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psnprntf.c
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/*=============================================================================
** psnprintf
**
** Portable snprintf
**
** Amongst other things, tries to always guarantee the buffer will be null-
** terminated, which some implementations do not do.
** =============================================================================
*/
#include <string.h> /* for memset */
#include <stdarg.h> /* for va_list */
#include <stdlib.h> /* for fcvt */
#include "psnprntf.h"
/* Windows stdlib defines fcvt differently <sigh> */
/* haleyjd: not all platforms have fcvt. As a guy on comp.os.msdos.djgpp
* so eloquently put it, this is driving out Baal by invoking
* Beelzebub. So, I've copied DJGPP's (barely) portable fcvt, and it
* can be made to compile by defining NO_FCVT. This is not good, but
* it'll do.
*/
#ifndef NO_FCVT
#ifdef _WIN32
#ifndef CYGWIN
#define FCVT _fcvt
#else
#define FCVT fcvt
#endif
#else
#define FCVT fcvt
#endif
#endif
#ifdef NO_FCVT
#include "m_fcvt.h"
#define FCVT M_Fcvt
#endif
int psnprintf(char *str, size_t n, const char *format, ...) {
va_list args;
int ret;
va_start(args, format);
ret = pvsnprintf(str, n, format, args);
va_end(args);
return ret;
}
enum
{
STATE_NONE = 0,
STATE_OPERATOR = 1, /* Just received % */
STATE_FLAG = 2, /* Just received a flag or prefix or width */
STATE_WIDTH = 3,
STATE_BEFORE_PRECISION = 4, /* just got dot */
STATE_PRECISION = 5, /* got at least one number after dot */
STATE_PREFIX = 6 /* just received prefix (h, l or L) */
};
#define UNKNOWN_WIDTH 0
#define VARIABLE_WIDTH -2
#define UNKNOWN_PRECISION -1
#define VARIABLE_PRECISION -2
/* Following macros give reusable switch cases, used in combination
* depending on current state. Sucks to do these as macros, but should
* give the compiler lots of freedom to optimize.
*/
#define CHECK_FLAG \
case '-': \
info.flags |= FLAG_LEFT_ALIGN; \
state = STATE_FLAG; \
break; \
case '+': \
info.flags |= FLAG_SIGNED; \
state = STATE_FLAG; \
break; \
case '0': \
info.flags |= FLAG_ZERO_PAD; \
state = STATE_FLAG; \
break; \
case ' ': \
info.flags |= FLAG_SIGN_PAD; \
state = STATE_FLAG; \
break; \
case '#': \
info.flags |= FLAG_HASH; \
state = STATE_FLAG; \
break;
#define CHECK_WIDTH \
case '1': \
case '2': \
case '3': \
case '4': \
case '5': \
case '6': \
case '7': \
case '8': \
case '9': \
info.width = *info.fmt - '0'; /* convert to integer */ \
state = STATE_WIDTH; \
break; \
case '*': \
info.width = VARIABLE_WIDTH; \
state = STATE_WIDTH; \
break;
#define CHECK_PRECISION \
case '.': \
info.precision = 0; \
state = STATE_BEFORE_PRECISION; \
break;
#define CHECK_PREFIX \
case 'h': \
case 'l': \
case 'L': \
info.prefix = *info.fmt; \
state = STATE_PREFIX; \
break;
#define GET_VARS \
if (info.width == VARIABLE_WIDTH) \
info.width = va_arg(ap, int); \
if (info.precision == VARIABLE_PRECISION) \
