On time, on budget, with all of the specified features and functions
具有預算,所有指定的特徵和功能
Cancelled before they were completed
在完成之前取消
delivered and operational but over-budget, over-schedule or with fewer features and functions than
已交付並投入運營,但預算超支,計劃過度或特徵和功能少於
About US$250 billions spent per year in the US on application development Out of this, about US$140 billions wasted due to the projects getting abandoned or reworked; this in turn because of not following best practices and standards
每年在美國花費約2500億美元用於應用程序開發
其中,由於項目被放棄或重做,浪費了約1400億美元。
這又是因為未遵循最佳做法和標準
- 10% of client/server apps are abandoned or restarted from scratch
- 20% of apps are significantly altered to avoid disaster
- 40% of apps are delivered significantly late
-10%的客戶端/服務器應用被放棄或從頭開始重啟
-為避免災難,對20%的應用程序進行了重大更改
-40%的應用交付時間明顯晚
- Software products:
- fail to meet user requirements
- crash frequently
- expensive
- difficult to alter, debug, enhance
- often delivered late
- use resources non-optimally
-軟件產品:
-無法滿足用戶要求
-經常崩潰
-昂貴
-難以更改,調試,增強
-經常遲到
-非最佳地使用資源
- Misconception on software development
- Software myths, e.g., the man-month myth
- False assumptions
- Not distinguishing the coding of a computer program from the development of a software product
- Software programs have exponential growth in complexity and difficulty level with respect to size.
- The ad hoc approach breaks down when size of software increases.
-對軟件開發的誤解
-軟件神話,例如人工月神話
-錯誤的假設
-不區分計算機程序的編碼和軟件產品的開發
-軟件程序的複雜度和難度在規模上呈指數增長。
-當軟件大小增加時,臨時方法會失效。
- Software professionals lack engineering training
- Programmers have skills for programming but without the engineering mindset about a process discipline
- Internal complexities
- Essences and accidents made by Fred. Brooks
-軟件專業人員缺乏工程培訓
-程序員具有編程技能,但沒有關於流程學科的工程思想
-內部複雜性
-Fred的要點和意外。布魯克斯
1.軟件項目由於以下原因而失敗。
a)軟件神話
b)錯誤的假設
c)只專注於編碼
d)以上所有
2.臨時設計
非常大, 即使軟件變為複雜。
3.不同的利益相關者對衛星軟件產品可能有不同的看法。