-
Notifications
You must be signed in to change notification settings - Fork 0
/
Copy pathJavaScript Tutorial.html
4993 lines (4747 loc) · 324 KB
/
JavaScript Tutorial.html
1
2
3
4
5
6
7
8
9
10
11
12
13
14
15
16
17
18
19
20
21
22
23
24
25
26
27
28
29
30
31
32
33
34
35
36
37
38
39
40
41
42
43
44
45
46
47
48
49
50
51
52
53
54
55
56
57
58
59
60
61
62
63
64
65
66
67
68
69
70
71
72
73
74
75
76
77
78
79
80
81
82
83
84
85
86
87
88
89
90
91
92
93
94
95
96
97
98
99
100
101
102
103
104
105
106
107
108
109
110
111
112
113
114
115
116
117
118
119
120
121
122
123
124
125
126
127
128
129
130
131
132
133
134
135
136
137
138
139
140
141
142
143
144
145
146
147
148
149
150
151
152
153
154
155
156
157
158
159
160
161
162
163
164
165
166
167
168
169
170
171
172
173
174
175
176
177
178
179
180
181
182
183
184
185
186
187
188
189
190
191
192
193
194
195
196
197
198
199
200
201
202
203
204
205
206
207
208
209
210
211
212
213
214
215
216
217
218
219
220
221
222
223
224
225
226
227
228
229
230
231
232
233
234
235
236
237
238
239
240
241
242
243
244
245
246
247
248
249
250
251
252
253
254
255
256
257
258
259
260
261
262
263
264
265
266
267
268
269
270
271
272
273
274
275
276
277
278
279
280
281
282
283
284
285
286
287
288
289
290
291
292
293
294
295
296
297
298
299
300
301
302
303
304
305
306
307
308
309
310
311
312
313
314
315
316
317
318
319
320
321
322
323
324
325
326
327
328
329
330
331
332
333
334
335
336
337
338
339
340
341
342
343
344
345
346
347
348
349
350
351
352
353
354
355
356
357
358
359
360
361
362
363
364
365
366
367
368
369
370
371
372
373
374
375
376
377
378
379
380
381
382
383
384
385
386
387
388
389
390
391
392
393
394
395
396
397
398
399
400
401
402
403
404
405
406
407
408
409
410
411
412
413
414
415
416
417
418
419
420
421
422
423
424
425
426
427
428
429
430
431
432
433
434
435
436
437
438
439
440
441
442
443
444
445
446
447
448
449
450
451
452
453
454
455
456
457
458
459
460
461
462
463
464
465
466
467
468
469
470
471
472
473
474
475
476
477
478
479
480
481
482
483
484
485
486
487
488
489
490
491
492
493
494
495
496
497
498
499
500
501
502
503
504
505
506
507
508
509
510
511
512
513
514
515
516
517
518
519
520
521
522
523
524
525
526
527
528
529
530
531
532
533
534
535
536
537
538
539
540
541
542
543
544
545
546
547
548
549
550
551
552
553
554
555
556
557
558
559
560
561
562
563
564
565
566
567
568
569
570
571
572
573
574
575
576
577
578
579
580
581
582
583
584
585
586
587
588
589
590
591
592
593
594
595
596
597
598
599
600
601
602
603
604
605
606
607
608
609
610
611
612
613
614
615
616
617
618
619
620
621
622
623
624
625
626
627
628
629
630
631
632
633
634
635
636
637
638
639
640
641
642
643
644
645
646
647
648
649
650
651
652
653
654
655
656
657
658
659
660
661
662
663
664
665
666
667
668
669
670
671
672
673
674
675
676
677
678
679
680
681
682
683
684
685
686
687
688
689
690
691
692
693
694
695
696
697
698
699
700
701
702
703
704
705
706
707
708
709
710
711
712
713
714
715
716
717
718
719
720
721
722
723
724
725
726
727
728
729
730
731
732
733
734
735
736
737
738
739
740
741
742
743
744
745
746
747
748
749
750
751
752
753
754
755
756
757
758
759
760
761
762
763
764
765
766
767
768
769
770
771
772
773
774
775
776
777
778
779
780
781
782
783
784
785
786
787
788
789
790
791
792
793
794
795
796
797
798
799
800
801
802
803
804
805
806
807
808
809
810
811
812
813
814
815
816
817
818
819
820
821
822
823
824
825
826
827
828
829
830
831
832
833
834
835
836
837
838
839
840
841
842
843
844
845
846
847
848
849
850
851
852
853
854
855
856
857
858
859
860
861
862
863
864
865
866
867
868
869
870
871
872
873
874
875
876
877
878
879
880
881
882
883
884
885
886
887
888
889
890
891
892
893
894
895
896
897
898
899
900
901
902
903
904
905
906
907
908
909
910
911
912
913
914
915
916
917
918
919
920
921
922
923
924
925
926
927
928
929
930
931
932
933
934
935
936
937
938
939
940
941
942
943
944
945
946
947
948
949
950
951
952
953
954
955
956
957
958
959
960
961
962
963
964
965
966
967
968
969
970
971
972
973
974
975
976
977
978
979
980
981
982
983
984
985
986
987
988
989
990
991
992
993
994
995
996
997
998
999
1000
<!DOCTYPE html>
<!-- saved from url=(0029)https://www.w3schools.com/js/ -->
<html lang="en-US"><head><meta http-equiv="Content-Type" content="text/html; charset=UTF-8"><script type="text/javascript" async="" src="./JavaScript Tutorial_files/publishertag.prebid.js.download"></script><script type="text/javascript" async="" src="./JavaScript Tutorial_files/localstore.js.download"></script>
<title>JavaScript Tutorial</title>
<meta name="viewport" content="width=device-width, initial-scale=1">
<meta name="Keywords" content="HTML, Python, CSS, SQL, JavaScript, How to, PHP, Java, C, C++, C#, jQuery, Bootstrap, Colors, W3.CSS, XML, MySQL, Icons, NodeJS, React, Graphics, Angular, R, AI, Git, Data Science, Code Game, Tutorials, Programming, Web Development, Training, Learning, Quiz, Exercises, Courses, Lessons, References, Examples, Learn to code, Source code, Demos, Tips, Website">
<meta name="Description" content="Well organized and easy to understand Web building tutorials with lots of examples of how to use HTML, CSS, JavaScript, SQL, Python, PHP, Bootstrap, Java, XML and more.">
<meta property="og:image" content="https://www.w3schools.com/images/w3schools_logo_436_2.png">
<meta property="og:image:type" content="image/png">
<meta property="og:image:width" content="436">
<meta property="og:image:height" content="228">
<meta property="og:description" content="W3Schools offers free online tutorials, references and exercises in all the major languages of the web. Covering popular subjects like HTML, CSS, JavaScript, Python, SQL, Java, and many, many more.">
<link rel="icon" href="https://www.w3schools.com/favicon.ico">
<link rel="apple-touch-icon" sizes="180x180" href="https://www.w3schools.com/apple-touch-icon.png">
<link rel="icon" type="image/png" sizes="32x32" href="https://www.w3schools.com/favicon-32x32.png">
<link rel="icon" type="image/png" sizes="16x16" href="https://www.w3schools.com/favicon-16x16.png">
<link rel="manifest" href="https://www.w3schools.com/site.webmanifest">
<link rel="mask-icon" href="https://www.w3schools.com/safari-pinned-tab.svg" color="#04aa6d">
<meta name="msapplication-TileColor" content="#00a300">
<meta name="theme-color" content="#ffffff">
<link rel="preload" href="https://www.w3schools.com/lib/fonts/fontawesome.woff2?14663396" as="font" type="font/woff2" crossorigin="">
<link rel="preload" href="https://www.w3schools.com/lib/fonts/source-code-pro-v14-latin-regular.woff2" as="font" type="font/woff2" crossorigin="">
<link rel="preload" href="https://www.w3schools.com/lib/fonts/roboto-mono-v13-latin-500.woff2" as="font" type="font/woff2" crossorigin="">
<link rel="preload" href="https://www.w3schools.com/lib/fonts/source-sans-pro-v14-latin-700.woff2" as="font" type="font/woff2" crossorigin="">
<link rel="preload" href="https://www.w3schools.com/lib/fonts/source-sans-pro-v14-latin-600.woff2" as="font" type="font/woff2" crossorigin="">
<link rel="preload" href="https://www.w3schools.com/lib/fonts/SourceSansPro-Regular.woff2" as="font" type="font/woff2" crossorigin="">
<link rel="preload" href="https://www.w3schools.com/lib/fonts/freckle-face-v9-latin-regular.woff2" as="font" type="font/woff2" crossorigin="">
<link rel="stylesheet" href="./JavaScript Tutorial_files/main.css">
<link rel="stylesheet" href="./JavaScript Tutorial_files/main(1).css">
<link rel="stylesheet" href="./JavaScript Tutorial_files/main(2).css">
<link rel="stylesheet" href="./JavaScript Tutorial_files/w3schools32.css">
<link rel="stylesheet" href="./JavaScript Tutorial_files/main(3).css">
<!-- Google Tag Manager -->
<script async="" src="./JavaScript Tutorial_files/wrap.js.download"></script><script type="text/javascript" src="./JavaScript Tutorial_files/config.js.download" async=""></script><script type="text/javascript" async="" src="./JavaScript Tutorial_files/js"></script><script async="" src="./JavaScript Tutorial_files/gtm.js.download"></script><script>
(function(w,d,s,l,i){w[l]=w[l]||[];w[l].push({'gtm.start':
new Date().getTime(),event:'gtm.js'});var f=d.getElementsByTagName(s)[0],
j=d.createElement(s),dl=l!='dataLayer'?'&l='+l:'';j.async=true;j.src=
'https://www.googletagmanager.com/gtm.js?id='+i+dl;f.parentNode.insertBefore(j,f);
})(window,document,'script','dataLayer','GTM-KTCFC3S');
var subjectFolder = location.pathname;
subjectFolder = subjectFolder.replace("/", "");
if (subjectFolder.startsWith("python/") == true ) {
if (subjectFolder.includes("/numpy/") == true ) {
subjectFolder = "numpy/"
} else if (subjectFolder.includes("/pandas/") == true ) {
subjectFolder = "pandas/"
} else if (subjectFolder.includes("/scipy/") == true ) {
