src/binutils-gdb/gdb/btrace.c:1560
    #38 0x0000561cb77f583b in btrace_add_pc (tp=0x561cbba11210) at /home/smarchi/src/binutils-gdb/gdb/btrace.c:1589
    #39 0x0000561cb77f5a86 in btrace_enable (tp=0x561cbba11210, conf=0x561cb8ac6878 <record_btrace_conf>) at /home/smarchi/src/binutils-gdb/gdb/btrace.c:1629
    #40 0x0000561cb7d88d26 in record_btrace_enable_warn (tp=0x561cbba11210) at /home/smarchi/src/binutils-gdb/gdb/record-btrace.c:294
    #41 0x0000561cb7c603dc in std::__invoke_impl<void, void (*&)(thread_info*), thread_info*> (__f=@0x561cbb6c4878: 0x561cb7d88cdc <record_btrace_enable_warn(thread_info*)>) at /usr/include/c++/10/bits/invoke.h:60
    #42 0x0000561cb7c5e5a6 in std::__invoke_r<void, void (*&)(thread_info*), thread_info*> (__fn=@0x561cbb6c4878: 0x561cb7d88cdc <record_btrace_enable_warn(thread_info*)>) at /usr/include/c++/10/bits/invoke.h:153
    #43 0x0000561cb7c5dc92 in std::_Function_handler<void (thread_info*), void (*)(thread_info*)>::_M_invoke(std::_Any_data const&, thread_info*&&) (__functor=..., __args#0=@0x7ffc4ee35310: 0x561cbba11210) at /usr/include/c++/10/bits/std_function.h:291
    #44 0x0000561cb7f2600f in std::function<void (thread_info*)>::operator()(thread_info*) const (this=0x561cbb6c4878, __args#0=0x561cbba11210) at /usr/include/c++/10/bits/std_function.h:622
    #45 0x0000561cb7f23dc8 in gdb::observers::observable<thread_info*>::notify (this=0x561cb8ac5aa0 <gdb::observers::new_thread>, args#0=0x561cbba11210) at /home/smarchi/src/binutils-gdb/gdb/../gdbsupport/observable.h:150
    #46 0x0000561cb7f1c436 in add_thread_silent (targ=0x561cb8aafb60 <the_amd64_linux_nat_target>, ptid=...) at /home/smarchi/src/binutils-gdb/gdb/thread.c:263
    #47 0x0000561cb7f1c479 in add_thread_with_info (targ=0x561cb8aafb60 <the_amd64_linux_nat_target>, ptid=..., priv=0x561cbb3f7ab0) at /home/smarchi/src/binutils-gdb/gdb/thread.c:272
    #48 0x0000561cb7bfa1d0 in record_thread (info=0x561cbb0413a0, tp=0x0, ptid=..., th_p=0x7ffc4ee35610, ti_p=0x7ffc4ee35620) at /home/smarchi/src/binutils-gdb/gdb/linux-thread-db.c:1380
    #49 0x0000561cb7bf7a2a in thread_from_lwp (stopped=0x561cba81db20, ptid=...) at /home/smarchi/src/binutils-gdb/gdb/linux-thread-db.c:429
    #50 0x0000561cb7bf7ac5 in thread_db_notice_clone (parent=..., child=...) at /home/smarchi/src/binutils-gdb/gdb/linux-thread-db.c:447
    #51 0x0000561cb7bdc9a2 in linux_handle_extended_wait (lp=0x561cbae25720, status=4991) at /home/smarchi/src/binutils-gdb/gdb/linux-nat.c:1981
    #52 0x0000561cb7bdf0f3 in linux_nat_filter_event (lwpid=435403, status=198015) at /home/smarchi/src/binutils-gdb/gdb/linux-nat.c:2920
    #53 0x0000561cb7bdfed6 in linux_nat_wait_1 (ptid=..., ourstatus=0x7ffc4ee36398, target_options=...) at /home/smarchi/src/binutils-gdb/gdb/linux-nat.c:3202
    #54 0x0000561cb7be0b68 in linux_nat_target::wait (this=0x561cb8aafb60 <the_amd64_linux_nat_target>, ptid=..., ourstatus=0x7ffc4ee36398, target_options=...) at /home/smarchi/src/binutils-gdb/gdb/linux-nat.c:3440
    #55 0x0000561cb7bfa2fc in thread_db_target::wait (this=0x561cb8a9acd0 <the_thread_db_target>, ptid=..., ourstatus=0x7ffc4ee36398, options=...) at /home/smarchi/src/binutils-gdb/gdb/linux-thread-db.c:1412
    #56 0x0000561cb7d8e356 in record_btrace_target::wait (this=0x561cb8aa6250 <record_btrace_ops>, ptid=..., status=0x7ffc4ee36398, options=...) at /home/smarchi/src/binutils-gdb/gdb/record-btrace.c:2547
    #57 0x0000561cb7ef996d in target_wait (ptid=..., status=0x7ffc4ee36398, options=...) at /home/smarchi/src/binutils-gdb/gdb/target.c:2608
    #58 0x0000561cb7b6d297 in do_target_wait_1 (inf=0x561cba6d8780, ptid=..., status=0x7ffc4ee36398, options=...) at /home/smarchi/src/binutils-gdb/gdb/infrun.c:3640
    #59 0x0000561cb7b6d43e in operator() (__closure=0x7ffc4ee36190, inf=0x561cba6d8780) at /home/smarchi/src/binutils-gdb/gdb/infrun.c:3701
    #60 0x0000561cb7b6d7b2 in do_target_wait (ecs=0x7ffc4ee36370, options=...) at /home/smarchi/src/binutils-gdb/gdb/infrun.c:3720
    #61 0x0000561cb7b6e67d in fetch_inferior_event () at /home/smarchi/src/binutils-gdb/gdb/infrun.c:4069
    #62 0x0000561cb7b4659b in inferior_event_handler (event_type=INF_REG_EVENT) at /home/smarchi/src/binutils-gdb/gdb/inf-loop.c:41
    #63 0x0000561cb7be25f7 in handle_target_event (error=0, client_data=0x0) at /home/smarchi/src/binutils-gdb/gdb/linux-nat.c:4227
    #64 0x0000561cb81e4ee2 in handle_file_event (file_ptr=0x561cbae24e10, ready_mask=1) at /home/smarchi/src/binutils-gdb/gdbsupport/event-loop.cc:575
    #65 0x0000561cb81e5490 in gdb_wait_for_event (block=0) at /home/smarchi/src/binutils-gdb/gdbsupport/event-loop.cc:701
    #66 0x0000561cb81e41be in gdb_do_one_event () at /home/smarchi/src/binutils-gdb/gdbsupport/event-loop.cc:212
    #67 0x0000561cb7c18096 in start_event_loop () at /home/smarchi/src/binutils-gdb/gdb/main.c:421
    #68 0x0000561cb7c181e0 in captured_command_loop () at /home/smarchi/src/binutils-gdb/gdb/main.c:481
    #69 0x0000561cb7c19d7e in captured_main (data=0x7ffc4ee366a0) at /home/smarchi/src/binutils-gdb/gdb/main.c:1353
    #70 0x0000561cb7c19df0 in gdb_main (args=0x7ffc4ee366a0) at /home/smarchi/src/binutils-gdb/gdb/main.c:1368
    #71 0x0000561cb7693186 in main (argc=11, argv=0x7ffc4ee367b8) at /home/smarchi/src/binutils-gdb/gdb/gdb.c:32

At frame 45, the new_thread observable is fired.  At this moment, the
new thread isn't the current thread, inferior_ptid is null_ptid.  I
think this is ok: the new_thread observable doesn't give any guarantee
on the global context when observers are invoked.  Frame 35,
btrace_compute_ftrace_bts, calls gdb_insn_length.  gdb_insn_length
doesn't have a thread_info or other parameter what could indicate where
to read memory from, it implicitly uses the global context
(inferior_ptid).

So we reach the all_non_exited_threads_range in
record_btrace_target::record_is_replaying with a null inferior_ptid.
The previous implemention of all_non_exited_threads_range didn't care,
but the new one does.  The problem of calling gdb_insn_length and
ultimately trying to read memory with a null inferior_ptid already
existed, but the commit mentioned above made it visible.

Something between frames 40 (record_btrace_enable_warn) and 35
(btrace_compute_ftrace_bts) needs to be switching the global context to
make TP the current thread.  Since btrace_compute_ftrace_bts takes the
thread_info to work with as a parameter, that typically means that it
doesn't require its caller to also set the global current context
(current thread) when calling.  If it needs to call other functions
that do require the global current thread to be set, then it needs to
temporarily change the current thread while calling these other
functions.  Therefore, switch and restore the current thread in
btrace_compute_ftrace_bts.

By inspection, it looks like btrace_compute_ftrace_pt may also call
functions sensitive to the global context: it installs the
btrace_pt_readmem_callback callback in the PT instruction decoder.  When
this function gets called, inferior_ptid must be set appropriately.  Add
a switch and restore in there too.

Bug: https://sourceware.org/bugzilla/show_bug.cgi?id=28086
Change-Id: I407fbfe41aab990068bd102491aa3709b0a034b3
tromey pushed a commit that referenced this issue Jan 28, 2022
g++ 11.1.0 has a bug where it will emit a negative
DW_AT_data_member_location in some cases:

    $ cat test.cpp
    #include <memory>

    int
    main()
    {
      std::unique_ptr<int> ptr;
    }
    $ g++ -g test.cpp
    $ llvm-dwarfdump -F a.out
    ...
    0x00000964:       DW_TAG_member
                        DW_AT_name [DW_FORM_strp]   ("_M_head_impl")
                        DW_AT_decl_file [DW_FORM_data1]     ("/usr/include/c++/11.1.0/tuple")
                        DW_AT_decl_line [DW_FORM_data1]     (125)
                        DW_AT_decl_column [DW_FORM_data1]   (0x27)
                        DW_AT_type [DW_FORM_ref4]   (0x0000067a "default_delete<int>")
                        DW_AT_data_member_location [DW_FORM_sdata]  (-1)
    ...

This leads to a GDB crash (when built with ASan, otherwise probably
garbage results), since it tries to read just before (to the left, in
ASan speak) of the value's buffer:

    ==888645==ERROR: AddressSanitizer: heap-buffer-overflow on address 0x6020000c52af at pc 0x7f711b239f4b bp 0x7fff356bd470 sp 0x7fff356bcc18
    READ of size 1 at 0x6020000c52af thread T0
        #0 0x7f711b239f4a in __interceptor_memcpy /build/gcc/src/gcc/libsanitizer/sanitizer_common/sanitizer_common_interceptors.inc:827
        #1 0x555c4977efa1 in value_contents_copy_raw /home/simark/src/binutils-gdb/gdb/value.c:1347
        #2 0x555c497909cd in value_primitive_field(value*, long, int, type*) /home/simark/src/binutils-gdb/gdb/value.c:3126
        #3 0x555c478f2eaa in cp_print_value_fields(value*, ui_file*, int, value_print_options const*, type**, int) /home/simark/src/binutils-gdb/gdb/cp-valprint.c:333
        #4 0x555c478f63b2 in cp_print_value /home/simark/src/binutils-gdb/gdb/cp-valprint.c:513
        #5 0x555c478f02ca in cp_print_value_fields(value*, ui_file*, int, value_print_options const*, type**, int) /home/simark/src/binutils-gdb/gdb/cp-valprint.c:161
        #6 0x555c478f63b2 in cp_print_value /home/simark/src/binutils-gdb/gdb/cp-valprint.c:513
        #7 0x555c478f02ca in cp_print_value_fields(value*, ui_file*, int, value_print_options const*, type**, int) /home/simark/src/binutils-gdb/gdb/cp-valprint.c:161
        #8 0x555c478f63b2 in cp_print_value /home/simark/src/binutils-gdb/gdb/cp-valprint.c:513
        #9 0x555c478f02ca in cp_print_value_fields(value*, ui_file*, int, value_print_options const*, type**, int) /home/simark/src/binutils-gdb/gdb/cp-valprint.c:161
        #10 0x555c4760d45f in c_value_print_struct /home/simark/src/binutils-gdb/gdb/c-valprint.c:383
        #11 0x555c4760df4c in c_value_print_inner(value*, ui_file*, int, value_print_options const*) /home/simark/src/binutils-gdb/gdb/c-valprint.c:438
        #12 0x555c483ff9a7 in language_defn::value_print_inner(value*, ui_file*, int, value_print_options const*) const /home/simark/src/binutils-gdb/gdb/language.c:632
        #13 0x555c49758b68 in do_val_print /home/simark/src/binutils-gdb/gdb/valprint.c:1048
        #14 0x555c49759b17 in common_val_print(value*, ui_file*, int, value_print_options const*, language_defn const*) /home/simark/src/binutils-gdb/gdb/valprint.c:1151
        #15 0x555c478f2fcb in cp_print_value_fields(value*, ui_file*, int, value_print_options const*, type**, int) /home/simark/src/binutils-gdb/gdb/cp-valprint.c:335
        #16 0x555c478f63b2 in cp_print_value /home/simark/src/binutils-gdb/gdb/cp-valprint.c:513
        #17 0x555c478f02ca in cp_print_value_fields(value*, ui_file*, int, value_print_options const*, type**, int) /home/simark/src/binutils-gdb/gdb/cp-valprint.c:161
        #18 0x555c4760d45f in c_value_print_struct /home/simark/src/binutils-gdb/gdb/c-valprint.c:383
        #19 0x555c4760df4c in c_value_print_inner(value*, ui_file*, int, value_print_options const*) /home/simark/src/binutils-gdb/gdb/c-valprint.c:438
        #20 0x555c483ff9a7 in language_defn::value_print_inner(value*, ui_file*, int, value_print_options const*) const /home/simark/src/binutils-gdb/gdb/language.c:632
        #21 0x555c49758b68 in do_val_print /home/simark/src/binutils-gdb/gdb/valprint.c:1048
        #22 0x555c49759b17 in common_val_print(value*, ui_file*, int, value_print_options const*, language_defn const*) /home/simark/src/binutils-gdb/gdb/valprint.c:1151
        #23 0x555c478f2fcb in cp_print_value_fields(value*, ui_file*, int, value_print_options const*, type**, int) /home/simark/src/binutils-gdb/gdb/cp-valprint.c:335
        #24 0x555c4760d45f in c_value_print_struct /home/simark/src/binutils-gdb/gdb/c-valprint.c:383
        #25 0x555c4760df4c in c_value_print_inner(value*, ui_file*, int, value_print_options const*) /home/simark/src/binutils-gdb/gdb/c-valprint.c:438
        #26 0x555c483ff9a7 in language_defn::value_print_inner(value*, ui_file*, int, value_print_options const*) const /home/simark/src/binutils-gdb/gdb/language.c:632
        #27 0x555c49758b68 in do_val_print /home/simark/src/binutils-gdb/gdb/valprint.c:1048
        #28 0x555c49759b17 in common_val_print(value*, ui_file*, int, value_print_options const*, language_defn const*) /home/simark/src/binutils-gdb/gdb/valprint.c:1151
        #29 0x555c4760f04c in c_value_print(value*, ui_file*, value_print_options const*) /home/simark/src/binutils-gdb/gdb/c-valprint.c:587
        #30 0x555c483ff954 in language_defn::value_print(value*, ui_file*, value_print_options const*) const /home/simark/src/binutils-gdb/gdb/language.c:614
        #31 0x555c49759f61 in value_print(value*, ui_file*, value_print_options const*) /home/simark/src/binutils-gdb/gdb/valprint.c:1189
        #32 0x555c48950f70 in print_formatted /home/simark/src/binutils-gdb/gdb/printcmd.c:337
        #33 0x555c48958eda in print_value(value*, value_print_options const&) /home/simark/src/binutils-gdb/gdb/printcmd.c:1258
        #34 0x555c48959891 in print_command_1 /home/simark/src/binutils-gdb/gdb/printcmd.c:1367
        #35 0x555c4895a3df in print_command /home/simark/src/binutils-gdb/gdb/printcmd.c:1458
        #36 0x555c4767f974 in do_simple_func /home/simark/src/binutils-gdb/gdb/cli/cli-decode.c:97
        #37 0x555c47692e25 in cmd_func(cmd_list_element*, char const*, int) /home/simark/src/binutils-gdb/gdb/cli/cli-decode.c:2475
        #38 0x555c4936107e in execute_command(char const*, int) /home/simark/src/binutils-gdb/gdb/top.c:670
        #39 0x555c485f1bff in catch_command_errors /home/simark/src/binutils-gdb/gdb/main.c:523
        #40 0x555c485f249c in execute_cmdargs /home/simark/src/binutils-gdb/gdb/main.c:618
        #41 0x555c485f6677 in captured_main_1 /home/simark/src/binutils-gdb/gdb/main.c:1317
        #42 0x555c485f6c83 in captured_main /home/simark/src/binutils-gdb/gdb/main.c:1338
        #43 0x555c485f6d65 in gdb_main(captured_main_args*) /home/simark/src/binutils-gdb/gdb/main.c:1363
        #44 0x555c46e41ba8 in main /home/simark/src/binutils-gdb/gdb/gdb.c:32
        #45 0x7f71198bcb24 in __libc_start_main (/usr/lib/libc.so.6+0x27b24)
        #46 0x555c46e4197d in _start (/home/simark/build/binutils-gdb-one-target/gdb/gdb+0x77f197d)

