Course Localisation

##Contents

• Introduction
• How to recreate your course in another language
• Styling localised courses
• Building localised courses
• Resources

##Introduction
With Adapt you can localise your content and engage learners in ways that speak from their native culture. Localisation may involve modifying

• content language
• content data formats used with dates, currency, and units of measure
• content examples, regulations and legal requirements
• visual elements such as graphics, design and layout

Fundamental to localisation is language, so much of the following instruction focuses on providing content in multiple languages. Adapt (v2.0.11) provides two features to support for multiple languages: Export/Import and the Language Picker.

Export/Import

• Adapt provides export and import functionality via the command line. Export commands copy translatable fields into several CSV files to be used in preparing a translation. Import commands load translated content from CSV files matching the export format.
• As of v2.0.11 Adapt provides grunt tasks for export and import of translatable content. These commands are most easily run when using the Adapt framework as a stand-alone development environment.
• Do not confuse this with exporting and importing completed courses. These techniques focus on exporting and importing texts, not entire courses.
• Not all fields are exported for translation. Exported fields are marked as translatable in the plug-in's properties.schema file. Plug-ins that have no properties.schema will have no fields exported for translation.
• Imported content relies on the presence of required plug-ins. The import process does not install plug-ins expected by the various language files.
• Imported files must match the format produced by exporting translatable content.

Language Picker

• The Language Picker (adapt-contrib-languagePicker) is an extension that presents a list of available languages. It allows the learner to choose the language of the course content. The component can be configured to appear before entering the course content and/or while the course is in progress.
• The Language Picker does not create localised content. It must be configured to reflect the languages present in the course root.
• The Language Picker expects that Adapt conventions will be follow, specifically that localised content will be stored in a folder within the course directory and that it use the language code as the name folder.

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How to recreate your course in another language

Overview of language localisation

1. Create course in first language.
2. Export language files.
3. Translate exported files.
4. Import language files.
5. Relink assets if required.
6. Add the Language Picker plug-in.

1. Create your course in the first language.

Finalise the JSON content of your master course. Do not overlook titles that might be hidden in the Drawer or in the alt attribute of images.

2. Export language files.

Note: Only those text fields marked as "translatable" will be exported. Fields are so designated in properties.schema. Read more about Properties Schema.

As of v2.0.11 Adapt provides grunt tasks for export and import of translatable content.

1. Open a command line window (Mac's Terminal, Window's Git Bash or Command Prompt).

2. Navigate to the root of your course to make it the current working directory.

3. Export the translatable fields (course JSON, global ARIA fields, etc.). To export from course/en into a CSV file format, run the following command:
   grunt translate:export --format=csv

   Command model:
   grunt translate:export [--masterLang=xx] [--format=json|raw|csv] [--csvDelimiter=x]

   Command options:
   --masterLang=xx Specifies the existing course language folder to be exported. Defaults to en.
   --format=[json|csv|raw] Specifies the format of exported files. Acceptable values are json, csv, or raw. Defaults to csv.
   --csvDelimiter=x Specifies the delimiter used to separate fields in the CSV tables. Use a character that is unlikely to appear in the content being exported. Defaults to ,.

4. A new folder named "languagefiles" is created with a subfolder named with the value of masterLang. The subfolder contains the following files with names reflecting the format option used with the translate:export command: articles.csv, blocks.csv, components.csv, contentObjects.csv, course.csv, export.json.

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3. Translate exported files.

„Es führen viele Wege zum Ziel“, «il y a plus d'une façon d'accommoder un lapin», and “there's more than one way to skin a cat”, but here's just one way to get you started:

1. Copy the entire folder to keep the exported files together as a group.
2. Open an exported language file, such as components.csv, in a word processing application. While opening, be sure to specify the same field separator that was used during export.
3. Translate each cell in the blank column to its right.
4. When finished translating, delete the column of text in the original language, leaving the remaining two columns side-by-side.
5. When finished translating, save each file as utf-8 in order to accommodate special characters. This is easily done in many word processing applications. It is not possible within Microsoft® Excel. A workaround is to open the file in another program such as Notepad and save it as utf-8 from there.

4. Import language files.

As of v2.0.11 Adapt provides grunt tasks for export and import of translatable content.

1. In the languagefiles folder, create a subfolder named with the language code of the translation language. For example, if the language of your original course is English (course/en) and you are creating a version in German (target language), create a subfolder named "de" (languagefiles/de).

2. Place the translated language files in the newly created subfolder. Files must use these names: articles.xxx, blocks.xxx, components.xxx, contentObjects.xxx, course.xxx. The extension must accurately reflect the file format. Acceptable options are csv, json, or raw. If any of these files is omitted, the original content of the existing masterLang will be copied in its place.

3. Open a command line window (Mac's Terminal, Window's Git Bash or Command Prompt).

4. Navigate to the root of your course to make it the current working directory.

5. Import the translated language files. To import German language files into a project configured with English as its master language, run the following command:
   grunt translate:import --targetLang=de --replace

   Command model:

   grunt translate:import --targetLang=xx [--masterLang=xx] [--format=json|raw|csv] [--csvDelimiter=x] [--replace]
   

   Command options:
   --targetLang=xx Specifies the language of the translated files. Multiple languages not allowed.
   --masterLang=xx Specifies the existing master course language. Defaults to en.
   --format=json|raw|csv Specifies the format of the files being imported. Acceptable values are json, csv, or raw. Defaults to json.
   --csvDelimiter=x Specifies the delimiter used if CSV files are being imported. Defaults to ,.
   --replace Indicates an existing folder named with the value of targetLang should be overwritten with the imported texts. This option does not take a value.

   Note: Only translatable text fields are being imported. The rest of the necessary JSON is copied from the course designated by the value of masterLang.

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5. Relink assets if required.

Assets are not copied into the newly created course when using grunt translate:import. And paths to assets found within the exported course files are not altered either. This allows the developer to choose to maintain a single copy of assets or to copy all or some assets. If any assets are copied into the newly created course, paths to these assets must be updated in the appropriate files. Remember to review your theme's CSS and Less files for paths that need to be updated.

6. Add the Language Picker plug-in.

The value of the _defaultLanguage property in the course/config.json file determines which language is presented to the learner. To pass control to the learner, install adapt-contrib-languagePicker. The Language Picker appears before the course and allows the learner to choose the language of the course.

Note: The languagefiles folder and its contents may be deleted after a successful import.

Styling localised courses

Adapt sets the lang attribute of the HTML element to the proper language code. CSS styles can use the :lang( ) pseudo-class selector to vary styles based on language.

// Example of styles that target the value of the lang attribute  
:lang(de) {
  body {
    font-family: Verdana;
  }
}

:lang(fr) {
  body {
    font-family: Serif;
  }
}

:lang(it) {
  body {
    font-family: monospace;
  }
}

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Building localised courses

By default all language folders are built with the grunt build command. As of v2.0.11 the Adapt framework allows you to specify which languages to build. Use the --languages flag to specify an individual language or a subset of languages separated by a comma. To build just the German and French versions of a course, run the following command:
grunt build --languages=“fr,de”

Resources

• Tag Registry of language codes
• The W3C Internationalization (I18n) Activity