-
Notifications
You must be signed in to change notification settings - Fork 0
/
time-management.html
625 lines (533 loc) · 19.3 KB
/
time-management.html
1
2
3
4
5
6
7
8
9
10
11
12
13
14
15
16
17
18
19
20
21
22
23
24
25
26
27
28
29
30
31
32
33
34
35
36
37
38
39
40
41
42
43
44
45
46
47
48
49
50
51
52
53
54
55
56
57
58
59
60
61
62
63
64
65
66
67
68
69
70
71
72
73
74
75
76
77
78
79
80
81
82
83
84
85
86
87
88
89
90
91
92
93
94
95
96
97
98
99
100
101
102
103
104
105
106
107
108
109
110
111
112
113
114
115
116
117
118
119
120
121
122
123
124
125
126
127
128
129
130
131
132
133
134
135
136
137
138
139
140
141
142
143
144
145
146
147
148
149
150
151
152
153
154
155
156
157
158
159
160
161
162
163
164
165
166
167
168
169
170
171
172
173
174
175
176
177
178
179
180
181
182
183
184
185
186
187
188
189
190
191
192
193
194
195
196
197
198
199
200
201
202
203
204
205
206
207
208
209
210
211
212
213
214
215
216
217
218
219
220
221
222
223
224
225
226
227
228
229
230
231
232
233
234
235
236
237
238
239
240
241
242
243
244
245
246
247
248
249
250
251
252
253
254
255
256
257
258
259
260
261
262
263
264
265
266
267
268
269
270
271
272
273
274
275
276
277
278
279
280
281
282
283
284
285
286
287
288
289
290
291
292
293
294
295
296
297
298
299
300
301
302
303
304
305
306
307
308
309
310
311
312
313
314
315
316
317
318
319
320
321
322
323
324
325
326
327
328
329
330
331
332
333
334
335
336
337
338
339
340
341
342
343
344
345
346
347
348
349
350
351
352
353
354
355
356
357
358
359
360
361
362
363
364
365
366
367
368
369
370
371
372
373
374
375
376
377
378
379
380
381
382
383
384
385
386
387
388
389
390
391
392
393
394
395
396
397
398
399
400
401
402
403
404
405
406
407
408
409
410
411
412
413
414
415
416
417
418
419
420
421
422
423
424
425
426
427
428
429
430
431
432
433
434
435
436
437
438
439
440
441
442
443
444
445
446
447
448
449
450
451
452
453
454
455
456
457
458
459
460
461
462
463
464
465
466
467
468
469
470
471
472
473
474
475
476
477
478
479
480
481
482
483
484
485
486
487
488
489
490
491
492
493
494
495
496
497
498
499
500
501
502
503
504
505
506
507
508
509
510
511
512
513
514
515
516
517
518
519
520
521
522
523
524
525
526
527
528
529
530
531
532
533
534
535
536
537
538
539
540
541
542
543
544
545
546
547
548
549
550
551
552
553
554
555
556
557
558
559
560
561
562
563
564
565
566
567
568
569
570
571
572
573
574
575
576
577
578
579
580
581
582
583
584
585
586
587
588
589
590
591
592
593
594
595
596
597
598
599
600
601
602
603
604
605
606
607
608
609
610
611
612
613
614
615
616
617
618
619
620
621
622
623
624
625
<!DOCTYPE html>
<html xmlns="http://www.w3.org/1999/xhtml">
<head>
<meta charset="utf-8" />
<meta http-equiv="Content-Type" content="text/html; charset=utf-8" />
<meta name="generator" content="pandoc" />
<meta http-equiv="X-UA-Compatible" content="IE=EDGE" />
<title>Time Management</title>
<script src="site_libs/jquery-1.11.3/jquery.min.js"></script>
<meta name="viewport" content="width=device-width, initial-scale=1" />
<link href="site_libs/bootstrap-3.3.5/css/readable.min.css" rel="stylesheet" />
<script src="site_libs/bootstrap-3.3.5/js/bootstrap.min.js"></script>
<script src="site_libs/bootstrap-3.3.5/shim/html5shiv.min.js"></script>
<script src="site_libs/bootstrap-3.3.5/shim/respond.min.js"></script>
<script src="site_libs/jqueryui-1.11.4/jquery-ui.min.js"></script>
<link href="site_libs/tocify-1.9.1/jquery.tocify.css" rel="stylesheet" />
<script src="site_libs/tocify-1.9.1/jquery.tocify.js"></script>
<script src="site_libs/navigation-1.1/tabsets.js"></script>
<style type="text/css">
h1 {
font-size: 34px;
}
