XMiniJSON.cs

using System;
using System.Collections;
using System.Text;
using System.Collections.Generic;


/* Based on the JSON parser from 
 * http://techblog.procurios.nl/k/618/news/view/14605/14863/How-do-I-write-my-own-parser-for-JSON.html
 * 
 * I simplified it so that it doesn't throw exceptions
 * and can be used in Unity iPhone with maximum code stripping.
 */
/// <summary>
/// This class encodes and decodes JSON strings.
/// Spec. details, see http://www.json.org/
/// 
/// JSON uses Arrays and Objects. These correspond here to the datatypes ArrayList and Hashtable.
/// All numbers are parsed to doubles.
/// </summary>
public class XMiniJSON
{
	private const int TOKEN_NONE = 0;
	private const int TOKEN_CURLY_OPEN = 1;
	private const int TOKEN_CURLY_CLOSE = 2;
	private const int TOKEN_SQUARED_OPEN = 3;
	private const int TOKEN_SQUARED_CLOSE = 4;
	private const int TOKEN_COLON = 5;
	private const int TOKEN_COMMA = 6;
	private const int TOKEN_STRING = 7;
	private const int TOKEN_NUMBER = 8;
	private const int TOKEN_TRUE = 9;
	private const int TOKEN_FALSE = 10;
	private const int TOKEN_NULL = 11;
	private const int BUILDER_CAPACITY = 2000;

	/// <summary>
	/// On decoding, this value holds the position at which the parse failed (-1 = no error).
	/// </summary>
	protected static int lastErrorIndex = -1;
	protected static string lastDecode = "";


	/// <summary>
	/// Parses the string json into a value
	/// </summary>
	/// <param name="json">A JSON string.</param>
	/// <returns>An ArrayList, a Hashtable, a double, a string, null, true, or false</returns>
	public static object jsonDecode(string json)
	{
		// save the string for debug information
		XMiniJSON.lastDecode = json;

		if (json != null)
		{
			char[] charArray = json.ToCharArray();
			int index = 0;
			bool success = true;
			object value = XMiniJSON.parseValue(charArray, ref index, ref success);

			if (success)
				XMiniJSON.lastErrorIndex = -1;
			else
				XMiniJSON.lastErrorIndex = index;

			return value;
		}
		else
		{
			return null;
		}
	}


	/// <summary>
	/// Converts a Hashtable / ArrayList / Dictionary(string,string) object into a JSON string
	/// </summary>
	/// <param name="json">A Hashtable / ArrayList</param>
	/// <returns>A JSON encoded string, or null if object 'json' is not serializable</returns>
	public static string jsonEncode(object json)
	{
		var builder = new StringBuilder(BUILDER_CAPACITY);
		var success = XMiniJSON.serializeValue(json, builder);

		return (success ? builder.ToString() : null);
	}


	/// <summary>
	/// On decoding, this function returns the position at which the parse failed (-1 = no error).
	/// </summary>
	/// <returns></returns>
	public static bool lastDecodeSuccessful()
	{
		return (XMiniJSON.lastErrorIndex == -1);
	}


	/// <summary>
	/// On decoding, this function returns the position at which the parse failed (-1 = no error).
	/// </summary>
	/// <returns></returns>
	public static int getLastErrorIndex()
	{
		return XMiniJSON.lastErrorIndex;
	}


	/// <summary>
	/// If a decoding error occurred, this function returns a piece of the JSON string 
	/// at which the error took place. To ease debugging.
	/// </summary>
	/// <returns></returns>
	public static string getLastErrorSnippet()
	{
		if (XMiniJSON.lastErrorIndex == -1)
		{
			return "";
		}
		else
		{
			int startIndex = XMiniJSON.lastErrorIndex - 5;
			int endIndex = XMiniJSON.lastErrorIndex + 15;
			if (startIndex < 0)
				startIndex = 0;

			if (endIndex >= XMiniJSON.lastDecode.Length)
				endIndex = XMiniJSON.lastDecode.Length - 1;

			return XMiniJSON.lastDecode.Substring(startIndex, endIndex - startIndex + 1);
		}
	}