info.precision = va_arg(ap, int);
#define CHECK_TYPE \
case 'd': \
case 'i': \
case 'u': \
case 'o': \
case 'x': \
case 'X': \
case 'p': \
GET_VARS \
if(*info.fmt == 'p') \
ip.p = va_arg(ap, void *); \
else \
ip.i = va_arg(ap, int); \
ncount += pvsnfmt_int(&info, &ip); \
state = STATE_NONE; \
break; \
case 'e': \
case 'E': \
case 'f': \
case 'g': \
case 'G': \
GET_VARS \
ncount += pvsnfmt_double(&info, (double)(va_arg(ap, double))); \
state = STATE_NONE; \
break; \
case 'c': \
GET_VARS \
ncount += pvsnfmt_char(&info, (char)(va_arg(ap, int))); \
state = STATE_NONE; \
break; \
case 's': \
GET_VARS \
ncount += pvsnfmt_str(&info, (const char *)(va_arg(ap, const char *))); \
state = STATE_NONE; \
break; \
case 'n': \
*(va_arg(ap, int *)) = ncount; \
state = STATE_NONE; \
break;
#define PUTCHAR(ch) \
if (n > 1) \
{ \
*info.pinsertion++ = ch; \
n--; \
} \
ncount++;
int pvsnprintf(char *str, size_t n, const char *format, va_list ap) {
/* nmax gives total size of buffer including null
* null is ALWAYS added, even if buffer too small for format
* (contrary to C99)
*/
int ncount = 0; /* number of characters printed so far */
int state = STATE_NONE;
/* haleyjd 08/01/09: rewrite to use structure */
pvsnfmt_vars info;
pvsnfmt_intparm_t ip;
info.pinsertion = str;
info.nmax = n;
info.fmt = format;
info.flags = 0;
info.width = 0;
info.precision = 0;
info.prefix = 0;
while(*info.fmt) {
switch(state) {
case STATE_NONE:
switch(*(info.fmt)) {
case '%':
state = STATE_OPERATOR;
info.flags = FLAG_DEFAULT;
info.width = UNKNOWN_WIDTH;
info.precision = UNKNOWN_PRECISION;
info.prefix = '\0';
break;
default:
PUTCHAR(*(info.fmt))
}
break;
case STATE_OPERATOR:
switch(*(info.fmt)) {
CHECK_FLAG
CHECK_WIDTH
CHECK_PRECISION
CHECK_PREFIX
CHECK_TYPE
default:
PUTCHAR(*info.fmt) /* Unknown format, just print it (e.g. "%%") */
state = STATE_NONE;
}
break;
case STATE_FLAG:
switch(*info.fmt) {
CHECK_FLAG
CHECK_WIDTH
CHECK_PRECISION
CHECK_PREFIX
CHECK_TYPE
}
break;
case STATE_WIDTH:
if(*info.fmt >= '0' && *info.fmt <= '9' && info.width != -1) {
info.width = info.width * 10 + (*info.fmt - '0');
break;
}
switch(*info.fmt) {
CHECK_PRECISION
CHECK_PREFIX
CHECK_TYPE
}
break;
case STATE_BEFORE_PRECISION:
if(*info.fmt >= '0' && *info.fmt <= '9') {
info.precision = *info.fmt - '0';
state = STATE_PRECISION;
}
else if(*info.fmt == '*') {
info.precision = VARIABLE_PRECISION;
state = STATE_PRECISION;
}
switch(*info.fmt) {
CHECK_PREFIX
CHECK_TYPE
}
break;
case STATE_PRECISION:
if(*info.fmt >= '0' && *info.fmt <= '9' && info.precision != -1) {
info.precision = info.precision * 10 + (*info.fmt - '0');
break;
}
switch(*info.fmt) {
CHECK_PREFIX
CHECK_TYPE
}
break;
case STATE_PREFIX:
switch(*info.fmt) {
CHECK_TYPE
}
} /* switch state */
info.fmt++;
} /* while *pfmt */
/* Add null if there is room
* NOTE there is always room even if str doesn't fit unless
* nmax initially passed in as 0. fmt functions take care to
* always leave at least one free byte at end.