h1.title {
font-size: 38px;
}
h2 {
font-size: 30px;
}
h3 {
font-size: 24px;
}
h4 {
font-size: 18px;
}
h5 {
font-size: 16px;
}
h6 {
font-size: 12px;
}
.table th:not([align]) {
text-align: left;
}
</style>
<link rel="stylesheet" href="custom.css" type="text/css" />
<style type = "text/css">
.main-container {
max-width: 940px;
margin-left: auto;
margin-right: auto;
}
code {
color: inherit;
background-color: rgba(0, 0, 0, 0.04);
}
img {
max-width:100%;
height: auto;
}
.tabbed-pane {
padding-top: 12px;
}
.html-widget {
margin-bottom: 20px;
}
button.code-folding-btn:focus {
outline: none;
}
summary {
display: list-item;
}
</style>
<style type="text/css">
/* padding for bootstrap navbar */
body {
padding-top: 66px;
padding-bottom: 40px;
}
/* offset scroll position for anchor links (for fixed navbar) */
.section h1 {
padding-top: 71px;
margin-top: -71px;
}
.section h2 {
padding-top: 71px;
margin-top: -71px;
}
.section h3 {
padding-top: 71px;
margin-top: -71px;
}
.section h4 {
padding-top: 71px;
margin-top: -71px;
}
.section h5 {
padding-top: 71px;
margin-top: -71px;
}
.section h6 {
padding-top: 71px;
margin-top: -71px;
}
.dropdown-submenu {
position: relative;
}
.dropdown-submenu>.dropdown-menu {
top: 0;
left: 100%;
margin-top: -6px;
margin-left: -1px;
border-radius: 0 6px 6px 6px;
}
.dropdown-submenu:hover>.dropdown-menu {
display: block;
}
.dropdown-submenu>a:after {
display: block;
content: " ";
float: right;
width: 0;
height: 0;
border-color: transparent;
border-style: solid;
border-width: 5px 0 5px 5px;
border-left-color: #cccccc;
margin-top: 5px;
margin-right: -10px;
}
.dropdown-submenu:hover>a:after {
border-left-color: #ffffff;
}
.dropdown-submenu.pull-left {
float: none;
}
.dropdown-submenu.pull-left>.dropdown-menu {
left: -100%;
margin-left: 10px;
border-radius: 6px 0 6px 6px;
}
</style>
<script>
// manage active state of menu based on current page
$(document).ready(function () {
// active menu anchor
href = window.location.pathname
href = href.substr(href.lastIndexOf('/') + 1)
if (href === "")
href = "index.html";
var menuAnchor = $('a[href="' + href + '"]');
// mark it active
menuAnchor.parent().addClass('active');
// if it's got a parent navbar menu mark it active as well
menuAnchor.closest('li.dropdown').addClass('active');
});
</script>
<!-- tabsets -->
<style type="text/css">
.tabset-dropdown > .nav-tabs {
display: inline-table;
max-height: 500px;
min-height: 44px;
overflow-y: auto;
background: white;
border: 1px solid #ddd;
border-radius: 4px;
}
.tabset-dropdown > .nav-tabs > li.active:before {
content: "";
font-family: 'Glyphicons Halflings';
display: inline-block;
padding: 10px;
border-right: 1px solid #ddd;
}
.tabset-dropdown > .nav-tabs.nav-tabs-open > li.active:before {
content: "";
border: none;
}
.tabset-dropdown > .nav-tabs.nav-tabs-open:before {
content: "";
font-family: 'Glyphicons Halflings';
display: inline-block;
padding: 10px;
border-right: 1px solid #ddd;
}
.tabset-dropdown > .nav-tabs > li.active {
display: block;
}
.tabset-dropdown > .nav-tabs > li > a,
.tabset-dropdown > .nav-tabs > li > a:focus,
.tabset-dropdown > .nav-tabs > li > a:hover {
border: none;
display: inline-block;
border-radius: 4px;
}
.tabset-dropdown > .nav-tabs.nav-tabs-open > li {
display: block;
float: none;
}
.tabset-dropdown > .nav-tabs > li {
display: none;
}
</style>
<!-- code folding -->
<style type="text/css">
#TOC {
margin: 25px 0px 20px 0px;
}
@media (max-width: 768px) {
#TOC {
position: relative;
width: 100%;
}
}
.toc-content {
padding-left: 30px;
padding-right: 40px;
}
div.main-container {
max-width: 1200px;
}