subjectFolder = "scipy/"
}
}
subjectFolder = subjectFolder.substr(0, subjectFolder.indexOf("/"));
</script>
<!-- End Google Tag Manager -->
<script src="./JavaScript Tutorial_files/uic.js.download"></script>
<script data-cfasync="false" type="text/javascript">
var k42 = false;
// GPT slots
var gptAdSlots = [];
window.googletag = window.googletag || { cmd: [] };
googletag.cmd.push(function() {
googletag.pubads().setTargeting("page_section", subjectFolder);
});
k42 = true;
</script>
<script data-cfasync="false" type="text/javascript">
window.snigelPubConf = {
"adengine": {
"activeLots": [
{placement: "adngin-bottom_left-0", adUnit: "bottom_left" },
{placement: "adngin-bottom_right-0", adUnit: "bottom_right" },
{placement: "adngin-main_leaderboard-0", adUnit: "main_leaderboard" },
{placement: "adngin-sidebar_top-0", adUnit: "sidebar_top" },
{placement: "adngin-outstream-0", adUnit: "outstream" },
]
}
}
uic_r_a()
</script>
<script type="text/javascript">
var stickyadstatus = "";
function fix_stickyad() {
document.getElementById("stickypos").style.position = "sticky";
var elem = document.getElementById("stickyadcontainer");
if (!elem) {return false;}
if (document.getElementById("skyscraper")) {
var skyWidth = Number(w3_getStyleValue(document.getElementById("skyscraper"), "width").replace("px", ""));
}
else {
var skyWidth = Number(w3_getStyleValue(document.getElementById("right"), "width").replace("px", ""));
}
elem.style.width = skyWidth + "px";
if (window.innerWidth <= 992) {
elem.style.position = "";
elem.style.top = stickypos + "px";
return false;
}
var stickypos = document.getElementById("stickypos").offsetTop;
var docTop = window.pageYOffset || document.documentElement.scrollTop || document.body.scrollTop;
var adHeight = Number(w3_getStyleValue(elem, "height").replace("px", ""));
if (stickyadstatus == "") {
if ((stickypos - docTop) < 100) {
elem.style.position = "fixed";
elem.style.top = "100px";
stickyadstatus = "sticky";
document.getElementById("stickypos").style.position = "sticky";
}
} else {
if ((docTop + 100) - stickypos < 0) {
elem.style.position = "";
elem.style.top = stickypos + "px";
stickyadstatus = "";
document.getElementById("stickypos").style.position = "static";
}
}
if (stickyadstatus == "sticky") {
if ((docTop + adHeight + 100) > document.getElementById("footer").offsetTop) {
elem.style.position = "absolute";
elem.style.top = (document.getElementById("footer").offsetTop - adHeight) + "px";
document.getElementById("stickypos").style.position = "static";
} else {
elem.style.position = "fixed";
elem.style.top = "100px";
stickyadstatus = "sticky";
document.getElementById("stickypos").style.position = "sticky";
}
}
}
function w3_getStyleValue(elmnt,style) {
if (window.getComputedStyle) {
return window.getComputedStyle(elmnt,null).getPropertyValue(style);
} else {
return elmnt.currentStyle[style];
}
}
</script>
<script async="" data-cfasync="false" src="./JavaScript Tutorial_files/loader.js.download" type="text/javascript"></script>
<script src="./JavaScript Tutorial_files/common-deps.js.download"></script>
<script src="./JavaScript Tutorial_files/user-session.js.download"></script>
<script src="./JavaScript Tutorial_files/main.js.download"></script>
<script type="text/javascript" async="" src="./JavaScript Tutorial_files/prebid.js.download"></script><script type="text/javascript" async="" src="./JavaScript Tutorial_files/apstag.js.download"></script><script type="text/javascript" async="" src="./JavaScript Tutorial_files/f.txt"></script><script type="text/javascript" async="" src="./JavaScript Tutorial_files/adngin.js.download"></script><script type="text/javascript" async="" src="./JavaScript Tutorial_files/argus.js.download"></script><script type="text/javascript" async="" src="./JavaScript Tutorial_files/315b44bc-10e5-45a8-8f58-064d6e7317c0.js.download"></script><argprec0></argprec0><argprec1></argprec1><style type="text/css">.snigel-cmp-framework .sn-inner {background-color:#fffefe!important;}.snigel-cmp-framework .sn-b-def {border-color:#04aa6d!important;color:#04aa6d!important;}.snigel-cmp-framework .sn-b-def.sn-blue {color:#ffffff!important;background-color:#04aa6d!important;border-color:#04aa6d!important;}.snigel-cmp-framework .sn-selector ul li {color:#04aa6d!important;}.snigel-cmp-framework .sn-selector ul li:after {background-color:#04aa6d!important;}.snigel-cmp-framework .sn-footer-tab .sn-privacy a {color:#04aa6d!important;}.snigel-cmp-framework .sn-arrow:after,.snigel-cmp-framework .sn-arrow:before {background-color:#04aa6d!important;}.snigel-cmp-framework .sn-switch input:checked + span::before {background-color:#04aa6d!important;}#adconsent-usp-link {border: 1px solid #04aa6d!important;color:#04aa6d!important;}#adconsent-usp-banner-optout input:checked + .adconsent-usp-slider {background-color:#04aa6d!important;}#adconsent-usp-banner-btn {color:#ffffff;border: solid 1px #04aa6d!important;background-color:#04aa6d!important; }</style><style type="text/css">.sn_ad_label{height:unset !important}</style><script src="./JavaScript Tutorial_files/3927" type="text/javascript" async="async"></script><meta http-equiv="origin-trial" content="AlK2UR5SkAlj8jjdEc9p3F3xuFYlF6LYjAML3EOqw1g26eCwWPjdmecULvBH5MVPoqKYrOfPhYVL71xAXI1IBQoAAAB8eyJvcmlnaW4iOiJodHRwczovL2RvdWJsZWNsaWNrLm5ldDo0NDMiLCJmZWF0dXJlIjoiV2ViVmlld1hSZXF1ZXN0ZWRXaXRoRGVwcmVjYXRpb24iLCJleHBpcnkiOjE3NTgwNjcxOTksImlzU3ViZG9tYWluIjp0cnVlfQ=="><meta http-equiv="origin-trial" content="Amm8/NmvvQfhwCib6I7ZsmUxiSCfOxWxHayJwyU1r3gRIItzr7bNQid6O8ZYaE1GSQTa69WwhPC9flq/oYkRBwsAAACCeyJvcmlnaW4iOiJodHRwczovL2dvb2dsZXN5bmRpY2F0aW9uLmNvbTo0NDMiLCJmZWF0dXJlIjoiV2ViVmlld1hSZXF1ZXN0ZWRXaXRoRGVwcmVjYXRpb24iLCJleHBpcnkiOjE3NTgwNjcxOTksImlzU3ViZG9tYWluIjp0cnVlfQ=="><meta http-equiv="origin-trial" content="A/ERL66fN363FkXxgDc6F1+ucRUkAhjEca9W3la6xaLnD2Y1lABsqmdaJmPNaUKPKVBRpyMKEhXYl7rSvrQw+AkAAACNeyJvcmlnaW4iOiJodHRwczovL2RvdWJsZWNsaWNrLm5ldDo0NDMiLCJmZWF0dXJlIjoiRmxlZGdlQmlkZGluZ0FuZEF1Y3Rpb25TZXJ2ZXIiLCJleHBpcnkiOjE3MTkzNTk5OTksImlzU3ViZG9tYWluIjp0cnVlLCJpc1RoaXJkUGFydHkiOnRydWV9"><meta http-equiv="origin-trial" content="A6OdGH3fVf4eKRDbXb4thXA4InNqDJDRhZ8U533U/roYjp4Yau0T3YSuc63vmAs/8ga1cD0E3A7LEq6AXk1uXgsAAACTeyJvcmlnaW4iOiJodHRwczovL2dvb2dsZXN5bmRpY2F0aW9uLmNvbTo0NDMiLCJmZWF0dXJlIjoiRmxlZGdlQmlkZGluZ0FuZEF1Y3Rpb25TZXJ2ZXIiLCJleHBpcnkiOjE3MTkzNTk5OTksImlzU3ViZG9tYWluIjp0cnVlLCJpc1RoaXJkUGFydHkiOnRydWV9"><script src="./JavaScript Tutorial_files/f(1).txt" async=""></script><script src="./JavaScript Tutorial_files/pubcid.min.js.download"></script><script src="./JavaScript Tutorial_files/id5-api.js.download"></script><script esp-signal="true" src="./JavaScript Tutorial_files/esp.js.download"></script><script esp-signal="true" src="./JavaScript Tutorial_files/sync.min.js.download"></script><script esp-signal="true" src="./JavaScript Tutorial_files/uid2SecureSignal.js.download"></script><script esp-signal="true" src="./JavaScript Tutorial_files/pubcid.min.js(1).download"></script><script esp-signal="true" src="./JavaScript Tutorial_files/esp.js(1).download"></script><script esp-signal="true" src="./JavaScript Tutorial_files/publishertag.ids.js.download"></script></head><body class="">
<div id="tnb-search-suggestions" style="display: none;"></div>
<div id="top-nav-bar" class="classic">
<div id="pagetop" class="w3-bar notranslate w3-white">
<a id="w3-logo" href="https://www.w3schools.com/" class="w3-bar-item w3-button w3-hover-none w3-left ga-top ga-top-w3home" title="Home" style="width: 75px" aria-label="Home link">
<i class="fa fa-logo ws-hover-text-green" style="position: relative; z-index: 1; color: #04aa6d; font-size: 36px !important" aria-hidden="true"></i>
</a>
<nav class="tnb-desktop-nav w3-bar-item">
<a class="tnb-nav-btn w3-bar-item w3-button barex bar-item-hover w3-padding-16 ga-top ga-top-tut-and-ref" href="javascript:void(0)" onclick="TopNavBar.openNavItem('tutorials')" id="navbtn_tutorials" title="Tutorials and References" role="button">
Tutorials
<i class="fa fa-caret-down" style="font-size: 15px; display: inline;" aria-hidden="true"></i>
<i class="fa fa-caret-up" style="display: none; font-size: 15px" aria-hidden="true"></i>
</a>
<a class="tnb-nav-btn w3-bar-item w3-button barex bar-item-hover w3-padding-16 ga-top ga-top-exc-and-quz" href="javascript:void(0)" onclick="TopNavBar.openNavItem('exercises')" id="navbtn_exercises" title="Exercises and Quizzes" role="button">
Exercises
<i class="fa fa-caret-down" style="font-size: 15px; display: inline;" aria-hidden="true"></i>
<i class="fa fa-caret-up" style="display: none; font-size: 15px" aria-hidden="true"></i>
</a>
