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README.md

File metadata and controls

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ls

list storage

Description

List information about the FILE(s) of the current directory. It sorts the files alphabetically if tags are not specified.

Syntax

ls [OPTIONS/FlAGS] [FILE]

Options/Flags

  • List files one per line.

    $ ls -1

  • List all files, including hidden files.

    $ ls -a

  • List all files in long listing format.

    $ ls -l

  • List all files with trailing directory names and indicating what type files are by putting a slash after directories and a star after executable files

    $ ls -F

  • List all files with long format, permissions, ownership, size and modification date of all files.

    $ ls - la

  • Long formated list sorted by size in descending order.

    $ ls -lS

  • Long formated list sorted by modification date, oldest being first of all files.

    $ ls - ltr

  • List files with size displayed using human-readable units such as KiB, MiB, GiB.

    $ ls -h

  • List directories only.

    $ ls -d */

  • List file entries by column.

    $ ls -C

  • List files with their respective index number.

    $ ls -i

    OR

    $ ls --inode

  • List files by sorting with respect to time, newest first.

    $ ls -t

Exit Status

  • 0 = OK
  • 1 = Minor problem --> can't access a directory/file.
  • 2 = Major problem --> can't access command line arguments.

Author

  • Richard M. Stallman
  • David MacKenzie.

Copyright

Copyright © 2022 Free Software Foundation, Inc. License GPLv3+: GNU GPL version 3 or later. This is free software, you are free to change and redistribute the information. There is NO WARRANTY, to the extent permitted by law.