div.tocify {
width: 20%;
max-width: 260px;
max-height: 85%;
}
@media (min-width: 768px) and (max-width: 991px) {
div.tocify {
width: 25%;
}
}
@media (max-width: 767px) {
div.tocify {
width: 100%;
max-width: none;
}
}
.tocify ul, .tocify li {
line-height: 20px;
}
.tocify-subheader .tocify-item {
font-size: 0.90em;
}
.tocify .list-group-item {
border-radius: 0px;
}
</style>
</head>
<body>
<div class="container-fluid main-container">
<!-- setup 3col/9col grid for toc_float and main content -->
<div class="row-fluid">
<div class="col-xs-12 col-sm-4 col-md-3">
<div id="TOC" class="tocify">
</div>
</div>
<div class="toc-content col-xs-12 col-sm-8 col-md-9">
<div class="navbar navbar-default navbar-fixed-top" role="navigation">
<div class="container">
<div class="navbar-header">
<button type="button" class="navbar-toggle collapsed" data-toggle="collapse" data-target="#navbar">
<span class="icon-bar"></span>
<span class="icon-bar"></span>
<span class="icon-bar"></span>
</button>
<a class="navbar-brand" href="index.html">NEWS</a>
</div>
<div id="navbar" class="navbar-collapse collapse">
<ul class="nav navbar-nav">
<li>
<a href="people.html">People</a>
</li>
<li class="dropdown">
<a href="#" class="dropdown-toggle" data-toggle="dropdown" role="button" aria-expanded="false">
Research
<span class="caret"></span>
</a>
<ul class="dropdown-menu" role="menu">
<li>
<a href="research.html">Current Projects</a>
</li>
<li>
<a href="publications.html">Publications</a>
</li>
<li>
<a href="funding.html">Funding</a>
</li>
</ul>
</li>
<li class="dropdown">
<a href="#" class="dropdown-toggle" data-toggle="dropdown" role="button" aria-expanded="false">
Teaching
<span class="caret"></span>
</a>
<ul class="dropdown-menu" role="menu">
<li>
<a href="courses.html">Courses</a>
</li>
<li>
<a href="workshops.html">Workshops</a>
</li>
</ul>
</li>
<li class="dropdown">
<a href="#" class="dropdown-toggle" data-toggle="dropdown" role="button" aria-expanded="false">
Lab Resources
<span class="caret"></span>
</a>
<ul class="dropdown-menu" role="menu">
<li>
<a href="welcome.html">Welcome Letter</a>
</li>
<li>
<a href="training.html">Safety Training</a>
</li>
<li>
<a href="expectations.html">Expectations for GRAs</a>
</li>
<li>
<a href="stewardship.html">Good Lab Stewardship</a>
</li>
<li>
<a href="time-management.html">Time Management</a>
</li>
</ul>
</li>
<li>
<a href="join.html">Join Our Lab</a>
</li>
<li>
<a href="sydney-everhart.html">About Me</a>
</li>
</ul>
<ul class="nav navbar-nav navbar-right">
</ul>
</div><!--/.nav-collapse -->
</div><!--/.container -->
</div><!--/.navbar -->
<div class="fluid-row" id="header">
<h1 class="title toc-ignore">Time Management</h1>
</div>
<p><br></p>
<div id="productivity" class="section level3">
<h3>Productivity</h3>
<p>We all want to be highly productive and recognized for our efforts. You can probably think of people that you would call highly productive. How do they get so much done? How do they publish so much?</p>
<p><br></p>
</div>
<div id="whats-the-secret" class="section level3">
<h3>What’s the secret?</h3>
<p>Effective time management and prioritization is the secret. If you are already working 40-50 hours per week, you shouldn’t beat yourself up to work more hours, you should re-evaluate how you are spending your time. Focus on improving the quality of the hours you already work. Identifying the items that are the best use of your time can be challenging and subjective. As a scientist, I like to approach things from an objective and quantitative perspective, so I’ve adopted the following technique to create a prioritization list using the following steps:</p>