<a class="tnb-nav-btn w3-bar-item w3-button barex bar-item-hover w3-padding-16 tnb-paid-service ga-top ga-top-cert-and-course" href="javascript:void(0)" onclick="TopNavBar.openNavItem('certified')" id="navbtn_certified" title="Certificates" role="button">
Certificates
<i class="fa fa-caret-down" style="font-size: 15px; display: inline;" aria-hidden="true"></i>
<i class="fa fa-caret-up" style="display: none; font-size: 15px" aria-hidden="true"></i>
</a>
<a class="tnb-nav-btn w3-bar-item w3-button barex bar-item-hover w3-padding-16 ga-top ga-top-services" href="javascript:void(0)" onclick="TopNavBar.openNavItem('services')" id="navbtn_services" title="Our Services" role="button">
Services
<i class="fa fa-caret-down" style="font-size: 15px; display: inline;" aria-hidden="true"></i>
<i class="fa fa-caret-up" style="display: none; font-size: 15px" aria-hidden="true"></i>
</a>
</nav>
<a class="tnb-menu-btn w3-bar-item w3-button bar-item-hover w3-padding-16 ga-top ga-top-menu" href="javascript:void(0)" onclick="TopNavBar.openMenu()" title="Menu" aria-label="Menu" role="button">
Menu
<i class="fa fa-caret-down" style="font-size: 15px" aria-hidden="true"></i>
<i class="fa fa-caret-up" style="display: none; font-size: 15px" aria-hidden="true"></i>
</a>
<div id="tnb-google-search-container" class="w3-bar-item">
<div id="tnb-google-search-inner-container">
<label for="tnb-google-search-input" class="tnb-soft-hide">
Search field
</label>
<input id="tnb-google-search-input" type="text" placeholder="Search..." autocomplete="off" onkeydown="TopNavBar.googleSearchAttachKeyPressHandler(event)" aria-label="Search field" oninput="TopNavBar.searchWithSuggestions(this)" onfocus="TopNavBar.searchWithSuggestions(this)" onblur="TopNavBar.searchFieldLostFocus(event)">
<div id="tnb-google-search-submit-btn" class="tnb-button-light" role="button" aria-label="Button to search" onclick="TopNavBar.googleSearchSubmit()">
<svg id="tnb-google-search-icon" viewBox="0 0 17 16" fill="none" xmlns="http://www.w3.org/2000/svg">
<path d="M11.8153 10.3439C12.6061 9.2673 13.0732 7.9382 13.0732 6.5C13.0732 2.91015 10.163 0 6.57318 0C2.98333 0 0.0731812 2.91015 0.0731812 6.5C0.0731812 10.0899 2.98333 13 6.57318 13C8.01176 13 9.3412 12.5327 10.4179 11.7415L10.4171 11.7422C10.4466 11.7822 10.4794 11.8204 10.5156 11.8566L14.3661 15.7071C14.7566 16.0976 15.3898 16.0976 15.7803 15.7071C16.1708 15.3166 16.1708 14.6834 15.7803 14.2929L11.9298 10.4424C11.8936 10.4062 11.8553 10.3734 11.8153 10.3439ZM12.0732 6.5C12.0732 9.53757 9.61075 12 6.57318 12C3.53561 12 1.07318 9.53757 1.07318 6.5C1.07318 3.46243 3.53561 1 6.57318 1C9.61075 1 12.0732 3.46243 12.0732 6.5Z" fill="black"></path>
</svg>
</div>
</div>
<div id="tnb-google-search-mobile-action-btns">
<div id="tnb-google-search-mobile-show" class="tnb-button" onclick="TopNavBar.googleSearchShowMobileContainer()" aria-label="Button to open search field" role="button">
<svg viewBox="0 0 17 16" fill="none" xmlns="http://www.w3.org/2000/svg">
<path d="M11.8153 10.3439C12.6061 9.2673 13.0732 7.9382 13.0732 6.5C13.0732 2.91015 10.163 0 6.57318 0C2.98333 0 0.0731812 2.91015 0.0731812 6.5C0.0731812 10.0899 2.98333 13 6.57318 13C8.01176 13 9.3412 12.5327 10.4179 11.7415L10.4171 11.7422C10.4466 11.7822 10.4794 11.8204 10.5156 11.8566L14.3661 15.7071C14.7566 16.0976 15.3898 16.0976 15.7803 15.7071C16.1708 15.3166 16.1708 14.6834 15.7803 14.2929L11.9298 10.4424C11.8936 10.4062 11.8553 10.3734 11.8153 10.3439ZM12.0732 6.5C12.0732 9.53757 9.61075 12 6.57318 12C3.53561 12 1.07318 9.53757 1.07318 6.5C1.07318 3.46243 3.53561 1 6.57318 1C9.61075 1 12.0732 3.46243 12.0732 6.5Z" fill="currentColor"></path>
</svg>
</div>
<div id="tnb-google-search-mobile-close" class="tnb-button" onclick="TopNavBar.googleSearchHideMobileContainer()" role="button" aria-label="Close search field">
<i>×</i>
</div>
</div>
</div>
<div id="tnb-dark-mode-toggle-wrapper" class="w3-bar-item">
<a id="tnb-dark-mode-toggle-btn" href="javascript:void(0);" class="tnb-button fa ga-nav ga-dark-mode-toggle" onclick="TopNavBar.toggleUserPreferredTheme()" role="button" title="Toggle light/dark mode" aria-label="Toggle light/dark mode">
<i></i>
</a>
</div>
<div class="tnb-right-section">
<!-- < user-anonymous -->
<a href="https://profile.w3schools.com/log-in?redirect_url=https%3A%2F%2Fwww.w3schools.com%2Fjs%2F" class="user-anonymous tnb-login-btn w3-bar-item w3-btn bar-item-hover w3-right ws-light-green ga-top ga-top-login" title="Login to your account" aria-label="Login to your account">
Log in
</a>
<a href="https://profile.w3schools.com/sign-up?redirect_url=https%3A%2F%2Fwww.w3schools.com%2Fjs%2F" class="user-anonymous tnb-signup-btn w3-bar-item w3-button w3-right ws-green ws-hover-green ga-top ga-top-signup" title="Sign Up to Improve Your Learning Experience" aria-label="Sign Up to Improve Your Learning Experience">
Sign Up
</a>
<!-- > user-anonymous -->
<!-- < user-authenticated -->
<a href="https://profile.w3schools.com/log-in?redirect_url=https%3A%2F%2Fwww.w3schools.com%2Fjs%2F" class="user-authenticated user-profile-btn w3-alt-btn w3-hide ga-top ga-top-profile" title="Your W3Schools Profile" aria-label="Your W3Schools Profile">
<svg xmlns="http://www.w3.org/2000/svg" version="1.1" viewBox="0 0 2048 2048" class="user-profile-icon" aria-label="Your W3Schools Profile Icon">
<path d="M 843.500 1148.155 C 837.450 1148.515, 823.050 1149.334, 811.500 1149.975 C 742.799 1153.788, 704.251 1162.996, 635.391 1192.044 C 517.544 1241.756, 398.992 1352.262, 337.200 1470 C 251.831 1632.658, 253.457 1816.879, 340.500 1843.982 C 351.574 1847.431, 1696.426 1847.431, 1707.500 1843.982 C 1794.543 1816.879, 1796.169 1632.658, 1710.800 1470 C 1649.008 1352.262, 1530.456 1241.756, 1412.609 1192.044 C 1344.588 1163.350, 1305.224 1153.854, 1238.500 1150.039 C 1190.330 1147.286, 1196.307 1147.328, 1097 1149.035 C 1039.984 1150.015, 1010.205 1150.008, 950 1149.003 C 851.731 1147.362, 856.213 1147.398, 843.500 1148.155" stroke="none" fill="#2a93fb" fill-rule="evenodd"></path>
<path d="M 1008 194.584 C 1006.075 194.809, 999.325 195.476, 993 196.064 C 927.768 202.134, 845.423 233.043, 786 273.762 C 691.987 338.184, 622.881 442.165, 601.082 552 C 588.496 615.414, 592.917 705.245, 611.329 760.230 C 643.220 855.469, 694.977 930.136, 763.195 979.321 C 810.333 1013.308, 839.747 1026.645, 913.697 1047.562 C 1010.275 1074.879, 1108.934 1065.290, 1221 1017.694 C 1259.787 1001.221, 1307.818 965.858, 1339.852 930.191 C 1460.375 795.998, 1488.781 609.032, 1412.581 451.500 C 1350.098 322.327, 1240.457 235.724, 1097.500 202.624 C 1072.356 196.802, 1025.206 192.566, 1008 194.584" stroke="none" fill="#0aaa8a" fill-rule="evenodd"></path>
</svg>
<svg xmlns="http://www.w3.org/2000/svg" class="user-progress" aria-label="Your W3Schools Profile Progress">
<path class="user-progress-circle1" fill="none" d="M 25.99650934151373 15.00000030461742 A 20 20 0 1 0 26 15"></path>
<path class="user-progress-circle2" fill="none" d="M 26 15 A 20 20 0 0 0 26 15"></path>
</svg>
<span class="user-progress-star">★</span>
<span class="user-progress-point">+1</span>
</a>
<a href="https://pathfinder.w3schools.com/" class="user-authenticated tnb-dashboard-btn w3-bar-item w3-button w3-hide w3-right w3-white ga-top ga-top-dashboard" title="Your W3Schools Dashboard" aria-label="Your W3Schools Dashboard">
My W3Schools
</a>
<!-- > user-authenticated -->
<!-- < user-anonymous - action-btn -->
<a target="_blank" href="https://campus.w3schools.com/collections/course-catalog" class="user-anonymous tnb-certificates-btn w3-bar-item w3-button w3-right w3-white ga-top ga-top-certificates" title="W3Schools Certificates" aria-label="W3Schools Certificates">
<svg xmlns="http://www.w3.org/2000/svg" height="1em" viewBox="0 0 576 512" aria-hidden="true">
<path d="M24 0C10.7 0 0 10.7 0 24S10.7 48 24 48H69.5c3.8 0 7.1 2.7 7.9 6.5l51.6 271c6.5 34 36.2 58.5 70.7 58.5H488c13.3 0 24-10.7 24-24s-10.7-24-24-24H199.7c-11.5 0-21.4-8.2-23.6-19.5L170.7 288H459.2c32.6 0 61.1-21.8 69.5-53.3l41-152.3C576.6 57 557.4 32 531.1 32h-411C111 12.8 91.6 0 69.5 0H24zM131.1 80H520.7L482.4 222.2c-2.8 10.5-12.3 17.8-23.2 17.8H161.6L131.1 80zM176 512a48 48 0 1 0 0-96 48 48 0 1 0 0 96zm336-48a48 48 0 1 0 -96 0 48 48 0 1 0 96 0z" fill="currentColor"></path>
</svg>
Get Certified
</a>
<a href="https://www.w3schools.com/spaces/index.php" class="user-anonymous tnb-spaces-btn w3-bar-item w3-button w3-right w3-white ga-top ga-top-spaces" title="Get Your Own Website With W3Schools Spaces" aria-label="Get Your Own Website With W3Schools Spaces">
<svg xmlns="http://www.w3.org/2000/svg" height="1em" viewBox="0 0 640 512" aria-hidden="true">
