action.owl

<?xml version="1.0"?>


<!DOCTYPE rdf:RDF [
    <!ENTITY owl "http://www.w3.org/2002/07/owl#" >
    <!ENTITY owl2 "http://www.w3.org/2006/12/owl2#" >
    <!ENTITY xsd "http://www.w3.org/2001/XMLSchema#" >
    <!ENTITY owl2xml "http://www.w3.org/2006/12/owl2-xml#" >
    <!ENTITY rdfs "http://www.w3.org/2000/01/rdf-schema#" >
    <!ENTITY daml "http://www.daml.org/2001/03/daml+oil#" >
    <!ENTITY rdf "http://www.w3.org/1999/02/22-rdf-syntax-ns#" >
    <!ENTITY action "http://www.estrellaproject.org/lkif-core/action.owl#" >
    <!ENTITY process "http://www.estrellaproject.org/lkif-core/process.owl#" >
    <!ENTITY lkif-top "http://www.estrellaproject.org/lkif-core/lkif-top.owl#" >
    <!ENTITY mereology "http://www.estrellaproject.org/lkif-core/mereology.owl#" >
]>


<rdf:RDF xmlns="http://www.estrellaproject.org/lkif-core/action.owl#"
     xml:base="http://www.estrellaproject.org/lkif-core/action.owl"
     xmlns:owl2xml="http://www.w3.org/2006/12/owl2-xml#"
     xmlns:lkif-top="http://www.estrellaproject.org/lkif-core/lkif-top.owl#"
     xmlns:action="http://www.estrellaproject.org/lkif-core/action.owl#"
     xmlns:xsd="http://www.w3.org/2001/XMLSchema#"
     xmlns:process="http://www.estrellaproject.org/lkif-core/process.owl#"
     xmlns:mereology="http://www.estrellaproject.org/lkif-core/mereology.owl#"
     xmlns:owl2="http://www.w3.org/2006/12/owl2#"
     xmlns:rdfs="http://www.w3.org/2000/01/rdf-schema#"
     xmlns:rdf="http://www.w3.org/1999/02/22-rdf-syntax-ns#"
     xmlns:daml="http://www.daml.org/2001/03/daml+oil#"
     xmlns:owl="http://www.w3.org/2002/07/owl#">
    <owl:Ontology rdf:about="">
        <rdfs:comment rdf:datatype="&xsd;string"
            >Currently this module does not commit to any particular theory on/framework of thematic roles (i.e. subproperties of participant). This has consequences for the detail in which actions are described in this ontology.</rdfs:comment>
        <owl:versionInfo rdf:datatype="&xsd;string"
            >LKIF Core, version 1.1, copyright (C) 2008, the ESTRELLA consortium</owl:versionInfo>
        <owl:versionInfo rdf:datatype="&xsd;string"
            >Partner contributions from the University of Amsterdam (UvA).

Editor:       Rinke Hoekstra (UvA)
Authors:      Rinke Hoekstra (UvA), Alexander Boer (UvA), Kasper van den Berg (UvA)
Contributors: Joost Breuker (UvA)</owl:versionInfo>
        <owl:versionInfo rdf:datatype="&xsd;string"
            >The LKIF-Core ontology, version 1.0, is part of Deliverable 1.4 of the European project for Standardised Transparent Representations in order to Extend Legal Accessibility (ESTRELLA, IST-2004-027665), http://www.estrellaproject.org

The use of this ontology, and the OWL files through which it is distributed, is covered by the GNU Lesser General Public License (LGPL), version 2.1 (http://www.gnu.org/copyleft/lesser.html) in as far as the copyright is not covered by additional restrictions of the ESTRELLA consortium agreement (info@estrellaproject.org). The LGPL license places copyright restrictions on the ontology itself but does not apply these restrictions to software that merely links with concepts defined in the ontology library. Please read the license restrictions before using this work.</owl:versionInfo>
        <owl:versionInfo rdf:datatype="&xsd;string"
            >This module is part of LKIF-Core, version 1.1, part of Deliverable 1.4 of ESTRELLA, IST-2004-027665</owl:versionInfo>
        <owl:imports rdf:resource="http://www.estrellaproject.org/lkif-core/process.owl"/>
    </owl:Ontology>
    


    <!-- 
    ///////////////////////////////////////////////////////////////////////////////////////
    //
    // Object Properties
    //
    ///////////////////////////////////////////////////////////////////////////////////////
     -->

    


