[SPARK-42318][SPARK-42319][SQL] Assign name to _LEGACY_ERROR_TEMP_(2123|2125)

### What changes were proposed in this pull request?

This PR proposes to assign name to _LEGACY_ERROR_TEMP_2123 and _LEGACY_ERROR_TEMP_2125, "CANNOT_MERGE_INCOMPATIBLE_DATA_TYPE".

### Why are the changes needed?

We should assign proper name to _LEGACY_ERROR_TEMP_*

### Does this PR introduce _any_ user-facing change?

No

### How was this patch tested?

`./build/sbt "sql/testOnly org.apache.spark.sql.SQLQueryTestSuite*`

Closes #39891 from itholic/LEGACY_2125.

Authored-by: itholic <haejoon.lee@databricks.com>
Signed-off-by: Max Gekk <max.gekk@gmail.com>
(cherry picked from commit b11fba0)
Signed-off-by: Max Gekk <max.gekk@gmail.com>

Author: itholic

core/src/main/resources/error/error-classes.json

@@ -76,6 +76,12 @@
       "Could not load Protobuf class with name <protobufClassName>. <explanation>."
     ]
   },
+  "CANNOT_MERGE_INCOMPATIBLE_DATA_TYPE" : {
+    "message" : [
+      "Failed to merge incompatible data types <left> and <right>."
+    ],
+    "sqlState" : "42825"
+  },
   "CANNOT_MODIFY_CONFIG" : {
     "message" : [
       "Cannot modify the value of the Spark config: <key>.",
@@ -4183,21 +4189,11 @@
       "Failed parsing <simpleString>: <raw>."
     ]
   },
-  "_LEGACY_ERROR_TEMP_2123" : {
-    "message" : [
-      "Failed to merge fields '<leftName>' and '<rightName>'. <message>"
-    ]
-  },
   "_LEGACY_ERROR_TEMP_2124" : {
     "message" : [
       "Failed to merge decimal types with incompatible scale <leftScale> and <rightScale>."
     ]
   },
-  "_LEGACY_ERROR_TEMP_2125" : {
-    "message" : [
-      "Failed to merge incompatible data types <leftCatalogString> and <rightCatalogString>."
-    ]
-  },
   "_LEGACY_ERROR_TEMP_2126" : {
     "message" : [
       "Unsuccessful attempt to build maps with <size> elements due to exceeding the map size limit <maxRoundedArrayLength>."

sql/catalyst/src/main/scala/org/apache/spark/sql/errors/QueryExecutionErrors.scala

@@ -1291,16 +1291,6 @@ private[sql] object QueryExecutionErrors extends QueryErrorsBase {
       messageParameters = Map("simpleString" -> StructType.simpleString, "raw" -> raw))
   }
 
-  def failedMergingFieldsError(leftName: String, rightName: String, e: Throwable): Throwable = {
-    new SparkException(
-      errorClass = "_LEGACY_ERROR_TEMP_2123",
-      messageParameters = Map(
-        "leftName" -> leftName,
-        "rightName" -> rightName,
-        "message" -> e.getMessage),
-      cause = null)
-  }
-
   def cannotMergeDecimalTypesWithIncompatibleScaleError(
       leftScale: Int, rightScale: Int): Throwable = {
     new SparkException(
@@ -1313,10 +1303,10 @@ private[sql] object QueryExecutionErrors extends QueryErrorsBase {
 
   def cannotMergeIncompatibleDataTypesError(left: DataType, right: DataType): Throwable = {
     new SparkException(
-      errorClass = "_LEGACY_ERROR_TEMP_2125",
+      errorClass = "CANNOT_MERGE_INCOMPATIBLE_DATA_TYPE",
       messageParameters = Map(
-        "leftCatalogString" -> left.catalogString,
-        "rightCatalogString" -> right.catalogString),
+        "left" -> toSQLType(left),
+        "right" -> toSQLType(right)),
       cause = null)
   }
 

