diff --git a/packages/midscene/src/ai-model/coze/index.ts b/packages/midscene/src/ai-model/coze/index.ts
deleted file mode 100644
index 6074a2934..000000000
--- a/packages/midscene/src/ai-model/coze/index.ts
+++ /dev/null
@@ -1,107 +0,0 @@
-import assert from 'node:assert';
-import type { ChatCompletionUserMessageParam } from 'openai/resources';
-
-export const COZE_INSPECT_ELEMENT_BOT_ID =
-  process.env.COZE_INSPECT_ELEMENT_BOT_ID || '';
-export const COZE_AI_ACTION_BOT_ID = process.env.COZE_AI_ACTION_BOT_ID || '';
-export const COZE_AI_ASSERT_BOT_ID = process.env.COZE_AI_ASSERT_BOT_ID || '';
-export const COZE_EXTRACT_INFO_BOT_ID =
-  process.env.COZE_EXTRACT_INFO_BOT_ID || '';
-
-export const COZE_BOT_TOKEN = 'COZE_BOT_TOKEN';
-
-export function preferCozeModel(preferVendor?: 'coze' | 'openAI') {
-  if (preferVendor && preferVendor !== 'coze') return false;
-  return (
-    process.env[COZE_BOT_TOKEN] &&
-    process.env.COZE_INSPECT_ELEMENT_BOT_ID &&
-    process.env.COZE_AI_ACTION_BOT_ID &&
-    process.env.COZE_AI_ASSERT_BOT_ID &&
-    process.env.COZE_EXTRACT_INFO_BOT_ID
-  );
-}
-
-export async function callCozeAi<T>(options: {
-  query: string;
-  imgs: Array<string>;
-  botId: string;
-}): Promise<T> {
-  const { query, imgs, botId } = options;
-  const completion = await fetch('https://api.coze.com/open_api/v2/chat', {
-    method: 'POST',
-    headers: {
-      Authorization: `Bearer ${process.env[COZE_BOT_TOKEN]}`,
-      'Content-Type': 'application/json',
-      Accept: '*/*',
-      Host: 'api.coze.com',
-      Connection: 'keep-alive',
-    },
-    body: JSON.stringify({
-      conversation_id: '123',
-      bot_id: botId,
-      user: '29032201862555',
-      query,
-      meta_data: {
-        img: imgs.map((imgPath) => {
-          return {
-            url: imgPath,
-          };
-        }),
-      },
-      stream: false,
-    }),
-  });
-  if (!completion.ok) {
-    console.error('CozeAI reponse error', completion);
-    throw new Error('Network response was not ok');
-  }
-
-  const aiResponse = await completion.json();
-  if (aiResponse.code !== 0) {
-    console.error('CozeAI error response', aiResponse.msg);
-    throw new Error(`CozeAI error response ${aiResponse.msg}`);
-  }
-
-  if (!aiResponse?.messages || !aiResponse?.messages[0]?.content) {
-    console.error('aiResponse', aiResponse);
-    throw new Error('aiResponse is undefined', aiResponse);
-  }
-  const parseContent = aiResponse?.messages[0]?.content;
-  assert(parseContent, 'empty content');
-  try {
-    return JSON.parse(parseContent);
-  } catch (err) {
-    console.error("can't parse coze content", aiResponse, err);
-    throw Error("can't parse coze content");
-  }
-}
-
-export function transformOpenAiArgsToCoze(msg: ChatCompletionUserMessageParam) {
-  if (msg.role !== 'user') throw Error(`can't transform ${msg} to coze args`);
-  // const query = '';
-  // const imgs = msg.content
-  if (typeof msg.content === 'string') {
-    return {
-      query: msg.content,
-      imgs: [],
-    };
-  }
-
-  return {
-    query: msg.content.reduce((res, next) => {
-      if (next.type === 'text') {
-        res += `\n${next.text}`;
-      }
-      return res;
-    }, ''),
-    imgs: msg.content.reduce(
-      (res, next) => {
-        if (next.type === 'image_url') {
-          res.push(next.image_url.url);
-        }
-        return res;
-      },
-      [] as Array<string>,
-    ),
-  };
-}
diff --git a/packages/midscene/src/ai-model/inspect.ts b/packages/midscene/src/ai-model/inspect.ts
index 5d7f5e525..ce7fd68be 100644
--- a/packages/midscene/src/ai-model/inspect.ts
+++ b/packages/midscene/src/ai-model/inspect.ts
@@ -124,7 +124,6 @@ export async function AiInspectElement<
   multi: boolean;
   targetElementDescription: string;
   callAI?: typeof callAiFn<AIElementResponse | [number, number]>;
-  useModel?: 'coze' | 'openAI';
   quickAnswer?: AISingleElementResponse;
 }): Promise<{
   parseResult: AIElementResponse;
@@ -195,9 +194,8 @@ export async function AiExtractElementInfo<
 >(options: {
   dataQuery: string | Record<string, string>;
   context: UIContext<ElementType>;
-  useModel?: 'coze' | 'openAI';
 }) {
-  const { dataQuery, context, useModel } = options;
+  const { dataQuery, context } = options;
   const systemPrompt = systemPromptToExtract();
 