    0x6020000c52af is located 1 bytes to the left of 8-byte region [0x6020000c52b0,0x6020000c52b8)
    allocated by thread T0 here:
        #0 0x7f711b2b7459 in __interceptor_calloc /build/gcc/src/gcc/libsanitizer/asan/asan_malloc_linux.cpp:154
        #1 0x555c470acdc9 in xcalloc /home/simark/src/binutils-gdb/gdb/alloc.c:100
        #2 0x555c49b775cd in xzalloc(unsigned long) /home/simark/src/binutils-gdb/gdbsupport/common-utils.cc:29
        #3 0x555c4977bdeb in allocate_value_contents /home/simark/src/binutils-gdb/gdb/value.c:1029
        #4 0x555c4977be25 in allocate_value(type*) /home/simark/src/binutils-gdb/gdb/value.c:1040
        #5 0x555c4979030d in value_primitive_field(value*, long, int, type*) /home/simark/src/binutils-gdb/gdb/value.c:3092
        #6 0x555c478f6280 in cp_print_value /home/simark/src/binutils-gdb/gdb/cp-valprint.c:501
        #7 0x555c478f02ca in cp_print_value_fields(value*, ui_file*, int, value_print_options const*, type**, int) /home/simark/src/binutils-gdb/gdb/cp-valprint.c:161
        #8 0x555c478f63b2 in cp_print_value /home/simark/src/binutils-gdb/gdb/cp-valprint.c:513
        #9 0x555c478f02ca in cp_print_value_fields(value*, ui_file*, int, value_print_options const*, type**, int) /home/simark/src/binutils-gdb/gdb/cp-valprint.c:161
        #10 0x555c478f63b2 in cp_print_value /home/simark/src/binutils-gdb/gdb/cp-valprint.c:513
        #11 0x555c478f02ca in cp_print_value_fields(value*, ui_file*, int, value_print_options const*, type**, int) /home/simark/src/binutils-gdb/gdb/cp-valprint.c:161
        #12 0x555c4760d45f in c_value_print_struct /home/simark/src/binutils-gdb/gdb/c-valprint.c:383
        #13 0x555c4760df4c in c_value_print_inner(value*, ui_file*, int, value_print_options const*) /home/simark/src/binutils-gdb/gdb/c-valprint.c:438
        #14 0x555c483ff9a7 in language_defn::value_print_inner(value*, ui_file*, int, value_print_options const*) const /home/simark/src/binutils-gdb/gdb/language.c:632
        #15 0x555c49758b68 in do_val_print /home/simark/src/binutils-gdb/gdb/valprint.c:1048
        #16 0x555c49759b17 in common_val_print(value*, ui_file*, int, value_print_options const*, language_defn const*) /home/simark/src/binutils-gdb/gdb/valprint.c:1151
        #17 0x555c478f2fcb in cp_print_value_fields(value*, ui_file*, int, value_print_options const*, type**, int) /home/simark/src/binutils-gdb/gdb/cp-valprint.c:335
        #18 0x555c478f63b2 in cp_print_value /home/simark/src/binutils-gdb/gdb/cp-valprint.c:513
        #19 0x555c478f02ca in cp_print_value_fields(value*, ui_file*, int, value_print_options const*, type**, int) /home/simark/src/binutils-gdb/gdb/cp-valprint.c:161
        #20 0x555c4760d45f in c_value_print_struct /home/simark/src/binutils-gdb/gdb/c-valprint.c:383
        #21 0x555c4760df4c in c_value_print_inner(value*, ui_file*, int, value_print_options const*) /home/simark/src/binutils-gdb/gdb/c-valprint.c:438
        #22 0x555c483ff9a7 in language_defn::value_print_inner(value*, ui_file*, int, value_print_options const*) const /home/simark/src/binutils-gdb/gdb/language.c:632
        #23 0x555c49758b68 in do_val_print /home/simark/src/binutils-gdb/gdb/valprint.c:1048
        #24 0x555c49759b17 in common_val_print(value*, ui_file*, int, value_print_options const*, language_defn const*) /home/simark/src/binutils-gdb/gdb/valprint.c:1151
        #25 0x555c478f2fcb in cp_print_value_fields(value*, ui_file*, int, value_print_options const*, type**, int) /home/simark/src/binutils-gdb/gdb/cp-valprint.c:335
        #26 0x555c4760d45f in c_value_print_struct /home/simark/src/binutils-gdb/gdb/c-valprint.c:383
        #27 0x555c4760df4c in c_value_print_inner(value*, ui_file*, int, value_print_options const*) /home/simark/src/binutils-gdb/gdb/c-valprint.c:438
        #28 0x555c483ff9a7 in language_defn::value_print_inner(value*, ui_file*, int, value_print_options const*) const /home/simark/src/binutils-gdb/gdb/language.c:632
        #29 0x555c49758b68 in do_val_print /home/simark/src/binutils-gdb/gdb/valprint.c:1048

Since there are some binaries with this in the wild, I think it would be
useful for GDB to work around this.  I did the obvious simple thing, if
the DW_AT_data_member_location's value is -1, replace it with 0.  I
added a producer check to only apply this fixup for GCC 11.  The idea is
that if some other compiler ever uses a DW_AT_data_member_location value
of -1 by mistake, we don't know (before analyzing the bug at least) if
they did mean 0 or some other value.  So I wouldn't want to apply the
fixup in that case.

Bug: https://sourceware.org/bugzilla/show_bug.cgi?id=28063
Change-Id: Ieef3459b0b9bbce8bdad838ba83b4b64e7269d42
tromey pushed a commit that referenced this issue Sep 21, 2022
This commit adds a hook to the BFD error handler for suppressing
identical messages which have been output once already.

It's motivated by this Fedora bug...

https://bugzilla.redhat.com/show_bug.cgi?id=2083315

...in which over 900,000 BFD error messages are output when attaching
to firefox.  From the bug report, the messages all say:

BFD: /usr/lib/debug/usr/lib64/firefox/libxul.so-100.0-2.fc35.x86_64.debug: attempt to load strings from a non-string section (number 38)

Since there's no (additional) context which might assist the user in
determining what's wrong, there's really no point in outputting more
than one message.  Of course, if BFD should output some
other/different message, it should be output too, but all future
messages identical to those already output should be suppressed.

For the firefox problem, it turned out that there were only 37
sections, but something was referring to section #38.  I haven't
investigated further to find out how this came to be.

Despite this problem, useful debugging might still be done, especially
if the user doesn't care about debugging the problematic library.

If it turns out that knowing the quantity of messages might be useful,
I've implemented the suppression mechanism by keeping a count of each
identical message.  A new GDB command, perhaps a 'maintenance'
command, could be added to print out each message along with the
count.  I haven't implemented this though because I'm not convinced of
its utility.  Also, the BFD message printer has support for BFD-
specific format specifiers.  The BFD message strings that GDB stores
in its map are sufficient for distinguishing messages from each
other, but are not identical to those output by BFD's default error
handler.  So, that problem would need to be solved too.
tromey pushed a commit that referenced this issue May 10, 2023
Commit 7a8de0c ("Remove ALL_BREAKPOINTS_SAFE") introduced a
use-after-free in the breakpoints iterations (see below for full ASan
report).  This makes gdb.base/stale-infcall.exp fail when GDB is build
with ASan.

check_longjmp_breakpoint_for_call_dummy iterates on all breakpoints,
possibly deleting the current breakpoint as well as related breakpoints.
The problem arises when a breakpoint in the B->related_breakpoint chain
is also B->next.  In that case, deleting that related breakpoint frees
the breakpoint that all_breakpoints_safe has saved.

The old code worked around that by manually changing B_TMP, which was
the next breakpoint saved by the "safe iterator":

	while (b->related_breakpoint != b)
	  {
	    if (b_tmp == b->related_breakpoint)
	      b_tmp = b->related_breakpoint->next;
	    delete_breakpoint (b->related_breakpoint);
	  }

(Note that this seemed to assume that b->related_breakpoint->next was
the same as b->next->next, not sure this is guaranteed.)

The new code kept the B_TMP variable, but it's not useful in that
context.  We can't go change the next breakpoint as saved by the safe
iterator, like we did before.  I suggest fixing that by saving the
breakpoints to delete in a map and deleting them all at the end.

Here's the full ASan report:

    (gdb) PASS: gdb.base/stale-infcall.exp: continue to breakpoint: break-run1
    print infcall ()
    =================================================================
    ==47472==ERROR: AddressSanitizer: heap-use-after-free on address 0x611000034980 at pc 0x563f7012c7bc bp 0x7ffdf3804d70 sp 0x7ffdf3804d60
    READ of size 8 at 0x611000034980 thread T0
        #0 0x563f7012c7bb in next_iterator<breakpoint>::operator++() /home/smarchi/src/binutils-gdb/gdb/../gdbsupport/next-iterator.h:66
        #1 0x563f702ce8c0 in basic_safe_iterator<next_iterator<breakpoint> >::operator++() /home/smarchi/src/binutils-gdb/gdb/../gdbsupport/safe-iterator.h:84
        #2 0x563f7021522a in check_longjmp_breakpoint_for_call_dummy(thread_info*) /home/smarchi/src/binutils-gdb/gdb/breakpoint.c:7611
        #3 0x563f714567b1 in process_event_stop_test /home/smarchi/src/binutils-gdb/gdb/infrun.c:6881
        #4 0x563f71454e07 in handle_signal_stop /home/smarchi/src/binutils-gdb/gdb/infrun.c:6769
        #5 0x563f7144b680 in handle_inferior_event /home/smarchi/src/binutils-gdb/gdb/infrun.c:6023
        #6 0x563f71436165 in fetch_inferior_event() /home/smarchi/src/binutils-gdb/gdb/infrun.c:4387
        #7 0x563f7136ff51 in inferior_event_handler(inferior_event_type) /home/smarchi/src/binutils-gdb/gdb/inf-loop.c:42
        #8 0x563f7168038d in handle_target_event /home/smarchi/src/binutils-gdb/gdb/linux-nat.c:4219
        #9 0x563f72fccb6d in handle_file_event /home/smarchi/src/binutils-gdb/gdbsupport/event-loop.cc:573
        #10 0x563f72fcd503 in gdb_wait_for_event /home/smarchi/src/binutils-gdb/gdbsupport/event-loop.cc:694
        #11 0x563f72fcaf2b in gdb_do_one_event(int) /home/smarchi/src/binutils-gdb/gdbsupport/event-loop.cc:217
        #12 0x563f7262b9bb in wait_sync_command_done() /home/smarchi/src/binutils-gdb/gdb/top.c:426
        #13 0x563f7137a7c3 in run_inferior_call /home/smarchi/src/binutils-gdb/gdb/infcall.c:650
        #14 0x563f71381295 in call_function_by_hand_dummy(value*, type*, gdb::array_view<value*>, void (*)(void*, int), void*) /home/smarchi/src/binutils-gdb/gdb/infcall.c:1332
        #15 0x563f7137c0e2 in call_function_by_hand(value*, type*, gdb::array_view<value*>) /home/smarchi/src/binutils-gdb/gdb/infcall.c:780
        #16 0x563f70fe5960 in evaluate_subexp_do_call(expression*, noside, value*, gdb::array_view<value*>, char const*, type*) /home/smarchi/src/binutils-gdb/gdb/eval.c:649
        #17 0x563f70fe6617 in expr::operation::evaluate_funcall(type*, expression*, noside, char const*, std::__debug::vector<std::unique_ptr<expr::operation, std::default_delete<expr::operation> >, std::allocator<std::unique_ptr<expr::operation, std::default_delete<expr::operation> > > > const&) /home/smarchi/src/binutils-gdb/gdb/eval.c:677
        #18 0x563f6fd19668 in expr::operation::evaluate_funcall(type*, expression*, noside, std::__debug::vector<std::unique_ptr<expr::operation, std::default_delete<expr::operation> >, std::allocator<std::unique_ptr<expr::operation, std::default_delete<expr::operation> > > > const&) /home/smarchi/src/binutils-gdb/gdb/expression.h:136
        #19 0x563f70fe6bba in expr::var_value_operation::evaluate_funcall(type*, expression*, noside, std::__debug::vector<std::unique_ptr<expr::operation, std::default_delete<expr::operation> >, std::allocator<std::unique_ptr<expr::operation, std::default_delete<expr::operation> > > > const&) /home/smarchi/src/binutils-gdb/gdb/eval.c:689
        #20 0x563f704b71dc in expr::funcall_operation::evaluate(type*, expression*, noside) /home/smarchi/src/binutils-gdb/gdb/expop.h:2219
        #21 0x563f70fe0f02 in expression::evaluate(type*, noside) /home/smarchi/src/binutils-gdb/gdb/eval.c:110
        #22 0x563f71b1373e in process_print_command_args /home/smarchi/src/binutils-gdb/gdb/printcmd.c:1319
        #23 0x563f71b1391b in print_command_1 /home/smarchi/src/binutils-gdb/gdb/printcmd.c:1332
        #24 0x563f71b147ec in print_command /home/smarchi/src/binutils-gdb/gdb/printcmd.c:1465
        #25 0x563f706029b8 in do_simple_func /home/smarchi/src/binutils-gdb/gdb/cli/cli-decode.c:95
        #26 0x563f7061972a in cmd_func(cmd_list_element*, char const*, int) /home/smarchi/src/binutils-gdb/gdb/cli/cli-decode.c:2735
        #27 0x563f7262d0ef in execute_command(char const*, int) /home/smarchi/src/binutils-gdb/gdb/top.c:572
        #28 0x563f7100ed9c in command_handler(char const*) /home/smarchi/src/binutils-gdb/gdb/event-top.c:543
        #29 0x563f7101014b in command_line_handler(std::unique_ptr<char, gdb::xfree_deleter<char> >&&) /home/smarchi/src/binutils-gdb/gdb/event-top.c:779
        #30 0x563f72777942 in tui_command_line_handler /home/smarchi/src/binutils-gdb/gdb/tui/tui-interp.c:104
        #31 0x563f7100d059 in gdb_rl_callback_handler /home/smarchi/src/binutils-gdb/gdb/event-top.c:250
        #32 0x7f5a80418246 in rl_callback_read_char (/usr/lib/libreadline.so.8+0x3b246) (BuildId: 092e91fc4361b0ef94561e3ae03a75f69398acbb)
        #33 0x563f7100ca06 in gdb_rl_callback_read_char_wrapper_noexcept /home/smarchi/src/binutils-gdb/gdb/event-top.c:192
        #34 0x563f7100cc5e in gdb_rl_callback_read_char_wrapper /home/smarchi/src/binutils-gdb/gdb/event-top.c:225
        #35 0x563f728c70db in stdin_event_handler /home/smarchi/src/binutils-gdb/gdb/ui.c:155
        #36 0x563f72fccb6d in handle_file_event /home/smarchi/src/binutils-gdb/gdbsupport/event-loop.cc:573
        #37 0x563f72fcd503 in gdb_wait_for_event /home/smarchi/src/binutils-gdb/gdbsupport/event-loop.cc:694
        #38 0x563f72fcb15c in gdb_do_one_event(int) /home/smarchi/src/binutils-gdb/gdbsupport/event-loop.cc:264
        #39 0x563f7177ec1c in start_event_loop /home/smarchi/src/binutils-gdb/gdb/main.c:412
        #40 0x563f7177f12e in captured_command_loop /home/smarchi/src/binutils-gdb/gdb/main.c:476
        #41 0x563f717846e4 in captured_main /home/smarchi/src/binutils-gdb/gdb/main.c:1320
        #42 0x563f71784821 in gdb_main(captured_main_args*) /home/smarchi/src/binutils-gdb/gdb/main.c:1339
        #43 0x563f6fcedfbd in main /home/smarchi/src/binutils-gdb/gdb/gdb.c:32
        #44 0x7f5a7e43984f  (/usr/lib/libc.so.6+0x2384f) (BuildId: 2f005a79cd1a8e385972f5a102f16adba414d75e)
        #45 0x7f5a7e439909 in __libc_start_main (/usr/lib/libc.so.6+0x23909) (BuildId: 2f005a79cd1a8e385972f5a102f16adba414d75e)
        #46 0x563f6fcedd84 in _start (/home/smarchi/build/binutils-gdb/gdb/gdb+0xafb0d84) (BuildId: 50bd32e6e9d5e84543e9897b8faca34858ca3995)

