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feat: add pathfinding exercise (#2537)
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‎exercises/relative-distance/canonical-data.json

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{
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"exercise": "relative-distance",
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"cases": [
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{
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"uuid": "4a1ded74-5d32-47fb-8ae5-321f51d06b5b",
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"description": "Direct parent-child relation",
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"property": "degreeOfSeparation",
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"input": {
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"familyTree": {
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"Vera": ["Tomoko"],
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"Tomoko": ["Aditi"]
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},
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"personA": "Vera",
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"personB": "Tomoko"
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},
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"expected": 1
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},
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{
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"uuid": "30d17269-83e9-4f82-a0d7-8ef9656d8dce",
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"description": "Sibling relationship",
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"property": "degreeOfSeparation",
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"input": {
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"familyTree": {
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"Dalia": ["Olga", "Yassin"]
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},
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"personA": "Olga",
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"personB": "Yassin"
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},
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"expected": 1
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},
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{
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"uuid": "8dffa27d-a8ab-496d-80b3-2f21c77648b5",
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"description": "Two degrees of separation, grandchild",
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"property": "degreeOfSeparation",
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"input": {
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"familyTree": {
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"Khadija": ["Mateo"],
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"Mateo": ["Rami"]
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},
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"personA": "Khadija",
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"personB": "Rami"
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},
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"expected": 2
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},
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{
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"uuid": "34e56ec1-d528-4a42-908e-020a4606ee60",
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"description": "Unrelated individuals",
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"comments": [
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"Some languages may return 0, -1 or similar to indicate no relation"
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],
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"property": "degreeOfSeparation",
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"input": {
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"familyTree": {
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"Priya": ["Rami"],
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"Kaito": ["Elif"]
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},
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"personA": "Priya",
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"personB": "Kaito"
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},
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"expected": null
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},
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{
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"uuid": "93ffe989-bad2-48c4-878f-3acb1ce2611b",
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"description": "Complex graph, cousins",
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"property": "degreeOfSeparation",
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"input": {
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"familyTree": {
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"Aiko": ["Bao", "Carlos"],
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"Bao": ["Dalia", "Elias"],
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"Carlos": ["Fatima", "Gustavo"],
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"Dalia": ["Hassan", "Isla"],
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"Elias": ["Javier"],
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"Fatima": ["Khadija", "Liam"],
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"Gustavo": ["Mina"],
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"Hassan": ["Noah", "Olga"],
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"Isla": ["Pedro"],
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"Javier": ["Quynh", "Ravi"],
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"Khadija": ["Sofia"],
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"Liam": ["Tariq", "Uma"],
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"Mina": ["Viktor", "Wang"],
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"Noah": ["Xiomara"],
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"Olga": ["Yuki"],
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"Pedro": ["Zane", "Aditi"],
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"Quynh": ["Boris"],
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"Ravi": ["Celine"],
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"Sofia": ["Diego", "Elif"],
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"Tariq": ["Farah"],
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"Uma": ["Giorgio"],
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"Viktor": ["Hana", "Ian"],
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"Wang": ["Jing"],
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"Xiomara": ["Kaito"],
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"Yuki": ["Leila"],
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"Zane": ["Mateo"],
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"Aditi": ["Nia"],
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"Boris": ["Oscar"],
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"Celine": ["Priya"],
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"Diego": ["Qi"],
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"Elif": ["Rami"],
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"Farah": ["Sven"],
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"Giorgio": ["Tomoko"],
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"Hana": ["Umar"],
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"Ian": ["Vera"],
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"Jing": ["Wyatt"],
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"Kaito": ["Xia"],
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"Leila": ["Yassin"],
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"Mateo": ["Zara"],
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"Nia": ["Antonio"],
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"Oscar": ["Bianca"],
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"Priya": ["Cai"],
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"Qi": ["Dimitri"],
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"Rami": ["Ewa"],
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"Sven": ["Fabio"],
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"Tomoko": ["Gabriela"],
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"Umar": ["Helena"],
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"Vera": ["Igor"],
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"Wyatt": ["Jun"],
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"Xia": ["Kim"],
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"Yassin": ["Lucia"],
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"Zara": ["Mohammed"]
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},
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"personA": "Dimitri",
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"personB": "Fabio"
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},
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"expected": 4
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},
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{
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"uuid": "2cc2e76b-013a-433c-9486-1dbe29bf06e5",