    <!-- http://www.estrellaproject.org/lkif-core/action.owl#actor -->

    <owl:ObjectProperty rdf:about="#actor">
        <rdfs:comment rdf:datatype="&xsd;string"
            >Specifies that some participant is an actor in the action.</rdfs:comment>
        <rdfs:domain rdf:resource="#Action"/>
        <rdfs:range rdf:resource="#Agent"/>
        <rdfs:subPropertyOf rdf:resource="&process;participant"/>
    </owl:ObjectProperty>
    


    <!-- http://www.estrellaproject.org/lkif-core/action.owl#actor_in -->

    <owl:ObjectProperty rdf:about="#actor_in">
        <rdfs:comment rdf:datatype="&xsd;string"
            >Specifies that the participant is an actor in some action.</rdfs:comment>
        <rdfs:range rdf:resource="#Action"/>
        <rdfs:domain rdf:resource="#Agent"/>
        <owl:inverseOf rdf:resource="#actor"/>
        <rdfs:subPropertyOf rdf:resource="&process;participant_in"/>
    </owl:ObjectProperty>
    


    <!-- http://www.estrellaproject.org/lkif-core/mereology.owl#direct_part -->

    <owl:ObjectProperty rdf:about="&mereology;direct_part"/>
    


    <!-- http://www.estrellaproject.org/lkif-core/mereology.owl#member -->

    <owl:ObjectProperty rdf:about="&mereology;member"/>
    


    <!-- http://www.estrellaproject.org/lkif-core/mereology.owl#part -->

    <owl:ObjectProperty rdf:about="&mereology;part"/>
    


    <!-- http://www.estrellaproject.org/lkif-core/process.owl#creation -->

    <owl:ObjectProperty rdf:about="&process;creation"/>
    


    <!-- http://www.estrellaproject.org/lkif-core/process.owl#participant -->

    <owl:ObjectProperty rdf:about="&process;participant"/>
    


    <!-- http://www.estrellaproject.org/lkif-core/process.owl#participant_in -->

    <owl:ObjectProperty rdf:about="&process;participant_in"/>
    


    <!-- http://www.estrellaproject.org/lkif-core/process.owl#result_of -->

    <owl:ObjectProperty rdf:about="&process;result_of"/>
    


    <!-- 
    ///////////////////////////////////////////////////////////////////////////////////////
    //
    // Classes
    //
    ///////////////////////////////////////////////////////////////////////////////////////
     -->

    


    <!-- http://www.estrellaproject.org/lkif-core/action.owl#Action -->

    <owl:Class rdf:about="#Action">
        <owl:equivalentClass>
            <owl:Restriction>
                <owl:onProperty rdf:resource="#actor"/>
                <owl:cardinality rdf:datatype="&xsd;nonNegativeInteger">1</owl:cardinality>
            </owl:Restriction>
        </owl:equivalentClass>
        <rdfs:subClassOf rdf:resource="&process;Process"/>
        <rdfs:subClassOf>
            <owl:Restriction>
                <owl:onProperty rdf:resource="#actor"/>
                <owl:allValuesFrom rdf:resource="#Agent"/>
            </owl:Restriction>
        </rdfs:subClassOf>
        <owl:disjointWith rdf:resource="#Plan"/>
        <rdfs:comment rdf:datatype="&xsd;string"
            >An action is a change which is brought about by a single agent, playing a role. The agent is the holder of some indended outcome of the action: an action is always intentional. The intention of the agent has usually corresponds with an expectation the intended outcome to be brought about: the agent believes in some expectation. Note that the intention might not correspond with the *actual* outcome of the action.</rdfs:comment>
    </owl:Class>
    


    <!-- http://www.estrellaproject.org/lkif-core/action.owl#Agent -->

    <owl:Class rdf:about="#Agent">
        <owl:equivalentClass>
            <owl:Restriction>
                <owl:onProperty rdf:resource="#actor_in"/>
                <owl:someValuesFrom rdf:resource="#Action"/>
            </owl:Restriction>
        </owl:equivalentClass>
        <rdfs:subClassOf rdf:resource="&owl;Thing"/>
        <rdfs:subClassOf>
            <owl:Restriction>
                <owl:onProperty rdf:resource="#actor_in"/>
                <owl:allValuesFrom rdf:resource="#Action"/>
            </owl:Restriction>
        </rdfs:subClassOf>
        <rdfs:subClassOf>
            <owl:Restriction>
                <owl:onProperty rdf:resource="&process;participant_in"/>
                <owl:allValuesFrom rdf:resource="&process;Change"/>
            </owl:Restriction>
        </rdfs:subClassOf>
        <owl:disjointWith rdf:resource="&process;Change"/>
        <rdfs:comment rdf:datatype="&xsd;string"
            >An agent is any owl:Thing which can act, i.e. play the &#39;actor&#39; role wrt. an action</rdfs:comment>
        <rdfs:comment rdf:datatype="&xsd;string"
            >It is a holder for propositional attitudes</rdfs:comment>
    </owl:Class>
    