   const { screenshotBase64 } = context;
@@ -256,9 +254,8 @@ export async function AiAssert<
 >(options: {
   assertion: string;
   context: UIContext<ElementType>;
-  useModel?: 'coze' | 'openAI';
 }) {
-  const { assertion, context, useModel } = options;
+  const { assertion, context } = options;
 
   assert(assertion, 'assertion should be a string');
 
diff --git a/packages/midscene/src/ai-model/openai/index.ts b/packages/midscene/src/ai-model/openai/index.ts
index c2a96bd5b..fcc8b16df 100644
--- a/packages/midscene/src/ai-model/openai/index.ts
+++ b/packages/midscene/src/ai-model/openai/index.ts
@@ -41,7 +41,7 @@ import { findElementSchema } from '../prompt/element_inspector';
 import { planSchema } from '../prompt/planning';
 import { assertSchema } from '../prompt/util';
 
-export function checkAIConfig(preferVendor?: 'coze' | 'openAI') {
+export function checkAIConfig(preferVendor?: 'openAI') {
   if (preferVendor && preferVendor !== 'openAI') return false;
   if (getAIConfig(OPENAI_API_KEY)) return true;
   if (getAIConfig(MIDSCENE_USE_AZURE_OPENAI)) return true;
diff --git a/packages/midscene/tests/ai/assert/assert.test.ts b/packages/midscene/tests/ai/assert/assert.test.ts
index b03ddd570..4e67c9dcb 100644
--- a/packages/midscene/tests/ai/assert/assert.test.ts
+++ b/packages/midscene/tests/ai/assert/assert.test.ts
@@ -1,5 +1,4 @@
 import { AiAssert } from '@/ai-model';
-import { preferCozeModel } from '@/ai-model/coze';
 /* eslint-disable max-lines-per-function */
 import { describe, expect, it, vi } from 'vitest';
 import { getPageDataOfTestName } from '../evaluate/test-suite/util';
@@ -9,38 +8,28 @@ vi.setConfig({
   hookTimeout: 30 * 1000,
 });
 
-const modelList: Array<'openAI' | 'coze'> = ['openAI'];
+describe('assert', () => {
+  it('todo pass', async () => {
+    const { context } = await getPageDataOfTestName('todo');
 
-if (preferCozeModel('coze')) {
-  modelList.push('coze');
-}
-
-modelList.forEach((model) => {
-  describe('assert', () => {
-    it('todo pass', async () => {
-      const { context } = await getPageDataOfTestName('todo');
-
-      const {
-        content: { pass },
-      } = await AiAssert({
-        assertion: 'Three tasks have been added',
-        context,
-        useModel: model,
-      });
-      expect(pass).toBe(true);
+    const {
+      content: { pass },
+    } = await AiAssert({
+      assertion: 'Three tasks have been added',
+      context,
     });
+    expect(pass).toBe(true);
+  });
 
-    it('todo error', async () => {
-      const { context } = await getPageDataOfTestName('todo');
+  it('todo error', async () => {
+    const { context } = await getPageDataOfTestName('todo');
 