sql/catalyst/src/main/scala/org/apache/spark/sql/types/StructType.scala

@@ -612,7 +612,8 @@ object StructType extends AbstractDataType {
                   nullable = leftNullable || rightNullable)
               } catch {
                 case NonFatal(e) =>
-                  throw QueryExecutionErrors.failedMergingFieldsError(leftName, rightName, e)
+                  throw QueryExecutionErrors.cannotMergeIncompatibleDataTypesError(
+                    leftType, rightType)
               }
             }
             .orElse {

sql/catalyst/src/test/scala/org/apache/spark/sql/types/DataTypeSuite.scala

@@ -157,11 +157,9 @@ class DataTypeSuite extends SparkFunSuite {
       exception = intercept[SparkException] {
         left.merge(right)
       },
-      errorClass = "_LEGACY_ERROR_TEMP_2123",
-      parameters = Map(
-        "leftName" -> "b",
-        "rightName" -> "b",
-        "message" -> "Failed to merge incompatible data types float and bigint.")
+      errorClass = "CANNOT_MERGE_INCOMPATIBLE_DATA_TYPE",
+      parameters = Map("left" -> "\"FLOAT\"", "right" -> "\"BIGINT\""
+      )
     )
   }
 

sql/catalyst/src/test/scala/org/apache/spark/sql/types/StructTypeSuite.scala

@@ -434,15 +434,21 @@ class StructTypeSuite extends SparkFunSuite with SQLHelper {
 
     // Invalid merge cases:
 
-    var e = intercept[SparkException] {
-      StructType.fromDDL("c1 DECIMAL(10, 5)").merge(StructType.fromDDL("c1 DECIMAL(12, 2)"))
-    }
-    assert(e.getMessage.contains("Failed to merge decimal types"))
+    checkError(
+      exception = intercept[SparkException] {
+        StructType.fromDDL("c1 DECIMAL(10, 5)").merge(StructType.fromDDL("c1 DECIMAL(12, 2)"))
+      },
+      errorClass = "CANNOT_MERGE_INCOMPATIBLE_DATA_TYPE",
+      parameters = Map("left" -> "\"DECIMAL(10,5)\"", "right" -> "\"DECIMAL(12,2)\"")
+    )
 
-    e = intercept[SparkException] {
-      StructType.fromDDL("c1 DECIMAL(12, 5)").merge(StructType.fromDDL("c1 DECIMAL(12, 2)"))
-    }
-    assert(e.getMessage.contains("Failed to merge decimal types"))
+    checkError(
+      exception = intercept[SparkException] {
+        StructType.fromDDL("c1 DECIMAL(12, 5)").merge(StructType.fromDDL("c1 DECIMAL(12, 2)"))
+      },
+      errorClass = "CANNOT_MERGE_INCOMPATIBLE_DATA_TYPE",
+      parameters = Map("left" -> "\"DECIMAL(12,5)\"", "right" -> "\"DECIMAL(12,2)\"")
+    )
   }
 
   test("SPARK-39143: Test parsing default column values out of struct types") {

sql/core/src/test/scala/org/apache/spark/sql/execution/datasources/orc/OrcSourceSuite.scala

@@ -448,14 +448,18 @@ abstract class OrcSuite
           spark.read.orc(basePath).columns.length
         }.getCause
 
-        val innerMessage = orcImp match {
-          case "native" => exception.getMessage
-          case "hive" => exception.getCause.getMessage
+        val innerException = orcImp match {
+          case "native" => exception
+          case "hive" => exception.getCause
           case impl =>
             throw new UnsupportedOperationException(s"Unknown ORC implementation: $impl")
         }
 
-        assert(innerMessage.contains("Failed to merge incompatible data types"))
+        checkError(
+          exception = innerException.asInstanceOf[SparkException],
+          errorClass = "CANNOT_MERGE_INCOMPATIBLE_DATA_TYPE",
+          parameters = Map("left" -> "\"BIGINT\"", "right" -> "\"STRING\"")
+        )
       }
 
       // it is ok if no schema merging