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AWS Regions

Region Code Region Name Availability Zones
us-east-1* N. Virginia us-east-1a us-east-1b us-east-1c us-east-1d us-east-1e
us-east-2 Ohio us-east-2a us-east-2b us-east-2c
us-west-1* N. California us-west-1a us-west-1b us-west-1c
us-west-2 Oregon us-west-2a us-west-2b us-west-2c
eu-west-1 Ireland eu-west-1a eu-west-1b eu-west-1c
eu-central-1 Frankfurt eu-central-1a eu-central-1b
ap-northeast-1* Tokyo ap-northeast-1a ap-northeast-1b ap-northeast-1c
ap-northeast-2 Seoul ap-northeast-2a ap-northeast-2c
ap-southeast-1 Singapore ap-southeast-1a ap-southeast-1b
ap-southeast-2 Sydney ap-southeast-2a ap-southeast-2b ap-southeast-2c
ap-south-1 Mumbai ap-south-1a ap-south-1b
sa-east-1 Sao Paulo sa-east-1a sa-east-1b sa-east-1c

* To ensure that resources are distributed across the Availability Zones for these regions, they may differ for each AWS account. You can run aws ec2 describe-availability-zones --region $REGION to be sure which ones are available to you.

1. AWS Account Creation:

a. Click on below given URL to create a new AWS Account.

https://signin.aws.amazon.com/signin?redirect_uri=https%3A%2F%2Fportal.aws.amazon.com%2Fbilling%2Fsignup%3Fredirect_url%3Dhttps%253A%252F%252Faws.amazon.com%252Fregistration-confirmation%26state%3DhashArgs%2523%26isauthcode%3Dtrue&client_id=arn%3Aaws%3Aiam%3A%3A015428540659%3Auser%2Fawssignupportal&forceMobileApp=0

b. Provide the necessary information as like below screenshot for creating a new account.

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After providing Contact information, provide Debit / Credit Card Information in Payment Information tab. d. On 4th Step, Identity Verification needs to be carried out by typing PIN on your mobile after receiving a call from AWS. e. Choose the Support Plan as Basic and Click to proceed further. f. Sometimes, Account registration would take 24 hours of time and 2Rs INR would be deducted from your bank and it would be credited back to your account.

IAM -> Add user -> Assign groups -> Add permissions & copy the onetime generated

aws_access_key_id = ********** aws_secret_access_key = *************************

AWS CLI commands: https://docs.aws.amazon.com/cli/latest/reference/

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Note: After Sign in, it would prompt to change the password. Provide the new password for this sub account and proceed with next steps.

IAM -> Amazon Resource Name -> through CLI.

create user

aws iam create-user --user-name raj

{ "User": { "Path": "/", "UserName": "raj", "UserId": "*******", "Arn": "arn:aws:iam:::user/raj", "CreateDate": "2021-03-04T17:09:58Z" } }

Create Login credentials

aws iam create-login-profile --generate-cli-skeleton > create-login-profile.json

aws iam create-login-profile --cli-input-json file://create-login-profile.json

{ "LoginProfile": { "UserName": "raj", "CreateDate": "2021-03-04T17:12:02Z", "PasswordResetRequired": true } }

Access Key

aws iam create-access-key --user-name raj

{ "AccessKey": { "UserName": "raj", "AccessKeyId": "", "Status": "Active", "SecretAccessKey": "*", "CreateDate": "2021-03-04T17:10:20Z" } }

Group

aws iam add-user-to-group --user-name raj --group-name AdminAccess

Policy

aws iam attach-user-policy --policy-arn arn:aws:iam:ACCOUNT-ID:aws:policy/AdministratorAccess --user-name Alice (optional)

Note: Dont add user to the policy add user to Group instead.

to list the users

aws iam list-users

{ "Users": [ { "Path": "/", "UserName": "raj", "UserId": "***", "Arn": "arn:aws:iam:::user/raj", "CreateDate": "2021-03-04T17:09:58Z" }, { "Path": "/", "UserName": "sathya", "UserId": "*", "Arn": "arn:aws:iam:::user/sathya", "CreateDate": "2021-03-04T16:57:33Z" } ] }