<path d="M392.8 1.2c-17-4.9-34.7 5-39.6 22l-128 448c-4.9 17 5 34.7 22 39.6s34.7-5 39.6-22l128-448c4.9-17-5-34.7-22-39.6zm80.6 120.1c-12.5 12.5-12.5 32.8 0 45.3L562.7 256l-89.4 89.4c-12.5 12.5-12.5 32.8 0 45.3s32.8 12.5 45.3 0l112-112c12.5-12.5 12.5-32.8 0-45.3l-112-112c-12.5-12.5-32.8-12.5-45.3 0zm-306.7 0c-12.5-12.5-32.8-12.5-45.3 0l-112 112c-12.5 12.5-12.5 32.8 0 45.3l112 112c12.5 12.5 32.8 12.5 45.3 0s12.5-32.8 0-45.3L77.3 256l89.4-89.4c12.5-12.5 12.5-32.8 0-45.3z" fill="currentColor"></path>
</svg>
Spaces
</a>
<a href="https://www.w3schools.com/plus/index.php" class="user-anonymous tnb-jobs-btn w3-bar-item w3-button w3-right w3-white ga-top ga-top-plus" title="Become a PLUS user and unlock powerful features" aria-label="Become a PLUS user and unlock powerful features">
<svg xmlns="http://www.w3.org/2000/svg" width="15" height="36" viewBox="0 0 12 16" fill="none" aria-hidden="true">
<path d="M6.65723 6.24707C6.76704 5.91764 7.233 5.91765 7.34281 6.24707L7.98828 8.1835C8.276 9.04666 8.95332 9.72399 9.81648 10.0117L11.7529 10.6572C12.0824 10.767 12.0824 11.233 11.7529 11.3428L9.81649 11.9883C8.95332 12.276 8.27599 12.9533 7.98828 13.8165L7.34281 15.7529C7.233 16.0823 6.76704 16.0823 6.65723 15.7529L6.01173 13.8165C5.72401 12.9533 5.04669 12.276 4.18353 11.9883L2.24707 11.3428C1.91764 11.233 1.91764 10.767 2.24707 10.6572L4.18353 10.0117C5.04669 9.72399 5.72401 9.04667 6.01173 8.18352L6.65723 6.24707Z" fill="#9763f6"></path>
<path d="M2.79434 1.14824C2.86023 0.950586 3.1398 0.950587 3.20569 1.14824L3.59297 2.3101C3.7656 2.828 4.172 3.2344 4.6899 3.40703L5.85177 3.79432C6.04942 3.86021 6.04942 4.13978 5.85177 4.20567L4.6899 4.59296C4.172 4.76559 3.7656 5.17199 3.59297 5.68989L3.20569 6.85176C3.13981 7.04941 2.86023 7.04942 2.79434 6.85176L2.40704 5.68988C2.23441 5.17198 1.82801 4.76559 1.31012 4.59296L0.148241 4.20567C-0.0494137 4.13978 -0.0494138 3.86021 0.148241 3.79432L1.31012 3.40703C1.82802 3.2344 2.23441 2.82801 2.40704 2.31011L2.79434 1.14824Z" fill="#9763f6"></path>
<path d="M9.8629 0.0988265C9.90682 -0.032943 10.0932 -0.0329419 10.1371 0.098828L10.3953 0.873401C10.5104 1.21867 10.7813 1.4896 11.1266 1.60469L11.9012 1.86288C12.0329 1.9068 12.0329 2.09319 11.9012 2.13711L11.1266 2.39531C10.7813 2.51039 10.5104 2.78133 10.3953 3.12659L10.1371 3.90117C10.0932 4.03294 9.90682 4.03294 9.8629 3.90117L9.6047 3.12659C9.48961 2.78132 9.21868 2.5104 8.87342 2.39531L8.09883 2.13711C7.96706 2.09319 7.96706 1.9068 8.09883 1.86288L8.87342 1.60469C9.21868 1.4896 9.48961 1.21867 9.6047 0.873408L9.8629 0.0988265Z" fill="#9763f6"></path>
</svg>
Plus
</a>
<!-- > user-anonymous - action-btn -->
<!-- < user-authenticated - action-btn -->
<a target="_blank" href="https://campus.w3schools.com/collections/course-catalog" class="user-authenticated tnb-certificates-btn w3-bar-item w3-button w3-hide w3-right w3-white ga-top ga-top-certificates" title="W3Schools Certificates" aria-label="W3Schools Certificates">
<svg xmlns="http://www.w3.org/2000/svg" height="1em" viewBox="0 0 576 512" aria-hidden="true">
<path d="M24 0C10.7 0 0 10.7 0 24S10.7 48 24 48H69.5c3.8 0 7.1 2.7 7.9 6.5l51.6 271c6.5 34 36.2 58.5 70.7 58.5H488c13.3 0 24-10.7 24-24s-10.7-24-24-24H199.7c-11.5 0-21.4-8.2-23.6-19.5L170.7 288H459.2c32.6 0 61.1-21.8 69.5-53.3l41-152.3C576.6 57 557.4 32 531.1 32h-411C111 12.8 91.6 0 69.5 0H24zM131.1 80H520.7L482.4 222.2c-2.8 10.5-12.3 17.8-23.2 17.8H161.6L131.1 80zM176 512a48 48 0 1 0 0-96 48 48 0 1 0 0 96zm336-48a48 48 0 1 0 -96 0 48 48 0 1 0 96 0z" fill="currentColor"></path>
</svg>
Get Certified
</a>
<a href="https://spaces.w3schools.com/space/" class="user-authenticated tnb-spaces-btn w3-bar-item w3-button w3-hide w3-right w3-white ga-top ga-top-spaces" title="Go to Your W3Schools Space" aria-label="Go to Your W3Schools Space">
<svg xmlns="http://www.w3.org/2000/svg" height="1em" viewBox="0 0 640 512" aria-hidden="true">
<path d="M392.8 1.2c-17-4.9-34.7 5-39.6 22l-128 448c-4.9 17 5 34.7 22 39.6s34.7-5 39.6-22l128-448c4.9-17-5-34.7-22-39.6zm80.6 120.1c-12.5 12.5-12.5 32.8 0 45.3L562.7 256l-89.4 89.4c-12.5 12.5-12.5 32.8 0 45.3s32.8 12.5 45.3 0l112-112c12.5-12.5 12.5-32.8 0-45.3l-112-112c-12.5-12.5-32.8-12.5-45.3 0zm-306.7 0c-12.5-12.5-32.8-12.5-45.3 0l-112 112c-12.5 12.5-12.5 32.8 0 45.3l112 112c12.5 12.5 32.8 12.5 45.3 0s12.5-32.8 0-45.3L77.3 256l89.4-89.4c12.5-12.5 12.5-32.8 0-45.3z" fill="currentColor"></path>
</svg>
Spaces
</a>
<a href="https://www.w3schools.com/plus/index.php" class="user-authenticated tnb-jobs-btn w3-bar-item w3-button w3-hide w3-right w3-white ga-top ga-top-goals" title="Get personalized learning journey based on your current skills and goals" aria-label="Get personalized learning journey based on your current skills and goals">
<svg xmlns="http://www.w3.org/2000/svg" width="15" height="36" viewBox="0 0 12 16" fill="none" aria-hidden="true">
<path d="M6.65723 6.24707C6.76704 5.91764 7.233 5.91765 7.34281 6.24707L7.98828 8.1835C8.276 9.04666 8.95332 9.72399 9.81648 10.0117L11.7529 10.6572C12.0824 10.767 12.0824 11.233 11.7529 11.3428L9.81649 11.9883C8.95332 12.276 8.27599 12.9533 7.98828 13.8165L7.34281 15.7529C7.233 16.0823 6.76704 16.0823 6.65723 15.7529L6.01173 13.8165C5.72401 12.9533 5.04669 12.276 4.18353 11.9883L2.24707 11.3428C1.91764 11.233 1.91764 10.767 2.24707 10.6572L4.18353 10.0117C5.04669 9.72399 5.72401 9.04667 6.01173 8.18352L6.65723 6.24707Z" fill="#9763f6"></path>
<path d="M2.79434 1.14824C2.86023 0.950586 3.1398 0.950587 3.20569 1.14824L3.59297 2.3101C3.7656 2.828 4.172 3.2344 4.6899 3.40703L5.85177 3.79432C6.04942 3.86021 6.04942 4.13978 5.85177 4.20567L4.6899 4.59296C4.172 4.76559 3.7656 5.17199 3.59297 5.68989L3.20569 6.85176C3.13981 7.04941 2.86023 7.04942 2.79434 6.85176L2.40704 5.68988C2.23441 5.17198 1.82801 4.76559 1.31012 4.59296L0.148241 4.20567C-0.0494137 4.13978 -0.0494138 3.86021 0.148241 3.79432L1.31012 3.40703C1.82802 3.2344 2.23441 2.82801 2.40704 2.31011L2.79434 1.14824Z" fill="#9763f6"></path>
<path d="M9.8629 0.0988265C9.90682 -0.032943 10.0932 -0.0329419 10.1371 0.098828L10.3953 0.873401C10.5104 1.21867 10.7813 1.4896 11.1266 1.60469L11.9012 1.86288C12.0329 1.9068 12.0329 2.09319 11.9012 2.13711L11.1266 2.39531C10.7813 2.51039 10.5104 2.78133 10.3953 3.12659L10.1371 3.90117C10.0932 4.03294 9.90682 4.03294 9.8629 3.90117L9.6047 3.12659C9.48961 2.78132 9.21868 2.5104 8.87342 2.39531L8.09883 2.13711C7.96706 2.09319 7.96706 1.9068 8.09883 1.86288L8.87342 1.60469C9.21868 1.4896 9.48961 1.21867 9.6047 0.873408L9.8629 0.0988265Z" fill="#9763f6"></path>
</svg>
Plus
</a>
<!-- > user-authenticated - action-btn -->
</div>
</div>
<nav id="tnb-mobile-nav" class="tnb-mobile-nav w3-hide">
<div class="w3-container">
<a href="https://pathfinder.w3schools.com/" class="user-authenticated w3-button w3-hide ga-top ga-top-dashboard" title="My W3Schools" aria-label="My W3Schools">
<span class="tnb-title">My W3Schools</span>
</a>
<div class="tnb-mobile-nav-section" data-section="tutorials">
<div class="tnb-mobile-nav-section-toggle-btn w3-button ga-top ga-top-menu-tut-and-ref" onclick="TopNavBar.toggleMobileNav(event, 'tutorials');" aria-label="Tutorials" role="button">
<span class="tnb-title">Tutorials</span>
<i class="tnb-icon fa fa-caret-down" aria-hidden="true"></i>
</div>
<div id="sectionxs_tutorials" class="tnb-mobile-nav-section-body">
</div>
</div>
<div class="tnb-mobile-nav-section" data-section="exercises">
<div class="tnb-mobile-nav-section-toggle-btn w3-button ga-top ga-top-menu-exc-and-quz" onclick="TopNavBar.toggleMobileNav(event, 'exercises')" aria-label="Exercises" role="button">
<span class="tnb-title">Exercises</span>
<i class="tnb-icon fa fa-caret-down" aria-hidden="true"></i>
</div>
<div id="sectionxs_exercises" class="tnb-mobile-nav-section-body">
</div>
</div>
<div class="tnb-mobile-nav-section" data-section="certified">
<div class="tnb-mobile-nav-section-toggle-btn tnb-paid-service w3-button ga-top ga-top-menu-cert-and-course" onclick="TopNavBar.toggleMobileNav(event, 'certified')" aria-label="Certificates" role="button">
<span class="tnb-title">Certificates</span>
<i class="tnb-icon fa fa-caret-down" aria-hidden="true"></i>
</div>
<div id="sectionxs_certified" class="tnb-mobile-nav-section-body">
</div>
</div>
<div class="tnb-mobile-nav-section" data-section="services">
<div class="tnb-mobile-nav-section-toggle-btn w3-button ga-top ga-top-menu-services" onclick="TopNavBar.toggleMobileNav(event, 'services')" aria-label="Services" role="button">
<span class="tnb-title">Services</span>
<i class="tnb-icon fa fa-caret-down" aria-hidden="true"></i>
</div>
<div id="sectionxs_services" class="tnb-mobile-nav-section-body">
</div>
</div>
<a href="https://www.w3schools.com/spaces/index.php" class="w3-button ga-top ga-top-menu-spaces" title="Get Your Own Website With W3Schools Spaces" aria-label="Get Your Own Website With W3Schools Spaces">
