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documentation_complete: true
title: 'CIS Ubuntu 20.04 Level 1 Server Benchmark'
description: |-
This baseline aligns to the Center for Internet Security
Ubuntu 20.04 LTS Benchmark, v1.0.0, released 07-21-2020.
selections:
# 1 Initial Setup #
## 1.1 Filesystem Configuration ##
### 1.1.1 Disable unused filesystems ###
#### 1.1.1.1 Ensure mounting of cramfs filesystems is disabled (Automated)
- kernel_module_cramfs_disabled
#### 1.1.1.2 Ensure mounting of freevxfs filesystems is disabled (Automated)
- kernel_module_freevxfs_disabled
#### 1.1.1.3 Ensure mounting of jffs2 filesystems is disabled (Automated)
- kernel_module_jffs2_disabled
#### 1.1.1.4 Ensure mounting of hfs filesystems is disabled (Automated)
- kernel_module_hfs_disabled
#### 1.1.1.5 Ensure mounting of hfsplus filesystems is disabled (Automated)
- kernel_module_hfsplus_disabled
#### 1.1.1.6 Ensure mounting of udf filesystems is disabled (Automated)
- kernel_module_udf_disabled
#### 1.1.1.7 Ensure mounting of FAT filesystems is limited (Manual)
# Skip due to being Level 2
### 1.1.2 Ensure /tmp is configured (Automated)
- partition_for_tmp
### 1.1.3 Ensure nodev option set on /tmp partition (Automated)
- mount_option_tmp_nodev
### 1.1.4 Ensure nosuid option set on /tmp partition (Automated)
- mount_option_tmp_nosuid
### 1.1.5 Ensure noexec option set on /tmp partition (Automated)
- mount_option_tmp_noexec
### 1.1.6 Ensure /dev/shm is configured (Automated)
# Skip due to being handled by systemd and ensured by follow-on tests
### 1.1.7 Ensure nodev option set on /dev/shm partition (Automated)
- mount_option_dev_shm_nodev
### 1.1.8 Ensure nosuid option set on /dev/shm partition (Automated)
- mount_option_dev_shm_nosuid
### 1.1.9 Ensure noexec option set on /dev/shm partition (Automated)
- mount_option_dev_shm_noexec
### 1.1.10 Ensure separate partition exists for /var (Automated)
# Skip due to being Level 2
### 1.1.11 Ensure separate partition exists for /var/tmp (Automated)
# This is a Level 2 test but is needed for 1.1.12-14
- partition_for_var_tmp
### 1.1.12 Ensure nodev option set on /var/tmp partition (Automated)
- mount_option_var_tmp_nodev
### 1.1.13 Ensure nosuid option set on /var/tmp partition (Automated)
- mount_option_var_tmp_nosuid
### 1.1.14 Ensure noexec option set on /var/tmp partition (Automated)
- mount_option_var_tmp_noexec
### 1.1.15 Ensure separate partition exists for /var/log (Automated)
# Skip due to being Level 2
### 1.1.16 Ensure separate partition exists for /var/log/audit (Automated)
# Skip due to being Level 2
### 1.1.17 Ensure separate partition exists for /home (Automated)
# This is a Level 2 test but is needed for 1.1.18
- partition_for_home
### 1.1.18 Ensure nodev option set on /home partition (Automated)
- mount_option_home_nodev
### 1.1.19 Ensure nodev option set on removable media partitions (Manual)
# Skip due to being a manual test
### 1.1.20 Ensure nosuid option set on removable media partitions (Manual)
# Skip due to being a manual test
### 1.1.21 Ensure noexec option set on removable media partitions (Manual)
# Skip due to being a manual test
### 1.1.22 Ensure sticky bit is set on all world-writable directories (Automated)
- dir_perms_world_writable_sticky_bits
### 1.1.23 Disable Automounting (Automated)
- service_autofs_disabled
### 1.1.24 Disable USB Storage (Automated)
- kernel_module_usb-storage_disabled