EC2

EC2 Overview

EC2 instance types

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General Purpose (CPU HDD)

t2(tiny) instance type:

learning & start of development, some basic CPU and memory usage applications

m5(medium) instance type:

more consistent workloads, solid state drives (SSD)

Compute Optimized (CPU SSD)

c5(compute) instance type:

scientific modelling, intensive machine learning, or multiplayer gaming SSD backed

Memory Optimized (CPU SSD)

r4 (RAM) instance type:

in-memory databases, real-time processing of unstructured big data, or Hadoop/Spark clusters

x1e(xtreme) instance type:

full in-memory application or a big data processing engine like Apache Spark or Presto.

Accelerated Computing (GPU)

p3(pictures) instance type:

computational fluid dynamics, computational finance, seismic analysis, speech recognition, autonomous vehicles

Storage Optimized

h1(HDD) instance type:

distributed file systems, network file systems, or data processing applications.

i3(IOPS) instance type:

SSD backed, NoSQL databases, in-memory databases, Elasticsearch

Note: to check a IOPS of a disk run the below commands

sudo hdparm -Tt /dev/sda

/dev/sda: Timing cached reads: 20132 MB in 1.99 seconds = 10092.59 MB/sec Timing buffered disk reads: 564 MB in 3.01 seconds = 187.55 MB/sec

dd if=/dev/zero of=/tmp/output bs=8k count=10k; rm -f /tmp/output

1024+0 records in 1024+0 records out 402653184 bytes (403 MB, 384 MiB) copied, 3.0272 s, 133 MB/s

d2(dense) instance type:

Massively Parallel Processing (MPP), MapReduce and Hadoop distributed computing

Creating, displaying, and deleting Amazon EC2 key pairs

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AWS CLI

to create a keypair

aws ec2 create-key-pair --key-name bestvm-key --query 'KeyMaterial' --output text > bestvm-key.pem

permission change

chmod 400 bestvm-key.pem

list keypairs

aws ec2 describe-key-pairs --key-name bestvm-key

{ "KeyPairs": [ { "KeyPairId": "key-", "KeyFingerprint": "****", "KeyName": "bestvm-key", "Tags": [] } ] }

delete a keypair

aws ec2 delete-key-pair --key-name bestvm-key

Creating, configuring, and deleting security groups for Amazon EC2

create Security Group

aws ec2 create-security-group --group-name ec2-sg --description "Sathya security group"

{ "GroupId": "sg-*******" }

aws ec2 describe-security-groups --group-names ec2-sg

{ "SecurityGroups": [ { "Description": "Sathya security group", "GroupName": "ec2-sg", "IpPermissions": [], "OwnerId": "", "GroupId": "sg-***", "IpPermissionsEgress": [ { "IpProtocol": "-1", "IpRanges": [ { "CidrIp": "0.0.0.0/0" } ], "Ipv6Ranges": [], "PrefixListIds": [], "UserIdGroupPairs": [] } ], "VpcId": "vpc-*****" } ] }

check your ip for CIDR subnetting

curl https://checkip.amazonaws.com

60.243.65.159

create inbound rules ingress & egress

aws ec2 authorize-security-group-ingress --group-id sg-038e0cde087d0c2c6 --protocol tcp --port 22 --cidr 60.243.65.0/24

list security group information

aws ec2 describe-security-groups --group-names ec2-sg

{ "SecurityGroups": [ { "Description": "Sathya security group", "GroupName": "ec2-sg", "IpPermissions": [ { "FromPort": 22, "IpProtocol": "tcp", "IpRanges": [ { "CidrIp": "60.243.65.0/24" } ], "Ipv6Ranges": [], "PrefixListIds": [], "ToPort": 22, "UserIdGroupPairs": [] } ], "OwnerId": "", "GroupId": "sg-*******", "IpPermissionsEgress": [ { "IpProtocol": "-1", "IpRanges": [ { "CidrIp": "0.0.0.0/0" } ], "Ipv6Ranges": [], "PrefixListIds": [], "UserIdGroupPairs": [] } ], "VpcId": "vpc-" } ] }

