pytransform.PytransformError: Could not find "/myapp/app/platforms/android/armv7/_pytransform.so"

[leond08]

Hi i'm gettiing an error when i tried to run my obfuscated python script in my target machine

Target Machine:
Device: Raspberry PI 3B+
OS: Custom Embedded Linux by Buildroot

Build Machine:
OS: Ubuntu 18.04

Script run on my build machine:

PYTHONPATH=python3 pyarmor obfuscate --recursive --output ../myapp/app app/__init__.py --platform linux.armv7.3

I used linux.armv7.3 is it correct for my target machine or not?
I copied the obfuscated script in my target machine
The pytransform is included with _pytransform.so.
When I tried to run my python scripts i got an error _pytransform.so. File not Found

I tried your suggestion in the document :

from pytransform import _load_library
m = _load_library(path='/myapp/app')
Traceback (most recent call last):
File "", line 1, in
File "/myapp/app/pytransform/init.py", line 256, in _load_library
raise PytransformError('Could not find "%s"' % filename)
pytransform.PytransformError: Could not find "/myapp/app/platforms/android/armv7/_pytransform.so"

Got this error instead.
I don't have the platforms folder since this is the target machine. And why is the platform android/armv7

Thanks..

[jondy]

Try to use this platform --platform android.armv7 in the build command, this works for those platform without dynamic libc but static libc. If this platform not found as building, please upgrade pyarmor to latest version.

[leond08]

i am currently using 5.9.3. I will try.

Thanks @jondy for the reply. I'll let you know.

[leond08]

Hi @jondy,

>>INFO        Search library for platform: android.linux
>>ERROR    Unsupport platform android.linux
>>ERROR    No available library for this platform

I'am currently using the trial version since i would like to test it first on my current project
PyArmor Trial Version 5.9.3

[jondy]

Sorry, the platform name should be android.armv7

[leond08]

Hi @jondy, same error

> app.pytransform.PytransformError: Load /myapp/app/pytransform/_pytransform.so failed:
> File not found

Here is the result of uname -a

Linux HOSTNAME 4.14.95-v7 #1 SMP Tue Mar 17 16:20:20 PST 2020 armv7l GNU/Linux

[jondy]

What's the output of following commands?

echo "" > a.c

# what I care about is the line starts with COLLECT_GCC_OPTIONS 
gcc -shared --verbose a.c

# The whole output of ldd
ldd a.out

[leond08]

where should i run this in my build machine?

[jondy]

No, run it in the target machine. It's better to check the _pystransform.so by ldd either.

[leond08]

Hi @jondy ,
I don't have gcc in my target machine,

but her is the gcc the buildroot using
./arm-buildroot-linux-uclibcgnueabihf-gcc -shared --verbose a.c

the result

COLLECT_GCC_OPTIONS='-shared' '-v' '-mcpu=cortex-a53' '-mfloat-abi=hard' '-mfpu=neon-vfpv4' '-mabi=aapcs-linux' '-marm' '-mtls-dialect=gnu'

[jondy]

I think the problem that the target machine uses uclibc, it need build new one for this platform. Where I could download this cross compile tool arm-buildroot-linux-uclibcgnueabihf-gcc?

[leond08]

Here's the result

ldd _pytransform.so

checking sub-depends for 'not found'
libc.so.6 => not found (0x00000000)
not a dynamic executable

[leond08]

Hi @jondy,

Not sure you can you can check https://buildroot.org/downloads/manual/manual.html#_cross_compilation_toolchain

Then you can use the available config of raspberrypi3_defconfig

[jondy]

Please download this new one
https://github.com/dashingsoft/pyarmor-core/raw/master/platforms/uclibc.armv7.0/_pytransform.so

Save it in the build machine "~/.pyarmor/platforms/android/armv7/0/_pytransform.so", then obfuscate the script with --platform android.armv7

If not work, check it in the target machine by ldd _pytransform.so

[leond08]

Hi @jondy,

I saved the file and tried ldd _pytransform.so

same error

i used --platform android.armv7

INFO 17 scripts have been obfuscated
INFO Generating runtime files to ../myapp/app/pytransform
INFO Extract pytransform.key
INFO Extract license.lic
INFO Load platforms information from /home/falcon/.local/lib/python3.6/site-packages/pyarmor/platforms/index.json
INFO No dynamic library found for android.armv7 with features [7, 3]
INFO Load platforms information from /home/falcon/.local/lib/python3.6/site-packages/pyarmor/platforms/index.json
INFO Search library for platform: android.armv7
INFO Found available libraries: ['android.armv7.0']
INFO Downloading library file for android.armv7.0 ...
INFO Getting remote file: https://github.com/dashingsoft/pyarmor-core/raw/r16.10/platforms/android.armv7.0/_pytransform.so
INFO Writing target file: /home/falcon/.pyarmor/platforms/android/armv7/0/_pytransform.so
INFO Download dynamic library android.armv7.0 OK
ERROR No dynamic library found for android.armv7 with features [7, 3]

it downloaded again the file and overwrite the file i copied.