## 1.2 Configure Software Updates ##
### 1.2.1 Ensure package manager repositories are configured (Manual)
# Skip due to being a manual test
### 1.2.2 Ensure GPG keys are configured (Manual)
# Skip due to being a manual test
## 1.3 Configure sudo ##
### 1.3.1 Ensure sudo is installed (Automated)
### 1.3.2 Ensure sudo commands use pty (Automated)
### 1.3.3 Ensure sudo log file exists (Automated)
## 1.4 Filesystem Integrity Checking ##
### 1.4.1 Ensure AIDE is installed (Automated)
### 1.4.2 Ensure filesystem integrity is regularly checked (Automated)
## 1.5 Secure Boot Settings ##
### 1.5.1 Ensure bootloader password is set (Automated)
### 1.5.2 Ensure permissions on bootloader config are configured (Automated)
### 1.5.3 Ensure authentication required for single user mode (Automated)
## 1.6 Additional Process Hardening ##
### 1.6.1 Ensure XD/NX support is enabled (Automated)
### 1.6.2 Ensure address space layout randomization (ASLR) is enabled (Automated)
- sysctl_kernel_randomize_va_space
### 1.6.3 Ensure prelink is disabled (Automated)
### 1.6.4 Ensure core dumps are restricted (Automated)
## 1.7 Mandatory Access Control ##
### 1.7.1 Configure AppArmor ###
#### 1.7.1.1 Ensure AppArmor is installed (Automated)
#### 1.7.1.2 Ensure AppArmor is enabled in the bootloader configuration (Automated)
#### 1.7.1.3 Ensure all AppArmor Profiles are in enforce or complain mode (Automated)
#### 1.7.1.4 Ensure all AppArmor Profiles are enforcing (Automated)
# Skip due to being Level 2
## 1.8 Warning Banners ##
### 1.8.1 Command Line Warning Banners ###
#### 1.8.1.1 Ensure message of the day is configured properly (Automated)
#### 1.8.1.2 Ensure local login warning banner is configured properly (Automated)
#### 1.8.1.3 Ensure remote login warning banner is configured properly (Automated)
#### 1.8.1.4 Ensure permissions on /etc/motd are configured (Automated)
#### 1.8.1.5 Ensure permissions on /etc/issue are configured (Automated)
#### 1.8.1.6 Ensure permissions on /etc/issue.net are configured (Automated)
## 1.9 Ensure updates, patches, and additional security software are installed (Manual)
- security_patches_up_to_date
## 1.10 Ensure GDM is removed or login is configured (Automated)
# Services #
## 2.1 inetd Services ##
### 2.1.1 Ensure xinetd is not installed (Automated)
### 2.1.2 Ensure openbsd-inetd is not installed (Automated)
## 2.2 Special Purpose Services ##
### 2.2.1 Time Synchronization ###
#### 2.2.1.1 Ensure time synchronization is in use (Automated)
#### 2.2.1.2 Ensure systemd-timesyncd is configured (Manual)
#### 2.2.1.3 Ensure chrony is configured (Automated)
#### 2.2.1.4 Ensure ntp is configured (Automated)
### 2.2.2 Ensure X Window System is not installed (Automated)
### 2.2.3 Ensure Avahi Server is not installed (Automated)
### 2.2.4 Ensure CUPS is not installed (Automated)
### 2.2.5 Ensure DHCP Server is not installed (Automated)
### 2.2.6 Ensure LDAP server is not installed (Automated)
### 2.2.7 Ensure NFS is not installed (Automated)
### 2.2.8 Ensure DNS Server is not installed (Automated)
### 2.2.9 Ensure FTP Server is not installed (Automated)
### 2.2.10 Ensure HTTP server is not installed (Automated)
### 2.2.11 Ensure IMAP and POP3 server are not installed (Automated)
### 2.2.12 Ensure Samba is not installed (Automated)
### 2.2.13 Ensure HTTP Proxy Server is not installed (Automated)
### 2.2.14 Ensure SNMP Server is not installed (Automated)
### 2.2.15 Ensure mail transfer agent is configured for local-only mode (Automated)
### 2.2.16 Ensure rsync service is not installed (Automated)
### 2.2.17 Ensure NIS Server is not installed (Automated)
## 2.3 Service Clients ##
### 2.3.1 Ensure NIS Client is not installed (Automated)
### 2.3.2 Ensure rsh client is not installed (Automated)
### 2.3.3 Ensure talk client is not installed (Automated)
### 2.3.4 Ensure telnet client is not installed (Automated)
### 2.3.5 Ensure LDAP client is not installed (Automated)
### 2.3.6 Ensure RPC is not installed (Automated)
## 2.4 Ensure nonessential services are removed or masked (Manual)
# Skip due to being a manual test
# 3 Network Configuration #
## 3.1 Disable unused network procols and devices ##
### 3.1.1 Disable IPv6 (Manual)
# Skip due to being Level 2
### 3.1.2 Ensure wireless interfaces are disabled (Automated)
## 3.2 Network Parameters (Host Only) ##
### 3.2.1 Ensure packet redirect sending is disabled (Automated)
### 3.2.2 Ensure IP forwarding is disabled (Automated)
## 3.3 Network Parameters (Host and Router)
### 3.3.1 Ensure source routed packets are not accepted (Automated)
### 3.3.2 Ensure ICMP redirects are not accepted (Automated)
### 3.3.3 Ensure secure ICMP redirects are not accepted (Automated)
### 3.3.4 Ensure suspicious packets are logged (Automated)
### 3.3.5 Ensure broadcast ICMP requests are ignored (Automated)
### 3.3.6 Ensure bogus ICMP responses are ignored (Automated)
### 3.3.7 Ensure Reverse Path Filtering is enabled (Automated)
### 3.3.8 Ensure TCP SYN Cookies is enabled (Automated)
### 3.3.9 Ensure IPv6 router advertisements are not accepted (Automated)
## 3.4 Uncommon Network Protocols ##
### 3.4.1 Ensure DCCP is disabled (Automated)
# Skip due to being Level 2
### 3.4.2 Ensure SCTP is disabled (Automated)
# Skip due to being Level 2
### 3.4.3 Ensure RDS is disabled (Automated)
# Skip due to being Level 2
### 3.4.4 Ensure TIPC is disabled (Automated)
# Skip due to being Level 2
## 3.5 Firewall Configuration
### 3.5.1 Configure Uncomplicated Firewall
#### 3.5.1.1 Ensure Uncomplicated Firewall is installed (Automated)
#### 3.5.1.2 Ensure iptables-persistent is not installed (Automated)
#### 3.5.1.3 Ensure ufw service is enabled (Automated)
#### 3.5.1.4 Ensure loopback traffic is configured (Automated)
#### 3.5.1.5 Ensure outbound connections are configured (Manual)
# Skip due to being a manual test
#### 3.5.1.6 Ensure firewall rules exist for all open ports (Manual)
# Skip due to being a manual test
#### 3.5.1.7 Ensure default deny firewall policy (Automated)
### 3.5.1 Configure nftables
#### 3.5.2.1 Ensure nftables is installed (Automated)
#### 3.5.2.2 Ensure Uncomplicated Firewall is not installed or disabled (Automated)
#### 3.5.2.3 Ensure iptables are flushed (Manual)
# Skip due to being a manual test
#### 3.5.2.4 Ensure a table exists (Automated)
#### 3.5.2.5 Ensure base chains exist (Automated)
#### 3.5.2.6 Ensure loopback traffic is configured (Automated)
#### 3.5.2.7 Ensure outbound and established connections are configured (Manual)
# Skip due to being a manual test
#### 3.5.2.8 Ensure default deny firewall policy (Automated)
#### 3.5.2.9 Ensure nftables service is enabled (Automated)
#### 3.5.2.10 Ensure nftables rules are permanent (Automated)
### 3.5.3 Configure iptables ###
#### 3.5.3.1 Configure software ####
##### 3.5.3.1.1 Ensure iptables packages are installed (Automated)
###### 3.5.3.1.2 Ensure nftables is not installed (Automated)
###### 3.5.3.1.3 Ensure Uncomplicated Firewall is not installed or disabled (Automated)
#### 3.5.3.2 Configure IPv4 iptables ####
###### 3.5.3.2.1 Ensure default deny firewall policy (Automated)
###### 3.5.3.2.2 Ensure loopback traffic is configured (Automated)
##### 3.5.3.2.3 Ensure outbound and established connections are configured (Manual)
# Skip due to being a manual test
##### 3.5.3.2.4 Ensure firewall rules exist for all open