<ol style="list-style-type: decimal">
<li>Value your work,</li>
<li>Value your time,</li>
<li>Prioritize using values of work + time,</li>
<li>Eliminate potential pitfalls,</li>
<li>Set your priority list in motion.</li>
</ol>
<hr />
<p><br></p>
</div>
<div id="the-value-of-your-work" class="section level3">
<h3>1. The Value of Your Work</h3>
<p>I like to use a value system to identify “high pay-off” and “low pay-off” tasks. A great example that we can use for this exercise is to evaluate all of the possible items that might be added to an academic CV. For example, presenting a poster or giving a presentation should receive higher priority than being asked to review a paper for a journal. Among those items that can be added to a CV, highest priority should be given to peer-reviewed, original research articles and review papers. And among those, highest priority should be given to manuscripts where you will be listed as the first or corresponding author. <strong>These publications are the most valuable</strong> and are the first piece of your CV that will be used to evaluate productivity. Low priority should be given to non-peer reviewed items, which includes some symposia proceedings, reviewing manuscripts, and book reviews.</p>
<p><br></p>
<div id="priority-for-your-cv" class="section level4">
<h4>Priority for Your CV</h4>
<p><strong>HPO</strong> = high pay-off; <strong>LPO</strong> = low pay-off</p>
<ol style="list-style-type: decimal">
<li>first author on peer-reviewed manuscripts and reviews (HPO)</li>
<li>middle author on peer-reviewed manuscripts and reviews (HPO)</li>
<li>teaching experience as TA or instructor (HPO)</li>
<li>creating own professional website (HPO)</li>
<li>first author disease notes and research notes (HPO)</li>
<li>first author presentations (HPO)</li>
<li>first author posters (HPO)</li>
<li>middle author for presentations and posters (LPO)</li>
<li>non-peer reviewed articles, such as magazine articles in popular press (LPO)</li>
<li>book reviews (LPO)</li>
<li>active participation in your scientific society (LPO)</li>
<li>reviewing manuscripts (LPO)</li>
<li>active participation in your local club (LPO)</li>
</ol>
<p><br></p>
</div>
</div>
<div id="the-value-of-your-time" class="section level3">
<h3>2. The Value of Your Time</h3>
<p>Some tasks don’t take very long, maybe a few hours of your day. Other tasks take several years, such as completing a chapter of your dissertation. It’s important to consider how much effort is required for each of the tasks you’ve just prioritized. For this, we can categorize them into “high effort” and “low effort”. For example, being asked to be a middle author for a presentation or poster will likely require low effort, whereas being the first author would be high effort.</p>
<p><br></p>
<div id="effort-of-items-on-your-cv" class="section level4">
<h4>Effort of Items on Your CV</h4>
<p><strong>LE</strong> = low effort; <strong>HE</strong> = high effort</p>
<ol style="list-style-type: decimal">
<li>middle author for presentations and posters (LE)</li>
<li>middle author on peer-reviewed manuscripts and reviews (LE)</li>
<li>active participation in your scientific society (LE)</li>
<li>creating own professional website (LE)</li>
<li>non-peer reviewed articles, such as magazine articles in popular press (HE)</li>
<li>book reviews (HE)</li>
<li>first author posters (HE)</li>
<li>first author presentations (HE)</li>
<li>first author disease notes and research notes (HE)</li>
<li>teaching experience as TA or instructor (HE)</li>