-      const {
-        content: { pass, thought },
-      } = await AiAssert({
-        assertion: 'There are four tasks in the task list',
-        context,
-        useModel: model,
-      });
-      expect(pass).toBe(false);
+    const {
+      content: { pass, thought },
+    } = await AiAssert({
+      assertion: 'There are four tasks in the task list',
+      context,
     });
+    expect(pass).toBe(false);
   });
 });
diff --git a/packages/midscene/tests/ai/evaluate/plan/planning-input.test.ts b/packages/midscene/tests/ai/evaluate/plan/planning-input.test.ts
new file mode 100644
index 000000000..7d377e52c
--- /dev/null
+++ b/packages/midscene/tests/ai/evaluate/plan/planning-input.test.ts
@@ -0,0 +1,45 @@
+import { plan } from '@/ai-model';
+/* eslint-disable max-lines-per-function */
+import { describe, expect, it, vi } from 'vitest';
+import { makePlanResultStable } from '../../util';
+import { getPageDataOfTestName, repeat } from './../test-suite/util';
+
+vi.setConfig({
+  testTimeout: 180 * 1000,
+  hookTimeout: 30 * 1000,
+});
+
+describe('automation - planning input', () => {
+  repeat(5, () =>
+    it('input value', async () => {
+      const { context } = await getPageDataOfTestName('todo');
+      const instructions = [
+        'In the taskbar, type learning english',
+        'In the taskbar, type learning english and hit Enter key',
+      ];
+
+      for (const instruction of instructions) {
+        const { actions } = await plan(instruction, { context });
+        const res = makePlanResultStable(actions);
+        expect(res).toMatchSnapshot();
+      }
+    }),
+  );
+
+  repeat(5, () =>
+    it('input value Add, delete, correct and check', async () => {
+      const { context } = await getPageDataOfTestName('todo-input-with-value');
+      const instructions = [
+        'Append "tomorrow" to the existing content in the task input box',
+        'Replace "English" with "Skiing" in the existing content of the task input box',
+        'Delete "English" from the existing content in the task input box',
+      ];
+
+      for (const instruction of instructions) {
+        const { actions } = await plan(instruction, { context });
+        const res = makePlanResultStable(actions);
+        expect(res).toMatchSnapshot();
+      }
+    }),
+  );
+});
diff --git a/packages/midscene/tests/ai/evaluate/planning.test.ts b/packages/midscene/tests/ai/evaluate/plan/planning.test.ts
similarity index 100%
rename from packages/midscene/tests/ai/evaluate/planning.test.ts
rename to packages/midscene/tests/ai/evaluate/plan/planning.test.ts
diff --git a/packages/midscene/tests/ai/evaluate/planning-input.test.ts b/packages/midscene/tests/ai/evaluate/planning-input.test.ts
deleted file mode 100644
index cfb311002..000000000
--- a/packages/midscene/tests/ai/evaluate/planning-input.test.ts
+++ /dev/null
@@ -1,49 +0,0 @@
-import { plan } from '@/ai-model';
-/* eslint-disable max-lines-per-function */
-import { describe, expect, it, vi } from 'vitest';
-import { makePlanResultStable, modelList } from '../util';
-import { getPageDataOfTestName, repeat } from './test-suite/util';
-
-vi.setConfig({
-  testTimeout: 180 * 1000,
-  hookTimeout: 30 * 1000,
-});
-
-modelList.forEach((model) => {
-  describe(`automation - planning input - ${model}`, () => {
-    repeat(5, () =>
-      it('input value', async () => {
-        const { context } = await getPageDataOfTestName('todo');
-        const instructions = [
-          'In the taskbar, type learning english',
-          'In the taskbar, type learning english and hit Enter key',
-        ];
-
-        for (const instruction of instructions) {
-          const { actions } = await plan(instruction, { context }, model);
-          const res = makePlanResultStable(actions);
-          expect(res).toMatchSnapshot();
-        }
-      }),
-    );
-
-    repeat(5, () =>
-      it('input value Add, delete, correct and check', async () => {
-        const { context } = await getPageDataOfTestName(
-          'todo-input-with-value',
-        );
-        const instructions = [
-          'Append "tomorrow" to the existing content in the task input box',
-          'Replace "English" with "Skiing" in the existing content of the task input box',
-          'Delete "English" from the existing content in the task input box',
-        ];
-
-        for (const instruction of instructions) {
-          const { actions } = await plan(instruction, { context }, model);
-          const res = makePlanResultStable(actions);
-          expect(res).toMatchSnapshot();
-        }
-      }),
-    );
-  });
-});
diff --git a/packages/midscene/tests/ai/extract/extract.test.ts b/packages/midscene/tests/ai/extract/extract.test.ts
index 6b023a471..18995c4c0 100644
--- a/packages/midscene/tests/ai/extract/extract.test.ts
+++ b/packages/midscene/tests/ai/extract/extract.test.ts
@@ -1,5 +1,4 @@
 import { AiExtractElementInfo } from '@/ai-model';
-import { preferCozeModel } from '@/ai-model/coze';
 import { describe, expect, it, vi } from 'vitest';
 import { getPageDataOfTestName } from '../evaluate/test-suite/util';
 