<span class="tnb-title">Spaces</span>
<svg class="tnb-icon" xmlns="http://www.w3.org/2000/svg" viewBox="0 0 640 512" aria-hidden="true">
<path d="M392.8 1.2c-17-4.9-34.7 5-39.6 22l-128 448c-4.9 17 5 34.7 22 39.6s34.7-5 39.6-22l128-448c4.9-17-5-34.7-22-39.6zm80.6 120.1c-12.5 12.5-12.5 32.8 0 45.3L562.7 256l-89.4 89.4c-12.5 12.5-12.5 32.8 0 45.3s32.8 12.5 45.3 0l112-112c12.5-12.5 12.5-32.8 0-45.3l-112-112c-12.5-12.5-32.8-12.5-45.3 0zm-306.7 0c-12.5-12.5-32.8-12.5-45.3 0l-112 112c-12.5 12.5-12.5 32.8 0 45.3l112 112c12.5 12.5 32.8 12.5 45.3 0s12.5-32.8 0-45.3L77.3 256l89.4-89.4c12.5-12.5 12.5-32.8 0-45.3z" fill="currentColor"></path>
</svg>
</a>
<a target="_blank" href="https://campus.w3schools.com/collections/course-catalog" class="w3-button ga-top ga-top-menu-certificates" title="W3Schools Certificates" aria-label="W3Schools Certificates">
<span class="tnb-title">Get Certified</span>
<svg class="tnb-icon" xmlns="http://www.w3.org/2000/svg" viewBox="0 0 576 512" aria-hidden="true">
<path d="M24 0C10.7 0 0 10.7 0 24S10.7 48 24 48H69.5c3.8 0 7.1 2.7 7.9 6.5l51.6 271c6.5 34 36.2 58.5 70.7 58.5H488c13.3 0 24-10.7 24-24s-10.7-24-24-24H199.7c-11.5 0-21.4-8.2-23.6-19.5L170.7 288H459.2c32.6 0 61.1-21.8 69.5-53.3l41-152.3C576.6 57 557.4 32 531.1 32h-411C111 12.8 91.6 0 69.5 0H24zM131.1 80H520.7L482.4 222.2c-2.8 10.5-12.3 17.8-23.2 17.8H161.6L131.1 80zM176 512a48 48 0 1 0 0-96 48 48 0 1 0 0 96zm336-48a48 48 0 1 0 -96 0 48 48 0 1 0 96 0z" fill="currentColor"></path>
</svg>
</a>
<a href="https://www.w3schools.com/plus/index.php" class="w3-button ga-top ga-top-menu-plus" title="Become a PLUS user and unlock powerful features" aria-label="Become a PLUS user and unlock powerful features">
<span class="tnb-title">Plus</span>
<svg class="tnb-icon" xmlns="http://www.w3.org/2000/svg" width="15" height="36" viewBox="0 0 12 16" fill="none" aria-hidden="true">
<path d="M6.65723 6.24707C6.76704 5.91764 7.233 5.91765 7.34281 6.24707L7.98828 8.1835C8.276 9.04666 8.95332 9.72399 9.81648 10.0117L11.7529 10.6572C12.0824 10.767 12.0824 11.233 11.7529 11.3428L9.81649 11.9883C8.95332 12.276 8.27599 12.9533 7.98828 13.8165L7.34281 15.7529C7.233 16.0823 6.76704 16.0823 6.65723 15.7529L6.01173 13.8165C5.72401 12.9533 5.04669 12.276 4.18353 11.9883L2.24707 11.3428C1.91764 11.233 1.91764 10.767 2.24707 10.6572L4.18353 10.0117C5.04669 9.72399 5.72401 9.04667 6.01173 8.18352L6.65723 6.24707Z" fill="currentColor"></path>
<path d="M2.79434 1.14824C2.86023 0.950586 3.1398 0.950587 3.20569 1.14824L3.59297 2.3101C3.7656 2.828 4.172 3.2344 4.6899 3.40703L5.85177 3.79432C6.04942 3.86021 6.04942 4.13978 5.85177 4.20567L4.6899 4.59296C4.172 4.76559 3.7656 5.17199 3.59297 5.68989L3.20569 6.85176C3.13981 7.04941 2.86023 7.04942 2.79434 6.85176L2.40704 5.68988C2.23441 5.17198 1.82801 4.76559 1.31012 4.59296L0.148241 4.20567C-0.0494137 4.13978 -0.0494138 3.86021 0.148241 3.79432L1.31012 3.40703C1.82802 3.2344 2.23441 2.82801 2.40704 2.31011L2.79434 1.14824Z" fill="currentColor"></path>
<path d="M9.8629 0.0988265C9.90682 -0.032943 10.0932 -0.0329419 10.1371 0.098828L10.3953 0.873401C10.5104 1.21867 10.7813 1.4896 11.1266 1.60469L11.9012 1.86288C12.0329 1.9068 12.0329 2.09319 11.9012 2.13711L11.1266 2.39531C10.7813 2.51039 10.5104 2.78133 10.3953 3.12659L10.1371 3.90117C10.0932 4.03294 9.90682 4.03294 9.8629 3.90117L9.6047 3.12659C9.48961 2.78132 9.21868 2.5104 8.87342 2.39531L8.09883 2.13711C7.96706 2.09319 7.96706 1.9068 8.09883 1.86288L8.87342 1.60469C9.21868 1.4896 9.48961 1.21867 9.6047 0.873408L9.8629 0.0988265Z" fill="currentColor"></path>
</svg>
</a>
<a class="user-authenticated w3-hide w3-button ga-top ga-top-logout" href="https://profile.w3schools.com/logout" title="Logout" aria-label="Logout">
<span class="tnb-title">Logout</span>
</a>
<div class="tnb-social-network-btns">
<a target="_blank" href="https://www.youtube.com/@w3schools" title="W3Schools on YouTube" class="w3-button w3-round ga-fp">
<i class="tnb-icon fa fa-youtube" aria-hidden="true"></i>
</a>
<a target="_blank" href="https://www.linkedin.com/company/w3schools.com/" title="W3Schools on LinkedIn" class="w3-button w3-round ga-fp">
<i class="tnb-icon fa" aria-hidden="true">
</i>
</a>
<a target="_blank" href="https://discord.gg/6Z7UaRbUQM" title="Join the W3schools community on Discord" class="w3-button w3-round ga-fp">
<i class="tnb-icon fa -discord" aria-hidden="true">
</i>
</a>
<a target="_blank" href="https://www.facebook.com/w3schoolscom/" title="W3Schools on Facebook" class="w3-button w3-round ga-fp">
<i class="tnb-icon fa" aria-hidden="true">
</i>
</a>
<a target="_blank" href="https://www.instagram.com/w3schools.com_official/" title="W3Schools on Instagram" class="w3-button w3-round ga-fp">
<i class="tnb-icon fa" aria-hidden="true">
</i>
</a>
</div>
</div>
<div class="w3-button tnb-close-menu-btn w3-round ga-top ga-top-close-accordion" tabindex="0" onclick="TopNavBar.closeMenu()" role="button" aria-label="Close menu">
<span>×</span>
</div>
</nav>
<div id="dropdown-nav-outer-wrapper">
<div id="dropdown-nav-inner-wrapper">
<nav id="nav_tutorials" class="dropdown-nav w3-hide-small navex" tabindex="-1" aria-label="Menu for tutorials" style="display: none;">
<div class="w3-content menu-content">
<div id="tutorials_list" class="w3-row-padding w3-bar-block">
<div class="nav-heading-container w3-container">
<div class="nav-heading-container-title">
<h2 style="color: #fff4a3"><b>Tutorials</b></h2>
</div>
<div data-section="tutorials" class="filter-input-wrapper">
<div class="filter-input-inner-wrapper">
<label for="filter-tutorials-input" class="tnb-soft-hide">
Tutorials filter input
</label>
<input id="filter-tutorials-input" oninput="TopNavBar.filter(event, 'nav_tutorials')" type="text" class="filter-input" placeholder="Filter..." aria-label="Tutorials filter input">
<div class="filter-clear-btn tnb-button-dark-v2" role="button" aria-label="Filter clear button" onclick="TopNavBar.clearFilter(event, 'nav_tutorials')">
<span>×</span>
</div>
</div>
</div>
</div>
<div class="w3-col l4 m6">
<div id="tutorials_html_css_links_list">
<h3 class="tnb-nav-section-title" data-heading="html_and_css_title">
HTML and CSS
</h3>
<div data-name="html" data-category="html_and_css" data-original-index="0" class="d-block">
<a class="w3-bar-item w3-button acctop-link ga-top-drop ga-top-drop-tut-html" href="https://www.w3schools.com/html/default.asp" title="HTML Tutorial">
<span class="learn-span">Learn</span>
HTML
</a>
<a class="ws-btn acclink-text ga-top-drop ga-top-drop-tut-html" href="https://www.w3schools.com/html/default.asp" title="HTML Tutorial">
Tutorial
</a>
<a class="ws-btn acclink-text ga-top-drop ga-top-drop-ref-html" href="https://www.w3schools.com/tags/default.asp" title="HTML Reference">
Reference
</a>
</div>
<div data-name="css" data-category="html_and_css" data-original-index="1" class="d-block">
<a class="w3-bar-item w3-button acctop-link ga-top-drop ga-top-drop-tut-css" href="https://www.w3schools.com/css/default.asp" title="CSS Tutorial">
<span class="learn-span">Learn</span>
CSS
</a>
<a class="ws-btn acclink-text ga-top-drop ga-top-drop-tut-css" href="https://www.w3schools.com/css/default.asp" title="CSS Tutorial">
Tutorial
</a>
<a class="ws-btn acclink-text ga-top-drop ga-top-drop-ref-css" href="https://www.w3schools.com/cssref/default.asp" title="CSS Reference">
Reference
</a>
</div>
<div data-name="rwd" data-category="html_and_css" data-original-index="2" class="d-block">
<a class="w3-bar-item w3-button acctop-link ga-top-drop ga-top-drop-tut-rwd" href="https://www.w3schools.com/css/css_rwd_intro.asp" title="Responsive Web Design Tutorial">
<span class="learn-span">Learn</span>
RWD
</a>
<a class="ws-btn acclink-text ga-top-drop ga-top-drop-tut-rwd" href="https://www.w3schools.com/css/css_rwd_intro.asp" title="Responsive Web Design Tutorial">
Tutorial
</a>
</div>
<div data-name="bootstrap" data-category="html_and_css" data-original-index="3" class="d-block">
<a class="w3-bar-item w3-button acctop-link ga-top-drop ga-top-drop-tut-bs" href="https://www.w3schools.com/bootstrap/bootstrap_ver.asp" title="Bootstrap Tutorials">
<span class="learn-span">Learn</span>
Bootstrap
</a>
<a class="ws-btn acclink-text ga-top-drop ga-top-drop-tut-bs" href="https://www.w3schools.com/bootstrap/bootstrap_ver.asp" title="Bootstrap Tutorials">
Overview
</a>
</div>
<div data-name="w3.css" data-category="html_and_css" data-original-index="4" class="d-block">
<a class="w3-bar-item w3-button acctop-link ga-top-drop ga-top-drop-tut-w3css" href="https://www.w3schools.com/w3css/default.asp" title="W3.CSS Tutorial">
<span class="learn-span">Learn</span>
W3.CSS
</a>