ports (Manual)
# Skip due to being a manual test
#### 3.5.3.3 Configure IPv6 ip6tables ####
# 3.5.3.3.1 Ensure IPv6 default deny firewall policy (Automated)
# 3.5.3.3.2 Ensure IPv6 loopback traffic is configured (Automated)
# 3.5.3.3.3 Ensure IPv6 outbound and established connections are configured (Manual)
# Skip due to being a manual test
# 3.5.3.3.4 Ensure IPv6 firewall rules exist for all open ports (Manual)
# Skip due to being a manual test
# 4 Logging and Auditing #
## 4.1 Configure System Accounting (auditd) ##
### 4.1.1 Ensure auditing is enabled ###
#### 4.1.1.1 Ensure auditd is installed (Automated)
# Skip due to being Level 2
#### 4.1.1.2 Ensure auditd service is enabled (Automated)
# Skip due to being Level 2
#### 4.1.1.3 Ensure auditing for processes that start prior to auditd is enabled (Automated)
# Skip due to being Level 2
#### 4.1.1.4 Ensure audit_backlog_limit is sufficient (Automated)
# Skip due to being Level 2
## 4.1.2 Configure Data Retention ##
#### 4.1.2.1 Ensure audit log storage size is configured (Automated)
# Skip due to being Level 2
#### 4.1.2.2 Ensure audit logs are not automatically deleted (Automated)
# Skip due to being Level 2
#### 4.1.2.3 Ensure system is disabled when audit logs are full (Automated)
# Skip due to being Level 2
### 4.1.3 Ensure events that modify date and time information are collected (Automated)
# Skip due to being Level 2
### 4.1.4 Ensure events that modify user/group information are collected (Automated)
# Skip due to being Level 2
### 4.1.5 Ensure events that modify the system's network environment are collected (Automated)
# Skip due to being Level 2
### 4.1.6 Ensure events that modify the system's Mandatory Access Controls are collected (Automated)
# Skip due to being Level 2
### 4.1.7 Ensure login and logout events are collected (Automated)
# Skip due to being Level 2
### 4.1.8 Ensure session initiation information is collected (Automated)
# Skip due to being Level 2
### 4.1.9 Ensure discretionary access control permission modification events are collected (Automated)
# Skip due to being Level 2
### 4.1.10 Ensure unsuccessful unauthorized file access attempts are collected (Automated)
# Skip due to being Level 2
### 4.1.11 Ensure use of privileged commands is collected (Automated)
# Skip due to being Level 2
### 4.1.12 Ensure successful file system mounts are collected (Automated)
# Skip due to being Level 2
### 4.1.13 Ensure file deletion events by users are collected (Automated)
# Skip due to being Level 2
### 4.1.14 Ensure changes to system administration scope (sudoers) is collected (Automated)
# Skip due to being Level 2
### 4.1.15 Ensure system administrator command executions (sudo) are collected (Automated)
# Skip due to being Level 2
### 4.1.16 Ensure kernel module loading and unloading is collected (Automated)
# Skip due to being Level 2
### 4.1.17 Ensure the audit configuration is immutable (Automated)
# Skip due to being Level 2
## 4.2 Configure Logging ##
### 4.2.1 Configure rsyslog ###
#### 4.2.1.1 Ensure rsyslog is installed (Automated)
#### 4.2.1.2 Ensure rsyslog Service is enabled (Automated)
#### 4.2.1.3 Ensure logging is configured (Manual)
# Skip due to being a manual test
#### 4.2.1.4 Ensure rsyslog default file permissions configured (Automated)
#### 4.2.1.5 Ensure rsyslog is configured to send logs to a remote log host (Automated)
#### 4.2.1.6 Ensure remote rsyslog messages are only accepted on designated log hosts. (Manual)
# Skip due to being a manual test
## 4.2.2 Configure journald ##
#### 4.2.2.1 Ensure journald is configured to