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"description": "Complex graph, no shortcut, far removed nephew",
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"property": "degreeOfSeparation",
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"input": {
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"familyTree": {
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"Aiko": ["Bao", "Carlos"],
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"Bao": ["Dalia", "Elias"],
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"Carlos": ["Fatima", "Gustavo"],
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"Dalia": ["Hassan", "Isla"],
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"Elias": ["Javier"],
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"Fatima": ["Khadija", "Liam"],
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"Gustavo": ["Mina"],
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"Hassan": ["Noah", "Olga"],
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"Isla": ["Pedro"],
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"Javier": ["Quynh", "Ravi"],
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"Khadija": ["Sofia"],
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"Liam": ["Tariq", "Uma"],
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"Mina": ["Viktor", "Wang"],
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"Noah": ["Xiomara"],
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"Olga": ["Yuki"],
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"Pedro": ["Zane", "Aditi"],
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"Quynh": ["Boris"],
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"Ravi": ["Celine"],
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"Sofia": ["Diego", "Elif"],
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"Tariq": ["Farah"],
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"Uma": ["Giorgio"],
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"Viktor": ["Hana", "Ian"],
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"Wang": ["Jing"],
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"Xiomara": ["Kaito"],
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"Yuki": ["Leila"],
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"Zane": ["Mateo"],
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"Aditi": ["Nia"],
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"Boris": ["Oscar"],
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"Celine": ["Priya"],
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"Diego": ["Qi"],
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"Elif": ["Rami"],
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"Farah": ["Sven"],
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"Giorgio": ["Tomoko"],
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"Hana": ["Umar"],
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"Ian": ["Vera"],
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"Jing": ["Wyatt"],
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"Kaito": ["Xia"],
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"Leila": ["Yassin"],
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"Mateo": ["Zara"],
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"Nia": ["Antonio"],
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"Oscar": ["Bianca"],
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"Priya": ["Cai"],
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"Qi": ["Dimitri"],
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"Rami": ["Ewa"],
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"Sven": ["Fabio"],
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"Tomoko": ["Gabriela"],
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"Umar": ["Helena"],
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"Vera": ["Igor"],
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"Wyatt": ["Jun"],
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"Xia": ["Kim"],
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"Yassin": ["Lucia"],
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"Zara": ["Mohammed"]
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},
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"personA": "Lucia",
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"personB": "Jun"
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},
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"expected": 15
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},
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{
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"uuid": "46c9fbcb-e464-455f-a718-049ea3c7400a",
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"description": "Complex graph, some shortcuts, cross-down and cross-up, cousins three times removed",
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"property": "degreeOfSeparation",
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"input": {
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"familyTree": {
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"Aiko": ["Bao", "Carlos"],
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"Bao": ["Dalia", "Elias"],
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"Carlos": ["Fatima", "Gustavo"],
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"Dalia": ["Hassan", "Isla"],
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"Elias": ["Javier"],
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"Fatima": ["Khadija", "Liam"],
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"Gustavo": ["Mina"],
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"Hassan": ["Noah", "Olga"],
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"Isla": ["Pedro"],
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"Javier": ["Quynh", "Ravi"],
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"Khadija": ["Viktor"],
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"Liam": ["Tariq", "Uma"],
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"Mina": ["Viktor", "Wang"],
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"Noah": ["Xiomara"],
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"Olga": ["Yuki"],
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"Pedro": ["Zane", "Aditi"],
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"Quynh": ["Boris"],
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"Ravi": ["Celine"],
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"Sofia": ["Diego", "Elif"],
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"Tariq": ["Farah"],
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"Uma": ["Giorgio"],
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"Viktor": ["Hana", "Ian"],
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"Wang": ["Jing"],
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"Xiomara": ["Kaito"],
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"Yuki": ["Leila"],
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"Zane": ["Mateo"],
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"Aditi": ["Nia"],
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"Boris": ["Oscar"],
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"Celine": ["Priya"],
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"Diego": ["Qi"],
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"Elif": ["Rami"],
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"Farah": ["Sven"],
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"Giorgio": ["Tomoko"],
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"Hana": ["Umar"],
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"Ian": ["Vera"],
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"Jing": ["Wyatt"],
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"Kaito": ["Xia"],
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"Leila": ["Yassin"],
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"Mateo": ["Zara"],
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"Nia": ["Antonio"],
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"Oscar": ["Bianca"],
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"Priya": ["Cai"],
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"Qi": ["Dimitri"],
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"Rami": ["Ewa"],
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"Sven": ["Fabio"],
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"Tomoko": ["Gabriela"],
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"Umar": ["Helena"],
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"Vera": ["Igor"],
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"Wyatt": ["Jun"],
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"Xia": ["Kim"],
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"Yassin": ["Lucia"],
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"Zara": ["Mohammed"]
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},
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"personA": "Tomoko",
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"personB": "Qi"
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},
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"expected": 8
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}
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]
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}

