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<!DOCTYPE html
PUBLIC "-//W3C//DTD XHTML 1.0 Transitional//EN" "http://www.w3.org/TR/xhtml1/DTD/xhtml1-transitional.dtd">
<!-- saved from url=(0038)https://jxzhanggg.github.io/Seq2SeqVC/ -->
<html xmlns="http://www.w3.org/1999/xhtml">
<head>
<meta http-equiv="Content-Type" content="text/html; charset=UTF-8">
<title>TVQVC</title>
<style type="text/css">
</style>
</head>
<body>
<h2><strong>Audio Samples from "TVQVC: Transformer based Vector Quantized Variational Autoencoder with CTC loss for Voice Conversion</strong>"</h2>
<h3>Paper:</h3>
<p>Accepted by Interspeech 2021.</p>
<h3>Authors: </h3>
Ziyi Chen, Pengyuan Zhang
<h3>Abstract: </h3>
Techniques of voice conversion(VC) aim to modify the speaker identity and style of an utterance while preserving the linguistic content.
Although there are lots of VC methods, the state of the art of VC is still cascading automatic speech recognition(ASR) and text-to-speech(TTS).
This paper presents a new structure of vector-quantized autoencoder based on transformer with CTC loss for non-parallel VC,
which inspired by cascading ASR and TTS VC method. Our proposed method combines CTC loss and vector quantization to
get high-level linguistic information without speaker information. Objective and subjective evaluations on the mandarin datasets show
that the converted speech of our proposed model is better than baselines on naturalness, rhythm and speaker similarity.
<p> </p>
<hr>
<p> </p>
<strong>Attention please! <font color="red">Seen utterances</font> mean they appeared in training set. Unseen utterances mean they are in test set.
<font color="blue">MM</font> represents the male of M2VoC Dev set and <font color="blue">MF</font> represents of the female of M2VoC Dev set, they are parallel data.
<font color="blue">Baker</font> represents the female of the databaker open source mandarin dataset.</strong>
<p> </p>
<h3>1. Convert between MM and MF.</h3>
<h4> Convert MF to MM: </h4>
<table border="1">
<tr>
<td width="120px">
</td>
<td colspan="1">
<blockquote>
<p align="center">Seen utterance</p>
</blockquote>
</td>
<td colspan="1">
<blockquote>
<p align="center">Converted results</p>
</blockquote>
</td>
<td colspan="1">
<blockquote>
<p align="center">Unseen utterance</p>
</blockquote>
</td>
<td colspan="1">
<blockquote>
<p align="center">Converted results</p>
</blockquote>
</td>
</tr>
<tr>
<td>
<div align="center">GT</div>
</td>
<td><audio src="wavs/GT/MF-000010.wav" controls="controls">
Your browser does not support the audio tag.
</audio></td>
<td><audio src="wavs/GT/MM-000010.wav" controls="controls">
Your browser does not support the audio tag.
</audio></td>
<td><audio src="wavs/GT/MF-005000.wav" controls="controls">
Your browser does not support the audio tag.
</audio></td>
<td><audio src="wavs/GT/MM-005000.wav" controls="controls">
Your browser does not support the audio tag.
</audio></td>
</tr>
<tr>
<td>
<div align="center">VQVAE</div>
</td>
<td width="149">
<audio src="wavs/GT/MF-000010.wav" controls="controls">
Your browser does not support the audio tag.
</audio>
</td>
<td width="147"><audio src="wavs/baseline/baseline-MF-MM-000010.wav" controls="controls">
Your browser does not support the audio tag.
</audio></td>
<td width="151"><audio src="wavs/GT/MF-005000.wav" controls="controls">
Your browser does not support the audio tag.
</audio></td>
<td width="149"><audio src="wavs/baseline/baseline-MF-MM-005000.wav" controls="controls">
Your browser does not support the audio tag.
</audio></td>
</tr>
<tr>
<td>
<div align="center">PPGVC</div>
</td>
<td width="149">
<audio src="wavs/GT/MF-000010.wav" controls="controls">
Your browser does not support the audio tag.
</audio>
</td>
<td width="147"><audio src="wavs/ppgvc/MF-MM-000010.wav" controls="controls">
Your browser does not support the audio tag.