to delete a security group

aws ec2 delete-security-group --group-id

aws ec2 delete-security-group --group-name

Launching, listing, and terminating Amazon EC2 instances

create a EC2 instance:

aws ec2 run-instances --image-id ami-****** --count 1 --instance-type t2.micro --key-name bestvm-key --security-group-ids sg-******

{ "Groups": [], "Instances": [ { "AmiLaunchIndex": 0, "ImageId": "ami-0eeb03e72075b9bcc", "InstanceId": "i-", "InstanceType": "t2.micro", "KeyName": "bestvm-key", "LaunchTime": "2021-03-04T17:59:43.000Z", "Monitoring": { "State": "disabled" }, "Placement": { "AvailabilityZone": "ap-south-1a", "GroupName": "", "Tenancy": "default" }, "PrivateDnsName": "ip-.ap-south-1.compute.internal", "PrivateIpAddress": "", "ProductCodes": [], "PublicDnsName": "", "State": { "Code": 0, "Name": "pending" }, "StateTransitionReason": "", "SubnetId": "subnet-", "VpcId": "vpc-*****", "Architecture": "x86_64", "BlockDeviceMappings": [], "ClientToken": "", "EbsOptimized": false, "EnaSupport": true, "Hypervisor": "xen", "NetworkInterfaces": [ { "Attachment": { "AttachTime": "2021-03-04T17:59:43.000Z", "AttachmentId": "eni-attach-", "DeleteOnTermination": true, "DeviceIndex": 0, "Status": "attaching" }, "Description": "", "Groups": [ { "GroupName": "ec2-sg", "GroupId": "sg-" } ], "Ipv6Addresses": [], "MacAddress": "", "NetworkInterfaceId": "eni-", "OwnerId": "", "PrivateDnsName": "ip-.ap-south-1.compute.internal", "PrivateIpAddress": "", "PrivateIpAddresses": [ { "Primary": true, "PrivateDnsName": "ip-.ap-south-1.compute.internal", "PrivateIpAddress": "" } ], "SourceDestCheck": true, "Status": "in-use", "SubnetId": "subnet-", "VpcId": "vpc-", "InterfaceType": "interface" } ], "RootDeviceName": "/dev/xvda", "RootDeviceType": "ebs", "SecurityGroups": [ { "GroupName": "ec2-sg", "GroupId": "sg-*******" } ], "SourceDestCheck": true, "StateReason": { "Code": "pending", "Message": "pending" }, "VirtualizationType": "hvm", "CpuOptions": { "CoreCount": 1, "ThreadsPerCore": 1 }, "CapacityReservationSpecification": { "CapacityReservationPreference": "open" }, "MetadataOptions": { "State": "pending", "HttpTokens": "optional", "HttpPutResponseHopLimit": 1, "HttpEndpoint": "enabled" } } ], "OwnerId": "", "ReservationId": "r-***" }

tag & name creation for the ec2 instance

aws ec2 create-tags --resources i-0c254c9fe5f585deb --tags Key=Name,Value=SathyaLinux

list ec2 instances by filtering

aws ec2 describe-instances --filters "Name=instance-type,Values=t2.micro" --query "Reservations[].Instances[].InstanceId"

aws ec2 describe-instances --filters "Name=tag:Name,Values=SathyaLinux"

aws ec2 terminate-instances --instance-ids i-0c254c9fe5f585deb

yet to do

`aws ec2

aws ec2 describe-instances

aws ec2 modify-instance-attribute

aws ec2 start-instances

aws ec2 stop-instances

aws ec2 wait instance-running

aws ec2 wait instance-stopped`