send logs to rsyslog (Automated)
#### 4.2.2.2 Ensure journald is configured to compress large log files (Automated)
#### 4.2.2.3 Ensure journald is configured to write logfiles to persistent disk (Automated)
### 4.2.3 Ensure permissions on all logfiles are configured (Automated)
## 4.3 Ensure logrotate is configured (Manual)
# Skip due to being a manual test
## 4.4 Ensure logrotate assigns appropriate permissions (Automated)
# 5 Access, Authentication and Authorization #
## 5.1 Configure time-based job schedulers ##
### 5.1.1 Ensure cron daemon is enabled and running (Automated)
### 5.1.2 Ensure permissions on /etc/crontab are configured (Automated)
### 5.1.3 Ensure permissions on /etc/cron.hourly are configured (Automated)
### 5.1.4 Ensure permissions on /etc/cron.daily are configured (Automated)
### 5.1.5 Ensure permissions on /etc/cron.weekly are configured (Automated)
### 5.1.6 Ensure permissions on /etc/cron.monthly are configured (Automated)
### 5.1.7 Ensure permissions on /etc/cron.d are configured (Automated)
### 5.1.8 Ensure cron is restricted to authorized users (Automated)
### 5.1.9 Ensure at is restricted to authorized users (Automated)
## 5.2 Configure SSH Server ##
### 5.2.1 Ensure permissions on /etc/ssh/sshd_config are configured (Automated)
### 5.2.2 Ensure permissions on SSH private host key files are configured (Automated)
### 5.2.3 Ensure permissions on SSH public host key files are configured (Automated)
### 5.2.4 Ensure SSH LogLevel is appropriate (Automated)
- sshd_set_loglevel_info
### 5.2.5 Ensure SSH X11 forwarding is disabled (Automated)
# Skip due to being Level 2
### 5.2.6 Ensure SSH MaxAuthTries is set to 4 or less (Automated)
- sshd_max_auth_tries_value=4
- sshd_set_max_auth_tries
### 5.2.7 Ensure SSH IgnoreRhosts is enabled (Automated)
- sshd_disable_rhosts
### 5.2.8 Ensure SSH HostbasedAuthentication is disabled (Automated)
- disable_host_auth
### 5.2.9 Ensure SSH root login is disabled (Automated)
- sshd_disable_root_login
### 5.2.10 Ensure SSH PermitEmptyPasswords is disabled (Automated)
- sshd_disable_empty_passwords
### 5.2.11 Ensure SSH PermitUserEnvironment is disabled (Automated)
- sshd_do_not_permit_user_env
### 5.2.12 Ensure only strong Ciphers are used (Automated)
### 5.2.13 Ensure only strong MAC algorithms are used (Automated)
### 5.2.14 Ensure only strong Key Exchange algorithms are used (Automated)
### 5.2.15 Ensure SSH Idle Timeout Interval is configured (Automated)
- sshd_idle_timeout_value=5_minutes
- sshd_set_idle_timeout
- sshd_set_keepalive
### 5.2.16 Ensure SSH LoginGraceTime is set to one minute or less (Automated)
### 5.2.17 Ensure SSH access is limited (Automated)
### 5.2.18 Ensure SSH warning banner is configured (Automated)
- sshd_enable_warning_banner
### 5.2.19 Ensure SSH PAM is enabled (Automated)
### 5.2.20 Ensure SSH AllowTcpForwarding is disabled (Automated)
# Skip due to being Level 2
### 5.2.21 Ensure SSH MaxStartups is configured (Automated)
### 5.2.22 Ensure SSH MaxSessions is limited (Automated)
## 5.3 Configure PAM ##
### 5.3.1 Ensure password creation requirements are configured (Automated)
### 5.3.2 Ensure lockout for failed password attempts is configured (Automated)
### 5.3.3 Ensure password reuse is limited (Automated)
### 5.3.4 Ensure password hashing algorithm is SHA-512 (Automated)
## 5.4 User Accounts and Environment ##
### 5.4.1 Set Shadow Password Suite Parameters ###
#### 5.4.1.1 Ensure password expiration is 365 days or less (Automated)
#### 5.4.1.2 Ensure minimum days between password changes is configured (Automated)
#### 5.4.1.3 Ensure