    0x611000034980 is located 0 bytes inside of 208-byte region [0x611000034980,0x611000034a50)
    freed by thread T0 here:
        #0 0x7f5a7fce312a in operator delete(void*, unsigned long) /usr/src/debug/gcc/gcc/libsanitizer/asan/asan_new_delete.cpp:164
        #1 0x563f702bd1fa in momentary_breakpoint::~momentary_breakpoint() /home/smarchi/src/binutils-gdb/gdb/breakpoint.c:304
        #2 0x563f702771c5 in delete_breakpoint(breakpoint*) /home/smarchi/src/binutils-gdb/gdb/breakpoint.c:12404
        #3 0x563f702150a7 in check_longjmp_breakpoint_for_call_dummy(thread_info*) /home/smarchi/src/binutils-gdb/gdb/breakpoint.c:7673
        #4 0x563f714567b1 in process_event_stop_test /home/smarchi/src/binutils-gdb/gdb/infrun.c:6881
        #5 0x563f71454e07 in handle_signal_stop /home/smarchi/src/binutils-gdb/gdb/infrun.c:6769
        #6 0x563f7144b680 in handle_inferior_event /home/smarchi/src/binutils-gdb/gdb/infrun.c:6023
        #7 0x563f71436165 in fetch_inferior_event() /home/smarchi/src/binutils-gdb/gdb/infrun.c:4387
        #8 0x563f7136ff51 in inferior_event_handler(inferior_event_type) /home/smarchi/src/binutils-gdb/gdb/inf-loop.c:42
        #9 0x563f7168038d in handle_target_event /home/smarchi/src/binutils-gdb/gdb/linux-nat.c:4219
        #10 0x563f72fccb6d in handle_file_event /home/smarchi/src/binutils-gdb/gdbsupport/event-loop.cc:573
        #11 0x563f72fcd503 in gdb_wait_for_event /home/smarchi/src/binutils-gdb/gdbsupport/event-loop.cc:694
        #12 0x563f72fcaf2b in gdb_do_one_event(int) /home/smarchi/src/binutils-gdb/gdbsupport/event-loop.cc:217
        #13 0x563f7262b9bb in wait_sync_command_done() /home/smarchi/src/binutils-gdb/gdb/top.c:426
        #14 0x563f7137a7c3 in run_inferior_call /home/smarchi/src/binutils-gdb/gdb/infcall.c:650
        #15 0x563f71381295 in call_function_by_hand_dummy(value*, type*, gdb::array_view<value*>, void (*)(void*, int), void*) /home/smarchi/src/binutils-gdb/gdb/infcall.c:1332
        #16 0x563f7137c0e2 in call_function_by_hand(value*, type*, gdb::array_view<value*>) /home/smarchi/src/binutils-gdb/gdb/infcall.c:780
        #17 0x563f70fe5960 in evaluate_subexp_do_call(expression*, noside, value*, gdb::array_view<value*>, char const*, type*) /home/smarchi/src/binutils-gdb/gdb/eval.c:649
        #18 0x563f70fe6617 in expr::operation::evaluate_funcall(type*, expression*, noside, char const*, std::__debug::vector<std::unique_ptr<expr::operation, std::default_delete<expr::operation> >, std::allocator<std::unique_ptr<expr::operation, std::default_delete<expr::operation> > > > const&) /home/smarchi/src/binutils-gdb/gdb/eval.c:677
        #19 0x563f6fd19668 in expr::operation::evaluate_funcall(type*, expression*, noside, std::__debug::vector<std::unique_ptr<expr::operation, std::default_delete<expr::operation> >, std::allocator<std::unique_ptr<expr::operation, std::default_delete<expr::operation> > > > const&) /home/smarchi/src/binutils-gdb/gdb/expression.h:136
        #20 0x563f70fe6bba in expr::var_value_operation::evaluate_funcall(type*, expression*, noside, std::__debug::vector<std::unique_ptr<expr::operation, std::default_delete<expr::operation> >, std::allocator<std::unique_ptr<expr::operation, std::default_delete<expr::operation> > > > const&) /home/smarchi/src/binutils-gdb/gdb/eval.c:689
        #21 0x563f704b71dc in expr::funcall_operation::evaluate(type*, expression*, noside) /home/smarchi/src/binutils-gdb/gdb/expop.h:2219
        #22 0x563f70fe0f02 in expression::evaluate(type*, noside) /home/smarchi/src/binutils-gdb/gdb/eval.c:110
        #23 0x563f71b1373e in process_print_command_args /home/smarchi/src/binutils-gdb/gdb/printcmd.c:1319
        #24 0x563f71b1391b in print_command_1 /home/smarchi/src/binutils-gdb/gdb/printcmd.c:1332
        #25 0x563f71b147ec in print_command /home/smarchi/src/binutils-gdb/gdb/printcmd.c:1465
        #26 0x563f706029b8 in do_simple_func /home/smarchi/src/binutils-gdb/gdb/cli/cli-decode.c:95
        #27 0x563f7061972a in cmd_func(cmd_list_element*, char const*, int) /home/smarchi/src/binutils-gdb/gdb/cli/cli-decode.c:2735
        #28 0x563f7262d0ef in execute_command(char const*, int) /home/smarchi/src/binutils-gdb/gdb/top.c:572
        #29 0x563f7100ed9c in command_handler(char const*) /home/smarchi/src/binutils-gdb/gdb/event-top.c:543

    previously allocated by thread T0 here:
        #0 0x7f5a7fce2012 in operator new(unsigned long) /usr/src/debug/gcc/gcc/libsanitizer/asan/asan_new_delete.cpp:95
        #1 0x563f7029a9a3 in new_momentary_breakpoint<program_space*&, frame_id&, int&> /home/smarchi/src/binutils-gdb/gdb/breakpoint.c:8129
        #2 0x563f702212f6 in momentary_breakpoint_from_master /home/smarchi/src/binutils-gdb/gdb/breakpoint.c:8169
        #3 0x563f70212db1 in set_longjmp_breakpoint_for_call_dummy() /home/smarchi/src/binutils-gdb/gdb/breakpoint.c:7582
        #4 0x563f713804db in call_function_by_hand_dummy(value*, type*, gdb::array_view<value*>, void (*)(void*, int), void*) /home/smarchi/src/binutils-gdb/gdb/infcall.c:1260
        #5 0x563f7137c0e2 in call_function_by_hand(value*, type*, gdb::array_view<value*>) /home/smarchi/src/binutils-gdb/gdb/infcall.c:780
        #6 0x563f70fe5960 in evaluate_subexp_do_call(expression*, noside, value*, gdb::array_view<value*>, char const*, type*) /home/smarchi/src/binutils-gdb/gdb/eval.c:649
        #7 0x563f70fe6617 in expr::operation::evaluate_funcall(type*, expression*, noside, char const*, std::__debug::vector<std::unique_ptr<expr::operation, std::default_delete<expr::operation> >, std::allocator<std::unique_ptr<expr::operation, std::default_delete<expr::operation> > > > const&) /home/smarchi/src/binutils-gdb/gdb/eval.c:677
        #8 0x563f6fd19668 in expr::operation::evaluate_funcall(type*, expression*, noside, std::__debug::vector<std::unique_ptr<expr::operation, std::default_delete<expr::operation> >, std::allocator<std::unique_ptr<expr::operation, std::default_delete<expr::operation> > > > const&) /home/smarchi/src/binutils-gdb/gdb/expression.h:136
        #9 0x563f70fe6bba in expr::var_value_operation::evaluate_funcall(type*, expression*, noside, std::__debug::vector<std::unique_ptr<expr::operation, std::default_delete<expr::operation> >, std::allocator<std::unique_ptr<expr::operation, std::default_delete<expr::operation> > > > const&) /home/smarchi/src/binutils-gdb/gdb/eval.c:689
        #10 0x563f704b71dc in expr::funcall_operation::evaluate(type*, expression*, noside) /home/smarchi/src/binutils-gdb/gdb/expop.h:2219
        #11 0x563f70fe0f02 in expression::evaluate(type*, noside) /home/smarchi/src/binutils-gdb/gdb/eval.c:110
        #12 0x563f71b1373e in process_print_command_args /home/smarchi/src/binutils-gdb/gdb/printcmd.c:1319
        #13 0x563f71b1391b in print_command_1 /home/smarchi/src/binutils-gdb/gdb/printcmd.c:1332
        #14 0x563f71b147ec in print_command /home/smarchi/src/binutils-gdb/gdb/printcmd.c:1465
        #15 0x563f706029b8 in do_simple_func /home/smarchi/src/binutils-gdb/gdb/cli/cli-decode.c:95
        #16 0x563f7061972a in cmd_func(cmd_list_element*, char const*, int) /home/smarchi/src/binutils-gdb/gdb/cli/cli-decode.c:2735
        #17 0x563f7262d0ef in execute_command(char const*, int) /home/smarchi/src/binutils-gdb/gdb/top.c:572
        #18 0x563f7100ed9c in command_handler(char const*) /home/smarchi/src/binutils-gdb/gdb/event-top.c:543
        #19 0x563f7101014b in command_line_handler(std::unique_ptr<char, gdb::xfree_deleter<char> >&&) /home/smarchi/src/binutils-gdb/gdb/event-top.c:779
        #20 0x563f72777942 in tui_command_line_handler /home/smarchi/src/binutils-gdb/gdb/tui/tui-interp.c:104
        #21 0x563f7100d059 in gdb_rl_callback_handler /home/smarchi/src/binutils-gdb/gdb/event-top.c:250
        #22 0x7f5a80418246 in rl_callback_read_char (/usr/lib/libreadline.so.8+0x3b246) (BuildId: 092e91fc4361b0ef94561e3ae03a75f69398acbb)