@@ -8,46 +7,35 @@ vi.setConfig({
   hookTimeout: 30 * 1000,
 });
 
-const modelList: Array<'openAI' | 'coze'> = ['openAI'];
+describe('extract', () => {
+  it('todo', async () => {
+    const { context } = await getPageDataOfTestName('todo');
 
-if (preferCozeModel('coze')) {
-  modelList.push('coze');
-}
-
-modelList.forEach((model) => {
-  describe(`assert ${model}`, () => {
-    it('todo', async () => {
-      const { context } = await getPageDataOfTestName('todo');
-
-      const { parseResult } = await AiExtractElementInfo({
-        dataQuery: 'Array<string>, Complete task list, string is the task',
-        context,
-        useModel: model,
-      });
-      expect(parseResult).toMatchSnapshot();
+    const { parseResult } = await AiExtractElementInfo({
+      dataQuery: 'Array<string>, Complete task list, string is the task',
+      context,
     });
+    expect(parseResult).toMatchSnapshot();
+  });
 
-    it('online order', async () => {
-      const { context } = await getPageDataOfTestName('online_order');
+  it('online order', async () => {
+    const { context } = await getPageDataOfTestName('online_order');
 
-      const { parseResult } = await AiExtractElementInfo({
-        dataQuery: '{name: string, price: string}[], 饮品名称和价格',
-        context,
-        useModel: model,
-      });
-      expect(parseResult).toMatchSnapshot();
+    const { parseResult } = await AiExtractElementInfo({
+      dataQuery: '{name: string, price: string}[], 饮品名称和价格',
+      context,
     });
+    expect(parseResult).toMatchSnapshot();
+  });
 
-    it('todo obj', async () => {
-      const { context } = await getPageDataOfTestName('todo');
+  it('todo obj', async () => {
+    const { context } = await getPageDataOfTestName('todo');
 
-      const { parseResult } = await AiExtractElementInfo({
-        dataQuery:
-          '{checked: boolean; text: string}[],Complete task list, string is the task',
-        context,
-        useModel: model,
-      });
-      expect(parseResult).toMatchSnapshot();
+    const { parseResult } = await AiExtractElementInfo({
+      dataQuery:
+        '{checked: boolean; text: string}[],Complete task list, string is the task',
+      context,
     });
+    expect(parseResult).toMatchSnapshot();
   });
 });
diff --git a/packages/midscene/tests/ai/util.ts b/packages/midscene/tests/ai/util.ts
index f85e76729..211383676 100644
--- a/packages/midscene/tests/ai/util.ts
+++ b/packages/midscene/tests/ai/util.ts
@@ -1,4 +1,3 @@
-import { preferCozeModel } from '@/ai-model/coze';
 import type { PlanningAction } from '@/types';
 
 export function makePlanResultStable(plans: PlanningAction[]) {
@@ -15,7 +14,3 @@ export function makePlanResultStable(plans: PlanningAction[]) {
     return plan;
   });
 }
-
-export const modelList: Array<'openAI' | 'coze'> = preferCozeModel('coze')
-  ? ['openAI', 'coze']
-  : ['openAI'];