latex_multilined_equations.md

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Latex multilined equations

There are multiple $\LaTeX$ environments that can split equations into multiple lines. The ones I have experience with are the following:

align

Aligns equations on one (&) or more (n-times &) points with line splits (\\) in between.

Single aligned equation, spanning multiple lines

There are scenarios where the single aligned equation doesn't fit into one line. Then we can split it by using mathtools's environment multlined:

\begin{align}
& q(\mathbf{x}_{t-1}|\mathbf{x}_t, \mathbf{x}_0) =\\
&\begin{multlined}[t]
  \propto \exp \bigg(-\frac{1}{2}\bigg[
      \frac{
        (\mathbf{x}_t-\sqrt{\alpha_t}\mathbf{x}_{t-1})^2
      }{
        \beta_t
      } +
      \frac{
        (\mathbf{x}_{t-1}-\sqrt{\bar{\alpha}_{t-1}}\mathbf{x}_0)^2
      }{
        1-\bar{\alpha}_{t-1}
      } - \\
      \frac{
        (\mathbf{x}_t-\sqrt{\bar{\alpha}_t}\mathbf{x}_0)^2
      }{
        1-\bar{\alpha}_t
      }
    \bigg]\bigg)
\end{multlined}
\end{align}

Which gives:

$$ \begin{align} & q(\mathbf{x}_{t-1}|\mathbf{x}t, \mathbf{x}0) =\ &\begin{multlined}[t] \propto \exp \bigg(-\frac{1}{2}\bigg[ \frac{ (\mathbf{x}t-\sqrt{\alpha_t}\mathbf{x}{t-1})^2 }{ \beta_t } + \frac{ (\mathbf{x}{t-1}-\sqrt{\bar{\alpha}{t-1}}\mathbf{x}0)^2 }{ 1-\bar{\alpha}{t-1} } - \ \frac{ (\mathbf{x}_t-\sqrt{\bar{\alpha}_t}\mathbf{x}_0)^2 }{ 1-\bar{\alpha}_t } \bigg]\bigg) \end{multlined} \end{align} $$