- Writing source code.
- Basic statements and expressions.
- Working with numbers and strings.
- Writing conditional code.
- Increasing your efficiency with functions.
- Working with comments.
- Making decisions in code.
- Troubleshooting errors.
- Learning about other languages.
Top 5 programing languages (2021)
-
Java
-
Python
-
JavaScript
-
C++
-
C#
Variables and data types
Variables:
- Variables cannot be keywords.
- Variable names contains letters, numbers and underscores.
- Spaces are not allowed.
- Variable Names are case-sensitive.
In Python:
cookies = "Sugar"
print(cookies)
>>>Sugar
In Java:
String cookie = "Sugar";
System.out.printIn(cookie);
>>>Sugar
Numbers:
2 + 3
>>>5
Float any number with decimal point. Short for floating-point number (3.44 - 25.97).
Strings can be:
- Letters.
- Numbers.
- Spaces.
- Symbols.
In Python:
message = 'Hi there!'
print(message)
>>>Hi there!
Comments
# your comment goes here
Conditional Code Any expression that breaks down to either true or false.
is 4 equal to 2 * 2 => True
print("Hi!")
name = input("What's your name? ")
print("It's nice to meet you,", name)
answer = input("Are you enjoying the course? ")
if answer == "Yes":
print("That's good to hear!")
print("Final statement")
Relational operators
operator1 == operator2 => True/False
Symbol | Operation | Examples |
---|---|---|
== | Equal to | 3 == 3 //True |
!= | Not equal to | 3 != 3 //False |
< | Less than | 3 < 4 //Ture |
> | Greater than | 3 > 4 //False |
>= | Greater than or equal to | 3 >= 3 //True |
<= | Less than or equal to | 3 <= 4 //True |
Simple Conditions using if statement:
if condition:
do something
else:
do something else
example in python:
plant = "Irises"
if plant == "Cacti":
print(plant, "don't need a lot of water")
else:
print(plant, "love water")
print("Thanks!")
Functions a group of code. To run the code in a function, you must call the function.
def say_hello():
print("Hello, friends!")
say_hello()
say_hello()
say_hello()
Functions Parameters and Arguments:
-
function_name( parameters )
-
function_call( arguments )
def wash_car(amount_paid):
if (amount_paid == 12):
print("Wash with tri-color foam")
print("Rinse twice")
print("Dry with large blow dryer")
if (amount_paid == 6):
print("Wash with white foam")
print("Rinse once")
print("Air dry")
wash_car(6)
return
statement consists of the return keyword and the value that the function should return.
def withdraw_money(current_balance, amount):
if (current_balance >= amount):
current_balance = current_balance - amount
return current_balance
balance = withdraw_money(100, 80)
if (balance <= 50):
print("We need to make a deposit")
else:
print("Nothing to see here!")
ex. Function In Kotlin:
fun checkGrade(grade: String) {
if(grade == "A")
printIn("You aced the class!")
}
Course Link: Programming Foundations: Fundamentals