	#region Parsing

	protected static Hashtable parseObject(char[] json, ref int index)
	{
		Hashtable table = new Hashtable();
		int token;

		// {
		nextToken(json, ref index);

		bool done = false;
		while (!done)
		{
			token = lookAhead(json, index);
			if (token == XMiniJSON.TOKEN_NONE)
			{
				return null;
			}
			else if (token == XMiniJSON.TOKEN_COMMA)
			{
				nextToken(json, ref index);
			}
			else if (token == XMiniJSON.TOKEN_CURLY_CLOSE)
			{
				nextToken(json, ref index);
				return table;
			}
			else
			{
				// name
				string name = parseString(json, ref index);
				if (name == null)
				{
					return null;
				}

				// :
				token = nextToken(json, ref index);
				if (token != XMiniJSON.TOKEN_COLON)
					return null;

				// value
				bool success = true;
				object value = parseValue(json, ref index, ref success);
				if (!success)
					return null;

				table[name] = value;
			}
		}

		return table;
	}


	protected static ArrayList parseArray(char[] json, ref int index)
	{
		ArrayList array = new ArrayList();

		// [
		nextToken(json, ref index);

		bool done = false;
		while (!done)
		{
			int token = lookAhead(json, index);
			if (token == XMiniJSON.TOKEN_NONE)
			{
				return null;
			}
			else if (token == XMiniJSON.TOKEN_COMMA)
			{
				nextToken(json, ref index);
			}
			else if (token == XMiniJSON.TOKEN_SQUARED_CLOSE)
			{
				nextToken(json, ref index);
				break;
			}
			else
			{
				bool success = true;
				object value = parseValue(json, ref index, ref success);
				if (!success)
					return null;

				array.Add(value);
			}
		}

		return array;
	}


	protected static object parseValue(char[] json, ref int index, ref bool success)
	{
		switch (lookAhead(json, index))
		{
			case XMiniJSON.TOKEN_STRING:
				return parseString(json, ref index);
			case XMiniJSON.TOKEN_NUMBER:
				return parseNumber(json, ref index);
			case XMiniJSON.TOKEN_CURLY_OPEN:
				return parseObject(json, ref index);
			case XMiniJSON.TOKEN_SQUARED_OPEN:
				return parseArray(json, ref index);
			case XMiniJSON.TOKEN_TRUE:
				nextToken(json, ref index);
				return Boolean.Parse("TRUE");
			case XMiniJSON.TOKEN_FALSE:
				nextToken(json, ref index);
				return Boolean.Parse("FALSE");
			case XMiniJSON.TOKEN_NULL:
				nextToken(json, ref index);
				return null;
			case XMiniJSON.TOKEN_NONE:
				break;
		}

		success = false;
		return null;
	}


	protected static string parseString(char[] json, ref int index)
	{
		string s = "";
		char c;

		eatWhitespace(json, ref index);

		// "
		c = json[index++];

		bool complete = false;
		while (!complete)
		{
			if (index == json.Length)
				break;

			c = json[index++];
			if (c == '"')
			{
				complete = true;
				break;
			}
			else if (c == '\\')
			{
				if (index == json.Length)
					break;

				c = json[index++];
				if (c == '"')
				{
					s += '"';
				}
				else if (c == '\\')
				{
					s += '\\';
				}
				else if (c == '/')
				{
					s += '/';
				}
				else if (c == 'b')
				{
					s += '\b';
				}
				else if (c == 'f')
				{
					s += '\f';
				}
				else if (c == 'n')
				{
					s += '\n';
				}
				else if (c == 'r')
				{
					s += '\r';
				}
				else if (c == 't')
				{
					s += '\t';
				}
				else if (c == 'u')
				{
					int remainingLength = json.Length - index;
					if (remainingLength >= 4)
					{
						char[] unicodeCharArray = new char[4];
						Array.Copy(json, index, unicodeCharArray, 0, 4);

						// Drop in the HTML markup for the unicode character
						s += "&#x" + new string(unicodeCharArray) + ";";

						/*
uint codePoint = UInt32.Parse(new string(unicodeCharArray), NumberStyles.HexNumber);
// convert the integer codepoint to a unicode char and add to string
s += Char.ConvertFromUtf32((int)codePoint);
*/

