ARROW-10871: [Julia][CI] Setup Julia testing via Github Actions

Closes #8885 from quinnj/jq/ARROW-10871

Authored-by: Jacob Quinn <quinn.jacobd@gmail.com>
Signed-off-by: Sutou Kouhei <kou@clear-code.com>

Author: quinnj

.github/workflows/julia.yml

@@ -0,0 +1,53 @@
+# Licensed to the Apache Software Foundation (ASF) under one
+# or more contributor license agreements.  See the NOTICE file
+# distributed with this work for additional information
+# regarding copyright ownership.  The ASF licenses this file
+# to you under the Apache License, Version 2.0 (the
+# "License"); you may not use this file except in compliance
+# with the License.  You may obtain a copy of the License at
+#
+#   http://www.apache.org/licenses/LICENSE-2.0
+#
+# Unless required by applicable law or agreed to in writing,
+# software distributed under the License is distributed on an
+# "AS IS" BASIS, WITHOUT WARRANTIES OR CONDITIONS OF ANY
+# KIND, either express or implied.  See the License for the
+# specific language governing permissions and limitations
+# under the License.
+
+name: Julia
+on:
+  push:
+    paths:
+      - '.github/workflows/julia.yml'
+      - 'julia/**'
+  pull_request:
+    paths:
+      - '.github/workflows/julia.yml'
+      - 'julia/**'
+
+jobs:
+  test:
+    name: AMD64 ${{ matrix.os }} Julia ${{ matrix.version }}
+    env:
+      JULIA_NUM_THREADS: 2
+    runs-on: ${{ matrix.os }}
+    strategy:
+      fail-fast: false
+      matrix:
+        version:
+          - '1.3'
+          - '1' # automatically expands to the latest stable 1.x release of Julia
+          - 'nightly'
+        os:
+          - ubuntu-latest
+          - windows-latest
+    steps:
+      - uses: actions/checkout@v2
+      - uses: julia-actions/setup-julia@v1
+        with:
+          version: ${{ matrix.version }}
+          arch: x64
+      - uses: julia-actions/julia-runtest@v1
+        with:
+          project: julia/Arrow