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polarization2.tex
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\documentclass{standalone}
%\pagenumbering{gobble}
%%%%%%%%%%%%%%%%%%%%%%%%%%%%%%%%%%%%%%%%%%%%
% schematic of polarized absorption and emission
% from an aspherical dust grain
%%%%%%%%%%%%%%%%%%%%%%%%%%%%%%%%%%%%%%%%%%%%
\usepackage{tikz,xcolor}
\usetikzlibrary{arrows,snakes}
\usetikzlibrary{arrows.meta}
\usetikzlibrary{shapes.geometric}
\usetikzlibrary{backgrounds}
\tikzset{
partial ellipse/.style args={#1:#2:#3}{insert path={+ (#1:#3) arc (#1:#2:#3)}}
}
\begin{document}
\tikzstyle{background grid}=[draw, black!30,step=.5cm]
%\begin{tikzpicture}[scale=1.0, font=\sffamily, show background grid]
\begin{tikzpicture}[scale=1.0, font=\sffamily]
% grain and magnetic field
\draw[color=white, fill=gray!30, rotate=0] (6,0) ellipse (1 and 0.3);
\draw[line width = 0.5mm, arrows={-Triangle[angle=60:12pt]}] (6,0.1) -- (6,5);
\draw[line width = 0.5mm] (6,-5) -- (6,-0.3);
\node at (5.5,4) {\huge {\bf B}};
% background star
\node[star,star points=7,star point ratio=1.8, fill] at (0,0) {};
% ABSORPTION
% lines of sight
\draw[very thick, dotted, arrows={-Triangle[angle=60:10pt]}] (0,0) -- (5.2,0);
\draw[very thick, dotted, arrows={-Triangle[angle=60:10pt]}] (6.8,0) -- (20,0);
% draw electric field direction
\draw[very thick, <->] (2.5,-1) -- (2.5,1);
\draw[very thick, <->] (1.8,-0.5) -- (3.2,0.5);
\node at (2,-1.3) {\large unpolarized};
\draw[very thick, <->] (14,-0.8) -- (14,0.8);
\draw[very thick, <->] (13.7,-0.2) -- (14.3,0.2);
\node at (12.6,1.0) {\large polarized};
\node at (12.6,0.6) {\large absorption};
% telescope
\draw[very thick] (20,0) ellipse (0.1 and 0.5);
\draw[very thick] (22,0) [partial ellipse=-90:90:0.1 and 0.5];
\draw[very thick] (20,0.5) -- (22,0.5);
\draw[very thick] (20,-0.5) -- (22,-0.5);
\draw[white, fill=gray!70] (20.8,-1.5) -- (21.3,-0.5) -- (21.8,-1.5) -- cycle;
\node at (21,0) {\Large OIR};
% draw schematic of the absorption polarization pattern
\draw[color=black, fill=gray!10] (24.7,1.3) -- (21.3,1.3) -- (21.3,4.7) -- (24.7,4.7) -- cycle;
\draw[fill] (23,3) circle (0.1);
\draw[very thick] (23,2.7) -- (23,3.3);
\draw[very thick] (23,1.7) -- (23,2.3);
\draw[very thick] (23,3.7) -- (23,4.3);
\draw[very thick] (22,2.7) -- (22,3.3);
\draw[very thick] (22,1.7) -- (22,2.3);
\draw[very thick] (22,3.7) -- (22,4.3);
\draw[very thick] (24,2.7) -- (24,3.3);
\draw[very thick] (24,1.7) -- (24,2.3);
\draw[very thick] (24,3.7) -- (24,4.3);
\node at (23,5.35) {\large absorption};
\node at (23,4.95) {\large polarization pattern};
\node at (23,1.1) {$\alpha$};
\node at (21.1,3) {$\delta$};
% EMISSION
% line of sight
\draw[very thick, dotted, arrows={-Triangle[angle=60:10pt]}] (6.5,-0.2) -- (19,-3.5);
% draw electric field direction
\draw[very thick, <->] (11.5,-1.8) -- (11.5,-1.2);
\draw[very thick, <->] (10.5,-1.8) -- (12.5,-1.2);
\node at (9.5,-1.5) {\large polarized};
\node at (9.5,-1.9) {\large emission};
% telescope
\draw[white, fill=gray!70] (19,-5.5) -- (19.5,-3.5) -- (20,-5.5) -- cycle;
\draw[ultra thick] (18.5,-4.5) arc (-70:25:1.5);
\node at (19.5,-5.9) {\Large mm/FIR};
% draw schematic of the absorption polarization pattern
\draw[color=black, fill=gray!10] (21.3,-6.2) -- (24.7,-6.2) -- (24.7,-2.8) -- (21.3,-2.8) -- cycle;
\draw[fill] (23,-4.5) circle (0.1);
\draw[very thick] (22.7,-4.5) -- (23.3,-4.5);
\draw[very thick] (21.7,-4.5) -- (22.3,-4.5);
\draw[very thick] (23.7,-4.5) -- (24.3,-4.5);
\draw[very thick] (22.7,-3.5) -- (23.3,-3.5);
\draw[very thick] (21.7,-3.5) -- (22.3,-3.5);
\draw[very thick] (23.7,-3.5) -- (24.3,-3.5);
\draw[very thick] (22.7,-5.5) -- (23.3,-5.5);
\draw[very thick] (21.7,-5.5) -- (22.3,-5.5);
\draw[very thick] (23.7,-5.5) -- (24.3,-5.5);
\node at (23,-2.15) {\large emission};
\node at (23,-2.55) {\large polarization pattern};
\node at (23,-6.4) {$\alpha$};
\node at (21.1,-4.5) {$\delta$};
\end{tikzpicture}
\end{document}
% draw schematic of the absorption polarization pattern
\draw[color=black, fill=gray!10] (10.8,-6.2) -- (14.2,-6.2) -- (14.2,-2.8) -- (10.8,-2.8) -- cycle;
\draw[fill] (12.5,-4.5) circle (0.1);
\draw[very thick] (12.2,-4.5) -- (12.8,-4.5);
\draw[very thick] (11.2,-4.5) -- (11.8,-4.5);
\draw[very thick] (13.2,-4.5) -- (13.8,-4.5);
\draw[very thick] (12.2,-3.5) -- (12.8,-3.5);
\draw[very thick] (11.2,-3.5) -- (11.8,-3.5);
\draw[very thick] (13.2,-3.5) -- (13.8,-3.5);
\draw[very thick] (12.2,-5.5) -- (12.8,-5.5);
\draw[very thick] (11.2,-5.5) -- (11.8,-5.5);
\draw[very thick] (13.2,-5.5) -- (13.8,-5.5);
\node at (12.5,-2.55) {\large polarization pattern};
\node at (12.5,-6.4) {$\alpha$};
\node at (10.6,-4.5) {$\delta$};