diff --git a/csrc/sampler.cu b/csrc/sampler.cu
index ee5793dda0ef..b0cce2e98d22 100644
--- a/csrc/sampler.cu
+++ b/csrc/sampler.cu
@@ -59,6 +59,8 @@ void apply_repetition_penalties_(
   int vocab_size = logits.size(-1);
   int num_seqs = logits.size(0);
 
+  if (num_seqs == 0) return;
+
   // Get number of SMs on the current device
   int sms = 0;
   cudaDeviceGetAttribute(&sms, cudaDevAttrMultiProcessorCount,
diff --git a/tests/kernels/test_apply_repetition_penalties.py b/tests/kernels/test_apply_repetition_penalties.py
index 5df52dc42f0a..90380b872d6c 100644
--- a/tests/kernels/test_apply_repetition_penalties.py
+++ b/tests/kernels/test_apply_repetition_penalties.py
@@ -75,3 +75,51 @@ def test_apply_repetition_penalties(
     # Test the operator by applying the opcheck utility
     opcheck(torch.ops._C.apply_repetition_penalties_,
             (logits.clone(), prompt_mask, output_mask, repetition_penalties))
+
+
+@pytest.mark.skipif(not current_platform.is_cuda(),
+                    reason="This test for checking CUDA kernel")
+@torch.inference_mode()
+def test_apply_repetition_penalties_zero_seqs() -> None:
+    """
+    Test the apply_repetition_penalties custom op with num_seqs=0
+    against a reference implementation.
+    """
+    num_seqs = 0
+    vocab_size = 17
+    repetition_penalty = 1.05
+    dtype = torch.float32
+    seed = 0
+
+    current_platform.seed_everything(seed)
+    torch.set_default_device("cuda:0")
+
+    # Create test data
+    logits = torch.randn(num_seqs, vocab_size, dtype=dtype)
+
+    # Create masks with some random tokens marked as repeated
+    prompt_mask = torch.zeros(num_seqs, vocab_size, dtype=torch.bool)
+    output_mask = torch.zeros(num_seqs, vocab_size, dtype=torch.bool)
+
+    # No tokens to mark as repeated since num_seqs=0
+
+    # Create repetition penalties tensor
+    repetition_penalties = torch.full((num_seqs, ),
+                                      repetition_penalty,
+                                      dtype=dtype)
+
+    # Run all three implementations
+    logits_torch = logits.clone()
+    logits_cuda = logits.clone()
+
+    apply_repetition_penalties_torch(logits_torch, prompt_mask, output_mask,
+                                     repetition_penalties)
+    apply_repetition_penalties_cuda(logits_cuda, prompt_mask, output_mask,
+                                    repetition_penalties)
+
+    # Compare all outputs to reference
+    torch.testing.assert_close(logits_torch, logits_cuda, rtol=1e-3, atol=1e-3)
+
+    # Test the operator by applying the opcheck utility
+    opcheck(torch.ops._C.apply_repetition_penalties_,
+            (logits.clone(), prompt_mask, output_mask, repetition_penalties))