</audio></td>
<td width="151"><audio src="wavs/GT/MF-005000.wav" controls="controls">
Your browser does not support the audio tag.
</audio></td>
<td width="149"><audio src="wavs/ppgvc/MF-MM-005000.wav" controls="controls">
Your browser does not support the audio tag.
</audio></td>
</tr>
<tr>
<td>
<div align="center">Proposed</div>
</td>
<td width="149">
<audio src="wavs/GT/MF-000010.wav" controls="controls">
Your browser does not support the audio tag.
</audio>
</td>
<td width="147"><audio src="wavs/proposed/proposed-MF-MM-000010.wav" controls="controls">
Your browser does not support the audio tag.
</audio></td>
<td width="151"><audio src="wavs/GT/MF-005000.wav" controls="controls">
Your browser does not support the audio tag.
</audio></td>
<td width="149"><audio src="wavs/proposed/proposed-MF-MM-005000.wav" controls="controls">
Your browser does not support the audio tag.
</audio></td>
</tr>
</table>
<h4> Convert MM to MF: </h4>
<table border="1">
<tr>
<td width="120px">
</td>
<td colspan="1">
<blockquote>
<p align="center">Seen utterance</p>
</blockquote>
</td>
<td colspan="1">
<blockquote>
<p align="center">Converted results</p>
</blockquote>
</td>
<td colspan="1">
<blockquote>
<p align="center">Unseen utterance</p>
</blockquote>
</td>
<td colspan="1">
<blockquote>
<p align="center">Converted results</p>
</blockquote>
</td>
</tr>
<tr>
<td>
<div align="center">GT</div>
</td>
<td><audio src="wavs/GT/MM-000013.wav" controls="controls">
Your browser does not support the audio tag.
</audio></td>
<td><audio src="wavs/GT/MF-000013.wav" controls="controls">
Your browser does not support the audio tag.
</audio></td>
<td><audio src="wavs/GT/MM-004990.wav" controls="controls">
Your browser does not support the audio tag.
</audio></td>
<td><audio src="wavs/GT/MF-004990.wav" controls="controls">
Your browser does not support the audio tag.
</audio></td>
</tr>
<tr>
<td>
<div align="center">VQVAE</div>
</td>
<td width="149">
<audio src="wavs/GT/MM-000013.wav" controls="controls">
Your browser does not support the audio tag.
</audio>
</td>
<td width="147"><audio src="wavs/baseline/baseline-MM-MF-000013.wav" controls="controls">
Your browser does not support the audio tag.
</audio></td>
<td width="151"><audio src="wavs/GT/MM-004990.wav" controls="controls">
Your browser does not support the audio tag.
</audio></td>
<td width="149"><audio src="wavs/baseline/baseline-MM-MF-004990.wav" controls="controls">
Your browser does not support the audio tag.
</audio></td>
</tr>
<tr>
<td>
<div align="center">PPGVC</div>
</td>
<td width="149">
<audio src="wavs/GT/MM-000013.wav" controls="controls">
Your browser does not support the audio tag.
</audio>
</td>
<td width="147"><audio src="wavs/ppgvc/MM-MF-000013.wav" controls="controls">
Your browser does not support the audio tag.
</audio></td>
<td width="151"><audio src="wavs/GT/MM-004990.wav" controls="controls">
Your browser does not support the audio tag.
</audio></td>
<td width="149"><audio src="wavs/ppgvc/MM-MF-004990.wav" controls="controls">
Your browser does not support the audio tag.
</audio></td>
</tr>
<tr>
<td>
<div align="center">Proposed</div>
</td>
<td width="149">
<audio src="wavs/GT/MM-000013.wav" controls="controls">
Your browser does not support the audio tag.
</audio>
</td>
<td width="147"><audio src="wavs/proposed/proposed-MM-MF-000013.wav" controls="controls">
Your browser does not support the audio tag.
</audio></td>
<td width="151"><audio src="wavs/GT/MM-004990.wav" controls="controls">
Your browser does not support the audio tag.
</audio></td>
<td width="149"><audio src="wavs/proposed/proposed-MM-MF-004990.wav" controls="controls">
Your browser does not support the audio tag.