<li>reviewing manuscripts (HE)</li>
<li>first author on peer-reviewed manuscripts and reviews (HE)</li>
<li>active participation in your local club (HE)</li>
</ol>
<p><br></p>
</div>
</div>
<div id="max-pay-off-effort" class="section level3">
<h3>3. Max Pay-off & Effort</h3>
<p>The maximum return on your investment will come from high pay-off tasks that require low effort. Unfortunately, there are few items that will fit this category. Although something like a chapter of your dissertation is high pay-off, the effort to complete that task decreases over time. Here is our example list above, ordered according to the sum of the ranking of each item in both lists. For example, #1 on the pay-off list is first author on peer-reviewed manuscripts and reviews. That task is ranked at #9 on our effort list. Thus, the combined score for that task is 10. After adding the rank for pay-off and effort for each task, we re-order the list to show tasks with the smallest sum (highest pay-off + least effort) at the top of the list.</p>
<p><br></p>
<div id="combined-list" class="section level4">
<h4>Combined List</h4>
<ol style="list-style-type: decimal">
<li>middle author on peer-reviewed manuscripts and reviews (HPO + LE)</li>
<li>creating own professional website (HPO + LE)</li>
<li><strong>middle author for presentations and posters (LPO + LE)</strong></li>
<li>first author on peer-reviewed manuscripts and reviews (HPO + HE)</li>
<li>teaching experience as TA or instructor (HPO + HE)</li>
<li>first author disease notes and research notes (HPO + HE)</li>
<li>first author presentations (HPO + HE)</li>
<li>first author posters (HPO + HE)</li>
<li>non-peer reviewed articles, such as magazine articles in popular press (LPO + HE)</li>
<li><strong>active participation in your scientific society (LPO + LE)</strong></li>
<li>book reviews (LPO + HE)</li>
<li>reviewing manuscripts (LPO + HE)</li>
<li>active participation in your local club (LPO + HE)</li>
</ol>
<p><br></p>
</div>
</div>
<div id="pitfalls" class="section level3">
<h3>4. Pitfalls</h3>
<p>Some of the items listed above were both low pay-off and low effort (bold). Other items are low pay-off and high effort (numbers 9 to 13). Both of these categories represent time sinks and pitfalls that we should avoid. This is because low effort tasks do not take much effort, so it is easy to spend too much time here. However, due to the low pay-off from these activities, we don’t get much in return. We should minimize the amount of time spent on these activities. Likewise, items listed as low pay-off and high effort are definitely not worth much time on a daily basis. These will take a lot of time to complete with very little reward. Make sure to eliminate these items from your priority list and focus only on the most important tasks.</p>
<p><br></p>
</div>
<div id="priority-list" class="section level3">
<h3>5. Priority List</h3>
<ol style="list-style-type: decimal">
<li>middle author on peer-reviewed manuscripts and reviews (HPO + LE)</li>
<li>creating own professional website (HPO + LE)</li>
<li>first author on peer-reviewed manuscripts and reviews (HPO + HE)</li>
<li>teaching experience as TA or instructor (HPO + HE)</li>
<li>first author disease notes and research notes (HPO + HE)</li>
<li>first author presentations (HPO + HE)</li>
<li>first author posters (HPO + HE)</li>
</ol>
<p><br></p>
</div>
<div id="get-started-right" class="section level3">
<h3>Get Started Right</h3>