password expiration warning days is 7 or more (Automated)
#### 5.4.1.4 Ensure inactive password lock is 30 days or less (Automated)
#### 5.4.1.5 Ensure all users last password change date is in the past (Automated)
### 5.4.2 Ensure system accounts are secured (Automated)
### 5.4.3 Ensure default group for the root account is GID 0 (Automated)
### 5.4.4 Ensure default user umask is 027 or more restrictive (Automated)
### 5.4.5 Ensure default user shell timeout is 900 seconds or less (Automated)
## 5.5 Ensure root login is restricted to system console (Manual)
# Skip due to being a manual test
## 5.6 Ensure access to the su command is restricted (Automated)
# 6 System Maintenance #
## 6.1 System File Permissions ##
### 6.1.1 Audit system file permissions (Manual)
# Skip due to being Level 2
### 6.1.2 Ensure permissions on /etc/passwd are configured (Automated)
- file_owner_etc_passwd
- file_groupowner_etc_passwd
- file_permissions_etc_passwd
### 6.1.3 Ensure permissions on /etc/gshadow- are configured (Automated)
- file_owner_backup_etc_gshadow
- file_groupowner_backup_etc_gshadow
- file_permissions_backup_etc_gshadow
### 6.1.4 Ensure permissions on /etc/shadow are configured (Automated)
- file_owner_etc_shadow
- file_groupowner_etc_shadow
- file_permissions_etc_shadow
### 6.1.5 Ensure permissions on /etc/group are configured (Automated)
- file_owner_etc_group
- file_groupowner_etc_group
- file_permissions_etc_group
### 6.1.6 Ensure permissions on /etc/passwd- are configured (Automated)
- file_owner_backup_etc_passwd
- file_groupowner_backup_etc_passwd
- file_permissions_backup_etc_passwd
### 6.1.7 Ensure permissions on /etc/shadow- are configured (Automated)
- file_owner_backup_etc_shadow
- file_groupowner_backup_etc_shadow
- file_permissions_backup_etc_shadow
### 6.1.8 Ensure permissions on /etc/group- are configured (Automated)
- file_owner_backup_etc_group
- file_groupowner_backup_etc_group
- file_permissions_backup_etc_group
### 6.1.9 Ensure permissions on /etc/gshadow are configured (Automated)
- file_owner_etc_gshadow
- file_groupowner_etc_gshadow
- file_permissions_etc_gshadow
### 6.1.10 Ensure no world writable files exist (Automated)
### 6.1.11 Ensure no unowned files or directories exist (Automated)
### 6.1.12 Ensure no ungrouped files or directories exist (Automated)
### 6.1.13 Audit SUID executables (Manual)
# Skip due to being a manual test
### 6.1.14 Audit SGID executables (Manual)
# Skip due to being a manual test
## 6.2 User and Group Settings ##
### 6.2.1 Ensure password fields are not empty (Automated)
### 6.2.2 Ensure root is the only UID 0 account (Automated)
### 6.2.3 Ensure root PATH Integrity (Automated)
### 6.2.4 Ensure all users' home directories exist (Automated)
### 6.2.5 Ensure users' home directories permissions are 750 or more restrictive (Automated)
### 6.2.6 Ensure users own their home directories (Automated)
### 6.2.7 Ensure users' dot files are not group or world writable (Automated)
### 6.2.8 Ensure no users have .forward files (Automated)
### 6.2.9 Ensure no users have .netrc files (Automated)
### 6.2.10 Ensure users' .netrc Files are not group or world accessible (Automated)
### 6.2.11 Ensure no users have .rhosts files (Automated)
### 6.2.12 Ensure all groups in /etc/passwd exist in /etc/group (Automated)
### 6.2.13 Ensure no duplicate UIDs exist (Automated)
### 6.2.14 Ensure no duplicate GIDs exist (Automated)
### 6.2.15 Ensure no duplicate user names exist (Automated)
### 6.2.16 Ensure no duplicate group names exist (Automated)
### 6.2.17 Ensure shadow group is empty (Automated)