*/
if(n > 0) {
*info.pinsertion = '\0';
}
return ncount;
}
int pvsnfmt_char(pvsnfmt_vars *info, char c) {
if(info->nmax > 1) {
*(info->pinsertion) = c;
info->pinsertion += 1;
info->nmax -= 1;
}
return 1;
}
/* strnlen not available on all platforms.. maybe autoconf it? */
size_t pstrnlen(const char *s, size_t count) {
const char *p = s;
while(*p && count-- > 0) {
p++;
}
return p - s;
}
/* Format a string into the buffer. Parameters:
* *&pinsertion Reference to pointer to buffer (can be reference to NULL)
* &nmax Reference to size of buffer. This is may be modified
* fmt Format character ('s')
* flags 0 or combination of flags (see .h file for #defines)
* width Width of string, as defined in printf
* precision Precision of string, as defined in printf
* ap Argument list
*/
int pvsnfmt_str(pvsnfmt_vars *info, const char *s) {
const char *str = s;
int nprinted;
int len;
int pad = 0;
int width, flags;
width = info->width;
flags = info->flags;
/* Get width magnitude, set aligment flag */
if(width < 0) {
width = -width;
flags |= FLAG_LEFT_ALIGN;
}
/* Truncate due to precision */
if(info->precision < 0) {
len = (int)strlen(str);
}
else {
len = (int)pstrnlen(str, info->precision);
}
/* Determine padding length */
if(width > len) {
pad = width - len;
}
/* Exit if just counting (not printing) */
if(info->nmax <= 1) {
return len + pad;
}
/* If right-aligned, print pad */
if(!(flags & FLAG_LEFT_ALIGN)) {
char padchar;
if(flags & FLAG_ZERO_PAD) {
padchar = '0';
}
else {
padchar = ' ';
}
if((int) info->nmax - 1 < pad) {
nprinted = (int)info->nmax - 1;
}
else {
nprinted = pad;
}
memset(info->pinsertion, padchar, nprinted);
info->pinsertion += nprinted;
info->nmax -= nprinted;
}
/* Output string */
if(info->nmax <= 1) {
nprinted = 0;
}
else if((int) info->nmax - 1 < len) {
nprinted = (int)info->nmax - 1;
}
else {
nprinted = len;
}
memcpy(info->pinsertion, str, nprinted);
info->pinsertion += nprinted;
info->nmax -= nprinted;
/* If left aligned, add pad */
if(flags & FLAG_LEFT_ALIGN) {
if(info->nmax <= 1) {
nprinted = 0;
}
else if((int)info->nmax - 1 < pad) {
nprinted = (int)info->nmax - 1;
}
else {
nprinted = pad;
}
memset(info->pinsertion, ' ', nprinted);
info->pinsertion += nprinted;
info->nmax -= nprinted;
}
return len + pad; /* Return total length of pad + string even if some
* was truncated
*/
}
/* Format an integer into the buffer. Parameters:
* *&pinsertion Reference to pointer to buffer (can be reference to NULL)
* &nmax Reference to size of buffer. This is may be modified
* fmt Format character (one of "diuoxX")
* flags 0 or combination of flags (see .h file for #defines)
* width Width of integer, as defined in printf
* precision Precision of integer, as defined in printf
* ap Argument list
*/
int pvsnfmt_int(pvsnfmt_vars *info, pvsnfmt_intparm_t *ip) {
int number = 0;
size_t unumber = 0;
char numbersigned = 1;
char iszero = 0; /* bool */
int base = 10; /* haleyjd: default to something valid */
int len = 0; /* length of number component (no sign or padding) */
char char10 = 0;
char sign = 0;
int widthpad = 0;
int addprefix = 0; /* optional "0x" = 2 */
int totallen;
int temp; /* haleyjd 07/19/03: bug fix */
/* Stack used to hold digits, which are generated backwards
* and need to be popped off in the correct order
*/
char numstack[22]; /* largest 64 bit number has 22 octal digits */
char *stackpos = numstack;
char fmt = *info->fmt;
int flags = info->flags;
int precision = info->precision;
#define PUSH(x) \
*stackpos++ = (char)(x)
#define POP() \
*(--stackpos)
/* haleyjd: init this array for safety */
memset(numstack, 0, sizeof(numstack));
/* Retrieve value */
switch(info->prefix) {