‎exercises/relative-distance/instructions.md

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# Instructions
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Your task is to determine the degree of separation between two individuals in a family tree.
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- You will be given an input, with all parent names and their children.
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- Each name is unique, a child _can_ have one or two parents.
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- The degree of separation is defined as the shortest number of connections from one person to another.
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- If two individuals are not connected, return a value that represents "no known relationship."
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Please see the test cases for the actual implementation.
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## Example
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Given the following family tree:
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```text
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┌──────────┐ ┌──────────┐ ┌───────────┐
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│ Helena │ │ Erdős │ │ Shusaku │
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└───┬───┬──┘ └─────┬────┘ └──────┬────┘
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┌───┘ └───────┐ └──────┬──────┘
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▼ ▼ ▼
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┌──────────┐ ┌────────┐ ┌──────────┐
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│ Isla │ │ Tariq │ │ Kevin │
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└────┬─────┘ └────┬───┘ └──────────┘
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▼ ▼
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┌─────────┐ ┌────────┐
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│ Uma │ │ Morphy │
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└─────────┘ └────────┘
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```
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The degree of separation between Tariq and Uma is 3 (Tariq → Helena → Isla → Uma).
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There's no known relationship between Isla and [Kevin][six-bacons], as there is no connection in the given data.
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The degree of separation between Uma and Isla is 1.
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[six-bacons]: https://en.m.wikipedia.org/wiki/Six_Degrees_of_Kevin_Bacon

‎exercises/relative-distance/introduction.md

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# Introduction
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You've been hired to develop **Noble Knots**, the hottest new dating app for nobility!
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With centuries of royal intermarriage, things have gotten… _complicated_.
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To avoid any _oops-we're-twins_ situations, your job is to build a system that checks how closely two people are related.
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Noble Knots is inspired by Iceland's "[Islendinga-App][islendiga-app]," which is backed up by a database that traces all known family connections between Icelanders from the time of the settlement of Iceland.
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Your algorithm will determine the **degree of separation** between two individuals in the royal family tree.
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Will your app help crown a perfect match?
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[islendiga-app]: http://www.islendingaapp.is/information-in-english/

‎exercises/relative-distance/metadata.toml

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title = "Relative Distance"
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blurb = "Given a family tree, calculate the degree of separation."
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source = "vaeng"
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source_url = "https://github.com/exercism/problem-specifications/pull/2537"

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