<p>Now that our priority list has been reduced and is ranked according to how much it will benefit us and use our time, we can plan our day and even start planning the semester. A great way to get started on this list is to <strong>begin with items that are high pay-off and low effort</strong>. This way you can feel success and it will pay-off for you quickly. In our example, that would include contributing as a co-author for someone else’s manuscript and creating a professional website to highligh our interests and work. The third item on the list is a big one, working on a first author peer-reviewed manuscript or review article. <strong>To accomplish projects that are both high pay-off and require high effort, the key is to spend time on this on a daily basis.</strong> Remember, spending just 10 minutes per day will turn into an entire 40-hour work week of time by the end of a year. So, spend time on those activities daily to reduce the burden.</p>
</div>
<div id="reflection-on-this-article" class="section level3">
<h3>Reflection on this Article</h3>
<p>I had the opportunity to use this article as the basis for a classroom activity this summer as part of my professional development course. After seeing reactions to this approach, I want to re-emphasize that the initial list of items that were used to illustrate this process must be personalized to include only items that are realistic components of your CV and your desired career after graduate school (ie. industry, academia, government, NGO, etc.).</p>
<!-- ```{r echo=FALSE} -->
<!-- library(gridExtra) -->
<!-- library(grid) -->
<!-- d <- matrix(data = c(1,2,3,4), dimnames = list(c("High pay-off", "Low pay-off"), c("High effort", "Low Effort")), nrow = 2, ncol = 2, byrow = TRUE) -->
<!-- grid.table(d) -->
<!-- ``` -->
</div>
<footer role="contentinfo" id="site-footer" align="center">
<!-- /.bottom-menu -->
<br>
<br>
<br>
This site was created and is maintained by Sydney Everhart <class="Copyright">© 2017-2019
<br>
Powered by <a href="http://www.r-project.org">R</a> + <a href="http://rmarkdown.rstudio.com"> RMarkdown</a> + <a href="http://github.com">Github</a>.
</footer>
</div>
</div>
</div>
<script>
// add bootstrap table styles to pandoc tables
function bootstrapStylePandocTables() {
$('tr.header').parent('thead').parent('table').addClass('table table-condensed');
}
$(document).ready(function () {
bootstrapStylePandocTables();
});
</script>
<!-- tabsets -->
<script>
$(document).ready(function () {
window.buildTabsets("TOC");
});
$(document).ready(function () {
$('.tabset-dropdown > .nav-tabs > li').click(function () {
$(this).parent().toggleClass('nav-tabs-open')
});
});
</script>
<!-- code folding -->
<script>
$(document).ready(function () {
// move toc-ignore selectors from section div to header
$('div.section.toc-ignore')
.removeClass('toc-ignore')
.children('h1,h2,h3,h4,h5').addClass('toc-ignore');
// establish options
var options = {
selectors: "h1,h2,h3",
theme: "bootstrap3",
context: '.toc-content',
hashGenerator: function (text) {
return text.replace(/[.\\/?&!#<>]/g, '').replace(/\s/g, '_').toLowerCase();
},
ignoreSelector: ".toc-ignore",
scrollTo: 0
};
options.showAndHide = true;
options.smoothScroll = true;
// tocify
var toc = $("#TOC").tocify(options).data("toc-tocify");
});
</script>
<!-- dynamically load mathjax for compatibility with self-contained -->
<script>
(function () {
var script = document.createElement("script");
script.type = "text/javascript";
script.src = "https://mathjax.rstudio.com/latest/MathJax.js?config=TeX-AMS-MML_HTMLorMML";
document.getElementsByTagName("head")[0].appendChild(script);
})();
</script>
</body>
</html>