Change-Id: Id00c17ab677f847fbf4efdf0f4038373668d3d88
Approved-By: Tom Tromey <tom@tromey.com>
tromey pushed a commit that referenced this issue Aug 4, 2023
With gdb build with -fsanitize=thread and test-case gdb.base/index-cache.exp I
run into:
...
(gdb) file build/gdb/testsuite/outputs/gdb.base/index-cache/index-cache
Reading symbols from build/gdb/testsuite/outputs/gdb.base/index-cache/index-cache...
==================
WARNING: ThreadSanitizer: data race (pid=24296)
  Write of size 1 at 0x7b200000420d by main thread:
    #0 queue_comp_unit gdb/dwarf2/read.c:5564 (gdb+0x8939ce)
    #1 dw2_do_instantiate_symtab gdb/dwarf2/read.c:1754 (gdb+0x885b96)
    #2 dw2_instantiate_symtab gdb/dwarf2/read.c:1792 (gdb+0x885d86)
    #3 dw2_expand_symtabs_matching_one(dwarf2_per_cu_data*, dwarf2_per_objfile*, gdb::function_view<bool (char const*, bool)>, gdb::function_view<bool (compunit_symtab*)>) gdb/dwarf2/read.c:3042 (gdb+0x88ac77)
    #4 cooked_index_functions::expand_symtabs_matching(objfile*, gdb::function_view<bool (char const*, bool)>, lookup_name_info const*, gdb::function_view<bool (char const*)>, gdb::function_view<bool (compunit_symtab*)>, enum_flags<block_search_flag_values>, domain_enum, search_domain) gdb/dwarf2/read.c:16915 (gdb+0x8c1c8a)
    #5 objfile::lookup_symbol(block_enum, char const*, domain_enum) gdb/symfile-debug.c:288 (gdb+0xf389a1)
    #6 lookup_symbol_via_quick_fns gdb/symtab.c:2385 (gdb+0xf66403)
    #7 lookup_symbol_in_objfile gdb/symtab.c:2516 (gdb+0xf66a67)
    #8 operator() gdb/symtab.c:2562 (gdb+0xf66bbe)
    #9 operator() gdb/../gdbsupport/function-view.h:305 (gdb+0xf76ffd)
    #10 _FUN gdb/../gdbsupport/function-view.h:299 (gdb+0xf77054)
    #11 gdb::function_view<bool (objfile*)>::operator()(objfile*) const gdb/../gdbsupport/function-view.h:289 (gdb+0xc3f5e3)
    #12 svr4_iterate_over_objfiles_in_search_order gdb/solib-svr4.c:3455 (gdb+0xeca793)
    #13 gdbarch_iterate_over_objfiles_in_search_order(gdbarch*, gdb::function_view<bool (objfile*)>, objfile*) gdb/gdbarch.c:5041 (gdb+0x537cad)
    #14 lookup_global_or_static_symbol gdb/symtab.c:2559 (gdb+0xf66e47)
    #15 lookup_global_symbol(char const*, block const*, domain_enum) gdb/symtab.c:2615 (gdb+0xf670cc)
    #16 language_defn::lookup_symbol_nonlocal(char const*, block const*, domain_enum) const gdb/symtab.c:2447 (gdb+0xf666ba)
    #17 lookup_symbol_aux gdb/symtab.c:2123 (gdb+0xf655ff)
    #18 lookup_symbol_in_language(char const*, block const*, domain_enum, language, field_of_this_result*) gdb/symtab.c:1931 (gdb+0xf646f7)
    #19 set_initial_language() gdb/symfile.c:1708 (gdb+0xf429c0)
    #20 symbol_file_add_main_1 gdb/symfile.c:1212 (gdb+0xf40f54)
    #21 symbol_file_command(char const*, int) gdb/symfile.c:1681 (gdb+0xf428fb)
    #22 file_command gdb/exec.c:554 (gdb+0x94f875)
    #23 do_simple_func gdb/cli/cli-decode.c:95 (gdb+0x6d9528)
    #24 cmd_func(cmd_list_element*, char const*, int) gdb/cli/cli-decode.c:2735 (gdb+0x6e0f69)
    #25 execute_command(char const*, int) gdb/top.c:575 (gdb+0xff3166)
    #26 command_handler(char const*) gdb/event-top.c:552 (gdb+0x94af08)
    #27 command_line_handler(std::unique_ptr<char, gdb::xfree_deleter<char> >&&) gdb/event-top.c:788 (gdb+0x94b5c5)
    #28 tui_command_line_handler gdb/tui/tui-interp.c:104 (gdb+0x10348c6)
    #29 gdb_rl_callback_handler gdb/event-top.c:259 (gdb+0x94a4ad)
    #30 rl_callback_read_char readline/readline/callback.c:290 (gdb+0x11bdf87)
    #31 gdb_rl_callback_read_char_wrapper_noexcept gdb/event-top.c:195 (gdb+0x94a2ac)
    #32 gdb_rl_callback_read_char_wrapper gdb/event-top.c:234 (gdb+0x94a36d)
    #33 stdin_event_handler gdb/ui.c:155 (gdb+0x1074b6a)
    #34 handle_file_event gdbsupport/event-loop.cc:573 (gdb+0x1d9502c)
    #35 gdb_wait_for_event gdbsupport/event-loop.cc:694 (gdb+0x1d95764)
    #36 gdb_do_one_event(int) gdbsupport/event-loop.cc:264 (gdb+0x1d93b50)
    #37 start_event_loop gdb/main.c:412 (gdb+0xb5a49e)
    #38 captured_command_loop gdb/main.c:476 (gdb+0xb5a68d)
    #39 captured_main gdb/main.c:1320 (gdb+0xb5c80d)
    #40 gdb_main(captured_main_args*) gdb/main.c:1339 (gdb+0xb5c8bc)
    #41 main gdb/gdb.c:32 (gdb+0x416776)

  Previous read of size 1 at 0x7b200000420d by thread T12:
    #0 write_gdbindex gdb/dwarf2/index-write.c:1229 (gdb+0x8310c8)
    #1 write_dwarf_index(dwarf2_per_bfd*, char const*, char const*, char const*, dw_index_kind) gdb/dwarf2/index-write.c:1484 (gdb+0x83232f)
    #2 index_cache::store(dwarf2_per_bfd*, index_cache_store_context*) gdb/dwarf2/index-cache.c:177 (gdb+0x82d62b)
    #3 cooked_index::maybe_write_index(dwarf2_per_bfd*) gdb/dwarf2/cooked-index.c:640 (gdb+0x7f1bf7)
    #4 operator() gdb/dwarf2/cooked-index.c:470 (gdb+0x7f0f40)
    #5 _M_invoke /usr/include/c++/7/bits/std_function.h:316 (gdb+0x7f2909)
    #6 std::function<void ()>::operator()() const /usr/include/c++/7/bits/std_function.h:706 (gdb+0x700952)
    #7 void std::__invoke_impl<void, std::function<void ()>&>(std::__invoke_other, std::function<void ()>&) /usr/include/c++/7/bits/invoke.h:60 (gdb+0x7381a0)
    #8 std::__invoke_result<std::function<void ()>&>::type std::__invoke<std::function<void ()>&>(std::function<void ()>&) /usr/include/c++/7/bits/invoke.h:95 (gdb+0x737e91)
    #9 std::__future_base::_Task_state<std::function<void ()>, std::allocator<int>, void ()>::_M_run()::{lambda()#1}::operator()() const /usr/include/c++/7/future:1421 (gdb+0x737b59)
    #10 std::__future_base::_Task_setter<std::unique_ptr<std::__future_base::_Result<void>, std::__future_base::_Result_base::_Deleter>, std::__future_base::_Task_state<std::function<void ()>, std::allocator<int>, void ()>::_M_run()::{lambda()#1}, void>::operator()() const /usr/include/c++/7/future:1362 (gdb+0x738660)
    #11 std::_Function_handler<std::unique_ptr<std::__future_base::_Result_base, std::__future_base::_Result_base::_Deleter> (), std::__future_base::_Task_setter<std::unique_ptr<std::__future_base::_Result<void>, std::__future_base::_Result_base::_Deleter>, std::__future_base::_Task_state<std::function<void ()>, std::allocator<int>, void ()>::_M_run()::{lambda()#1}, void> >::_M_invoke(std::_Any_data const&) /usr/include/c++/7/bits/std_function.h:302 (gdb+0x73825c)
    #12 std::function<std::unique_ptr<std::__future_base::_Result_base, std::__future_base::_Result_base::_Deleter> ()>::operator()() const /usr/include/c++/7/bits/std_function.h:706 (gdb+0x733623)
    #13 std::__future_base::_State_baseV2::_M_do_set(std::function<std::unique_ptr<std::__future_base::_Result_base, std::__future_base::_Result_base::_Deleter> ()>*, bool*) /usr/include/c++/7/future:561 (gdb+0x732bdf)
    #14 void std::__invoke_impl<void, void (std::__future_base::_State_baseV2::*)(std::function<std::unique_ptr<std::__future_base::_Result_base, std::__future_base::_Result_base::_Deleter> ()>*, bool*), std::__future_base::_State_baseV2*, std::function<std::unique_ptr<std::__future_base::_Result_base, std::__future_base::_Result_base::_Deleter> ()>*, bool*>(std::__invoke_memfun_deref, void (std::__future_base::_State_baseV2::*&&)(std::function<std::unique_ptr<std::__future_base::_Result_base, std::__future_base::_Result_base::_Deleter> ()>*, bool*), std::__future_base::_State_baseV2*&&, std::function<std::unique_ptr<std::__future_base::_Result_base, std::__future_base::_Result_base::_Deleter> ()>*&&, bool*&&) /usr/include/c++/7/bits/invoke.h:73 (gdb+0x734c4f)
    #15 std::__invoke_result<void (std::__future_base::_State_baseV2::*)(std::function<std::unique_ptr<std::__future_base::_Result_base, std::__future_base::_Result_base::_Deleter> ()>*, bool*), std::__future_base::_State_baseV2*, std::function<std::unique_ptr<std::__future_base::_Result_base, std::__future_base::_Result_base::_Deleter> ()>*, bool*>::type std::__invoke<void (std::__future_base::_State_baseV2::*)(std::function<std::unique_ptr<std::__future_base::_Result_base, std::__future_base::_Result_base::_Deleter> ()>*, bool*), std::__future_base::_State_baseV2*, std::function<std::unique_ptr<std::__future_base::_Result_base, std::__future_base::_Result_base::_Deleter> ()>*, bool*>(void (std::__future_base::_State_baseV2::*&&)(std::function<std::unique_ptr<std::__future_base::_Result_base, std::__future_base::_Result_base::_Deleter> ()>*, bool*), std::__future_base::_State_baseV2*&&, std::function<std::unique_ptr<std::__future_base::_Result_base, std::__future_base::_Result_base::_Deleter> ()>*&&, bool*&&) /usr/include/c++/7/bits/invoke.h:95 (gdb+0x733bc5)
    #16 std::call_once<void (std::__future_base::_State_baseV2::*)(std::function<std::unique_ptr<std::__future_base::_Result_base, std::__future_base::_Result_base::_Deleter> ()>*, bool*), std::__future_base::_State_baseV2*, std::function<std::unique_ptr<std::__future_base::_Result_base, std::__future_base::_Result_base::_Deleter> ()>*, bool*>(std::once_flag&, void (std::__future_base::_State_baseV2::*&&)(std::function<std::unique_ptr<std::__future_base::_Result_base, std::__future_base::_Result_base::_Deleter> ()>*, bool*), std::__future_base::_State_baseV2*&&, std::function<std::unique_ptr<std::__future_base::_Result_base, std::__future_base::_Result_base::_Deleter> ()>*&&, bool*&&)::{lambda()#1}::operator()() const /usr/include/c++/7/mutex:672 (gdb+0x73300d)
    #17 std::call_once<void (std::__future_base::_State_baseV2::*)(std::function<std::unique_ptr<std::__future_base::_Result_base, std::__future_base::_Result_base::_Deleter> ()>*, bool*), std::__future_base::_State_baseV2*, std::function<std::unique_ptr<std::__future_base::_Result_base, std::__future_base::_Result_base::_Deleter> ()>*, bool*>(std::once_flag&, void (std::__future_base::_State_baseV2::*&&)(std::function<std::unique_ptr<std::__future_base::_Result_base, std::__future_base::_Result_base::_Deleter> ()>*, bool*), std::__future_base::_State_baseV2*&&, std::function<std::unique_ptr<std::__future_base::_Result_base, std::__future_base::_Result_base::_Deleter> ()>*&&, bool*&&)::{lambda()#2}::operator()() const /usr/include/c++/7/mutex:677 (gdb+0x7330b2)
    #18 std::call_once<void (std::__future_base::_State_baseV2::*)(std::function<std::unique_ptr<std::__future_base::_Result_base, std::__future_base::_Result_base::_Deleter> ()>*, bool*), std::__future_base::_State_baseV2*, std::function<std::unique_ptr<std::__future_base::_Result_base, std::__future_base::_Result_base::_Deleter> ()>*, bool*>(std::once_flag&, void (std::__future_base::_State_baseV2::*&&)(std::function<std::unique_ptr<std::__future_base::_Result_base, std::__future_base::_Result_base::_Deleter> ()>*, bool*), std::__future_base::_State_baseV2*&&, std::function<std::unique_ptr<std::__future_base::_Result_base, std::__future_base::_Result_base::_Deleter> ()>*&&, bool*&&)::{lambda()#2}::_FUN() /usr/include/c++/7/mutex:677 (gdb+0x7330f2)
    #19 pthread_once <null> (libtsan.so.0+0x4457c)
    #20 __gthread_once /usr/include/c++/7/x86_64-suse-linux/bits/gthr-default.h:699 (gdb+0x72f5dd)
    #21 void std::call_once<void (std::__future_base::_State_baseV2::*)(std::function<std::unique_ptr<std::__future_base::_Result_base, std::__future_base::_Result_base::_Deleter> ()>*, bool*), std::__future_base::_State_baseV2*, std::function<std::unique_ptr<std::__future_base::_Result_base, std::__future_base::_Result_base::_Deleter> ()>*, bool*>(std::once_flag&, void (std::__future_base::_State_baseV2::*&&)(std::function<std::unique_ptr<std::__future_base::_Result_base, std::__future_base::_Result_base::_Deleter> ()>*, bool*), std::__future_base::_State_baseV2*&&, std::function<std::unique_ptr<std::__future_base::_Result_base, std::__future_base::_Result_base::_Deleter> ()>*&&, bool*&&) /usr/include/c++/7/mutex:684 (gdb+0x733224)
    #22 std::__future_base::_State_baseV2::_M_set_result(std::function<std::unique_ptr<std::__future_base::_Result_base, std::__future_base::_Result_base::_Deleter> ()>, bool) /usr/include/c++/7/future:401 (gdb+0x732852)
    #23 std::__future_base::_Task_state<std::function<void ()>, std::allocator<int>, void ()>::_M_run() /usr/include/c++/7/future:1423 (gdb+0x737bef)
    #24 std::packaged_task<void ()>::operator()() /usr/include/c++/7/future:1556 (gdb+0x1dac6da)
    #25 gdb::thread_pool::thread_function() gdbsupport/thread-pool.cc:242 (gdb+0x1dabffc)
    #26 void std::__invoke_impl<void, void (gdb::thread_pool::*)(), gdb::thread_pool*>(std::__invoke_memfun_deref, void (gdb::thread_pool::*&&)(), gdb::thread_pool*&&) /usr/include/c++/7/bits/invoke.h:73 (gdb+0x1dad0ab)
    #27 std::__invoke_result<void (gdb::thread_pool::*)(), gdb::thread_pool*>::type std::__invoke<void (gdb::thread_pool::*)(), gdb::thread_pool*>(void (gdb::thread_pool::*&&)(), gdb::thread_pool*&&) /usr/include/c++/7/bits/invoke.h:95 (gdb+0x1dac4dc)
    #28 decltype (__invoke((_S_declval<0ul>)(), (_S_declval<1ul>)())) std::thread::_Invoker<std::tuple<void (gdb::thread_pool::*)(), gdb::thread_pool*> >::_M_invoke<0ul, 1ul>(std::_Index_tuple<0ul, 1ul>) /usr/include/c++/7/thread:234 (gdb+0x1daf80e)
    #29 std::thread::_Invoker<std::tuple<void (gdb::thread_pool::*)(), gdb::thread_pool*> >::operator()() /usr/include/c++/7/thread:243 (gdb+0x1daf799)
    #30 std::thread::_State_impl<std::thread::_Invoker<std::tuple<void (gdb::thread_pool::*)(), gdb::thread_pool*> > >::_M_run() /usr/include/c++/7/thread:186 (gdb+0x1daf74e)
    #31 <null> <null> (libstdc++.so.6+0xdcac2)
 ...
SUMMARY: ThreadSanitizer: data race gdb/dwarf2/read.c:5564 in queue_comp_unit
...

The race happens when issuing the "file $exec" command.

The race is between:
- a worker thread writing the index cache, and in the process reading
  dwarf2_per_cu_data::is_debug_type, and
- the main thread expanding the CU containing main, and in the process setting
  dwarf2_per_cu_data::queued.

The two bitfields dwarf2_per_cu_data::queue and
dwarf2_per_cu_data::is_debug_type share the same bitfield container.

Fix this by making dwarf2_per_cu_data::queued a packed<bool, 1>.

Tested on x86_64-linux.

