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English Version

题目描述

给你一份旅游线路图,该线路图中的旅行线路用数组 paths 表示,其中 paths[i] = [cityAi, cityBi] 表示该线路将会从 cityAi 直接前往 cityBi 。请你找出这次旅行的终点站,即没有任何可以通往其他城市的线路的城市

题目数据保证线路图会形成一条不存在循环的线路,因此恰有一个旅行终点站。

 

示例 1:

输入:paths = [["London","New York"],["New York","Lima"],["Lima","Sao Paulo"]]
输出:"Sao Paulo" 
解释:从 "London" 出发,最后抵达终点站 "Sao Paulo" 。本次旅行的路线是 "London" -> "New York" -> "Lima" -> "Sao Paulo" 。

示例 2:

输入:paths = [["B","C"],["D","B"],["C","A"]]
输出:"A"
解释:所有可能的线路是:
"D" -> "B" -> "C" -> "A". 
"B" -> "C" -> "A". 
"C" -> "A". 
"A". 
显然,旅行终点站是 "A" 。

示例 3:

输入:paths = [["A","Z"]]
输出:"Z"

 

提示:

  • 1 <= paths.length <= 100
  • paths[i].length == 2
  • 1 <= cityAi.length, cityBi.length <= 10
  • cityA!= cityBi
  • 所有字符串均由大小写英文字母和空格字符组成。

解法

方法一:哈希表

将所有起点存入哈希表中,然后遍历所有终点,找出没出现在哈希表中的终点,即为答案。

时间复杂度 $O(n)$,空间复杂度 $O(n)$。其中 $n$ 是线路数。

class Solution:
    def destCity(self, paths: List[List[str]]) -> str:
        s = {a for a, _ in paths}
        return next(b for _, b in paths if b not in s)
class Solution {
    public String destCity(List<List<String>> paths) {
        Set<String> s = new HashSet<>();
        for (var p : paths) {
            s.add(p.get(0));
        }
        for (var p : paths) {
            if (!s.contains(p.get(1))) {
                return p.get(1);
            }
        }
        return "";
    }
}
class Solution {
public:
    string destCity(vector<vector<string>>& paths) {
        unordered_set<string> s;
        for (auto& p : paths) {
            s.insert(p[0]);
        }
        for (auto& p : paths) {
            if (!s.count(p[1])) {
                return p[1];
            }
        }
        return "";
    }
};
func destCity(paths [][]string) string {
	s := map[string]bool{}
	for _, p := range paths {
		s[p[0]] = true
	}
	for _, p := range paths {
		if !s[p[1]] {
			return p[1]
		}
	}
	return ""
}
function destCity(paths: string[][]): string {
    const set = new Set(paths.map(([a]) => a));
    for (const [_, b] of paths) {
        if (!set.has(b)) {
            return b;
        }
    }
    return '';
}
use std::collections::HashSet;
impl Solution {
    pub fn dest_city(paths: Vec<Vec<String>>) -> String {
        let set = paths
            .iter()
            .map(|v| &v[0])
            .collect::<HashSet<&String>>();
        for path in paths.iter() {
            if !set.contains(&path[1]) {
                return path[1].clone();
            }
        }
        String::new()
    }
}
/**
 * @param {string[][]} paths
 * @return {string}
 */
var destCity = function (paths) {
    const s = new Set();
    for (const [a, _] of paths) {
        s.add(a);
    }
    for (const [_, b] of paths) {
        if (!s.has(b)) {
            return b;
        }
    }
    return '';
};
char* destCity(char*** paths, int pathsSize, int* pathsColSize) {
    for (int i = 0; i < pathsSize; i++) {
        int flag = 1;
        for (int j = 0; j < pathsSize; j++) {
            if (strcmp(paths[i][1], paths[j][0]) == 0) {
                flag = 0;
                break;
            }
        }
        if (flag) {
            return paths[i][1];
        }
    }
    return NULL;
}