Merge pull request #86 from SamTheKorean/solution4

[SAM] Week 4 solutions.

Author: SamTheKorean

counting-bits/samthekorean.py

@@ -0,0 +1,10 @@
+# TC: O(n)
+# SC: O(n)
+# For each number from 1 to n, update the count of set bits for i based on the count for i divided by two
+# and the least significant bit (LSB) of i.
+class Solution:
+    def countBits(self, n: int) -> List[int]:
+        ans = [0] * (n + 1)
+        for i in range(1, n + 1):
+            ans[i] = ans[i >> 1] + (i & 1)
+        return ans

group-anagrams/samthekorean.py

@@ -0,0 +1,15 @@
+# TC : O(nwlog(w))
+# reason : n being the number of words and w being the length of each word, therefore the total time complexity is n times wlog(w) (time complexity for sorting each word)
+# SC : O(w*n)
+from collections import defaultdict
+
+
+class Solution:
+    def groupAnagrams(self, strs: List[str]) -> List[List[str]]:
+        anagrams = defaultdict(list)
+
+        # Use sorted word as a string and append it with the original word so the word containing same charactors with the same number of existence can be in the same group
+        for word in strs:
+            anagrams[str(sorted(word))].append(word)
+
+        return anagrams.values()

missing-number/samthekorean.py

@@ -0,0 +1,14 @@
+# TC : O(n)
+# SC : O(1)
+class Solution:
+    def missingNumber(self, nums: List[int]) -> int:
+        n = len(nums)
+
+        # The sum of the numbers in the range(0,n)
+        sumOfNums = (1 + n) * n // 2
+
+        # Subtract every element of nums to leave only missing number
+        for num in nums:
+            sumOfNums -= num
+
+        return sumOfNums

number-of-1-bits/samthekorean.py

@@ -0,0 +1,11 @@
+# TC : O(log n)
+# reason : bin method internally devides n by 2 while transitioning to binary number
+# SC : O(1)
+class Solution:
+    def hammingWeight(self, n: int) -> int:
+        res = 0
+        # count each charactor from the first
+        for bit in bin(n):
+            if bit == "1":
+                res += 1
+        return res

reverse-bits/samthekorean.py

@@ -0,0 +1,9 @@
+# TC : O(1)
+# SC : O(1)
+# Reason : The input is fixed to be 32 bit resulting in time and space complexity being O(1)
+class Solution:
+    def reverseBits(self, n: int) -> int:
+        binary_string = bin(n)[2:].zfill(32)
+        reversed_binary_string = binary_string[::-1]
+
+        return int(reversed_binary_string, 2)