case 'h':
switch(fmt) {
case 'd':
case 'i':
number = (int)(ip->i);
break;
case 'u':
case 'o':
case 'x':
case 'X':
unumber = (size_t)(ip->i);
numbersigned = 0;
break;
case 'p':
unumber = (size_t)(ip->p); /* FIXME: Not x64 friendly */
numbersigned = 0;
}
break;
case 'l':
switch(fmt) {
case 'd':
case 'i':
number = ip->i;
break;
case 'u':
case 'o':
case 'x':
case 'X':
unumber = (size_t)(ip->i);
numbersigned = 0;
break;
case 'p':
unumber = (size_t)(ip->p); /* FIXME: Not x64 friendly */
numbersigned = numbersigned;
}
break;
default:
switch(fmt) {
case 'd':
case 'i':
number = ip->i;
break;
case 'u':
case 'o':
case 'x':
case 'X':
unumber = (size_t)(ip->i);
numbersigned = 0;
break;
case 'p':
unumber = (size_t)(ip->p); /* FIXME: Not x64 friendly */
numbersigned = 0;
}
} /* switch fmt to retrieve number */
if(fmt == 'p') {
fmt = 'x';
flags |= FLAG_HASH;
}
/* Discover base */
switch(fmt) {
case 'd':
case 'i':
case 'u':
base = 10;
break;
case 'o':
base = 8;
break;
case 'X':
base = 16;
char10 = 'A';
break;
case 'x':
base = 16;
char10 = 'a';
}
if(numbersigned) {
if(number < 0) {
/* Deal with negativity */
sign = '-';
number = -number;
}
else if(flags & FLAG_SIGNED) {
sign = '+';
}
else if(flags & FLAG_SIGN_PAD) {
sign = ' ';
}
}
/* Create number */
if(numbersigned) {
if(number == 0) {
iszero = 1;
}
do {
PUSH(number % base);
number /= base;
len++;
}
while(number != 0);
}
else {
if(unumber == 0) {
iszero = 1;
}
do {
PUSH(unumber % base);
unumber /= base;
len++;
}
while(unumber != 0);
}
/* Octal hash character (alternate form) */
if(fmt == 'o' && (flags & FLAG_HASH) && precision <= len &&
precision != 0 && !iszero) {
precision = len + 1;
}
/* Determine width of sign, if any. */
if((fmt == 'x' || fmt == 'X') && (flags & FLAG_HASH) && !iszero) {
addprefix = 2;
}
else if(sign != 0) {
addprefix = 1;
}
/* Make up precision (zero pad on left) */
while(len < precision) {
PUSH(0);
len++;
}
if(len + addprefix < info->width) {
totallen = info->width;
widthpad = info->width - (len + addprefix);
}
else {
totallen = len + addprefix;
}
if(info->nmax <= 1) {
return totallen;
}
/* Write sign or "0x" */
if(flags & FLAG_ZERO_PAD) {
if(addprefix == 2) { /* 0x */
if(info->nmax > 1) {
*(info->pinsertion) = '0';
info->pinsertion += 1;
info->nmax -= 1;
}
if(info->nmax > 1) {
*(info->pinsertion) = fmt;
info->pinsertion += 1;
info->nmax -= 1;
}
}
else if(addprefix == 1) { /* sign */
if(info->nmax > 1) {
*(info->pinsertion) = sign;
info->pinsertion += 1;
info->nmax -= 1;
}
}
}
/* Width pad */
if(!(flags & FLAG_LEFT_ALIGN)) {
/* haleyjd 07/19/03: bug fix: nmax + 1 => nmax - 1 */
if(info->nmax <= 1) {
widthpad = 0;
}
else if((int) info->nmax - 1 < widthpad) {
widthpad = (int)info->nmax - 1;
}
if(flags & FLAG_ZERO_PAD) {
memset(info->pinsertion, '0', widthpad);
}
else {
memset(info->pinsertion, ' ', widthpad);
}
info->pinsertion += widthpad;
info->nmax -= widthpad;
}
/* Write sign or "0x" */
if(!(flags & FLAG_ZERO_PAD)) {
if(addprefix == 2) { /* 0x */
if(info->nmax > 1) {
*(info->pinsertion) = '0';
info->pinsertion += 1;
info->nmax -= 1;
}
if(info->nmax > 1) {
*(info->pinsertion) = fmt;
info->pinsertion += 1;
info->nmax -= 1;
}
}
else if(addprefix == 1) { /* sign */
if(info->nmax > 1) {
*(info->pinsertion) = sign;
info->pinsertion += 1;
info->nmax -= 1;
}
}
}
/* haleyjd 07/19/03: bug fix: nmax + 1 => nmax - 1 */
/* Write number */
if(info->nmax <= 1) {
len = 0;
}
else if((int) info->nmax - 1 < len) {
len = (int)info->nmax - 1;
}
/* haleyjd 07/19/03: bug fix: Do NOT use len as the counter
* variable for this loop. This messes up the length calculations
* afterward, and allows writing off the end of the string buffer.