    <!-- http://www.estrellaproject.org/lkif-core/action.owl#Artifact -->

    <owl:Class rdf:about="#Artifact">
        <owl:equivalentClass>
            <owl:Restriction>
                <owl:onProperty rdf:resource="&process;result_of"/>
                <owl:someValuesFrom rdf:resource="#Creation"/>
            </owl:Restriction>
        </owl:equivalentClass>
        <rdfs:subClassOf rdf:resource="&process;Physical_Object"/>
        <owl:disjointWith rdf:resource="#Natural_Object"/>
        <owl:disjointWith rdf:resource="#Person"/>
        <rdfs:comment rdf:datatype="&xsd;string"
            >A physical object created by some person to fulfill a particular purpose</rdfs:comment>
    </owl:Class>
    


    <!-- http://www.estrellaproject.org/lkif-core/action.owl#Collaborative_Plan -->

    <owl:Class rdf:about="#Collaborative_Plan">
        <rdfs:subClassOf rdf:resource="#Plan"/>
        <owl:disjointWith rdf:resource="#Personal_Plan"/>
        <rdfs:comment rdf:datatype="&xsd;string"
            >A collaborative plan is a plan which is shared (and executed) between at least two agents a and b.</rdfs:comment>
        <rdfs:comment rdf:datatype="&xsd;string"
            >NOTE: this definition cannot currently be expressed in OWL</rdfs:comment>
    </owl:Class>
    


    <!-- http://www.estrellaproject.org/lkif-core/action.owl#Creation -->

    <owl:Class rdf:about="#Creation">
        <owl:equivalentClass>
            <owl:Restriction>
                <owl:onProperty rdf:resource="&process;creation"/>
                <owl:minCardinality rdf:datatype="&xsd;nonNegativeInteger">1</owl:minCardinality>
            </owl:Restriction>
        </owl:equivalentClass>
        <rdfs:subClassOf rdf:resource="#Action"/>
        <rdfs:comment rdf:datatype="&xsd;string"
            >An act which results in the creation of some entity/individual</rdfs:comment>
    </owl:Class>
    


    <!-- http://www.estrellaproject.org/lkif-core/action.owl#Natural_Object -->

    <owl:Class rdf:about="#Natural_Object">
        <rdfs:subClassOf rdf:resource="&process;Physical_Object"/>
        <rdfs:comment rdf:datatype="&xsd;string"
            >A natural object is an object not created by man.</rdfs:comment>
    </owl:Class>
    


    <!-- http://www.estrellaproject.org/lkif-core/action.owl#Organisation -->

    <owl:Class rdf:about="#Organisation">
        <owl:equivalentClass>
            <owl:Restriction>
                <owl:onProperty rdf:resource="&mereology;member"/>
                <owl:someValuesFrom rdf:resource="#Person"/>
            </owl:Restriction>
        </owl:equivalentClass>
        <rdfs:subClassOf rdf:resource="#Agent"/>
        <rdfs:subClassOf>
            <owl:Restriction>
                <owl:onProperty rdf:resource="&mereology;member"/>
                <owl:allValuesFrom>
                    <owl:Class>
                        <owl:unionOf rdf:parseType="Collection">
                            <rdf:Description rdf:about="#Organisation"/>
                            <rdf:Description rdf:about="#Person"/>
                        </owl:unionOf>
                    </owl:Class>
                </owl:allValuesFrom>
            </owl:Restriction>
        </rdfs:subClassOf>
        <owl:disjointWith rdf:resource="#Person"/>
        <rdfs:comment rdf:datatype="&xsd;string"
            >An organisation is a group of other organisations or persons which acts &#39;as one&#39;. An organisation can be both formal (i.e. created by law or decree) or informal.</rdfs:comment>
    </owl:Class>
    


    <!-- http://www.estrellaproject.org/lkif-core/action.owl#Person -->

    <owl:Class rdf:about="#Person">
        <rdfs:subClassOf rdf:resource="#Agent"/>
        <rdfs:subClassOf rdf:resource="#Natural_Object"/>
        <rdfs:comment rdf:datatype="&xsd;string"
            >A person is an individual agent. Usually associated with &#39;human being&#39;.</rdfs:comment>
    </owl:Class>
    