Thanks.

[jondy]

Only download this file to target machine
https://github.com/dashingsoft/pyarmor-core/raw/master/platforms/uclibc.armv7.0/_pytransform.so

Then run ldd _pytransform.so, what does it say?

[leond08]

Hi jondy,

ldd _pytransform.so

checking sub-depends for '/lib/libc.so.0'
ld-uClibc.so.1 => /lib/ld-uClibc.so.1 (0x76f82000)
libc.so.0 => /lib/libc.so.0 (0x00000000)
/lib/ld-uClibc.so.1 => /lib/ld-uClibc.so.1 (0x00000000)

I didn't get an error now

[jondy]

In build machine, first download this file, save it to any path, for example /home/falcon/.pyarmor/uclibc/_pytransform.so, then specify the platform as absolute path instead of name, it will not be overwritten. For example,

PYARMOR_PLATFORM=linux.x86_64.0 pyarmor obfuscate --platform /home/falcon/.pyarmor/uclibc/_pytransform.so ...

Note that PYARMOR_PLATFORM should be set for this platform, refer to
https://pyarmor.readthedocs.io/en/latest/advanced.html#obfuscating-scripts-with-different-features

[leond08]

Hi @jondy,

Got an error:

Script:

PYTHONPATH=python3.7 PYARMOR_PLATFORM=linux.x86_64.0 pyarmor -d obfuscate --recursive --platform /home/falcon/.pyarmor/platforms/linux/uclibc/ --output ../myapp/app app/init.py

Traceback (most recent call last):
  File "/home/falcon/.local/bin/pyarmor", line 11, in <module>
    sys.exit(main_entry())
  File "/home/falcon/.local/lib/python3.6/site-packages/pyarmor/pyarmor.py", line 1241, in main_entry
    main(sys.argv[1:])
  File "/home/falcon/.local/lib/python3.6/site-packages/pyarmor/pyarmor.py", line 1233, in main
    args.func(args)
  File "/home/falcon/.local/lib/python3.6/site-packages/pyarmor/pyarmor.py", line 629, in _obfuscate
    package=package, suffix=suffix)
  File "/home/falcon/.local/lib/python3.6/site-packages/pyarmor/utils.py", line 499, in make_runtime
    filename = _build_platforms(platforms, restrict)[0]
  File "/home/falcon/.local/lib/python3.6/site-packages/pyarmor/utils.py", line 433, in _build_platforms
    filename = _get_platform_library_filename(platid, features)
  File "/home/falcon/.local/lib/python3.6/site-packages/pyarmor/utils.py", line 413, in _get_platform_library_filename
    n = int(path[-1])
ValueError: invalid literal for int() with base 10: '/'

[jondy]

Create an extra path 0, and move this file here, for example, /home/falcon/.pyarmor/uclibc/0/_pytransform.so. The last path must be feature number.

[leond08]

Hi @jondy,

> /usr/bin/python3.7: symbol '__ctype_b_loc': can't resolve symbol

Traceback (most recent call last):
File "/myapp/app/pytransform/init.py", line 259, in _load_library
m = cdll.LoadLibrary(filename)
File "/usr/lib/python3.7/ctypes/init.py", line 434, in LoadLibrary
return self._dlltype(name)
File "/usr/lib/python3.7/ctypes/init.py", line 356, in init
self._handle = _dlopen(self._name, mode)
OSError: dlopen() error

Got this error now:

I used same version of python with my build machine and target machine
Python Version: 3.7.2

[jondy]

It seems the uclibc in the target machine misses this function __ctype_b_loc, one solution is rebuild your uclibc with this function, the other solution is to rebuild _pytransform.so with some other options to remove this dependency if possible.

[leond08]

Hi @jondy,

Can you rebuild the _pytransform.so to remove this dependency?

[leond08]

Hi @jondy,

I rebuild my uclibc, it work now. Thanks a lot!

[leond08]

Hi @jondy,

i got an error running this:

Python 3.7.2 (default, Mar 18 2020, 12:43:35)
[GCC 7.4.0] on linux
Type "help", "copyright", "credits" or "license" for more information.

from pytransform import get_license_info
m = get_license_info()
Traceback (most recent call last):
File "", line 1, in
File "/myapp/app/pytransform/init.py", line 148, in get_license_info
rcode = get_registration_code().decode()
File "/myapp/app/pytransform/init.py", line 55, in wrap
return func(*args, **kwargs)
File "/myapp/app/pytransform/init.py", line 115, in get_registration_code
dlfunc = prototype(('get_registration_code', _pytransform))
AttributeError: 'NoneType' object has no attribute '_handle'

[jondy]

This function should be called in the obfuscated scripts. If just debug in the plain script, call pyarmor_init at frist. For example,

from pytransform import pyarmor_init
pyarmor_init()
...