<a class="ws-btn acclink-text ga-top-drop ga-top-drop-tut-w3css" href="https://www.w3schools.com/w3css/default.asp" title="W3.CSS Tutorial">
Tutorial
</a>
<a class="ws-btn acclink-text ga-top-drop ga-top-drop-ref-w3css" href="https://www.w3schools.com/w3css/w3css_references.asp" title="W3.CSS Reference">
Reference
</a>
</div>
<div data-name="sass" data-category="html_and_css" data-original-index="5" class="d-block">
<a class="w3-bar-item w3-button acctop-link ga-top-drop ga-top-drop-tut-sass" href="https://www.w3schools.com/sass/default.php" title="SASS Tutorial">
<span class="learn-span">Learn</span>
Sass
</a>
<a class="ws-btn acclink-text ga-top-drop ga-top-drop-tut-sass" href="https://www.w3schools.com/sass/default.php" title="SASS Tutorial">
Tutorial
</a>
<a class="ws-btn acclink-text ga-top-drop ga-top-drop-ref-sass" href="https://www.w3schools.com/sass/sass_functions_string.php" title="SASS Reference">
Reference
</a>
</div>
<div data-name="colors" data-category="html_and_css" data-original-index="6" class="d-block">
<a class="w3-bar-item w3-button acctop-link ga-top-drop ga-top-drop-tut-colors" href="https://www.w3schools.com/colors/default.asp" title="Colors Tutorial">
<span class="learn-span">Learn</span>
Colors
</a>
<a class="ws-btn acclink-text ga-top-drop ga-top-drop-tut-colors" href="https://www.w3schools.com/colors/default.asp" title="Colors Tutorial">
Tutorial
</a>
<a class="ws-btn acclink-text ga-top-drop ga-top-drop-ref-colors" href="https://www.w3schools.com/colors/colors_fs595.asp" title="Colors Reference">
Reference
</a>
</div>
<div data-name="icons" data-category="html_and_css" data-original-index="7" class="d-block">
<a class="w3-bar-item w3-button acctop-link ga-top-drop ga-top-drop-tut-icons" href="https://www.w3schools.com/icons/default.asp" title="Icons Tutorial">
<span class="learn-span">Learn</span>
Icons
</a>
<a class="ws-btn acclink-text ga-top-drop ga-top-drop-tut-icons" href="https://www.w3schools.com/icons/default.asp" title="Icons Tutorial">
Tutorial
</a>
<a class="ws-btn acclink-text ga-top-drop ga-top-drop-ref-icons" href="https://www.w3schools.com/icons/icons_reference.asp" title="Icons Reference">
Reference
</a>
</div>
<div data-name="svg" data-category="html_and_css" data-original-index="8" class="d-block">
<a class="w3-bar-item w3-button acctop-link ga-top-drop ga-top-drop-tut-svg" href="https://www.w3schools.com/graphics/svg_intro.asp" title="SVG Tutorial">
<span class="learn-span">Learn</span>
SVG
</a>
<a class="ws-btn acclink-text ga-top-drop ga-top-drop-tut-svg" href="https://www.w3schools.com/graphics/svg_intro.asp" title="SVG Tutorial">
Tutorial
</a>
<a class="ws-btn acclink-text ga-top-drop ga-top-drop-ref-svg" href="https://www.w3schools.com/graphics/svg_reference.asp" title="SVG Reference">
Reference
</a>
</div>
<div data-name="canvas" data-category="html_and_css" data-original-index="9" class="d-block">
<a class="w3-bar-item w3-button acctop-link ga-top-drop ga-top-drop-tut-canvas" href="https://www.w3schools.com/graphics/canvas_intro.asp" title="Canvas Tutorial">
<span class="learn-span">Learn</span>
Canvas
</a>
<a class="ws-btn acclink-text ga-top-drop ga-top-drop-tut-canvas" href="https://www.w3schools.com/graphics/canvas_intro.asp" title="Canvas Tutorial">
Tutorial
</a>
<a class="ws-btn acclink-text ga-top-drop ga-top-drop-ref-canvas" href="https://www.w3schools.com/graphics/canvas_reference.asp" title="Canvas Reference">
Reference
</a>
</div>
<div data-name="graphics" data-category="html_and_css" data-original-index="10" class="d-block">
<a class="w3-bar-item w3-button acctop-link ga-top-drop ga-top-drop-tut-graphics" href="https://www.w3schools.com/graphics/default.asp" title="Graphics Tutorial">
<span class="learn-span">Learn</span>
Graphics
</a>
<a class="ws-btn acclink-text ga-top-drop ga-top-drop-tut-graphics" href="https://www.w3schools.com/graphics/default.asp" title="Graphics Tutorial">
Tutorial
</a>
</div>
<div data-name="charsets" data-category="html_and_css" data-original-index="11" class="d-block">
<a class="w3-bar-item w3-button acctop-link ga-top-drop ga-top-drop-tut-charsets" href="https://www.w3schools.com/charsets/default.asp" title="Character Sets Reference">
<span class="learn-span">Learn</span>
Character Sets
</a>
<a class="ws-btn acclink-text ga-top-drop ga-top-drop-ref-canvas" href="https://www.w3schools.com/charsets/default.asp" title="Character Sets Reference">
Reference
</a>
</div>
<div data-name="how to" data-category="html_and_css" data-original-index="12" class="d-block">
<a class="w3-bar-item w3-button acctop-link ga-top-drop ga-top-drop-tut-howto" href="https://www.w3schools.com/howto/default.asp" title="How To - Code Snippets">
<span class="learn-span">Learn</span>
How To
</a>
<a class="ws-btn acclink-text ga-top-drop ga-top-drop-tut-howto" href="https://www.w3schools.com/howto/default.asp" title="How To - Code Snippets">
Tutorial
</a>
</div>
</div>
<div id="tutorials_data_analytics_links_list_desktop" class="w3-hide-small">
<h3 class="tnb-nav-section-title" data-heading="data_analytics_title">
Data Analytics
</h3>
<div data-name="ai" data-category="data_analytics" data-original-index="0" class="d-block">
<a class="w3-bar-item w3-button acctop-link ga-top-drop ga-top-drop-tut-ai" href="https://www.w3schools.com/ai/default.asp" title="Artificial Intelligence Tutorial">
<span class="learn-span">Learn</span>
AI
</a>
<a class="ws-btn acclink-text ga-top-drop ga-top-drop-tut-ai" href="https://www.w3schools.com/ai/default.asp" title="Artificial Intelligence Tutorial">
Tutorial
</a>
</div>
<div data-name="generative ai" data-category="data_analytics" data-original-index="1" class="d-block">
<a class="w3-bar-item w3-button acctop-link ga-top-drop ga-top-drop-tut-genai" href="https://www.w3schools.com/gen_ai/index.php" title="Generative AI Tutorial">
<span class="learn-span">Learn</span>
Generative AI
</a>
<a class="ws-btn acclink-text ga-top-drop ga-top-drop-tut-genai" href="https://www.w3schools.com/gen_ai/index.php" title="Generative AI Tutorial">
Tutorial
</a>
</div>
<div data-name="chatgpt-3.5" data-category="data_analytics" data-original-index="2" class="d-block">
<a href="https://www.w3schools.com/gen_ai/chatgpt-3-5/index.php" class="w3-bar-item w3-button acctop-link ga-top-drop ga-top-drop-tut-chatgpt35" title="ChatGPT-3.5 Tutorial">
<span class="learn-span">Learn</span>
ChatGPT-3.5
</a>
<a href="https://www.w3schools.com/gen_ai/chatgpt-3-5/index.php" class="ws-btn acclink-text ga-top-drop ga-top-drop-tut-chatgpt35" title="ChatGPT-3.5 Tutorial">
Tutorial
</a>
</div>
<div data-name="chatgpt-4" data-category="data_analytics" data-original-index="3" class="d-block">
<a href="https://www.w3schools.com/gen_ai/chatgpt-4/index.php" class="w3-bar-item w3-button acctop-link ga-top-drop ga-top-drop-tut-chatgpt4" title="ChatGPT-4 Tutorial">
<span class="learn-span">Learn</span>
ChatGPT-4
</a>
<a href="https://www.w3schools.com/gen_ai/chatgpt-4/index.php" class="ws-btn acclink-text ga-top-drop ga-top-drop-tut-chatgpt35" title="ChatGPT-4 Tutorial">
Tutorial
</a>
</div>
<div data-name="google bard" data-category="data_analytics" data-original-index="4" class="d-block">
<a href="https://www.w3schools.com/gen_ai/bard/index.php" class="w3-bar-item w3-button acctop-link ga-top-drop ga-top-drop-tut-bard" title="Google Bard Tutorial">
<span class="learn-span">Learn</span>
Google Bard
</a>
<a href="https://www.w3schools.com/gen_ai/bard/index.php" class="ws-btn acclink-text ga-top-drop ga-top-drop-tut-bard" title="Google Bard Tutorial">
Tutorial
</a>
</div>
<div data-name="machine learning" data-category="data_analytics" data-original-index="5" class="d-block">
<a class="w3-bar-item w3-button acctop-link ga-top-drop ga-top-drop-tut-ml" href="https://www.w3schools.com/python/python_ml_getting_started.asp" title="Machine Learning Tutorial">
<span class="learn-span">Learn</span>
Machine Learning
</a>
<a class="ws-btn acclink-text ga-top-drop ga-top-drop-tut-ml" href="https://www.w3schools.com/python/python_ml_getting_started.asp" title="Machine Learning Tutorial">
Tutorial
</a>
</div>
<div data-name="dsa" data-category="data_analytics" data-original-index="6" class="d-block">
<a href="https://www.w3schools.com/dsa/index.php" class="w3-bar-item w3-button acctop-link ga-top-drop ga-top-drop-tut-dsa" title="DSA - Data Structures and Algorithms">
<span class="learn-span">Learn</span>
DSA
</a>
<a href="https://www.w3schools.com/dsa/index.php" class="ws-btn acclink-text ga-top-drop ga-top-drop-tut-dsa" title="DSA - Data Structures and Algorithms">
Tutorial
</a>
</div>
<div data-name="data science" data-category="data_analytics" data-original-index="7" class="d-block">