Approved-By: Tom Tromey <tom@tromey.com>

PR symtab/30392
Bug: https://sourceware.org/bugzilla/show_bug.cgi?id=30392
tromey pushed a commit that referenced this issue Aug 4, 2023
…s_debug_type}

With gdb build with -fsanitize=thread and test-case gdb.base/index-cache.exp
and target board debug-types, I run into:
...
(gdb) file build/gdb/testsuite/outputs/gdb.base/index-cache/index-cache
Reading symbols from build/gdb/testsuite/outputs/gdb.base/index-cache/index-cache...
==================
WARNING: ThreadSanitizer: data race (pid=9654)
  Write of size 1 at 0x7b200000420d by main thread:
    #0 dwarf2_per_cu_data::get_header() const gdb/dwarf2/read.c:21513 (gdb+0x8d1eee)
    #1 dwarf2_per_cu_data::addr_size() const gdb/dwarf2/read.c:21524 (gdb+0x8d1f4e)
    #2 dwarf2_cu::addr_type() const gdb/dwarf2/cu.c:112 (gdb+0x806327)
    #3 set_die_type gdb/dwarf2/read.c:21932 (gdb+0x8d3870)
    #4 read_base_type gdb/dwarf2/read.c:15448 (gdb+0x8bcacb)
    #5 read_type_die_1 gdb/dwarf2/read.c:19832 (gdb+0x8cc0a5)
    #6 read_type_die gdb/dwarf2/read.c:19767 (gdb+0x8cbe6d)
    #7 lookup_die_type gdb/dwarf2/read.c:19739 (gdb+0x8cbdc7)
    #8 die_type gdb/dwarf2/read.c:19593 (gdb+0x8cb68a)
    #9 read_subroutine_type gdb/dwarf2/read.c:14648 (gdb+0x8b998e)
    #10 read_type_die_1 gdb/dwarf2/read.c:19792 (gdb+0x8cbf2f)
    #11 read_type_die gdb/dwarf2/read.c:19767 (gdb+0x8cbe6d)
    #12 read_func_scope gdb/dwarf2/read.c:10154 (gdb+0x8a4f36)
    #13 process_die gdb/dwarf2/read.c:6667 (gdb+0x898daa)
    #14 read_file_scope gdb/dwarf2/read.c:7682 (gdb+0x89bad8)
    #15 process_die gdb/dwarf2/read.c:6654 (gdb+0x898ced)
    #16 process_full_comp_unit gdb/dwarf2/read.c:6418 (gdb+0x8981de)
    #17 process_queue gdb/dwarf2/read.c:5690 (gdb+0x894433)
    #18 dw2_do_instantiate_symtab gdb/dwarf2/read.c:1770 (gdb+0x88623a)
    #19 dw2_instantiate_symtab gdb/dwarf2/read.c:1792 (gdb+0x886300)
    #20 dw2_expand_symtabs_matching_one(dwarf2_per_cu_data*, dwarf2_per_objfile*, gdb::function_view<bool (char const*, bool)>, gdb::function_view<bool (compunit_symtab*)>) gdb/dwarf2/read.c:3042 (gdb+0x88b1f1)
    #21 cooked_index_functions::expand_symtabs_matching(objfile*, gdb::function_view<bool (char const*, bool)>, lookup_name_info const*, gdb::function_view<bool (char const*)>, gdb::function_view<bool (compunit_symtab*)>, enum_flags<block_search_flag_values>, domain_enum, search_domain) gdb/dwarf2/read.c:16917 (gdb+0x8c228e)
    #22 objfile::lookup_symbol(block_enum, char const*, domain_enum) gdb/symfile-debug.c:288 (gdb+0xf39055)
    #23 lookup_symbol_via_quick_fns gdb/symtab.c:2385 (gdb+0xf66ab7)
    #24 lookup_symbol_in_objfile gdb/symtab.c:2516 (gdb+0xf6711b)
    #25 operator() gdb/symtab.c:2562 (gdb+0xf67272)
    #26 operator() gdb/../gdbsupport/function-view.h:305 (gdb+0xf776b1)
    #27 _FUN gdb/../gdbsupport/function-view.h:299 (gdb+0xf77708)
    #28 gdb::function_view<bool (objfile*)>::operator()(objfile*) const gdb/../gdbsupport/function-view.h:289 (gdb+0xc3fc97)
    #29 svr4_iterate_over_objfiles_in_search_order gdb/solib-svr4.c:3455 (gdb+0xecae47)
    #30 gdbarch_iterate_over_objfiles_in_search_order(gdbarch*, gdb::function_view<bool (objfile*)>, objfile*) gdb/gdbarch.c:5041 (gdb+0x537cad)
    #31 lookup_global_or_static_symbol gdb/symtab.c:2559 (gdb+0xf674fb)
    #32 lookup_global_symbol(char const*, block const*, domain_enum) gdb/symtab.c:2615 (gdb+0xf67780)
    #33 language_defn::lookup_symbol_nonlocal(char const*, block const*, domain_enum) const gdb/symtab.c:2447 (gdb+0xf66d6e)
    #34 lookup_symbol_aux gdb/symtab.c:2123 (gdb+0xf65cb3)
    #35 lookup_symbol_in_language(char const*, block const*, domain_enum, language, field_of_this_result*) gdb/symtab.c:1931 (gdb+0xf64dab)
    #36 set_initial_language() gdb/symfile.c:1708 (gdb+0xf43074)
    #37 symbol_file_add_main_1 gdb/symfile.c:1212 (gdb+0xf41608)
    #38 symbol_file_command(char const*, int) gdb/symfile.c:1681 (gdb+0xf42faf)
    #39 file_command gdb/exec.c:554 (gdb+0x94ff29)
    #40 do_simple_func gdb/cli/cli-decode.c:95 (gdb+0x6d9528)
    #41 cmd_func(cmd_list_element*, char const*, int) gdb/cli/cli-decode.c:2735 (gdb+0x6e0f69)
    #42 execute_command(char const*, int) gdb/top.c:575 (gdb+0xff379c)
    #43 command_handler(char const*) gdb/event-top.c:552 (gdb+0x94b5bc)
    #44 command_line_handler(std::unique_ptr<char, gdb::xfree_deleter<char> >&&) gdb/event-top.c:788 (gdb+0x94bc79)
    #45 tui_command_line_handler gdb/tui/tui-interp.c:104 (gdb+0x1034efc)
    #46 gdb_rl_callback_handler gdb/event-top.c:259 (gdb+0x94ab61)
    #47 rl_callback_read_char readline/readline/callback.c:290 (gdb+0x11be4ef)
    #48 gdb_rl_callback_read_char_wrapper_noexcept gdb/event-top.c:195 (gdb+0x94a960)
    #49 gdb_rl_callback_read_char_wrapper gdb/event-top.c:234 (gdb+0x94aa21)
    #50 stdin_event_handler gdb/ui.c:155 (gdb+0x10751a0)
    #51 handle_file_event gdbsupport/event-loop.cc:573 (gdb+0x1d95bac)
    #52 gdb_wait_for_event gdbsupport/event-loop.cc:694 (gdb+0x1d962e4)
    #53 gdb_do_one_event(int) gdbsupport/event-loop.cc:264 (gdb+0x1d946d0)
    #54 start_event_loop gdb/main.c:412 (gdb+0xb5ab52)
    #55 captured_command_loop gdb/main.c:476 (gdb+0xb5ad41)
    #56 captured_main gdb/main.c:1320 (gdb+0xb5cec1)
    #57 gdb_main(captured_main_args*) gdb/main.c:1339 (gdb+0xb5cf70)
    #58 main gdb/gdb.c:32 (gdb+0x416776)

  Previous read of size 1 at 0x7b200000420d by thread T11:
    #0 write_gdbindex gdb/dwarf2/index-write.c:1229 (gdb+0x831630)
    #1 write_dwarf_index(dwarf2_per_bfd*, char const*, char const*, char const*, dw_index_kind) gdb/dwarf2/index-write.c:1484 (gdb+0x832897)
    #2 index_cache::store(dwarf2_per_bfd*, index_cache_store_context const&) gdb/dwarf2/index-cache.c:173 (gdb+0x82db8d)
    #3 cooked_index::maybe_write_index(dwarf2_per_bfd*, index_cache_store_context const&) gdb/dwarf2/cooked-index.c:645 (gdb+0x7f1d49)
    #4 operator() gdb/dwarf2/cooked-index.c:474 (gdb+0x7f0f31)
    #5 _M_invoke /usr/include/c++/7/bits/std_function.h:316 (gdb+0x7f2a13)
    #6 std::function<void ()>::operator()() const /usr/include/c++/7/bits/std_function.h:706 (gdb+0x700952)
    #7 void std::__invoke_impl<void, std::function<void ()>&>(std::__invoke_other, std::function<void ()>&) /usr/include/c++/7/bits/invoke.h:60 (gdb+0x7381a0)
    #8 std::__invoke_result<std::function<void ()>&>::type std::__invoke<std::function<void ()>&>(std::function<void ()>&) /usr/include/c++/7/bits/invoke.h:95 (gdb+0x737e91)
    #9 std::__future_base::_Task_state<std::function<void ()>, std::allocator<int>, void ()>::_M_run()::{lambda()#1}::operator()() const /usr/include/c++/7/future:1421 (gdb+0x737b59)
    #10 std::__future_base::_Task_setter<std::unique_ptr<std::__future_base::_Result<void>, std::__future_base::_Result_base::_Deleter>, std::__future_base::_Task_state<std::function<void ()>, std::allocator<int>, void ()>::_M_run()::{lambda()#1}, void>::operator()() const /usr/include/c++/7/future:1362 (gdb+0x738660)
    #11 std::_Function_handler<std::unique_ptr<std::__future_base::_Result_base, std::__future_base::_Result_base::_Deleter> (), std::__future_base::_Task_setter<std::unique_ptr<std::__future_base::_Result<void>, std::__future_base::_Result_base::_Deleter>, std::__future_base::_Task_state<std::function<void ()>, std::allocator<int>, void ()>::_M_run()::{lambda()#1}, void> >::_M_invoke(std::_Any_data const&) /usr/include/c++/7/bits/std_function.h:302 (gdb+0x73825c)
    #12 std::function<std::unique_ptr<std::__future_base::_Result_base, std::__future_base::_Result_base::_Deleter> ()>::operator()() const /usr/include/c++/7/bits/std_function.h:706 (gdb+0x733623)
    #13 std::__future_base::_State_baseV2::_M_do_set(std::function<std::unique_ptr<std::__future_base::_Result_base, std::__future_base::_Result_base::_Deleter> ()>*, bool*) /usr/include/c++/7/future:561 (gdb+0x732bdf)
    #14 void std::__invoke_impl<void, void (std::__future_base::_State_baseV2::*)(std::function<std::unique_ptr<std::__future_base::_Result_base, std::__future_base::_Result_base::_Deleter> ()>*, bool*), std::__future_base::_State_baseV2*, std::function<std::unique_ptr<std::__future_base::_Result_base, std::__future_base::_Result_base::_Deleter> ()>*, bool*>(std::__invoke_memfun_deref, void (std::__future_base::_State_baseV2::*&&)(std::function<std::unique_ptr<std::__future_base::_Result_base, std::__future_base::_Result_base::_Deleter> ()>*, bool*), std::__future_base::_State_baseV2*&&, std::function<std::unique_ptr<std::__future_base::_Result_base, std::__future_base::_Result_base::_Deleter> ()>*&&, bool*&&) /usr/include/c++/7/bits/invoke.h:73 (gdb+0x734c4f)
    #15 std::__invoke_result<void (std::__future_base::_State_baseV2::*)(std::function<std::unique_ptr<std::__future_base::_Result_base, std::__future_base::_Result_base::_Deleter> ()>*, bool*), std::__future_base::_State_baseV2*, std::function<std::unique_ptr<std::__future_base::_Result_base, std::__future_base::_Result_base::_Deleter> ()>*, bool*>::type std::__invoke<void (std::__future_base::_State_baseV2::*)(std::function<std::unique_ptr<std::__future_base::_Result_base, std::__future_base::_Result_base::_Deleter> ()>*, bool*), std::__future_base::_State_baseV2*, std::function<std::unique_ptr<std::__future_base::_Result_base, std::__future_base::_Result_base::_Deleter> ()>*, bool*>(void (std::__future_base::_State_baseV2::*&&)(std::function<std::unique_ptr<std::__future_base::_Result_base, std::__future_base::_Result_base::_Deleter> ()>*, bool*), std::__future_base::_State_baseV2*&&, std::function<std::unique_ptr<std::__future_base::_Result_base, std::__future_base::_Result_base::_Deleter> ()>*&&, bool*&&) /usr/include/c++/7/bits/invoke.h:95 (gdb+0x733bc5)
    #16 std::call_once<void (std::__future_base::_State_baseV2::*)(std::function<std::unique_ptr<std::__future_base::_Result_base, std::__future_base::_Result_base::_Deleter> ()>*, bool*), std::__future_base::_State_baseV2*, std::function<std::unique_ptr<std::__future_base::_Result_base, std::__future_base::_Result_base::_Deleter> ()>*, bool*>(std::once_flag&, void (std::__future_base::_State_baseV2::*&&)(std::function<std::unique_ptr<std::__future_base::_Result_base, std::__future_base::_Result_base::_Deleter> ()>*, bool*), std::__future_base::_State_baseV2*&&, std::function<std::unique_ptr<std::__future_base::_Result_base, std::__future_base::_Result_base::_Deleter> ()>*&&, bool*&&)::{lambda()#1}::operator()() const /usr/include/c++/7/mutex:672 (gdb+0x73300d)
    #17 std::call_once<void (std::__future_base::_State_baseV2::*)(std::function<std::unique_ptr<std::__future_base::_Result_base, std::__future_base::_Result_base::_Deleter> ()>*, bool*), std::__future_base::_State_baseV2*, std::function<std::unique_ptr<std::__future_base::_Result_base, std::__future_base::_Result_base::_Deleter> ()>*, bool*>(std::once_flag&, void (std::__future_base::_State_baseV2::*&&)(std::function<std::unique_ptr<std::__future_base::_Result_base, std::__future_base::_Result_base::_Deleter> ()>*, bool*), std::__future_base::_State_baseV2*&&, std::function<std::unique_ptr<std::__future_base::_Result_base, std::__future_base::_Result_base::_Deleter> ()>*&&, bool*&&)::{lambda()#2}::operator()() const /usr/include/c++/7/mutex:677 (gdb+0x7330b2)
    #18 std::call_once<void (std::__future_base::_State_baseV2::*)(std::function<std::unique_ptr<std::__future_base::_Result_base, std::__future_base::_Result_base::_Deleter> ()>*, bool*), std::__future_base::_State_baseV2*, std::function<std::unique_ptr<std::__future_base::_Result_base, std::__future_base::_Result_base::_Deleter> ()>*, bool*>(std::once_flag&, void (std::__future_base::_State_baseV2::*&&)(std::function<std::unique_ptr<std::__future_base::_Result_base, std::__future_base::_Result_base::_Deleter> ()>*, bool*), std::__future_base::_State_baseV2*&&, std::function<std::unique_ptr<std::__future_base::_Result_base, std::__future_base::_Result_base::_Deleter> ()>*&&, bool*&&)::{lambda()#2}::_FUN() /usr/include/c++/7/mutex:677 (gdb+0x7330f2)
    #19 pthread_once <null> (libtsan.so.0+0x4457c)
    #20 __gthread_once /usr/include/c++/7/x86_64-suse-linux/bits/gthr-default.h:699 (gdb+0x72f5dd)
    #21 void std::call_once<void (std::__future_base::_State_baseV2::*)(std::function<std::unique_ptr<std::__future_base::_Result_base, std::__future_base::_Result_base::_Deleter> ()>*, bool*), std::__future_base::_State_baseV2*, std::function<std::unique_ptr<std::__future_base::_Result_base, std::__future_base::_Result_base::_Deleter> ()>*, bool*>(std::once_flag&, void (std::__future_base::_State_baseV2::*&&)(std::function<std::unique_ptr<std::__future_base::_Result_base, std::__future_base::_Result_base::_Deleter> ()>*, bool*), std::__future_base::_State_baseV2*&&, std::function<std::unique_ptr<std::__future_base::_Result_base, std::__future_base::_Result_base::_Deleter> ()>*&&, bool*&&) /usr/include/c++/7/mutex:684 (gdb+0x733224)
    #22 std::__future_base::_State_baseV2::_M_set_result(std::function<std::unique_ptr<std::__future_base::_Result_base, std::__future_base::_Result_base::_Deleter> ()>, bool) /usr/include/c++/7/future:401 (gdb+0x732852)
    #23 std::__future_base::_Task_state<std::function<void ()>, std::allocator<int>, void ()>::_M_run() /usr/include/c++/7/future:1423 (gdb+0x737bef)
    #24 std::packaged_task<void ()>::operator()() /usr/include/c++/7/future:1556 (gdb+0x1dad25a)
    #25 gdb::thread_pool::thread_function() gdbsupport/thread-pool.cc:242 (gdb+0x1dacb7c)
    #26 void std::__invoke_impl<void, void (gdb::thread_pool::*)(), gdb::thread_pool*>(std::__invoke_memfun_deref, void (gdb::thread_pool::*&&)(), gdb::thread_pool*&&) /usr/include/c++/7/bits/invoke.h:73 (gdb+0x1dadc2b)
    #27 std::__invoke_result<void (gdb::thread_pool::*)(), gdb::thread_pool*>::type std::__invoke<void (gdb::thread_pool::*)(), gdb::thread_pool*>(void (gdb::thread_pool::*&&)(), gdb::thread_pool*&&) /usr/include/c++/7/bits/invoke.h:95 (gdb+0x1dad05c)
    #28 decltype (__invoke((_S_declval<0ul>)(), (_S_declval<1ul>)())) std::thread::_Invoker<std::tuple<void (gdb::thread_pool::*)(), gdb::thread_pool*> >::_M_invoke<0ul, 1ul>(std::_Index_tuple<0ul, 1ul>) /usr/include/c++/7/thread:234 (gdb+0x1db038e)
    #29 std::thread::_Invoker<std::tuple<void (gdb::thread_pool::*)(), gdb::thread_pool*> >::operator()() /usr/include/c++/7/thread:243 (gdb+0x1db0319)
    #30 std::thread::_State_impl<std::thread::_Invoker<std::tuple<void (gdb::thread_pool::*)(), gdb::thread_pool*> > >::_M_run() /usr/include/c++/7/thread:186 (gdb+0x1db02ce)
    #31 <null> <null> (libstdc++.so.6+0xdcac2)
  ...
SUMMARY: ThreadSanitizer: data race gdb/dwarf2/read.c:21513 in dwarf2_per_cu_data::get_header() const
...