    <!-- http://www.estrellaproject.org/lkif-core/action.owl#Personal_Plan -->

    <owl:Class rdf:about="#Personal_Plan">
        <rdfs:subClassOf rdf:resource="#Plan"/>
        <rdfs:comment rdf:datatype="&xsd;string"
            >A personal plan is a plan which is held (and can be executed) by at most one agent.</rdfs:comment>
    </owl:Class>
    


    <!-- http://www.estrellaproject.org/lkif-core/action.owl#Plan -->

    <owl:Class rdf:about="#Plan">
        <owl:equivalentClass>
            <owl:Restriction>
                <owl:onProperty rdf:resource="&mereology;part"/>
                <owl:someValuesFrom rdf:resource="#Action"/>
            </owl:Restriction>
        </owl:equivalentClass>
        <rdfs:subClassOf rdf:resource="&lkif-top;Mental_Object"/>
        <rdfs:subClassOf>
            <owl:Restriction>
                <owl:onProperty rdf:resource="&mereology;part"/>
                <owl:allValuesFrom>
                    <owl:Class>
                        <owl:unionOf rdf:parseType="Collection">
                            <rdf:Description rdf:about="#Action"/>
                            <rdf:Description rdf:about="#Plan"/>
                        </owl:unionOf>
                    </owl:Class>
                </owl:allValuesFrom>
            </owl:Restriction>
        </rdfs:subClassOf>
        <rdfs:comment rdf:datatype="&xsd;string"
            >A plan is a structure of multiple other plans or actions. These can be both sequential or concurrent. Usually a plan is referred to in the context of the intention to act of some agent, however when executed the plan itself comes into effect.</rdfs:comment>
    </owl:Class>
    


    <!-- http://www.estrellaproject.org/lkif-core/action.owl#Reaction -->

    <owl:Class rdf:about="#Reaction">
        <rdfs:subClassOf rdf:resource="#Action"/>
        <rdfs:comment rdf:datatype="&xsd;string"
            >A reaction is an action that is (at least) performed by an agent that has observed some other action (this is an intensional view): Action &lt;-&gt; Reaction</rdfs:comment>
    </owl:Class>
    


    <!-- http://www.estrellaproject.org/lkif-core/action.owl#Trade -->

    <owl:Class rdf:about="#Trade">
        <rdfs:subClassOf rdf:resource="#Transaction"/>
        <rdfs:comment rdf:datatype="&xsd;string"
            >A trade is an exchange of some things between two agents a and b. Consists of two actions A and B where a is the actor of action A and the recipient of action B, and vice versa. Usually these actions are performed concurrently, but these may also be done consequently. The ownership of the things being traded is the requirement/result pair for each action.</rdfs:comment>
    </owl:Class>
    


    <!-- http://www.estrellaproject.org/lkif-core/action.owl#Transaction -->

    <owl:Class rdf:about="#Transaction">
        <rdfs:subClassOf rdf:resource="#Collaborative_Plan"/>
        <rdfs:subClassOf>
            <owl:Restriction>
                <owl:onProperty rdf:resource="&mereology;direct_part"/>
                <owl:allValuesFrom rdf:resource="#Action"/>
            </owl:Restriction>
        </rdfs:subClassOf>
        <rdfs:subClassOf>
            <owl:Restriction>
                <owl:onProperty rdf:resource="&mereology;direct_part"/>
                <owl:cardinality rdf:datatype="&xsd;nonNegativeInteger">2</owl:cardinality>
            </owl:Restriction>
        </rdfs:subClassOf>
        <rdfs:comment rdf:datatype="&xsd;string"
            >A transaction is an exchange or interaction between at least two agents a and b. Consists of two actions A and B where a is the actor of action A and the recipient of action B, and vice versa. Usually these actions are performed concurrently, but these may also be done consequently.</rdfs:comment>
    </owl:Class>
    


    <!-- http://www.estrellaproject.org/lkif-core/lkif-top.owl#Mental_Object -->

    <owl:Class rdf:about="&lkif-top;Mental_Object"/>
    


    <!-- http://www.estrellaproject.org/lkif-core/process.owl#Change -->

    <owl:Class rdf:about="&process;Change">
        <owl:disjointWith rdf:resource="&process;Physical_Object"/>
    </owl:Class>
    


    <!-- http://www.estrellaproject.org/lkif-core/process.owl#Physical_Object -->

    <owl:Class rdf:about="&process;Physical_Object"/>
    


    <!-- http://www.estrellaproject.org/lkif-core/process.owl#Process -->

    <owl:Class rdf:about="&process;Process"/>
    


    <!-- http://www.w3.org/2002/07/owl#Thing -->

    <owl:Class rdf:about="&owl;Thing"/>
</rdf:RDF>