11[
22 {
3- "question" : " Which of the following are common version control systems? (Select all that apply)" ,
3+ "question" : " Which early design is often regarded as the first programmable mechanical computer?" ,
4+ "type" : " multiple_choice" ,
5+ "answers" : [
6+ {
7+ "answer" : " Charles Babbage's Analytical Engine" ,
8+ "correct" : true ,
9+ "feedback" : " Babbage's Analytical Engine introduced the concept of a general-purpose programmable machine."
10+ },
11+ {
12+ "answer" : " ENIAC" ,
13+ "correct" : false ,
14+ "feedback" : " ENIAC was programmable but electronic; it arrived a century after Babbage's plans."
15+ },
16+ {
17+ "answer" : " UNIVAC I" ,
18+ "correct" : false ,
19+ "feedback" : " UNIVAC I was an early commercial computer but not the first programmable design."
20+ }
21+ ]
22+ },
23+ {
24+ "question" : " Which milestones significantly advanced early computing? (Select all that apply)" ,
425 "type" : " many_choice" ,
526 "answers" : [
627 {
7- "answer" : " Git " ,
28+ "answer" : " Konrad Zuse's Z3 electromechanical computer in 1941 " ,
829 "correct" : true ,
9- "feedback" : " Yes \u2014 Git is widely used ."
30+ "feedback" : " Zuse's Z3 is considered the first programmable, fully automatic digital computer ."
1031 },
1132 {
12- "answer" : " Mercurial " ,
33+ "answer" : " The invention of the transistor at Bell Labs in 1947 " ,
1334 "correct" : true ,
14- "feedback" : " Correct \u2014 Mercurial is another VCS ."
35+ "feedback" : " Transistors replaced vacuum tubes and enabled smaller, faster computers ."
1536 },
1637 {
17- "answer" : " Dropbox" ,
38+ "answer" : " The first magnetic core memory in the 1950s" ,
39+ "correct" : true ,
40+ "feedback" : " Core memory provided reliable random-access storage and remained dominant for years."
41+ },
42+ {
43+ "answer" : " The creation of the telegraph in the 1840s" ,
1844 "correct" : false ,
19- "feedback" : " Not a VCS \u2014 it's a file sync service."
45+ "feedback" : " While important for communications, the telegraph was not a direct computing milestone."
46+ }
47+ ]
48+ },
49+ {
50+ "question" : " Who is widely credited with writing the first published algorithm intended for a computing machine?" ,
51+ "type" : " multiple_choice" ,
52+ "answers" : [
53+ {
54+ "answer" : " Ada Lovelace" ,
55+ "correct" : true ,
56+ "feedback" : " Ada Lovelace's notes on the Analytical Engine included what is considered the first algorithm."
57+ },
58+ {
59+ "answer" : " Grace Hopper" ,
60+ "correct" : false ,
61+ "feedback" : " Grace Hopper pioneered compilers and COBOL decades later."
2062 },
2163 {
22- "answer" : " Subversion (SVN)" ,
64+ "answer" : " Alan Turing" ,
65+ "correct" : false ,
66+ "feedback" : " Alan Turing founded theoretical computer science but not the first published algorithm."
67+ }
68+ ]
69+ },
70+ {
71+ "question" : " What does a central processing unit (CPU) primarily do?" ,
72+ "type" : " multiple_choice" ,
73+ "answers" : [
74+ {
75+ "answer" : " Fetches, decodes, and executes instructions" ,
76+ "correct" : true ,
77+ "feedback" : " The CPU runs the instruction cycle to execute program operations."
78+ },
79+ {
80+ "answer" : " Stores long-term files and documents" ,
81+ "correct" : false ,
82+ "feedback" : " Long-term storage is handled by devices like SSDs or hard drives."
83+ },
84+ {
85+ "answer" : " Manages wireless network connections" ,
86+ "correct" : false ,
87+ "feedback" : " Networking tasks are handled by network interfaces and supporting software."
88+ }
89+ ]
90+ },
91+ {
92+ "question" : " Which statements describe key duties of an operating system? (Select all that apply)" ,
93+ "type" : " many_choice" ,
94+ "answers" : [
95+ {
96+ "answer" : " Managing hardware resources such as CPU time and memory" ,
2397 "correct" : true ,
24- "feedback" : " Right \u2014 SVN is a centralized VCS."
98+ "feedback" : " Resource management is a central role of any operating system."
99+ },
100+ {
101+ "answer" : " Providing services for running user applications" ,
102+ "correct" : true ,
103+ "feedback" : " Operating systems supply APIs and system calls that applications rely on."
104+ },
105+ {
106+ "answer" : " Compiling source code into machine code" ,
107+ "correct" : false ,
108+ "feedback" : " Compilers perform code translation; they may run on the OS but are not part of it."
109+ },
110+ {
111+ "answer" : " Rendering graphics for video games" ,
112+ "correct" : false ,
113+ "feedback" : " Graphics rendering is handled by GPUs and game engines, not core OS responsibilities."
