feat: add TypeCastExpr class

[apkrelling]

Pull Request description

This PR adds TypeCastExpr class.
This PR is an attempt to solve #110 .

• added new ASTKind's
• created TypeCastExpr classes
• updated __init__.py to include the new imports and classes in the__all__ list
• added the new class visit method in transpilers/python.py
• added test in tests/transpilers/test_python.py
• added test in tests/test_types.py

How to test these changes

from astx.datatypes import Int32
from astx.types import TypeCastExpr
from astx.variables import Variable
from astx.transpilers import python as astx2py 

# Expression to cast
expr = Variable(name="x")

# Target type for casting
target_type = Int32()

# Create the TypeCastExpr
cast_expr = TypeCastExpr(expr=expr, target_type=target_type)

cast_expr.get_struct()
cast_expr

# Initialize the generator
generator = astx2py.ASTxPythonTranspiler()

# Generate Python code
generated_code = generator.visit(cast_expr)
print(generated_code)

Pull Request checklists

This PR is a:

• bug-fix
• new feature
• maintenance

About this PR:

• it includes tests.
• the tests are executed on CI.
• the tests generate log file(s) (path).
• pre-commit hooks were executed locally.
• this PR requires a project documentation update.

Author's checklist:

• I have reviewed the changes and it contains no misspelling.
• The code is well commented, especially in the parts that contain more
  complexity.
• New and old tests passed locally.

[apkrelling]

TO-DO:

• maybe add more tests
• maybe add more transpiler tests
• verify the AST representation in png and ascii (below)

[apkrelling]

Below are the ascii and png AST reprs for

from astx.types import TypeCastExpr
from astx.datatypes import Int32
from astx.variables import Variable

# Expression to cast
expr = Variable(name="x")

# Target type for casting
target_type = Int32()

# Create the TypeCastExpr
cast_expr = TypeCastExpr(expr=expr, target_type=target_type)
cast_expr

The difference is due to modifications in the get_struct() method.

Case 1:

def get_struct(self, simplified: bool = False) -> ReprStruct:
    """Return the AST structure of the TypeCast expression."""
    key = "TypeCastExpr"
    value: ReprStruct = {
        "expression": self.expr.get_struct(simplified=True),
        "target_type": self.target_type.get_struct(simplified=True),
    }

    return self._prepare_struct(key, value, simplified)

Case 2:

def get_struct(self, simplified: bool = False) -> ReprStruct:
    """Return the AST structure of the TypeCast expression."""
    key = "TypeCastExpr"
    value: ReprStruct = {
        "expression": self.expr.get_struct(),
        "target_type": self.target_type.get_struct(),
    }

    return self._prepare_struct(key, value, simplified)

[apkrelling]

new AST repr, for both png and ascii:

from astx.types import TypeCastExpr
from astx.datatypes import Int32
from astx.variables import Variable

# Expression to cast
expr = Variable(name="x")

# Target type for casting
target_type = Int32()

# Create the TypeCastExpr
cast_expr = TypeCastExpr(expr=expr, target_type=target_type)
cast_expr

• folders to be removed from cache were added in the .makim.yaml file.
• TypeHintWarning: Cannot resolve forward reference 'astx.base.Undefined' still happening (TypeHintWaring when calling get_struct() method #129 )

[xmnlab]

I will fix the linter issue in a follow up PR

[xmnlab]

thanks for working on that @apkrelling !

[github-actions]

🎉 This PR is included in version 0.16.0 🎉

The release is available on:

• 0.16.0
• GitHub release

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