The race happens when issuing the "file $exec" command.

The race is between:
- a worker thread writing the index cache, and in the process reading
   dwarf2_per_cu_data::is_debug_type, and
- the main thread writing to dwarf2_per_cu_data::m_header_read_in.

The two bitfields dwarf2_per_cu_data::m_header_read_in and
dwarf2_per_cu_data::is_debug_type share the same bitfield container.

Fix this by making dwarf2_per_cu_data::m_header_read_in a packed<bool, 1>.

Tested on x86_64-linux.

Approved-By: Tom Tromey <tom@tromey.com>

PR symtab/30392
Bug: https://sourceware.org/bugzilla/show_bug.cgi?id=30392
tromey pushed a commit that referenced this issue Feb 20, 2024
When building gdb with -O0 -fsanitize=address, and running test-case
gdb.ada/uninitialized_vars.exp, I run into:
...
(gdb) info locals
a = 0
z = (a => 1, b => false, c => 2.0)
=================================================================
==66372==ERROR: AddressSanitizer: heap-buffer-overflow on address 0x602000097f58 at pc 0xffff52c0da1c bp 0xffffc90a1d40 sp 0xffffc90a1d80
READ of size 4 at 0x602000097f58 thread T0
    #0 0xffff52c0da18 in memmove (/lib64/libasan.so.8+0x6da18)
    #1 0xbcab24 in unsigned char* std::__copy_move_backward<false, true, std::random_access_iterator_tag>::__copy_move_b<unsigned char const, unsigned char>(unsigned char const*, unsigned char const*, unsigned char*) /usr/include/c++/13/bits/stl_algobase.h:748
    #2 0xbc9bf4 in unsigned char* std::__copy_move_backward_a2<false, unsigned char const*, unsigned char*>(unsigned char const*, unsigned char const*, unsigned char*) /usr/include/c++/13/bits/stl_algobase.h:769
    #3 0xbc898c in unsigned char* std::__copy_move_backward_a1<false, unsigned char const*, unsigned char*>(unsigned char const*, unsigned char const*, unsigned char*) /usr/include/c++/13/bits/stl_algobase.h:778
    #4 0xbc715c in unsigned char* std::__copy_move_backward_a<false, unsigned char const*, unsigned char*>(unsigned char const*, unsigned char const*, unsigned char*) /usr/include/c++/13/bits/stl_algobase.h:807
    #5 0xbc4e6c in unsigned char* std::copy_backward<unsigned char const*, unsigned char*>(unsigned char const*, unsigned char const*, unsigned char*) /usr/include/c++/13/bits/stl_algobase.h:867
    #6 0xbc2934 in void gdb::copy<unsigned char const, unsigned char>(gdb::array_view<unsigned char const>, gdb::array_view<unsigned char>) gdb/../gdbsupport/array-view.h:223
    #7 0x20e0100 in value::contents_copy_raw(value*, long, long, long) gdb/value.c:1239
    #8 0x20e9830 in value::primitive_field(long, int, type*) gdb/value.c:3078
    #9 0x20e98f8 in value_field(value*, int) gdb/value.c:3095
    #10 0xcafd64 in print_field_values gdb/ada-valprint.c:658
    #11 0xcb0fa0 in ada_val_print_struct_union gdb/ada-valprint.c:857
    #12 0xcb1bb4 in ada_value_print_inner(value*, ui_file*, int, value_print_options const*) gdb/ada-valprint.c:1042
    #13 0xc66e04 in ada_language::value_print_inner(value*, ui_file*, int, value_print_options const*) const (/home/vries/gdb/build/gdb/gdb+0xc66e04)
    #14 0x20ca1e8 in common_val_print(value*, ui_file*, int, value_print_options const*, language_defn const*) gdb/valprint.c:1092
    #15 0x20caabc in common_val_print_checked(value*, ui_file*, int, value_print_options const*, language_defn const*) gdb/valprint.c:1184
    #16 0x196c524 in print_variable_and_value(char const*, symbol*, frame_info_ptr, ui_file*, int) gdb/printcmd.c:2355
    #17 0x1d99ca0 in print_variable_and_value_data::operator()(char const*, symbol*) gdb/stack.c:2308
    #18 0x1dabca0 in gdb::function_view<void (char const*, symbol*)>::bind<print_variable_and_value_data>(print_variable_and_value_data&)::{lambda(gdb::fv_detail::erased_callable, char const*, symbol*)#1}::operator()(gdb::fv_detail::erased_callable, char const*, symbol*) const gdb/../gdbsupport/function-view.h:305
    #19 0x1dabd14 in gdb::function_view<void (char const*, symbol*)>::bind<print_variable_and_value_data>(print_variable_and_value_data&)::{lambda(gdb::fv_detail::erased_callable, char const*, symbol*)#1}::_FUN(gdb::fv_detail::erased_callable, char const*, symbol*) gdb/../gdbsupport/function-view.h:299
    #20 0x1dab34c in gdb::function_view<void (char const*, symbol*)>::operator()(char const*, symbol*) const gdb/../gdbsupport/function-view.h:289
    #21 0x1d9963c in iterate_over_block_locals gdb/stack.c:2240
    #22 0x1d99790 in iterate_over_block_local_vars(block const*, gdb::function_view<void (char const*, symbol*)>) gdb/stack.c:2259
    #23 0x1d9a598 in print_frame_local_vars gdb/stack.c:2380
    #24 0x1d9afac in info_locals_command(char const*, int) gdb/stack.c:2458
    #25 0xfd7b30 in do_simple_func gdb/cli/cli-decode.c:95
    #26 0xfe5a2c in cmd_func(cmd_list_element*, char const*, int) gdb/cli/cli-decode.c:2735
    #27 0x1f03790 in execute_command(char const*, int) gdb/top.c:575
    #28 0x1384080 in command_handler(char const*) gdb/event-top.c:566
    #29 0x1384e2c in command_line_handler(std::unique_ptr<char, gdb::xfree_deleter<char> >&&) gdb/event-top.c:802
    #30 0x1f731e4 in tui_command_line_handler gdb/tui/tui-interp.c:104
    #31 0x1382a58 in gdb_rl_callback_handler gdb/event-top.c:259
    #32 0x21dbb80 in rl_callback_read_char readline/readline/callback.c:290
    #33 0x1382510 in gdb_rl_callback_read_char_wrapper_noexcept gdb/event-top.c:195
    #34 0x138277c in gdb_rl_callback_read_char_wrapper gdb/event-top.c:234
    #35 0x1fe9b40 in stdin_event_handler gdb/ui.c:155
    #36 0x35ff1bc in handle_file_event gdbsupport/event-loop.cc:573
    #37 0x35ff9d8 in gdb_wait_for_event gdbsupport/event-loop.cc:694
    #38 0x35fd284 in gdb_do_one_event(int) gdbsupport/event-loop.cc:264
    #39 0x1768080 in start_event_loop gdb/main.c:408
    #40 0x17684c4 in captured_command_loop gdb/main.c:472
    #41 0x176cfc8 in captured_main gdb/main.c:1342
    #42 0x176d088 in gdb_main(captured_main_args*) gdb/main.c:1361
    #43 0xb73edc in main gdb/gdb.c:39
    #44 0xffff519b09d8 in __libc_start_call_main (/lib64/libc.so.6+0x309d8)
    #45 0xffff519b0aac in __libc_start_main@@GLIBC_2.34 (/lib64/libc.so.6+0x30aac)
    #46 0xb73c2c in _start (/home/vries/gdb/build/gdb/gdb+0xb73c2c)

0x602000097f58 is located 0 bytes after 8-byte region [0x602000097f50,0x602000097f58)
allocated by thread T0 here:
    #0 0xffff52c65218 in calloc (/lib64/libasan.so.8+0xc5218)
    #1 0xcbc278 in xcalloc gdb/alloc.c:97
    #2 0x35f21e8 in xzalloc(unsigned long) gdbsupport/common-utils.cc:29
    #3 0x20de270 in value::allocate_contents(bool) gdb/value.c:937
    #4 0x20edc08 in value::fetch_lazy() gdb/value.c:4033
    #5 0x20dadc0 in value::entirely_covered_by_range_vector(std::vector<range, std::allocator<range> > const&) gdb/value.c:229
    #6 0xcb2298 in value::entirely_optimized_out() gdb/value.h:560
    #7 0x20ca6fc in value_check_printable gdb/valprint.c:1133
    #8 0x20caa8c in common_val_print_checked(value*, ui_file*, int, value_print_options const*, language_defn const*) gdb/valprint.c:1182
    #9 0x196c524 in print_variable_and_value(char const*, symbol*, frame_info_ptr, ui_file*, int) gdb/printcmd.c:2355
    #10 0x1d99ca0 in print_variable_and_value_data::operator()(char const*, symbol*) gdb/stack.c:2308
    #11 0x1dabca0 in gdb::function_view<void (char const*, symbol*)>::bind<print_variable_and_value_data>(print_variable_and_value_data&)::{lambda(gdb::fv_detail::erased_callable, char const*, symbol*)#1}::operator()(gdb::fv_detail::erased_callable, char const*, symbol*) const gdb/../gdbsupport/function-view.h:305
    #12 0x1dabd14 in gdb::function_view<void (char const*, symbol*)>::bind<print_variable_and_value_data>(print_variable_and_value_data&)::{lambda(gdb::fv_detail::erased_callable, char const*, symbol*)#1}::_FUN(gdb::fv_detail::erased_callable, char const*, symbol*) gdb/../gdbsupport/function-view.h:299
    #13 0x1dab34c in gdb::function_view<void (char const*, symbol*)>::operator()(char const*, symbol*) const gdb/../gdbsupport/function-view.h:289
    #14 0x1d9963c in iterate_over_block_locals gdb/stack.c:2240
    #15 0x1d99790 in iterate_over_block_local_vars(block const*, gdb::function_view<void (char const*, symbol*)>) gdb/stack.c:2259
    #16 0x1d9a598 in print_frame_local_vars gdb/stack.c:2380
    #17 0x1d9afac in info_locals_command(char const*, int) gdb/stack.c:2458
    #18 0xfd7b30 in do_simple_func gdb/cli/cli-decode.c:95
    #19 0xfe5a2c in cmd_func(cmd_list_element*, char const*, int) gdb/cli/cli-decode.c:2735
    #20 0x1f03790 in execute_command(char const*, int) gdb/top.c:575
    #21 0x1384080 in command_handler(char const*) gdb/event-top.c:566
    #22 0x1384e2c in command_line_handler(std::unique_ptr<char, gdb::xfree_deleter<char> >&&) gdb/event-top.c:802
    #23 0x1f731e4 in tui_command_line_handler gdb/tui/tui-interp.c:104
    #24 0x1382a58 in gdb_rl_callback_handler gdb/event-top.c:259
    #25 0x21dbb80 in rl_callback_read_char readline/readline/callback.c:290
    #26 0x1382510 in gdb_rl_callback_read_char_wrapper_noexcept gdb/event-top.c:195
    #27 0x138277c in gdb_rl_callback_read_char_wrapper gdb/event-top.c:234
    #28 0x1fe9b40 in stdin_event_handler gdb/ui.c:155
    #29 0x35ff1bc in handle_file_event gdbsupport/event-loop.cc:573

SUMMARY: AddressSanitizer: heap-buffer-overflow (/lib64/libasan.so.8+0x6da18) in memmove
...

The error happens when trying to print either variable y or y2:
...
   type Variable_Record (A : Boolean := True) is record
      case A is
         when True =>
            B : Integer;
         when False =>
            C : Float;
            D : Integer;
      end case;
   end record;
   Y  : Variable_Record := (A => True, B => 1);
   Y2 : Variable_Record := (A => False, C => 1.0, D => 2);
...
when the variables are uninitialized.

The error happens only when printing the entire variable:
...
(gdb) p y.a
$2 = 216
(gdb) p y.b
There is no member named b.
(gdb) p y.c
$3 = 9.18340949e-41
(gdb) p y.d
$4 = 1
(gdb) p y
<AddressSanitizer: heap-buffer-overflow>
...

The error happens as follows:
- field a functions as discriminant, choosing either the b, or c+d variant.
- when y.a happens to be set to 216, as above, gdb interprets this as the
  variable having the c+d variant (which is why trying to print y.b fails).
- when printing y, gdb allocates a value, copies the bytes into it from the
  target, and then prints the value.
- gdb allocates the value using the type size, which is 8.  It's 8 because
  that's what the DW_AT_byte_size indicates.  Note that for valid values of a,
  it gives correct results: if a is 0 (c+d variant), size is 12, if a is 1
  (b variant), size is 8.
- gdb tries to print field d, which is at an 8 byte offset, and that results
  in a out-of-bounds access for the allocated 8-byte value.