</audio></td>
</tr>
</table>
<p> </p>
<h3>2. Convert MM and MF to Baker.</h3>
<h4>Reference utterances of Baker:</h4>
<table border="1">
<tr>
<td width="120">
<div align="center">Methods</div>
</td>
<td colspan="4">
<p align="center">Reference utterances</p>
</td>
</td>
</tr>
<tr>
<td>
<div align="center">GT</div>
</td>
<td width="169"><audio src="wavs/GT/baker-000005.wav" controls="controls"> Your browser does not
support the audio tag. </audio></td>
<td width="187"><audio src="wavs/GT/baker-000008.wav" controls="controls"> Your browser does not
support the audio tag. </audio></td>
<td width="155"><audio src="wavs/GT/baker-000011.wav" controls="controls"> Your browser does not
support the audio tag. </audio></td>
<td width="157"><audio src="wavs/GT/baker-000013.wav" controls="controls"> Your browser does not
support the audio tag. </audio></td>
</tr>
</table>
<h4>MM to Baker:</h4>
<table border="1">
<tr>
<td width="120">
<div align="center">Methods</div>
</td>
<td colspan="1">
<p align="center">Seen utterance</p>
</td>
<td colspan="1">
<p align="center">Converted results</p>
</td>
<td colspan="1">
<p align="center">Unseen utterance</p>
</td>
<td colspan="1">
<p align="center">Converted results</p>
</td>
</tr>
<tr>
<td>
<div align="center">VQVAE</div>
</td>
<td width="169"><audio src="wavs/GT/MM-000020.wav" controls="controls"> Your browser does not
support the audio tag. </audio></td>
<td width="187"><audio src="wavs/baseline/baseline-MM-baker-000020.wav" controls="controls"> Your browser does not
support the audio tag. </audio></td>
<td width="155"><audio src="wavs/GT/MM-004986.wav" controls="controls"> Your browser does not
support the audio tag. </audio></td>
<td width="157"><audio src="wavs/baseline/baseline-MM-baker-004986.wav" controls="controls"> Your browser does not
support the audio tag. </audio></td>
</tr>
<tr>
<td>
<div align="center">PPGVC</div>
</td>
<td width="169"><audio src="wavs/GT/MM-000020.wav" controls="controls"> Your browser does not
support the audio tag. </audio></td>
<td width="187"><audio src="wavs/ppgvc/MM-baker-000020.wav" controls="controls"> Your browser does not
support the audio tag. </audio></td>
<td width="155"><audio src="wavs/GT/MM-004986.wav" controls="controls"> Your browser does not
support the audio tag. </audio></td>
<td width="157"><audio src="wavs/ppgvc/MM-baker-004986.wav" controls="controls"> Your browser does not
support the audio tag. </audio></td>
</tr>
<tr>
<td>
<div align="center">Proposed</div>
</td>
<td><audio src="wavs/GT/MM-000020.wav" controls="controls"> Your browser does not
support the audio tag. </audio></td>
<td><audio src="wavs/proposed/proposed-MM-baker-000020.wav" controls="controls"> Your browser does not
support the audio tag. </audio></td>
<td><audio src="wavs/GT/MM-004986.wav" controls="controls"> Your browser does not
support the audio tag. </audio></td>
<td><audio src="wavs/proposed/proposed-MM-baker-004986.wav" controls="controls"> Your browser does not
support the audio tag. </audio></td>
</tr>
</table>
<h4>MF to Baker:</h4>
<table border="1">
<tr>
<td width="120">
<div align="center">Methods</div>
</td>
<td colspan="1">
<p align="center">Seen utterance</p>
</td>
<td colspan="1">
<p align="center">Converted results</p>
</td>
<td colspan="1">
<p align="center">Unseen utterance</p>
</td>
<td colspan="1">
<p align="center">Converted results</p>
</td>
</tr>
<tr>
<td>
<div align="center">VQVAE</div>
</td>
<td width="169"><audio src="wavs/GT/MF-000020.wav" controls="controls"> Your browser does not
support the audio tag. </audio></td>
<td width="187"><audio src="wavs/baseline/baseline-MF-baker-000020.wav" controls="controls"> Your browser does not
support the audio tag. </audio></td>
<td width="155"><audio src="wavs/GT/MF-004986.wav" controls="controls"> Your browser does not
support the audio tag. </audio></td>
