Merge pull request #507 from lymchgmk/week8

[EGON] Week8 Solutions

Author: EgonD3V

clone-graph/EGON.py

@@ -0,0 +1,58 @@
+from typing import Optional, TypeVar
+from unittest import TestCase, main
+
+
+# Definition for a Node.
+class Node:
+    def __init__(self, val = 0, neighbors = None):
+        self.val = val
+        self.neighbors = neighbors if neighbors is not None else []
+
+
+class Solution:
+    def cloneGraph(self, node: Optional[Node]) -> Optional[Node]:
+        return self.solve(node)
+
+    """
+    Runtime: 42 ms (Beats 45.48%)
+    Time Complexity: O(n)
+
+    Memory: 17.04 (Beats 8.15%)
+    Space Complexity: O(n), upper bound
+    """
+    def solve(self, node: Optional[Node]) -> Optional[Node]:
+        clone_dict = {}
+        stack = [node]
+        visited = set()
+        while stack:
+            curr_node = stack.pop()
+            visited.add(curr_node.val)
+            if curr_node.val not in clone_dict:
+                clone_dict[curr_node.val] = Node(val=curr_node.val)
+
+            for neighbor in curr_node.neighbors:
+                if neighbor.val not in clone_dict:
+                    clone_dict[neighbor.val] = Node(val=neighbor.val)
+
+                if neighbor.val not in visited:
+                    clone_dict[curr_node.val].neighbors.append(clone_dict[neighbor.val])
+                    clone_dict[neighbor.val].neighbors.append(clone_dict[curr_node.val])
+                    stack.append(neighbor)
+
+        return clone_dict[node.val]
+
+
+class _LeetCodeTestCases(TestCase):
+    def test_1(self):
+        node_dict = {1: Node(1), 2: Node(2), 3: Node(3), 4: Node(4)}
+        node_dict[1].neighbors = [node_dict[2], node_dict[4]]
+        node_dict[2].neighbors = [node_dict[1], node_dict[3]]
+        node_dict[3].neighbors = [node_dict[2], node_dict[4]]
+        node_dict[4].neighbors = [node_dict[1], node_dict[3]]
+
+        Solution.cloneGraph(Solution(), node_dict[1])
+        self.assertTrue("RUN")
+
+
+if __name__ == '__main__':
+    main()

longest-common-subsequence/EGON.py

@@ -0,0 +1,44 @@
+from unittest import TestCase, main
+
+
+class Solution:
+    def longestCommonSubsequence(self, text1: str, text2: str) -> int:
+        return self.solve_dp(text1, text2)
+
+    """
+    Runtime: 441 ms (Beats 85.60%)
+    Time Complexity: O(m * n)
+        - text1, text2의 길이를 각각 m, n이라 하면 이중 for문 조회에 O(m * n)
+        - i. dp 배열 값 갱신에서 기존값 +1에 O(1)
+        - ii. dp 배열 값 갱신에서 2개 항에 대한 max 연산에 O(2), upper bound
+        > O(m * n) * O(2) ~= O(m * n) 
+
+    Memory: 41.81 (Beats 55.93%)
+    Space Complexity: O(m * n)
+        > row의 길이가 n이가 col의 길이가 m인 2차원 배열 dp 사용에 O(m * n)
+    """
+    def solve_dp(self, text1: str, text2: str) -> int:
+        dp = [[0] * (len(text2) + 1) for _ in range(len(text1) + 1)]
+        for idx1 in range(len(text1)):
+            for idx2 in range(len(text2)):
+                if text1[idx1] == text2[idx2]:
+                    dp[idx1 + 1][idx2 + 1] = dp[idx1][idx2] + 1
+                else:
+                    dp[idx1 + 1][idx2 + 1] = max(dp[idx1 + 1][idx2], dp[idx1][idx2 + 1])
+
+        return dp[-1][-1]
+
+
+class _LeetCodeTestCases(TestCase):
+    def test_1(self):
+        text1 = "abcde"
+        text2 = "ace"
+        output = 3
+        self.assertEqual(
+            Solution().longestCommonSubsequence(text1, text2),
+            output
+        )
+
+
+if __name__ == '__main__':
+    main()