25114 }
26115 ]
27116 },
28117 {
29- "question" : " In Git, what does `git clone` do ?" ,
118+ "question" : " Which programming language popularized the concept of object-oriented programming for mainstream developers in the 1980s and 1990s ?" ,
30119 "type" : " multiple_choice" ,
31120 "answers" : [
32121 {
33- "answer" : " Creates a new empty repository" ,
122+ "answer" : " C++" ,
123+ "correct" : true ,
124+ "feedback" : " C++ brought object-oriented paradigms to a broad audience while remaining close to C."
125+ },
126+ {
127+ "answer" : " FORTRAN" ,
128+ "correct" : false ,
129+ "feedback" : " FORTRAN focuses on scientific computing and predates mainstream OOP adoption."
130+ },
131+ {
132+ "answer" : " COBOL" ,
133+ "correct" : false ,
134+ "feedback" : " COBOL was designed for business data processing, not object-oriented programming."
135+ }
136+ ]
137+ },
138+ {
139+ "question" : " What philosophy inspired the creation of the UNIX operating system in the early 1970s?" ,
140+ "type" : " multiple_choice" ,
141+ "answers" : [
142+ {
143+ "answer" : " Simple tools that do one job well and can be combined" ,
144+ "correct" : true ,
145+ "feedback" : " The UNIX philosophy emphasizes modular, composable utilities."
146+ },
147+ {
148+ "answer" : " Strictly graphical user interfaces for all tasks" ,
149+ "correct" : false ,
150+ "feedback" : " Early UNIX systems were text-based and centered on the command line."
151+ },
152+ {
153+ "answer" : " Monolithic applications that handle every workflow" ,
154+ "correct" : false ,
155+ "feedback" : " UNIX encourages many small programs rather than a single monolithic one."
156+ }
157+ ]
158+ },
159+ {
160+ "question" : " Which of the following are examples of high-level programming languages? (Select all that apply)" ,
161+ "type" : " many_choice" ,
162+ "answers" : [
163+ {
164+ "answer" : " Python" ,
165+ "correct" : true ,
166+ "feedback" : " Python is a high-level language with dynamic typing and rich libraries."
167+ },
168+ {
169+ "answer" : " C" ,
170+ "correct" : true ,
171+ "feedback" : " C is higher level than assembly, providing abstractions like functions and data types."
172+ },
173+ {
174+ "answer" : " Machine language" ,
175+ "correct" : false ,
176+ "feedback" : " Machine language is low-level binary instructions executed directly by hardware."
177+ },
178+ {
179+ "answer" : " Assembly language" ,
180+ "correct" : false ,
181+ "feedback" : " Assembly is a low-level language closely tied to processor instruction sets."
182+ }
183+ ]
184+ },
185+ {
186+ "question" : " What does it mean when software is described as open source?" ,
187+ "type" : " multiple_choice" ,
188+ "answers" : [
189+ {
190+ "answer" : " Its source code is available for anyone to inspect, modify, and distribute under a license" ,
191+ "correct" : true ,
192+ "feedback" : " Open-source licenses grant users the freedom to study, change, and share the software."
193+ },
194+ {
195+ "answer" : " It can be downloaded without paying a fee" ,
34196 "correct" : false ,
35- "feedback" : " That's `git init` ."
197+ "feedback" : " Free to download does not guarantee the freedoms of open-source licensing ."
36198 },
37199 {
38- "answer" : " Copies a remote repository to your machine" ,
200+ "answer" : " It comes preinstalled on every computer" ,
201+ "correct" : false ,
202+ "feedback" : " Availability on all computers is unrelated to open-source status."
203+ }
204+ ]
205+ },
206+ {
207+ "question" : " Which advantages do compiled languages commonly offer? (Select all that apply)" ,
208+ "type" : " many_choice" ,
209+ "answers" : [
210+ {
211+ "answer" : " Programs can run faster after compilation" ,
212+ "correct" : true ,
213+ "feedback" : " Compiled languages translate code to machine instructions ahead of time for performance."
214+ },
215+ {
216+ "answer" : " Syntax errors are often caught before the program runs" ,
39217 "correct" : true ,
40- "feedback" : " Correct \u2014 `git clone` downloads a repo."
218+ "feedback" : " Compilers detect many syntax issues during the build process."
219+ },
220+ {
221+ "answer" : " Applications can only run on the programmer's machine" ,
222+ "correct" : false ,
223+ "feedback" : " Compiled binaries can be distributed to other machines with compatible architectures."
41224 },
42225 {
43- "answer" : " Saves your current changes " ,
226+ "answer" : " Source code always remains secret " ,
44227 "correct" : false ,
45- "feedback" : " That's `git commit` ."
228+ "feedback" : " Compilation does not automatically make source code proprietary or hidden ."
46229 }
47230 ]
48231 }
49- ]
232+ ]
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