<a class="w3-bar-item w3-button acctop-link ga-top-drop ga-top-drop-tut-ds" href="https://www.w3schools.com/datascience/default.asp" title="Data Science Tutorial">
<span class="learn-span">Learn</span>
Data Science
</a>
<a class="ws-btn acclink-text ga-top-drop ga-top-drop-tut-ds" href="https://www.w3schools.com/datascience/default.asp" title="Data Science Tutorial">
Tutorial
</a>
</div>
<div data-name="numpy" data-category="data_analytics" data-original-index="8" class="d-block">
<a class="w3-bar-item w3-button acctop-link ga-top-drop ga-top-drop-tut-numpy" href="https://www.w3schools.com/python/numpy/default.asp" title="NumPy Tutorial">
<span class="learn-span">Learn</span>
NumPy
</a>
<a class="ws-btn acclink-text ga-top-drop ga-top-drop-tut-numpy" href="https://www.w3schools.com/python/numpy/default.asp" title="NumPy Tutorial">
Tutorial
</a>
</div>
<div data-name="pandas" data-category="data_analytics" data-original-index="9" class="d-block">
<a class="w3-bar-item w3-button acctop-link ga-top-drop ga-top-drop-tut-pandas" href="https://www.w3schools.com/python/pandas/default.asp" title="Pandas Tutorial">
<span class="learn-span">Learn</span>
Pandas
</a>
<a class="ws-btn acclink-text ga-top-drop ga-top-drop-tut-pandas" href="https://www.w3schools.com/python/pandas/default.asp" title="Pandas Tutorial">
Tutorial
</a>
</div>
<div data-name="scipy" data-category="data_analytics" data-original-index="10" class="d-block">
<a class="w3-bar-item w3-button acctop-link ga-top-drop ga-top-drop-tut-scipy" href="https://www.w3schools.com/python/scipy/index.php" title="SciPy Tutorial">
<span class="learn-span">Learn</span>
SciPy
</a>
<a class="ws-btn acclink-text ga-top-drop ga-top-drop-tut-scipy" href="https://www.w3schools.com/python/scipy/index.php" title="SciPy Tutorial">
Tutorial
</a>
</div>
<div data-name="matplotlib" data-category="data_analytics" data-original-index="11" class="d-block">
<a class="w3-bar-item w3-button acctop-link ga-top-drop ga-top-drop-tut-matplotlib" href="https://www.w3schools.com/python/matplotlib_intro.asp" title="Matplotlib Tutorial">
<span class="learn-span">Learn</span>
Matplotlib
</a>
<a class="ws-btn acclink-text ga-top-drop ga-top-drop-tut-matplotlib" href="https://www.w3schools.com/python/matplotlib_intro.asp" title="Matplotlib Tutorial">
Tutorial
</a>
</div>
<div data-name="statistics" data-category="data_analytics" data-original-index="12" class="d-block">
<a class="w3-bar-item w3-button acctop-link ga-top-drop ga-top-drop-tut-stat" href="https://www.w3schools.com/statistics/index.php" title="Statistics Tutorial">
<span class="learn-span">Learn</span>
Statistics
</a>
<a class="ws-btn acclink-text ga-top-drop ga-top-drop-tut-stat" href="https://www.w3schools.com/statistics/index.php" title="Statistics Tutorial">
Tutorial
</a>
</div>
<div data-name="excel" data-category="data_analytics" data-original-index="13" class="d-block">
<a class="w3-bar-item w3-button acctop-link ga-top-drop ga-top-drop-tut-excel" href="https://www.w3schools.com/excel/index.php" title="Excel Tutorial">
<span class="learn-span">Learn</span>
Excel
</a>
<a class="ws-btn acclink-text ga-top-drop ga-top-drop-tut-excel" href="https://www.w3schools.com/excel/index.php" title="Excel Tutorial">
Tutorial
</a>
</div>
<div data-name="google sheet" data-category="data_analytics" data-original-index="14" class="d-block">
<a class="w3-bar-item w3-button acctop-link ga-top-drop ga-top-drop-tut-sheets" href="https://www.w3schools.com/googlesheets/index.php" title="Google Sheets Tutorial">
<span class="learn-span">Learn</span>
Google Sheets
</a>
<a class="ws-btn acclink-text ga-top-drop ga-top-drop-tut-sheets" href="https://www.w3schools.com/googlesheets/index.php" title="Google Sheets Tutorial">
Tutorial
</a>
</div>
</div>
<div id="tutorials_web_building_links_list_tablet" class="w3-hide-large w3-hide-small">
<h3 class="tnb-nav-section-title" data-heading="web_building_title">
Web Building
</h3>
<div data-name="create a website" data-category="web_building" class="d-block">
<a class="w3-bar-item w3-button ga-top-drop ga-top-drop-tut-spaces fixpaddingsmallmenu" href="https://www.w3schools.com/spaces/index.php" title="Get Your Own Website With W3shools Spaces">
Create a Website
<span class="ribbon-topnav" style="background-color: #d9212c; color: white">
HOT!
</span>
</a>
</div>
<div data-name="create a server" data-category="web_building" class="d-block">
<a class="w3-bar-item w3-button ga-top-drop ga-top-drop-tut-server fixpaddingsmallmenu" href="https://www.w3schools.com/spaces/index.php" title="Get Your Own Server With W3shools Spaces">
Create a Server
<span class="ribbon-topnav ws-green">NEW</span>
</a>
</div>
<div data-name="where to start" data-category="web_building" class="d-block">
<a class="w3-bar-item w3-button ga-top-drop ga-top-drop-tut-wheretostart fixpaddingsmallmenu" href="https://www.w3schools.com/where_to_start.asp" title="Where To Start - Web Development">
Where To Start
</a>
</div>
<div data-name="web templates" data-category="web_building" class="d-block">
<a class="w3-bar-item w3-button ga-top-drop ga-top-drop-tut-templates fixpaddingsmallmenu" href="https://www.w3schools.com/w3css/w3css_templates.asp" title="Free Web Templates">
Web Templates
</a>
</div>
<div data-name="web statistics" data-category="web_building" class="d-block">
<a class="w3-bar-item w3-button ga-top-drop ga-top-drop-tut-webstats fixpaddingsmallmenu" href="https://www.w3schools.com/browsers/default.asp" title="Web Statistics">
Web Statistics
</a>
</div>
<div data-name="web certificates" data-category="web_building" class="d-block">
<a target="_blank" href="https://campus.w3schools.com/" class="w3-bar-item w3-button ga-top-drop ga-top-drop-tut-certificates fixpaddingsmallmenu" title="Certificates">
Web Certificates
</a>
</div>
<div data-name="web development" data-category="web_building" class="d-block">
<a class="w3-bar-item w3-button ga-top-drop ga-top-drop-tut-web-development fixpaddingsmallmenu" href="https://www.w3schools.com/whatis/default.asp" title="Web Development Roadmaps">
Web Development
</a>
</div>
<div data-name="code editor" data-category="web_building" class="d-block">
<a class="w3-bar-item w3-button ga-top-drop ga-top-drop-tut-code-editor fixpaddingsmallmenu" href="https://www.w3schools.com/tryit/default.asp" title="Try it - Code Editor">
Code Editor
</a>
</div>
<div data-name="test your typing speed" data-category="web_building" class="d-block">
<a class="w3-bar-item w3-button ga-top-drop ga-top-drop-tut-typingspeed fixpaddingsmallmenu" href="https://www.w3schools.com/typingspeed/default.asp" title="Test Your Typing Speed">
Test Your Typing Speed
</a>
</div>
<div data-name="play a code game" data-category="web_building" class="d-block">
<a class="w3-bar-item w3-button ga-top-drop ga-top-drop-tut-codegame fixpaddingsmallmenu" href="https://www.w3schools.com/codegame/index.html" title="Play a Code Game">
Play a Code Game
</a>
</div>
<div data-name="cyber security" data-category="web_building" class="d-block">
<a class="w3-bar-item w3-button ga-top-drop ga-top-drop-tut-cybersec fixpaddingsmallmenu" href="https://www.w3schools.com/cybersecurity/index.php" title="Cyber Security Tutorial">
Cyber Security
</a>
</div>
<div data-name="accessibility" data-category="web_building" class="d-block">
<a class="w3-bar-item w3-button ga-top-drop ga-top-drop-tut-accessi fixpaddingsmallmenu" href="https://www.w3schools.com/accessibility/index.php" title="Accessibility Security Tutorial">
Accessibility
</a>
</div>
<div data-name="join our newsletter" data-category="web_building" class="d-block">
<a target="_blank" href="https://campus.w3schools.com/pages/newsletter" class="w3-bar-item w3-button ga-top-drop ga-top-drop-tut-newsletter fixpaddingsmallmenu" title="W3Schools Newsletter">
Join our Newsletter
</a>
</div>
</div>
</div>
<div class="w3-col l4 m6">
<div id="tutorials_javascript_links_list">
<h3 class="tnb-nav-section-title" data-heading="javascript_title">
JavaScript
</h3>
<div data-name="javascript" data-category="javascript" data-original-index="0" class="d-block">
<a class="w3-bar-item w3-button acctop-link ga-top-drop ga-top-drop-tut-js" href="https://www.w3schools.com/js/default.asp" title="JavaScript Tutorial">
<span class="learn-span">Learn</span>
JavaScript
</a>
<a class="ws-btn acclink-text ga-top-drop ga-top-drop-tut-js" href="https://www.w3schools.com/js/default.asp" title="JavaScript Tutorial">
Tutorial
</a>
<a class="ws-btn acclink-text ga-top-drop ga-top-drop-ref-js" href="https://www.w3schools.com/jsref/default.asp" title="JavaScript Reference">
Reference
</a>
</div>
<div data-name="react" data-category="javascript" data-original-index="1" class="d-block">
