opentelemetry-cpp: enable cross-compilation of shared libraries and dependencies

[wadehunk]

Summary

Changes to recipe: opentelemetry-cpp/1.14.2

• Separate build and run environment scopes to prevent combining environments on cross-compilation
• Expose link options to libraries to ensure shared library linkage support for cross-compilation

Motivation

Cross-compiling this package with full shared library support for dependencies results in build failure.
Closes #25054

Details

Made sure the virtual build and run scopes are separate so that the appropriate libraries and executables are found in the cross-compilation case instead of getting confused and selecting the wrong ones. Also tweak the sources to make cmake link libraries public for shared library targets so that consumers and can link with the libraries appropriately.

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• Read the contributing guidelines
• Checked that this PR is not a duplicate: list of PRs by recipe
• Tested locally with at least one configuration using a recent version of Conan

[jcar87]

Thanks for your contribution!

In order to move forward we need to understand what it is trying to fix! Can you provide details of a scenario where it fails to build without this proposed patch? Thanks!

[conan-center-bot]

Conan v1 pipeline ✔️

All green in build 7 (fdb933be35ed6b06e37c3669fc4454791f74578c):

• opentelemetry-cpp/1.14.2:
  All packages built successfully! (All logs)

• opentelemetry-cpp/1.12.0:
  All packages built successfully! (All logs)

• opentelemetry-cpp/1.8.3:
  All packages built successfully! (All logs)

• opentelemetry-cpp/1.9.1:
  All packages built successfully! (All logs)

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Conan v2 pipeline ✔️

Note: Conan v2 builds are now mandatory. Please read our discussion about it.

All green in build 7 (fdb933be35ed6b06e37c3669fc4454791f74578c):

• opentelemetry-cpp/1.14.2:
  All packages built successfully! (All logs)

• opentelemetry-cpp/1.12.0:
  All packages built successfully! (All logs)

• opentelemetry-cpp/1.8.3:
  All packages built successfully! (All logs)

• opentelemetry-cpp/1.9.1:
  All packages built successfully! (All logs)

[wadehunk]

Thanks for your contribution!

In order to move forward we need to understand what it is trying to fix! Can you provide details of a scenario where it fails to build without this proposed patch? Thanks!

@jcar87 Details added, ready for review.