* Special thanks to schepe for nailing this down.
*/
temp = len;
for(; temp > 0; temp--) {
char n = POP();
if(n <= 9) {
*(info->pinsertion) = n + '0';
info->pinsertion += 1;
}
else {
*(info->pinsertion) = n - 10 + char10;
info->pinsertion += 1;
}
}
info->nmax -= len;
if(flags & FLAG_LEFT_ALIGN) {
/* haleyjd 07/19/03: bug fix: nmax + 1 => nmax - 1 */
if(info->nmax <= 1) {
widthpad = 0;
}
else if((int) info->nmax - 1 < widthpad) {
widthpad = (int)info->nmax - 1;
}
memset(info->pinsertion, ' ', widthpad);
info->pinsertion += widthpad;
info->nmax -= widthpad;
}
return totallen;
}
/*
* WARNING: Assumes 64 bit doubles
*/
typedef union DBLBITS_u {
double D;
struct word_s {
char W0;
unsigned int W1;
} WORDS; /* haleyjd: this must be named */
} DBLBITS;
#define EXP_MASK 0x7FF00000
#define SIGN_MASK 0x80000000
#define MANTISSA_MASK ~(SIGN_MASK | EXP_MASK)
#define QNAN_MASK 0x00080000 /* first bit of mantissa */
/* These functions not defined on all platforms, so
* do the checks manually
* WARNING: Assumes 64-bit IEEE representation
* (so it won't run on your Cray :)
*/
#define ISNAN(x) \
( (((DBLBITS *) &x)->WORDS.W1 & EXP_MASK) == EXP_MASK \
&& ((((DBLBITS *) &x)->WORDS.W1 & MANTISSA_MASK) != 0 || ((DBLBITS *) &x)->WORDS.W0 != 0) )
#define ISQNAN(x) \
( ISNAN(x) && (((DBLBITS *) &x)->WORDS.W1 & QNAN_MASK) )
#define ISSNAN(x) \
( ISNAN(x) && !ISQNAN(x) )
#define ISINF(x) \
( (((DBLBITS *) &x)->WORDS.W1 & EXP_MASK) == EXP_MASK \
&& ((((DBLBITS *) &x)->WORDS.W1 & MANTISSA_MASK) == 0 && ((DBLBITS *) &x)->WORDS.W0 == 0) )
/* Format a double-precision float into the buffer. Parameters:
* *&pinsertion Reference to pointer to buffer (can be reference to NULL)
* &nmax Reference to size of buffer. This is may be modified
* fmt Format character (one of "eEfgG")
* flags 0 or combination of flags (see .h file for #defines)
* width Width of double, as defined in printf
* precision Precision of double, as defined in printf
* ap Argument list
*/
int pvsnfmt_double(pvsnfmt_vars *info, double d) {
int sign = 0;
int dec;
double value = d;
int len;
int pad = 0;
int totallen;
char signchar = 0;
int flags = info->flags;
int width = info->width;
const char fmt = *(info->fmt);
int precision = info->precision;
/* Check for special values first */
const char *special = 0;
if(ISSNAN(value)) {
special = "NaN";
}
else if(ISQNAN(value)) {
special = "NaN";
}
else if(ISINF(value)) {
if(value < 0) {
sign = 1;
}
special = "Inf";
}
if(special) {
totallen = len = (int)strlen(special);
/* Sign (this is silly for NaN but conforming to printf */
if(flags & (FLAG_SIGNED | FLAG_SIGN_PAD) || sign) {
if(sign) {
signchar = '-';
}
else if(flags & FLAG_SIGN_PAD) {
signchar = ' ';
}
else {
signchar = '+';
}
totallen++;
}
/* Padding */
if(totallen < width) {
pad = width - totallen;
}
else {
pad = 0;
}
totallen += pad ;