<a class="w3-bar-item w3-button acctop-link ga-top-drop ga-top-drop-tut-react" href="https://www.w3schools.com/react/default.asp" title="React Tutorial">
<span class="learn-span">Learn</span>
React
</a>
<a class="ws-btn acclink-text ga-top-drop ga-top-drop-tut-react" href="https://www.w3schools.com/react/default.asp" title="React Tutorial">
Tutorial
</a>
</div>
<div data-name="jquery" data-category="javascript" data-original-index="2" class="d-block">
<a class="w3-bar-item w3-button acctop-link ga-top-drop ga-top-drop-tut-jquery" href="https://www.w3schools.com/jquery/default.asp" title="jQuery Tutorial">
<span class="learn-span">Learn</span>
jQuery
</a>
<a class="ws-btn acclink-text ga-top-drop ga-top-drop-tut-jquery" href="https://www.w3schools.com/jquery/default.asp" title="jQuery Tutorial">
Tutorial
</a>
<a class="ws-btn acclink-text ga-top-drop ga-top-drop-ref-jquery" href="https://www.w3schools.com/jquery/jquery_ref_overview.asp" title="jQuery Reference">
Reference
</a>
</div>
<div data-name="vue" data-category="javascript" data-original-index="3" class="d-block">
<a class="w3-bar-item w3-button acctop-link ga-top-drop ga-top-drop-tut-vue" href="https://www.w3schools.com/vue/index.php" title="Vue Tutorial">
<span class="learn-span">Learn</span>
Vue
</a>
<a class="ws-btn acclink-text ga-top-drop ga-top-drop-tut-vue" href="https://www.w3schools.com/vue/index.php" title="Vue Tutorial">
Tutorial
</a>
<a href="https://www.w3schools.com/vue/vue_ref_builtin-attributes.php" class="ws-btn acclink-text ga-top-drop ga-top-drop-ref-vue" title="Vue Reference">
Reference
</a>
</div>
<div data-name="angularjs" data-category="javascript" data-original-index="4" class="d-block">
<a class="w3-bar-item w3-button acctop-link ga-top-drop ga-top-drop-tut-angularjs" href="https://www.w3schools.com/angular/default.asp" title="Angular Tutorial">
<span class="learn-span">Learn</span>
AngularJS
</a>
<a class="ws-btn acclink-text ga-top-drop ga-top-drop-tut-angularjs" href="https://www.w3schools.com/angular/default.asp" title="Angular Tutorial">
Tutorial
</a>
<a class="ws-btn acclink-text ga-top-drop ga-top-drop-ref-angularjs" href="https://www.w3schools.com/angular/angular_ref_directives.asp" title="Angular Reference">
Reference
</a>
</div>
<div data-name="json" data-category="javascript" data-original-index="5" class="d-block">
<a class="w3-bar-item w3-button acctop-link ga-top-drop ga-top-drop-tut-json" href="https://www.w3schools.com/js/js_json_intro.asp" title="JSON Tutorial">
<span class="learn-span">Learn</span>
JSON
</a>
<a class="ws-btn acclink-text ga-top-drop ga-top-drop-tut-json" href="https://www.w3schools.com/js/js_json_intro.asp" title="JSON Tutorial">
Tutorial
</a>
<a class="ws-btn acclink-text ga-top-drop ga-top-drop-ref-json" href="https://www.w3schools.com/jsref/jsref_obj_json.asp" title="JSON Reference">
Reference
</a>
</div>
<div data-name="ajax" data-category="javascript" data-original-index="6" class="d-block">
<a class="w3-bar-item w3-button acctop-link ga-top-drop ga-top-drop-tut-ajax" href="https://www.w3schools.com/js/js_ajax_intro.asp" title="AJAX Tutorial">
<span class="learn-span">Learn</span>
AJAX
</a>
<a class="ws-btn acclink-text ga-top-drop ga-top-drop-tut-ajax" href="https://www.w3schools.com/js/js_ajax_intro.asp" title="AJAX Tutorial">
Tutorial
</a>
</div>
<div data-name="appml" data-category="javascript" data-original-index="7" class="d-block">
<a class="w3-bar-item w3-button acctop-link ga-top-drop ga-top-drop-tut-appml" href="https://www.w3schools.com/appml/default.asp" title="AppML Tutorial">
<span class="learn-span">Learn</span>
AppML
</a>
<a class="ws-btn acclink-text ga-top-drop ga-top-drop-tut-appml" href="https://www.w3schools.com/appml/default.asp" title="AppML Tutorial">
Tutorial
</a>
<a class="ws-btn acclink-text ga-top-drop ga-top-drop-ref-appml" href="https://www.w3schools.com/appml/appml_reference.asp" title="AppML Reference">
Reference
</a>
</div>
<div data-name="w3.js" data-category="javascript" data-original-index="8" class="d-block">
<a class="w3-bar-item w3-button acctop-link ga-top-drop ga-top-drop-tut-w3js" href="https://www.w3schools.com/w3js/default.asp" title="W3.JS Tutorial">
<span class="learn-span">Learn</span>
W3.JS
</a>
<a class="ws-btn acclink-text ga-top-drop ga-top-drop-tut-w3js" href="https://www.w3schools.com/w3js/default.asp" title="W3.JS Tutorial">
Tutorial
</a>
<a class="ws-btn acclink-text ga-top-drop ga-top-drop-ref-w3js" href="https://www.w3schools.com/w3js/w3js_references.asp" title="W3.JS Reference">
Reference
</a>
</div>
</div>
<div id="tutorials_web_building_links_list_desktop" class="w3-hide-medium w3-hide-small">
<h3 class="tnb-nav-section-title" data-heading="web_building_title">
Web Building
</h3>
<div data-name="create a website" data-category="web_building" data-original-index="0" class="d-block">
<a class="w3-bar-item w3-button ga-top-drop ga-top-drop-tut-spaces" href="https://www.w3schools.com/spaces/index.php" title="Get Your Own Website With W3shools Spaces">
Create a Website
<span class="ribbon-topnav" style="background-color: #d9212c; color: white">
HOT!
</span>
</a>
</div>
<div data-name="create a server" data-category="web_building" data-original-index="1" class="d-block">
<a class="w3-bar-item w3-button ga-top-drop ga-top-drop-tut-server" href="https://www.w3schools.com/spaces/index.php" title="Get Your Own Server With W3shools Spaces">
Create a Server
<span class="ribbon-topnav ws-green">NEW</span>
</a>
</div>
<div data-name="where to start" data-category="web_building" data-original-index="2" class="d-block">
<a class="w3-bar-item w3-button ga-top-drop ga-top-drop-tut-wheretostart" href="https://www.w3schools.com/where_to_start.asp" title="Where To Start - Web Development">
Where To Start
</a>
</div>
<div data-name="web templates" data-category="web_building" data-original-index="3" class="d-block">
<a class="w3-bar-item w3-button ga-top-drop ga-top-drop-tut-templates" href="https://www.w3schools.com/w3css/w3css_templates.asp" title="Free Web Templates">
Web Templates
</a>
</div>
<div data-name="web statistics" data-category="web_building" data-original-index="4" class="d-block">
<a class="w3-bar-item w3-button ga-top-drop ga-top-drop-tut-webstats" href="https://www.w3schools.com/browsers/default.asp" title="Web Statistics">
Web Statistics
</a>
</div>
<div data-name="web certificates" data-category="web_building" data-original-index="5" class="d-block">
<a target="_blank" href="https://campus.w3schools.com/" class="w3-bar-item w3-button ga-top-drop ga-top-drop-tut-certificates" title="Certificates">
Web Certificates
</a>
</div>
<div data-name="web development" data-category="web_building" data-original-index="6" class="d-block">
<a class="w3-bar-item w3-button ga-top-drop ga-top-drop-tut-web-development" href="https://www.w3schools.com/whatis/default.asp" title="Web Development Roadmaps">
Web Development
</a>
</div>
<div data-name="code editor" data-category="web_building" data-original-index="7" class="d-block">
<a class="w3-bar-item w3-button ga-top-drop ga-top-drop-tut-code-editor" href="https://www.w3schools.com/tryit/default.asp" title="Try it - Code Editor">
Code Editor
</a>
</div>
<div data-name="test your typing speed" data-category="web_building" data-original-index="8" class="d-block">
<a class="w3-bar-item w3-button ga-top-drop ga-top-drop-tut-typingspeed" href="https://www.w3schools.com/typingspeed/default.asp" title="Test Your Typing Speed">
Test Your Typing Speed
</a>
</div>
<div data-name="play a code game" data-category="web_building" data-original-index="9" class="d-block">
<a class="w3-bar-item w3-button ga-top-drop ga-top-drop-tut-codegame" href="https://www.w3schools.com/codegame/index.html" title="Play a Code Game">
Play a Code Game
</a>
</div>
<div data-name="cyber security" data-category="web_building" data-original-index="10" class="d-block">
<a class="w3-bar-item w3-button ga-top-drop ga-top-drop-tut-cybersec" href="https://www.w3schools.com/cybersecurity/index.php" title="Cyber Security Tutorial">
Cyber Security
</a>
</div>
<div data-name="accessibility" data-category="web_building" data-original-index="11" class="d-block">
<a class="w3-bar-item w3-button ga-top-drop ga-top-drop-tut-accessi" href="https://www.w3schools.com/accessibility/index.php" title="Accessibility Security Tutorial">
Accessibility
</a>
</div>
<div data-name="join our news letter" data-category="web_building" data-original-index="12" class="d-block">
<a target="_blank" href="https://campus.w3schools.com/pages/newsletter" class="w3-bar-item w3-button ga-top-drop ga-top-drop-tut-newsletter" title="W3Schools Newsletter">
Join our Newsletter
</a>
</div>
</div>
</div>