longest-repeating-character-replacement/EGON.py

@@ -0,0 +1,48 @@
+from unittest import TestCase, main
+from collections import defaultdict
+
+
+class Solution:
+    def characterReplacement(self, s: str, k: int) -> int:
+        return self.solve_sliding_window(s, k)
+
+    """
+    Runtime: 63 ms (Beats 98.40%)
+    Time Complexity: O(n)
+        - s에 대해 조회하는데 O(n)
+        - dict인 counter를 사용해서 특정 문자의 빈도수 체크, 분기처리, most_common_char 갱신에 O(1)
+        - 현재 최장 길이 계산에 int 계산만 사용하므로 O(1)
+        > O(n) * O(1) ~= O(n)
+
+    Memory: 16.54 (Beats 76.70%)
+    Space Complexity: O(n), upper bound
+        - left, right 같은 int 인덱스 변수 할당에 O(1)
+        - most_common_char같은 str 변수 할당에 O(1)
+        - dict인 counter의 최대 크기는 s의 모든 문자가 다르고 k의 크기가 len(s)인 경우이므로 O(n), upper bound
+        > O(n), upper bound
+    """
+    def solve_sliding_window(self, s: str, k: int) -> int:
+        left = right = 0
+        counter, most_common_char = defaultdict(int), ""
+        for right in range(len(s)):
+            counter[s[right]] += 1
+            if counter[most_common_char] < counter[s[right]]:
+                most_common_char = s[right]
+
+            if (right - left + 1) - counter[most_common_char] > k:
+                counter[s[left]] -= 1
+                left += 1
+
+        return right - left + 1
+
+
+class _LeetCodeTestCases(TestCase):
+    def test_1(self):
+        s = "AABBCC"
+        k = 2
+        output = 4
+        self.assertEqual(Solution.characterReplacement(Solution(), s, k), output)
+
+
+if __name__ == '__main__':
+    main()

merge-two-sorted-lists/EGON.py

@@ -0,0 +1,79 @@
+from typing import Optional
+from unittest import TestCase, main
+
+
+class ListNode:
+    def __init__(self, val=0, next=None):
+        self.val = val
+        self.next = next
+
+
+class Solution:
+    def mergeTwoLists(self, list1: Optional[ListNode], list2: Optional[ListNode]) -> Optional[ListNode]:
+        return self.solve(list1, list2)
+
+    """
+    Runtime: 36 ms (Beats 71.91%)
+    Time Complexity: O(m + n)
+        > list1의 길이를 m, list2의 길이를 n이라 할 때, list1과 list2 모두 끝까지 조회하므로 O(n + m)
+
+    Memory: 16.62 (Beats 37.59%)
+    Space Complexity: O(m + n)
+        > result의 길이는 list1의 길이와 list2의 길이의 합과 같으므로 O(m + n) 
+    """
+    def solve(self, list1: Optional[ListNode], list2: Optional[ListNode]) -> Optional[ListNode]:
+        result = ListNode()
+        node = result
+        while list1 or list2:
+            if list1 and list2:
+                if list1.val < list2.val:
+                    node.next = list1
+                    node = node.next
+                    list1 = list1.next
+                else:
+                    node.next = list2
+                    node = node.next
+                    list2 = list2.next
+
+            elif list1 and not list2:
+                node.next = list1
+                node = node.next
+                list1 = list1.next
+
+            elif not list1 and list2:
+                node.next = list2
+                node = node.next
+                list2 = list2.next
+
+            else:
+                break
+
+        return result.next
+
+
+class _LeetCodeTestCases(TestCase):
+    def test_1(self):
+        list1 = ListNode(
+            val=1,
+            next=ListNode(
+                val=2,
+                next=ListNode(
+                    val=4
+                )
+            )
+        )
+        list2 = ListNode(
+            val=1,
+            next=ListNode(
+                val=3,
+                next=ListNode(
+                    val=4
+                )
+            )
+        )
+        output = [1,1,2,3,4,4]
+        self.assertEqual(Solution.mergeTwoLists(Solution(), list1, list2), output)
+
+
+if __name__ == '__main__':
+    main()

sum-of-two-integers/EGON.py

@@ -0,0 +1,41 @@
+from unittest import TestCase, main
+
+
+class Solution:
+    def getSum(self, a: int, b: int) -> int:
+        return self.solve_bit(a, b)
+
+    """
+    Runtime: 26 ms (Beats 94.94%)
+    Time Complexity: O(log max(a, b)) ~= O(1)
+        - a와 b를 and 연산 후 왼쪽으로 shift한 값을 b에 할당하는데 모두 비트연산이므로 O(1)
+        - b의 값이 왼쪽 shift에 의해 감소하므로 log(b)
+            - 단 b의 값은 a & b에 의해 결정되므로 log max(a, b)
+        - 전제 조건에서 a, b는 모두 절대값 1000 이하의 값이므로, 최대 10회의 shift 연산만 발생하므로, O(10) ~= O(1)
+        > O(log max(a, b)) < O(10) ~= O(1)
+        
+    Memory: 16.52 (Beats 18.98%)
+    Space Complexity: O(1)
+        > input에 무관하게 정수형 변수들만 사용하므로 O(1)
+    """
+    def solve_bit(self, a: int, b: int) -> int:
+        COMPLEMENT_MASK = 0xFFF
+
+        while b != 0:
+            carry = a & b
+            a = (a ^ b) & COMPLEMENT_MASK
+            b = (carry << 1) & COMPLEMENT_MASK
+
+        return a if a <= 0x7FF else ~(a ^ COMPLEMENT_MASK)
+
+
+class _LeetCodeTestCases(TestCase):
+    def test_1(self):
+        a = -1
+        b = 1
+        output = 0
+        self.assertEqual(Solution().getSum(a, b), output)
+
+
+if __name__ == '__main__':
+    main()