/* haleyjd 05/07/08: this was forgotten! */
if(info->nmax <= 1) {
return totallen;
}
/* Sign now if zeropad */
if(flags & FLAG_ZERO_PAD && signchar) {
if(info->nmax > 1) {
*(info->pinsertion) = signchar;
info->pinsertion += 1;
info->nmax -= 1;
}
}
/* Right align */
if(!(flags & FLAG_LEFT_ALIGN)) {
if(info->nmax <= 1) {
pad = 0;
}
else if((int) info->nmax - 1 < pad) {
pad = (int)info->nmax - 1;
}
if(flags & FLAG_ZERO_PAD) {
memset(info->pinsertion, '0', pad);
}
else {
memset(info->pinsertion, ' ', pad);
}
info->pinsertion += pad ;
info->nmax -= pad ;
}
/* Sign now if not zeropad */
if(!(flags & FLAG_ZERO_PAD) && signchar) {
if(info->nmax > 1) {
*(info->pinsertion) = signchar;
info->pinsertion += 1;
info->nmax -= 1;
}
}
if(info->nmax <= 0) {
len = 0;
}
else if((int) info->nmax - 1 < len) {
len = (int)info->nmax - 1;
}
memcpy(info->pinsertion, special, len);
info->pinsertion += len;
info->nmax -= len;
/* Left align */
if(flags & FLAG_LEFT_ALIGN) {
if(info->nmax <= 1) {
pad = 0;
}
else if((int) info->nmax - 1 < pad) {
pad = (int)info->nmax - 1;
}
memset(info->pinsertion, ' ', pad);
info->pinsertion += pad ;
info->nmax -= pad ;
}
return totallen;
}
if(fmt == 'f') {
char* digits;
int leadingzeros = 0;
int printdigits; /* temporary var used in different contexts */
if(precision == UNKNOWN_PRECISION) {
precision = 6;
}
digits = FCVT(value, precision, &dec, &sign);
len = (int)strlen(digits);
if(dec > 0) {
totallen = dec;
}
else {
totallen = 0;
}
/* plus 1 for decimal place */
if(dec <= 0) {
totallen += 2; /* and trailing ".0" */
}
else if(precision > 0 || flags & FLAG_HASH) {
totallen += 1;
}
/* Determine sign width (0 or 1) */
if(flags & (FLAG_SIGNED | FLAG_SIGN_PAD) || sign) {
if(sign) {
signchar = '-';
}
else if(flags & FLAG_SIGN_PAD) {
signchar = ' ';
}
else {
signchar = '+';
}
totallen++;
}
/* Determine if leading zeros required */
if(dec <= 0) {
leadingzeros = 1 - dec; /* add one for zero before decimal point (0.) */
}
if(leadingzeros - 1 > precision) {
totallen += precision;
}
else if(len - dec > 0) {
totallen += precision;
}
else {
totallen += leadingzeros;
}
/* Determine padding width */
if(totallen < width) {
pad = width - totallen;
}
totallen += pad;
if(info->nmax <= 1) {
return totallen;
}
/* Now that the length has been calculated, print as much of it
* as possible into the buffer
*/
/* Print sign now if padding with zeros */
if(flags & FLAG_ZERO_PAD && signchar != 0) {
if(info->nmax > 1) {
*(info->pinsertion) = signchar;
info->pinsertion += 1;
info->nmax -= 1;
}
}
/* Print width padding if right-aligned */
if(!(flags & FLAG_LEFT_ALIGN)) {
if(info->nmax <= 1) {
pad = 0;
}
else if((int) info->nmax - 1 < pad) {
pad = (int)info->nmax - 1;
}
if(flags & FLAG_ZERO_PAD) {
memset(info->pinsertion, '0', pad);
}
else {
memset(info->pinsertion, ' ', pad);
}
info->pinsertion += pad;