						// skip 4 chars
						index += 4;
					}
					else
					{
						break;
					}

				}
			}
			else
			{
				s += c;
			}

		}

		if (!complete)
			return null;

		return s;
	}


	protected static double parseNumber(char[] json, ref int index)
	{
		eatWhitespace(json, ref index);

		int lastIndex = getLastIndexOfNumber(json, index);
		int charLength = (lastIndex - index) + 1;
		char[] numberCharArray = new char[charLength];

		Array.Copy(json, index, numberCharArray, 0, charLength);
		index = lastIndex + 1;
		return Double.Parse(new string(numberCharArray)); // , CultureInfo.InvariantCulture);
	}


	protected static int getLastIndexOfNumber(char[] json, int index)
	{
		int lastIndex;
		for (lastIndex = index; lastIndex < json.Length; lastIndex++)
			if ("0123456789+-.eE".IndexOf(json[lastIndex]) == -1)
			{
				break;
			}
		return lastIndex - 1;
	}


	protected static void eatWhitespace(char[] json, ref int index)
	{
		for (; index < json.Length; index++)
			if (" \t\n\r".IndexOf(json[index]) == -1)
			{
				break;
			}
	}


	protected static int lookAhead(char[] json, int index)
	{
		int saveIndex = index;
		return nextToken(json, ref saveIndex);
	}


	protected static int nextToken(char[] json, ref int index)
	{
		eatWhitespace(json, ref index);

		if (index == json.Length)
		{
			return XMiniJSON.TOKEN_NONE;
		}

		char c = json[index];
		index++;
		switch (c)
		{
			case '{':
				return XMiniJSON.TOKEN_CURLY_OPEN;
			case '}':
				return XMiniJSON.TOKEN_CURLY_CLOSE;
			case '[':
				return XMiniJSON.TOKEN_SQUARED_OPEN;
			case ']':
				return XMiniJSON.TOKEN_SQUARED_CLOSE;
			case ',':
				return XMiniJSON.TOKEN_COMMA;
			case '"':
				return XMiniJSON.TOKEN_STRING;
			case '0':
			case '1':
			case '2':
			case '3':
			case '4':
			case '5':
			case '6':
			case '7':
			case '8':
			case '9':
			case '-':
				return XMiniJSON.TOKEN_NUMBER;
			case ':':
				return XMiniJSON.TOKEN_COLON;
		}
		index--;

		int remainingLength = json.Length - index;

		// false
		if (remainingLength >= 5)
		{
			if (json[index] == 'f' &&
				json[index + 1] == 'a' &&
				json[index + 2] == 'l' &&
				json[index + 3] == 's' &&
				json[index + 4] == 'e')
			{
				index += 5;
				return XMiniJSON.TOKEN_FALSE;
			}
		}

		// true
		if (remainingLength >= 4)
		{
			if (json[index] == 't' &&
				json[index + 1] == 'r' &&
				json[index + 2] == 'u' &&
				json[index + 3] == 'e')
			{
				index += 4;
				return XMiniJSON.TOKEN_TRUE;
			}
		}

		// null
		if (remainingLength >= 4)
		{
			if (json[index] == 'n' &&
				json[index + 1] == 'u' &&
				json[index + 2] == 'l' &&
				json[index + 3] == 'l')
			{
				index += 4;
				return XMiniJSON.TOKEN_NULL;
			}
		}

		return XMiniJSON.TOKEN_NONE;
	}

	#endregion


	#region Serialization

	protected static bool serializeObjectOrArray(object objectOrArray, StringBuilder builder)
	{
		if (objectOrArray is Hashtable)
		{
			return serializeObject((Hashtable)objectOrArray, builder);
		}
		else if (objectOrArray is ArrayList)
		{
			return serializeArray((ArrayList)objectOrArray, builder);
		}
		else
		{
			return false;
		}
	}


	protected static bool serializeObject(Hashtable anObject, StringBuilder builder)
	{
		builder.Append("{");