Fix this by handling this case in value::contents_copy_raw, such that we have:
...
(gdb) p y
$1 = (a => 24, c => 9.18340949e-41,
      d => <error reading variable: access outside bounds of object>)
...

An alternative (additional) fix could be this: in compute_variant_fields_inner
gdb reads the discriminant y.a to decide which variant is active.  It would be
nice to detect that the value (y.a == 24) is not a valid Boolean, and give up
on choosing a variant altoghether.  However, the situation regarding the
internal type CODE_TYPE_BOOL is currently ambiguous (see PR31282) and it's not
possible to reliably decide what valid values are.

The test-case source file gdb.ada/uninitialized-variable-record/parse.adb is
a reduced version of gdb.ada/uninitialized_vars/parse.adb, so it copies the
copyright years.

Note that the test-case needs gcc-12 or newer, it's unsupported for older gcc
versions. [ So, it would be nice to rewrite it into a dwarf assembly
test-case. ]

The test-case loops over all languages.  This is inherited from an earlier
attempt to fix this, which had language-specific fixes (in print_field_values,
cp_print_value_fields, pascal_object_print_value_fields and
f_language::value_print_inner).  I've left this in, but I suppose it's not
strictly necessary anymore.

Tested on x86_64-linux.

PR exp/31258
Bug: https://sourceware.org/bugzilla/show_bug.cgi?id=31258
tromey pushed a commit that referenced this issue Feb 20, 2024
From the Python API, we can execute GDB commands via gdb.execute.  If
the command gives an exception, however, we need to recover the GDB
prompt and enable stdin, because the exception does not reach
top-level GDB or normal_stop.  This was done in commit

  commit 1ba1ac8
  Author: Andrew Burgess <andrew.burgess@embecosm.com>
  Date:   Tue Nov 19 11:17:20 2019 +0000

    gdb: Enable stdin on exception in execute_gdb_command

with the following code:

  catch (const gdb_exception &except)
    {
      /* If an exception occurred then we won't hit normal_stop (), or have
         an exception reach the top level of the event loop, which are the
         two usual places in which stdin would be re-enabled. So, before we
         convert the exception and continue back in Python, we should
         re-enable stdin here.  */
      async_enable_stdin ();
      GDB_PY_HANDLE_EXCEPTION (except);
    }

In this patch, we explain what happens when we run a GDB command in
the context of a synchronous command, e.g.  via Python observer
notifications.

As an example, suppose we have the following objfile event listener,
specified in a file named file.py:

~~~
import gdb

class MyListener:
    def __init__(self):
        gdb.events.new_objfile.connect(self.handle_new_objfile_event)
        self.processed_objfile = False

    def handle_new_objfile_event(self, event):
        if self.processed_objfile:
            return

        print("loading " + event.new_objfile.filename)
        self.processed_objfile = True
        gdb.execute('add-inferior -no-connection')
        gdb.execute('inferior 2')
        gdb.execute('target remote | gdbserver - /tmp/a.out')
        gdb.execute('inferior 1')

the_listener = MyListener()
~~~

Using this Python file, we see the behavior below:

  $ gdb -q -ex "source file.py" -ex "run" --args a.out
  Reading symbols from a.out...
  Starting program: /tmp/a.out
  loading /lib64/ld-linux-x86-64.so.2
  [New inferior 2]
  Added inferior 2
  [Switching to inferior 2 [<null>] (<noexec>)]
  stdin/stdout redirected
  Process /tmp/a.out created; pid = 3075406
  Remote debugging using stdio
  Reading /tmp/a.out from remote target...
  ...
  [Switching to inferior 1 [process 3075400] (/tmp/a.out)]
  [Switching to thread 1.1 (process 3075400)]
  #0  0x00007ffff7fe3290 in ?? () from /lib64/ld-linux-x86-64.so.2
  (gdb) [Thread debugging using libthread_db enabled]
  Using host libthread_db library "/lib/x86_64-linux-gnu/libthread_db.so.1".
  [Inferior 1 (process 3075400) exited normally]

Note how the GDB prompt comes in-between the debugger output.  We have this
obscure behavior, because the executed command, "target remote", triggers
an invocation of `normal_stop` that enables stdin.  After that, however,
the Python notification context completes and GDB continues with its normal
flow of executing the 'run' command.  This can be seen in the call stack
below:

  (top-gdb) bt
  #0  async_enable_stdin () at src/gdb/event-top.c:523
  #1  0x00005555561c3acd in normal_stop () at src/gdb/infrun.c:9432
  #2  0x00005555561b328e in start_remote (from_tty=0) at src/gdb/infrun.c:3801
  #3  0x0000555556441224 in remote_target::start_remote_1 (this=0x5555587882e0, from_tty=0, extended_p=0) at src/gdb/remote.c:5225
  #4  0x000055555644166c in remote_target::start_remote (this=0x5555587882e0, from_tty=0, extended_p=0) at src/gdb/remote.c:5316
  #5  0x00005555564430cf in remote_target::open_1 (name=0x55555878525e "| gdbserver - /tmp/a.out", from_tty=0, extended_p=0) at src/gdb/remote.c:6175
  #6  0x0000555556441707 in remote_target::open (name=0x55555878525e "| gdbserver - /tmp/a.out", from_tty=0) at src/gdb/remote.c:5338
  #7  0x00005555565ea63f in open_target (args=0x55555878525e "| gdbserver - /tmp/a.out", from_tty=0, command=0x555558589280)  at src/gdb/target.c:824
  #8  0x0000555555f0d89a in cmd_func (cmd=0x555558589280, args=0x55555878525e "| gdbserver - /tmp/a.out", from_tty=0) at src/gdb/cli/cli-decode.c:2735
  #9  0x000055555661fb42 in execute_command (p=0x55555878529e "t", from_tty=0) at src/gdb/top.c:575
  #10 0x0000555555f1a506 in execute_control_command_1 (cmd=0x555558756f00, from_tty=0) at src/gdb/cli/cli-script.c:529
  #11 0x0000555555f1abea in execute_control_command (cmd=0x555558756f00, from_tty=0) at src/gdb/cli/cli-script.c:701
  #12 0x0000555555f19fc7 in execute_control_commands (cmdlines=0x555558756f00, from_tty=0) at src/gdb/cli/cli-script.c:411
  #13 0x0000555556400d91 in execute_gdb_command (self=0x7ffff43b5d00, args=0x7ffff440ab60, kw=0x0) at src/gdb/python/python.c:700
  #14 0x00007ffff7a96023 in ?? () from /lib/x86_64-linux-gnu/libpython3.10.so.1.0
  #15 0x00007ffff7a4dadc in _PyObject_MakeTpCall () from /lib/x86_64-linux-gnu/libpython3.10.so.1.0
  #16 0x00007ffff79e9a1c in _PyEval_EvalFrameDefault () from /lib/x86_64-linux-gnu/libpython3.10.so.1.0
  #17 0x00007ffff7b303af in ?? () from /lib/x86_64-linux-gnu/libpython3.10.so.1.0
  #18 0x00007ffff7a50358 in ?? () from /lib/x86_64-linux-gnu/libpython3.10.so.1.0
  #19 0x00007ffff7a4f3f4 in ?? () from /lib/x86_64-linux-gnu/libpython3.10.so.1.0
  #20 0x00007ffff7a4f883 in PyObject_CallFunctionObjArgs () from /lib/x86_64-linux-gnu/libpython3.10.so.1.0
  #21 0x00005555563a9758 in evpy_emit_event (event=0x7ffff42b5430, registry=0x7ffff42b4690) at src/gdb/python/py-event.c:104
  #22 0x00005555563cb874 in emit_new_objfile_event (objfile=0x555558761700) at src/gdb/python/py-newobjfileevent.c:52
  #23 0x00005555563b53bc in python_new_objfile (objfile=0x555558761700) at src/gdb/python/py-inferior.c:195
  #24 0x0000555555d6dff0 in std::__invoke_impl<void, void (*&)(objfile*), objfile*> (__f=@0x5555585b5860: 0x5555563b5360 <python_new_objfile(objfile*)>) at /usr/include/c++/11/bits/invoke.h:61
  #25 0x0000555555d6be18 in std::__invoke_r<void, void (*&)(objfile*), objfile*> (__fn=@0x5555585b5860: 0x5555563b5360 <python_new_objfile(objfile*)>) at /usr/include/c++/11/bits/invoke.h:111
  #26 0x0000555555d69661 in std::_Function_handler<void (objfile*), void (*)(objfile*)>::_M_invoke(std::_Any_data const&, objfile*&&) (__functor=..., __args#0=@0x7fffffffd080: 0x555558761700) at /usr/include/c++/11/bits/std_function.h:290
  #27 0x0000555556314caf in std::function<void (objfile*)>::operator()(objfile*) const (this=0x5555585b5860, __args#0=0x555558761700) at /usr/include/c++/11/bits/std_function.h:590
  #28 0x000055555631444e in gdb::observers::observable<objfile*>::notify (this=0x55555836eea0 <gdb::observers::new_objfile>, args#0=0x555558761700) at src/gdb/../gdbsupport/observable.h:166
  #29 0x0000555556599b3f in symbol_file_add_with_addrs (abfd=..., name=0x55555875d310 "/lib64/ld-linux-x86-64.so.2", add_flags=..., addrs=0x7fffffffd2f0, flags=..., parent=0x0) at src/gdb/symfile.c:1125
  #30 0x0000555556599ca4 in symbol_file_add_from_bfd (abfd=..., name=0x55555875d310 "/lib64/ld-linux-x86-64.so.2", add_flags=..., addrs=0x7fffffffd2f0, flags=..., parent=0x0) at src/gdb/symfile.c:1160
  #31 0x0000555556546371 in solib_read_symbols (so=..., flags=...) at src/gdb/solib.c:692
  #32 0x0000555556546f0f in solib_add (pattern=0x0, from_tty=0, readsyms=1) at src/gdb/solib.c:1015
  #33 0x0000555556539891 in enable_break (info=0x55555874e180, from_tty=0) at src/gdb/solib-svr4.c:2416
  #34 0x000055555653b305 in svr4_solib_create_inferior_hook (from_tty=0) at src/gdb/solib-svr4.c:3058
  #35 0x0000555556547cee in solib_create_inferior_hook (from_tty=0) at src/gdb/solib.c:1217
  #36 0x0000555556196f6a in post_create_inferior (from_tty=0) at src/gdb/infcmd.c:275
  #37 0x0000555556197670 in run_command_1 (args=0x0, from_tty=1, run_how=RUN_NORMAL) at src/gdb/infcmd.c:486
  #38 0x000055555619783f in run_command (args=0x0, from_tty=1) at src/gdb/infcmd.c:512
  #39 0x0000555555f0798d in do_simple_func (args=0x0, from_tty=1, c=0x555558567510) at src/gdb/cli/cli-decode.c:95
  #40 0x0000555555f0d89a in cmd_func (cmd=0x555558567510, args=0x0, from_tty=1) at src/gdb/cli/cli-decode.c:2735
  #41 0x000055555661fb42 in execute_command (p=0x7fffffffe2c4 "", from_tty=1) at src/gdb/top.c:575
  #42 0x000055555626303b in catch_command_errors (command=0x55555661f4ab <execute_command(char const*, int)>, arg=0x7fffffffe2c1 "run", from_tty=1, do_bp_actions=true) at src/gdb/main.c:513
  #43 0x000055555626328a in execute_cmdargs (cmdarg_vec=0x7fffffffdaf0, file_type=CMDARG_FILE, cmd_type=CMDARG_COMMAND, ret=0x7fffffffda3c) at src/gdb/main.c:612
  #44 0x0000555556264849 in captured_main_1 (context=0x7fffffffdd40) at src/gdb/main.c:1293
  #45 0x0000555556264a7f in captured_main (data=0x7fffffffdd40) at src/gdb/main.c:1314
  #46 0x0000555556264b2e in gdb_main (args=0x7fffffffdd40) at src/gdb/main.c:1343
  #47 0x0000555555ceccab in main (argc=9, argv=0x7fffffffde78) at src/gdb/gdb.c:39
  (top-gdb)

The use of the "target remote" command here is just an example.  In
principle, we would reproduce the problem with any command that
triggers an invocation of `normal_stop`.

To omit enabling the stdin in `normal_stop`, we would have to check the
context we are in.  Since we cannot do that, we add a new field to
`struct ui` to track whether the prompt was already blocked, and set
the tracker flag in the Python context before executing a GDB command.

After applying this patch, the output becomes

  ...
  Reading symbols from a.out...
  Starting program: /tmp/a.out
  loading /lib64/ld-linux-x86-64.so.2
  [New inferior 2]
  Added inferior 2
  [Switching to inferior 2 [<null>] (<noexec>)]
  stdin/stdout redirected
  Process /tmp/a.out created; pid = 3032261
  Remote debugging using stdio
  Reading /tmp/a.out from remote target...
  ...
  [Switching to inferior 1 [process 3032255] (/tmp/a.out)]
  [Switching to thread 1.1 (process 3032255)]
  #0  0x00007ffff7fe3290 in ?? () from /lib64/ld-linux-x86-64.so.2
  [Thread debugging using libthread_db enabled]
  Using host libthread_db library "/lib/x86_64-linux-gnu/libthread_db.so.1".
  [Inferior 1 (process 3032255) exited normally]
  (gdb)

Let's now consider a secondary scenario, where the command executed from
the Python raises an error.  As an example, suppose we have the Python
file below:

    def handle_new_objfile_event(self, event):
        ...
        print("loading " + event.new_objfile.filename)
        self.processed_objfile = True
        gdb.execute('print a')

The executed command, "print a", gives an error because "a" is not
defined.  Without this patch, we see the behavior below, where the
prompt is again placed incorrectly:

  ...
  Reading symbols from /tmp/a.out...
  Starting program: /tmp/a.out
  loading /lib64/ld-linux-x86-64.so.2
  Python Exception <class 'gdb.error'>: No symbol "a" in current context.
  (gdb) [Inferior 1 (process 3980401) exited normally]

This time, `async_enable_stdin` is called from the 'catch' block in
`execute_gdb_command`:

  (top-gdb) bt
  #0  async_enable_stdin () at src/gdb/event-top.c:523
  #1  0x0000555556400f0a in execute_gdb_command (self=0x7ffff43b5d00, args=0x7ffff440ab60, kw=0x0) at src/gdb/python/python.c:713
  #2  0x00007ffff7a96023 in ?? () from /lib/x86_64-linux-gnu/libpython3.10.so.1.0
  #3  0x00007ffff7a4dadc in _PyObject_MakeTpCall () from /lib/x86_64-linux-gnu/libpython3.10.so.1.0
  #4  0x00007ffff79e9a1c in _PyEval_EvalFrameDefault () from /lib/x86_64-linux-gnu/libpython3.10.so.1.0
  #5  0x00007ffff7b303af in ?? () from /lib/x86_64-linux-gnu/libpython3.10.so.1.0
  #6  0x00007ffff7a50358 in ?? () from /lib/x86_64-linux-gnu/libpython3.10.so.1.0
  #7  0x00007ffff7a4f3f4 in ?? () from /lib/x86_64-linux-gnu/libpython3.10.so.1.0
  #8  0x00007ffff7a4f883 in PyObject_CallFunctionObjArgs () from /lib/x86_64-linux-gnu/libpython3.10.so.1.0
  #9  0x00005555563a9758 in evpy_emit_event (event=0x7ffff42b5430, registry=0x7ffff42b4690) at src/gdb/python/py-event.c:104
  #10 0x00005555563cb874 in emit_new_objfile_event (objfile=0x555558761410) at src/gdb/python/py-newobjfileevent.c:52
  #11 0x00005555563b53bc in python_new_objfile (objfile=0x555558761410) at src/gdb/python/py-inferior.c:195
  #12 0x0000555555d6dff0 in std::__invoke_impl<void, void (*&)(objfile*), objfile*> (__f=@0x5555585b5860: 0x5555563b5360 <python_new_objfile(objfile*)>) at /usr/include/c++/11/bits/invoke.h:61
  #13 0x0000555555d6be18 in std::__invoke_r<void, void (*&)(objfile*), objfile*> (__fn=@0x5555585b5860: 0x5555563b5360 <python_new_objfile(objfile*)>) at /usr/include/c++/11/bits/invoke.h:111
  #14 0x0000555555d69661 in std::_Function_handler<void (objfile*), void (*)(objfile*)>::_M_invoke(std::_Any_data const&, objfile*&&) (__functor=..., __args#0=@0x7fffffffd080: 0x555558761410) at /usr/include/c++/11/bits/std_function.h:290
  #15 0x0000555556314caf in std::function<void (objfile*)>::operator()(objfile*) const (this=0x5555585b5860, __args#0=0x555558761410) at /usr/include/c++/11/bits/std_function.h:590
  #16 0x000055555631444e in gdb::observers::observable<objfile*>::notify (this=0x55555836eea0 <gdb::observers::new_objfile>, args#0=0x555558761410) at src/gdb/../gdbsupport/observable.h:166
  #17 0x0000555556599b3f in symbol_file_add_with_addrs (abfd=..., name=0x55555875d020 "/lib64/ld-linux-x86-64.so.2", add_flags=..., addrs=0x7fffffffd2f0, flags=..., parent=0x0) at src/gdb/symfile.c:1125
  #18 0x0000555556599ca4 in symbol_file_add_from_bfd (abfd=..., name=0x55555875d020 "/lib64/ld-linux-x86-64.so.2", add_flags=..., addrs=0x7fffffffd2f0, flags=..., parent=0x0) at src/gdb/symfile.c:1160
  #19 0x0000555556546371 in solib_read_symbols (so=..., flags=...) at src/gdb/solib.c:692
  #20 0x0000555556546f0f in solib_add (pattern=0x0, from_tty=0, readsyms=1) at src/gdb/solib.c:1015
  #21 0x0000555556539891 in enable_break (info=0x55555874a670, from_tty=0) at src/gdb/solib-svr4.c:2416
  #22 0x000055555653b305 in svr4_solib_create_inferior_hook (from_tty=0) at src/gdb/solib-svr4.c:3058
  #23 0x0000555556547cee in solib_create_inferior_hook (from_tty=0) at src/gdb/solib.c:1217
  #24 0x0000555556196f6a in post_create_inferior (from_tty=0) at src/gdb/infcmd.c:275
  #25 0x0000555556197670 in run_command_1 (args=0x0, from_tty=1, run_how=RUN_NORMAL) at src/gdb/infcmd.c:486
  #26 0x000055555619783f in run_command (args=0x0, from_tty=1) at src/gdb/infcmd.c:512
  #27 0x0000555555f0798d in do_simple_func (args=0x0, from_tty=1, c=0x555558567510) at src/gdb/cli/cli-decode.c:95
  #28 0x0000555555f0d89a in cmd_func (cmd=0x555558567510, args=0x0, from_tty=1) at src/gdb/cli/cli-decode.c:2735
  #29 0x000055555661fb42 in execute_command (p=0x7fffffffe2c4 "", from_tty=1) at src/gdb/top.c:575
  #30 0x000055555626303b in catch_command_errors (command=0x55555661f4ab <execute_command(char const*, int)>, arg=0x7fffffffe2c1 "run", from_tty=1, do_bp_actions=true) at src/gdb/main.c:513
  #31 0x000055555626328a in execute_cmdargs (cmdarg_vec=0x7fffffffdaf0, file_type=CMDARG_FILE, cmd_type=CMDARG_COMMAND, ret=0x7fffffffda3c) at src/gdb/main.c:612
  #32 0x0000555556264849 in captured_main_1 (context=0x7fffffffdd40) at src/gdb/main.c:1293
  #33 0x0000555556264a7f in captured_main (data=0x7fffffffdd40) at src/gdb/main.c:1314
  #34 0x0000555556264b2e in gdb_main (args=0x7fffffffdd40) at src/gdb/main.c:1343
  #35 0x0000555555ceccab in main (argc=9, argv=0x7fffffffde78) at src/gdb/gdb.c:39
  (top-gdb)

Again, after we enable stdin, GDB continues with its normal flow
of the 'run' command and receives the inferior's exit event, where
it would have enabled stdin, if we had not done it prematurely.

  (top-gdb) bt
  #0  async_enable_stdin () at src/gdb/event-top.c:523
  #1  0x00005555561c3acd in normal_stop () at src/gdb/infrun.c:9432
  #2  0x00005555561b5bf1 in fetch_inferior_event () at src/gdb/infrun.c:4700
  #3  0x000055555618d6a7 in inferior_event_handler (event_type=INF_REG_EVENT) at src/gdb/inf-loop.c:42
  #4  0x000055555620ecdb in handle_target_event (error=0, client_data=0x0) at src/gdb/linux-nat.c:4316
  #5  0x0000555556f33035 in handle_file_event (file_ptr=0x5555587024e0, ready_mask=1) at src/gdbsupport/event-loop.cc:573
  #6  0x0000555556f3362f in gdb_wait_for_event (block=0) at src/gdbsupport/event-loop.cc:694
  #7  0x0000555556f322cd in gdb_do_one_event (mstimeout=-1) at src/gdbsupport/event-loop.cc:217
  #8  0x0000555556262df8 in start_event_loop () at src/gdb/main.c:407
  #9  0x0000555556262f85 in captured_command_loop () at src/gdb/main.c:471
  #10 0x0000555556264a84 in captured_main (data=0x7fffffffdd40) at src/gdb/main.c:1324
  #11 0x0000555556264b2e in gdb_main (args=0x7fffffffdd40) at src/gdb/main.c:1343
  #12 0x0000555555ceccab in main (argc=9, argv=0x7fffffffde78) at src/gdb/gdb.c:39
  (top-gdb)

The solution implemented by this patch addresses the problem.  After
applying the patch, the output becomes

  $ gdb -q -ex "source file.py" -ex "run" --args a.out
  Reading symbols from /tmp/a.out...
  Starting program: /tmp/a.out
  loading /lib64/ld-linux-x86-64.so.2
  Python Exception <class 'gdb.error'>: No symbol "a" in current context.
  [Inferior 1 (process 3984511) exited normally]
  (gdb)

Regression-tested on X86_64 Linux using the default board file (i.e.  unix).

Co-Authored-By: Oguzhan Karakaya <oguzhan.karakaya@intel.com>
Reviewed-By: Guinevere Larsen <blarsen@redhat.com>
Approved-By: Tom Tromey <tom@tromey.com>
tromey pushed a commit that referenced this issue Apr 30, 2024
When running test-case gdb.server/connect-with-no-symbol-file.exp on
aarch64-linux (specifically, an opensuse leap 15.5 container on a
fedora asahi 39 system), I run into:
...
(gdb) detach^M
Detaching from program: target:connect-with-no-symbol-file, process 185104^M
Ending remote debugging.^M
terminate called after throwing an instance of 'gdb_exception_error'^M
...

The detailed backtrace of the corefile is:
...
 (gdb) bt
 #0  0x0000ffff75504f54 in raise () from /lib64/libpthread.so.0
 #1  0x00000000007a86b4 in handle_fatal_signal (sig=6)
     at gdb/event-top.c:926
 #2  <signal handler called>
 #3  0x0000ffff74b977b4 in raise () from /lib64/libc.so.6
 #4  0x0000ffff74b98c18 in abort () from /lib64/libc.so.6
 #5  0x0000ffff74ea26f4 in __gnu_cxx::__verbose_terminate_handler() ()
    from /usr/lib64/libstdc++.so.6
 #6  0x0000ffff74ea011c in ?? () from /usr/lib64/libstdc++.so.6
 #7  0x0000ffff74ea0180 in std::terminate() () from /usr/lib64/libstdc++.so.6
 #8  0x0000ffff74ea0464 in __cxa_throw () from /usr/lib64/libstdc++.so.6
 #9  0x0000000001548870 in throw_it (reason=RETURN_ERROR,
     error=TARGET_CLOSE_ERROR, fmt=0x16c7810 "Remote connection closed", ap=...)
     at gdbsupport/common-exceptions.cc:203
 #10 0x0000000001548920 in throw_verror (error=TARGET_CLOSE_ERROR,
     fmt=0x16c7810 "Remote connection closed", ap=...)
     at gdbsupport/common-exceptions.cc:211
 #11 0x0000000001548a00 in throw_error (error=TARGET_CLOSE_ERROR,
     fmt=0x16c7810 "Remote connection closed")
     at gdbsupport/common-exceptions.cc:226
 #12 0x0000000000ac8f2c in remote_target::readchar (this=0x233d3d90, timeout=2)
     at gdb/remote.c:9856
 #13 0x0000000000ac9f04 in remote_target::getpkt (this=0x233d3d90,
     buf=0x233d40a8, forever=false, is_notif=0x0) at gdb/remote.c:10326
 #14 0x0000000000acf3d0 in remote_target::remote_hostio_send_command
     (this=0x233d3d90, command_bytes=13, which_packet=17,
     remote_errno=0xfffff1a3cf38, attachment=0xfffff1a3ce88,
     attachment_len=0xfffff1a3ce90) at gdb/remote.c:12567
 #15 0x0000000000ad03bc in remote_target::fileio_fstat (this=0x233d3d90, fd=3,
     st=0xfffff1a3d020, remote_errno=0xfffff1a3cf38)
     at gdb/remote.c:12979
 #16 0x0000000000c39878 in target_fileio_fstat (fd=0, sb=0xfffff1a3d020,
     target_errno=0xfffff1a3cf38) at gdb/target.c:3315
 #17 0x00000000007eee5c in target_fileio_stream::stat (this=0x233d4400,
     abfd=0x2323fc40, sb=0xfffff1a3d020) at gdb/gdb_bfd.c:467
 #18 0x00000000007f012c in <lambda(bfd*, void*, stat*)>::operator()(bfd *,
     void *, stat *) const (__closure=0x0, abfd=0x2323fc40, stream=0x233d4400,
     sb=0xfffff1a3d020) at gdb/gdb_bfd.c:955
 #19 0x00000000007f015c in <lambda(bfd*, void*, stat*)>::_FUN(bfd *, void *,
     stat *) () at gdb/gdb_bfd.c:956
 #20 0x0000000000f9b838 in opncls_bstat (abfd=0x2323fc40, sb=0xfffff1a3d020)
     at bfd/opncls.c:665
 #21 0x0000000000f90adc in bfd_stat (abfd=0x2323fc40, statbuf=0xfffff1a3d020)
     at bfd/bfdio.c:431
 #22 0x000000000065fe20 in reopen_exec_file () at gdb/corefile.c:52
 #23 0x0000000000c3a3e8 in generic_mourn_inferior ()
     at gdb/target.c:3642
 #24 0x0000000000abf3f0 in remote_unpush_target (target=0x233d3d90)
     at gdb/remote.c:6067
 #25 0x0000000000aca8b0 in remote_target::mourn_inferior (this=0x233d3d90)
     at gdb/remote.c:10587
 #26 0x0000000000c387cc in target_mourn_inferior (
     ptid=<error reading variable: Cannot access memory at address 0x2d310>)
     at gdb/target.c:2738
 #27 0x0000000000abfff0 in remote_target::remote_detach_1 (this=0x233d3d90,
     inf=0x22fce540, from_tty=1) at gdb/remote.c:6421
 #28 0x0000000000ac0094 in remote_target::detach (this=0x233d3d90,
     inf=0x22fce540, from_tty=1) at gdb/remote.c:6436
 #29 0x0000000000c37c3c in target_detach (inf=0x22fce540, from_tty=1)
     at gdb/target.c:2526
 #30 0x0000000000860424 in detach_command (args=0x0, from_tty=1)
    at gdb/infcmd.c:2817
 #31 0x000000000060b594 in do_simple_func (args=0x0, from_tty=1, c=0x231431a0)
     at gdb/cli/cli-decode.c:94
 #32 0x00000000006108c8 in cmd_func (cmd=0x231431a0, args=0x0, from_tty=1)
     at gdb/cli/cli-decode.c:2741
 #33 0x0000000000c65a94 in execute_command (p=0x232e52f6 "", from_tty=1)
     at gdb/top.c:570
 #34 0x00000000007a7d2c in command_handler (command=0x232e52f0 "")
     at gdb/event-top.c:566
 #35 0x00000000007a8290 in command_line_handler (rl=...)
     at gdb/event-top.c:802
 #36 0x0000000000c9092c in tui_command_line_handler (rl=...)
     at gdb/tui/tui-interp.c:103
 #37 0x00000000007a750c in gdb_rl_callback_handler (rl=0x23385330 "detach")
     at gdb/event-top.c:258
 #38 0x0000000000d910f4 in rl_callback_read_char ()
     at readline/readline/callback.c:290
 #39 0x00000000007a7338 in gdb_rl_callback_read_char_wrapper_noexcept ()
     at gdb/event-top.c:194
 #40 0x00000000007a73f0 in gdb_rl_callback_read_char_wrapper
     (client_data=0x22fbf640) at gdb/event-top.c:233
 #41 0x0000000000cbee1c in stdin_event_handler (error=0, client_data=0x22fbf640)
     at gdb/ui.c:154
 #42 0x000000000154ed60 in handle_file_event (file_ptr=0x232be730, ready_mask=1)
     at gdbsupport/event-loop.cc:572
 #43 0x000000000154f21c in gdb_wait_for_event (block=1)
     at gdbsupport/event-loop.cc:693
 #44 0x000000000154dec4 in gdb_do_one_event (mstimeout=-1)
    at gdbsupport/event-loop.cc:263
 #45 0x0000000000910f98 in start_event_loop () at gdb/main.c:400
 #46 0x0000000000911130 in captured_command_loop () at gdb/main.c:464
 #47 0x0000000000912b5c in captured_main (data=0xfffff1a3db58)
     at gdb/main.c:1338
 #48 0x0000000000912bf4 in gdb_main (args=0xfffff1a3db58)
     at gdb/main.c:1357
 #49 0x00000000004170f4 in main (argc=10, argv=0xfffff1a3dcc8)
     at gdb/gdb.c:38
 (gdb)
...

The abort happens because a c++ exception escapes to c code, specifically
opncls_bstat in bfd/opncls.c.  Compiling with -fexceptions works around this.

Fix this by catching the exception just before it escapes, in stat_trampoline
and likewise in few similar spot.

Add a new template catch_exceptions to do so in a consistent way.

Tested on aarch64-linux.

Approved-by: Pedro Alves <pedro@palves.net>

PR remote/31577
Bug: https://sourceware.org/bugzilla/show_bug.cgi?id=31577
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