Add more complete linux build instructions (#101631)

I'm trying to make it slightly easier to install the needed requirements, and add some validation if a user hasn't installed the requirements.

Also, I validated that these instructions still work for Ubuntu 24.04 and have noted that other installs are only community-supported.

Author: agocke

docs/workflow/requirements/linux-requirements.md

@@ -22,23 +22,15 @@ Minimum RAM required to build is 1GB. The build is known to fail on 512 MB VMs (
 
 ### Toolchain Setup
 
-Install the following packages for the toolchain:
-
-* CMake 3.20 or newer
-* llvm
-* lld
-* clang
-* build-essential
-* python-is-python3
-* curl
-* git
-* lldb
-* libicu-dev
-* liblttng-ust-dev
-* libssl-dev
-* libkrb5-dev
-* zlib1g-dev
-* ninja-build (optional, enables building native code with ninja instead of make)
+Install the packages listed in [debian-reqs.txt](/eng/debian-reqs.txt).
+
+You can install all the above dependencies by running
+
+```bash
+sudo ./eng/install-native-dependencies.sh
+```
+
+### Community-supported environments
 
 **NOTE**: If you have an Ubuntu version older than 22.04 LTS, or Debian version older than 12, don't install `cmake` using `apt` directly. Follow the note written down below.
 

eng/debian-reqs.txt

@@ -0,0 +1,19 @@
+build-essential
+clang
+cmake
+curl
+gettext
+git
+libicu-dev
+libkrb5-dev
+liblldb-dev
+liblttng-ust-dev
+libssl-dev
+libunwind8-dev
+lld
+lldb
+llvm
+locales
+ninja-build
+python-is-python3
+zlib1g-dev

eng/install-native-dependencies.sh

@@ -9,22 +9,24 @@ set -e
 # ./install-native-dependencies.sh <OS>
 
 os="$(echo "$1" | tr "[:upper:]" "[:lower:]")"
+scriptroot="$(dirname "$0")"
 
 if [ -z "$os" ]; then
+    # shellcheck source-path=SCRIPTDIR
     . "$(dirname "$0")"/common/native/init-os-and-arch.sh
 fi
 
 case "$os" in
     linux)
         if [ -e /etc/os-release ]; then
+            # shellcheck source=/dev/null
             . /etc/os-release
         fi
 
         if [ "$ID" = "debian" ] || [ "$ID_LIKE" = "debian" ]; then
             apt update
 
-            apt install -y build-essential gettext locales cmake llvm clang lldb liblldb-dev libunwind8-dev libicu-dev liblttng-ust-dev \
-                libssl-dev libkrb5-dev zlib1g-dev
+            xargs apt-get install -y < "$scriptroot/debian-reqs.txt"
 
             localedef -i en_US -c -f UTF-8 -A /usr/share/locale/locale.alias en_US.UTF-8
         elif [ "$ID" = "alpine" ]; then
@@ -42,7 +44,7 @@ case "$os" in
         export HOMEBREW_NO_INSTALLED_DEPENDENTS_CHECK=1
         # Skip brew update for now, see https://github.com/actions/setup-python/issues/577
         # brew update --preinstall
-        brew bundle --no-upgrade --no-lock --file "$(dirname "$0")/Brewfile"
+        brew bundle --no-upgrade --no-lock --file "$scriptroot/Brewfile"
         ;;
 
     *)

eng/native/build-commons.sh

@@ -39,6 +39,9 @@ check_prereqs()
             # We try again with the PKG_CONFIG_PATH in place, if pkg-config still can't find OpenSSL, exit with an error, cmake won't find OpenSSL either
             pkg-config openssl || { echo >&2 "Please install openssl before running this script, see https://github.com/dotnet/runtime/blob/main/docs/workflow/requirements/macos-requirements.md"; exit 1; }
         fi
+    else
+        # Check presence of cmake on the path
+        command -v cmake 2>/dev/null || { echo >&2 "Please install cmake before running this script, see https://github.com/dotnet/runtime/blob/main/docs/workflow/requirements/linux-requirements.md"; exit 1; }
     fi
 
     if [[ "$__UseNinja" == 1 ]]; then

eng/native/gen-buildsys.sh

@@ -84,11 +84,6 @@ if [[ "$host_arch" == "armel" ]]; then
     cmake_extra_defines="$cmake_extra_defines -DARM_SOFTFP=1"
 fi
 
-if ! cmake_command=$(command -v cmake); then
-    echo "CMake was not found in PATH."
-    exit 1
-fi
-
 if [[ "$scan_build" == "ON" && -n "$SCAN_BUILD_COMMAND" ]]; then
     cmake_command="$SCAN_BUILD_COMMAND $cmake_command"
 fi