		IDictionaryEnumerator e = anObject.GetEnumerator();
		bool first = true;
		while (e.MoveNext())
		{
			string key = e.Key.ToString();
			object value = e.Value;

			if (!first)
			{
				builder.Append(", ");
			}

			serializeString(key, builder);
			builder.Append(":");
			if (!serializeValue(value, builder))
			{
				return false;
			}

			first = false;
		}

		builder.Append("}");
		return true;
	}


	protected static bool serializeDictionary(Dictionary<string, string> dict, StringBuilder builder)
	{
		builder.Append("{");

		bool first = true;
		foreach (var kv in dict)
		{
			if (!first)
				builder.Append(", ");

			serializeString(kv.Key, builder);
			builder.Append(":");
			serializeString(kv.Value, builder);

			first = false;
		}

		builder.Append("}");
		return true;
	}


	protected static bool serializeArray(ArrayList anArray, StringBuilder builder)
	{
		builder.Append("[");

		bool first = true;
		for (int i = 0; i < anArray.Count; i++)
		{
			object value = anArray[i];

			if (!first)
			{
				builder.Append(", ");
			}

			if (!serializeValue(value, builder))
			{
				return false;
			}

			first = false;
		}

		builder.Append("]");
		return true;
	}


	protected static bool serializeValue(object value, StringBuilder builder)
	{
		// Type t = value.GetType();
		// Debug.Log("type: " + t.ToString() + " isArray: " + t.IsArray);

		if (value == null)
		{
			builder.Append("null");
		}
		else if (value.GetType().IsArray)
		{
			serializeArray(new ArrayList((ICollection)value), builder);
		}
		else if (value is string)
		{
			serializeString((string)value, builder);
		}
		else if (value is Char)
		{
			serializeString(Convert.ToString((char)value), builder);
		}
		else if (value is Hashtable)
		{
			serializeObject((Hashtable)value, builder);
		}
		else if (value is Dictionary<string, string>)
		{
			serializeDictionary((Dictionary<string, string>)value, builder);
		}
		else if (value is ArrayList)
		{
			serializeArray((ArrayList)value, builder);
		}
		else if ((value is Boolean) && ((Boolean)value == true))
		{
			builder.Append("true");
		}
		else if ((value is Boolean) && ((Boolean)value == false))
		{
			builder.Append("false");
		}
		else if (value.GetType().IsPrimitive)
		{
			serializeNumber(Convert.ToDouble(value), builder);
		}
		else
		{
			return false;
		}

		return true;
	}


	protected static void serializeString(string aString, StringBuilder builder)
	{
		builder.Append("\"");

		char[] charArray = aString.ToCharArray();
		for (int i = 0; i < charArray.Length; i++)
		{
			char c = charArray[i];
			if (c == '"')
			{
				builder.Append("\\\"");
			}
			else if (c == '\\')
			{
				builder.Append("\\\\");
			}
			else if (c == '\b')
			{
				builder.Append("\\b");
			}
			else if (c == '\f')
			{
				builder.Append("\\f");
			}
			else if (c == '\n')
			{
				builder.Append("\\n");
			}
			else if (c == '\r')
			{
				builder.Append("\\r");
			}
			else if (c == '\t')
			{
				builder.Append("\\t");
			}
			else
			{
				int codepoint = Convert.ToInt32(c);
				if ((codepoint >= 32) && (codepoint <= 126))
				{
					builder.Append(c);
				}
				else
				{
					builder.Append("\\u" + Convert.ToString(codepoint, 16).PadLeft(4, '0'));
				}
			}
		}

		builder.Append("\"");
	}


	protected static void serializeNumber(double number, StringBuilder builder)
	{
		builder.Append(Convert.ToString(number)); // , CultureInfo.InvariantCulture));
	}

	#endregion

}



#region Extension methods

public static class XMiniJSONExtensions
{
	/*public static string toJson(this Hashtable obj)
	{
		return XMiniJSON.jsonEncode(obj);
	}


	public static string toJson(this Dictionary<string, string> obj)
	{
		return XMiniJSON.jsonEncode(obj);
	}


	public static ArrayList arrayListFromJson(this string json)
	{
		return XMiniJSON.jsonDecode(json) as ArrayList;
	}


	public static Hashtable hashtableFromJson(this string json)
	{
		return XMiniJSON.jsonDecode(json) as Hashtable;
	}*/
}

#endregion