<td width="157"><audio src="wavs/baseline/baseline-MF-baker-004986.wav" controls="controls"> Your browser does not
support the audio tag. </audio></td>
</tr>
<tr>
<td>
<div align="center">PPGVC</div>
</td>
<td width="169"><audio src="wavs/GT/MF-000020.wav" controls="controls"> Your browser does not
support the audio tag. </audio></td>
<td width="187"><audio src="wavs/ppgvc/MF-baker-000020.wav" controls="controls"> Your browser does not
support the audio tag. </audio></td>
<td width="155"><audio src="wavs/GT/MF-004986.wav" controls="controls"> Your browser does not
support the audio tag. </audio></td>
<td width="157"><audio src="wavs/ppgvc/MF-baker-004986.wav" controls="controls"> Your browser does not
support the audio tag. </audio></td>
</tr>
<tr>
<td>
<div align="center">Proposed</div>
</td>
<td><audio src="wavs/GT/MF-000020.wav" controls="controls"> Your browser does not
support the audio tag. </audio></td>
<td><audio src="wavs/proposed/proposed-MF-baker-000020.wav" controls="controls"> Your browser does not
support the audio tag. </audio></td>
<td><audio src="wavs/GT/MF-004986.wav" controls="controls"> Your browser does not
support the audio tag. </audio></td>
<td><audio src="wavs/proposed/proposed-MF-baker-004986.wav" controls="controls"> Your browser does not
support the audio tag. </audio></td>
</tr>
</table>
<p> </p>
<h3>3. Ablation studies</h3>
<table border="1">
<tr>
<td width="140">
<div align="center">Methods</div>
</td>
<td colspan="2">
<div align="center">MM-to-Baker</div>
</td>
<td colspan="2">
<div align="center">MF-to-Baker</div>
</td>
</tr>
<tr>
<td>
<div align="center"><em>Proposed</em></div>
</td>
<td width="156"><audio src="wavs/abalation/MM-004997.wav" controls="controls"> Your
browser does not support the audio tag. </audio></td>
<td width="153"><audio src="wavs/abalation/proposed-MM-baker-004997.wav" controls="controls"> Your
browser does not support the audio tag. </audio></td>
<td width="149"><audio src="wavs/abalation/MF-004998.wav" controls="controls"> Your
browser does not support the audio tag. </audio></td>
<td width="173"><audio src="wavs/abalation/proposed-MF-baker-004998.wav" controls="controls"> Your
browser does not support the audio tag. </audio></td>
</tr>
<tr>
<td>
<div align="center"><em>-f0</em></div>
</td>
<td width="156"><audio src="wavs/abalation/MM-004997.wav" controls="controls"> Your
browser does not support the audio tag. </audio></td>
<td width="153"><audio src="wavs/abalation/wo-f0-MM-baker-004997.wav" controls="controls"> Your
browser does not support the audio tag. </audio></td>
<td width="149"><audio src="wavs/abalation/MF-004998.wav" controls="controls"> Your
browser does not support the audio tag. </audio></td>
<td width="173"><audio src="wavs/abalation/wo-f0-MF-baker-004998.wav" controls="controls"> Your
browser does not support the audio tag. </audio></td>
</tr>
<tr>
<td>
<div align="center"><em>-vq</em></div>
</td>
<td width="156"><audio src="wavs/abalation/MM-004997.wav" controls="controls"> Your
browser does not support the audio tag. </audio></td>
<td width="153"><audio src="wavs/abalation/wo-vq-MM-baker-004997_generated_e2e.wav" controls="controls"> Your
browser does not support the audio tag. </audio></td>
<td width="149"><audio src="wavs/abalation/MF-004998.wav" controls="controls"> Your
browser does not support the audio tag. </audio></td>
<td width="173"><audio src="wavs/abalation/wo-vq-MF-baker-004998_generated_e2e.wav" controls="controls"> Your
browser does not support the audio tag. </audio></td>
</tr>
</table>
<p>"<em>-f0</em>" represents the proposed model without quantization fundamental frequency.
"<em>-vq</em>" represents the proposed model without vector quantization layer.
We can observe that "<em>-f0</em>" has lower naturalness, and "<em>-vq</em>" has lower speaker similarity.
</p>
<p> </p>
</body>
</html>