proxymux.go

package main

import (
	"net"
	"net/http"
	"net/url"
	"path"
	"strings"
	"sync"
)

// ProxyMux is an HTTP request multiplexer.
// It matches the URL of each incoming request against a list of registered
// patterns and calls the handler for the pattern that
// most closely matches the URL.
//
// Patterns name fixed, rooted paths, like "/favicon.ico",
// or rooted subtrees, like "/images/" (note the trailing slash).
// Longer patterns take precedence over shorter ones, so that
// if there are handlers registered for both "/images/"
// and "/images/thumbnails/", the latter handler will be
// called for paths beginning "/images/thumbnails/" and the
// former will receive requests for any other paths in the
// "/images/" subtree.
//
// Note that since a pattern ending in a slash names a rooted subtree,
// the pattern "/" matches all paths not matched by other registered
// patterns, not just the URL with Path == "/".
//
// If a subtree has been registered and a request is received naming the
// subtree root without its trailing slash, ProxyMux redirects that
// request to the subtree root (adding the trailing slash). This behavior can
// be overridden with a separate registration for the path without
// the trailing slash. For example, registering "/images/" causes ProxyMux
// to redirect a request for "/images" to "/images/", unless "/images" has
// been registered separately.
//
// Patterns may optionally begin with a host name, restricting matches to
// URLs on that host only. Host-specific patterns take precedence over
// general patterns, so that a handler might register for the two patterns
// "/codesearch" and "codesearch.google.com/" without also taking over
// requests for "http://www.google.com/".
//
// ProxyMux also takes care of sanitizing the URL request path,
// redirecting any request containing . or .. elements or repeated slashes
// to an equivalent, cleaner URL.
type ProxyMux struct {
	mu    sync.RWMutex
	m     map[string]muxEntry
	hosts bool // whether any patterns contain hostnames
}

type muxEntry struct {
	h       http.Handler
	pattern string
}

// NewProxyMux allocates and returns a new ProxyMux.
func NewProxyMux() *ProxyMux { return new(ProxyMux) }

// DefaultProxyMux is the default ProxyMux used by Serve.
var DefaultProxyMux = &defaultProxyMux

var defaultProxyMux ProxyMux

// Does path match pattern?
func pathMatch(pattern, path string) bool {
	if len(pattern) == 0 {
		// should not happen
		return false
	}
	n := len(pattern)
	if pattern[n-1] != '/' {
		return pattern == path
	}
	return len(path) >= n && path[0:n] == pattern
}

// Return the canonical path for p, eliminating . and .. elements.
func cleanPath(p string) string {
	if p == "" {
		return "/"
	}
	if p[0] != '/' {
		p = "/" + p
	}
	np := path.Clean(p)
	// path.Clean removes trailing slash except for root;
	// put the trailing slash back if necessary.
	if p[len(p)-1] == '/' && np != "/" {
		np += "/"
	}
	return np
}

// stripHostPort returns h without any trailing ":<port>".
func stripHostPort(h string) string {
	// If no port on host, return unchanged
	if strings.IndexByte(h, ':') == -1 {
		return h
	}
	host, _, err := net.SplitHostPort(h)
	if err != nil {
		return h // on error, return unchanged
	}
	return host
}

// Find a handler on a handler map given a path string.
// Most-specific (longest) pattern wins.
func (mux *ProxyMux) match(path string) (h http.Handler, pattern string) {
	// Check for exact match first.
	v, ok := mux.m[path]
	if ok {
		return v.h, v.pattern
	}

	// Check for longest valid match.
	var n = 0
	for k, v := range mux.m {
		if !pathMatch(k, path) {
			continue
		}
		if h == nil || len(k) > n {
			n = len(k)
			h = v.h
			pattern = v.pattern
		}
	}
	return
}

// redirectToPathSlash determines if the given path needs appending "/" to it.
// This occurs when a handler for path + "/" was already registered, but
// not for path itself. If the path needs appending to, it creates a new
// URL, setting the path to u.Path + "/" and returning true to indicate so.
func (mux *ProxyMux) redirectToPathSlash(host, path string, u *url.URL) (*url.URL, bool) {
	if !mux.shouldRedirect(host, path) {
		return u, false
	}
	path = path + "/"
	u = &url.URL{Path: path, RawQuery: u.RawQuery}
	return u, true
}

// shouldRedirect reports whether the given path and host should be redirected to
// path+"/". This should happen if a handler is registered for path+"/" but
// not path -- see comments at ProxyMux.
func (mux *ProxyMux) shouldRedirect(host, path string) bool {
	p := []string{path, host + path}

	for _, c := range p {
		if _, exist := mux.m[c]; exist {
			return false
		}
	}

	n := len(path)
	if n == 0 {
		return false
	}
	for _, c := range p {
		if _, exist := mux.m[c+"/"]; exist {
			return path[n-1] != '/'
		}
	}

	return false
}

// http.Handler returns the handler to use for the given request,
// consulting r.Method, r.Host, and r.URL.Path. It always returns
// a non-nil handler. If the path is not in its canonical form, the
// handler will be an internally-generated handler that redirects
// to the canonical path. If the host contains a port, it is ignored
// when matching handlers.
//
// The path and host are used unchanged for CONNECT requests.
//
// http.Handler also returns the registered pattern that matches the
// request or, in the case of internally-generated redirects,
// the pattern that will match after following the redirect.
//
// If there is no registered handler that applies to the request,
// http.Handler returns a ``page not found'' handler and an empty pattern.
func (mux *ProxyMux) Handler(r *http.Request) (h http.Handler, pattern string) {

	// CONNECT requests are not canonicalized.
	if r.Method == "CONNECT" {
		// If r.URL.Path is /tree and its handler is not registered,
		// the /tree -> /tree/ redirect applies to CONNECT requests
		// but the path canonicalization does not.
		if u, ok := mux.redirectToPathSlash(r.URL.Host, r.URL.Path, r.URL); ok {
			return http.RedirectHandler(u.String(), http.StatusMovedPermanently), u.Path
		}

		return mux.handler(r.Host, r.URL.Path)
	}

	// All other requests have any port stripped and path cleaned
	// before passing to mux.handler.
	host := stripHostPort(r.Host)
	path := cleanPath(r.URL.Path)

	// If the given path is /tree and its handler is not registered,
	// redirect for /tree/.
	if u, ok := mux.redirectToPathSlash(host, path, r.URL); ok {
		return http.RedirectHandler(u.String(), http.StatusMovedPermanently), u.Path
	}

	if path != r.URL.Path {
		_, pattern = mux.handler(host, path)
		url := *r.URL
		url.Path = path
		return http.RedirectHandler(url.String(), http.StatusMovedPermanently), pattern
	}

	return mux.handler(host, r.URL.Path)
}

// handler is the main implementation of http.Handler.
// The path is known to be in canonical form, except for CONNECT methods.
func (mux *ProxyMux) handler(host, path string) (h http.Handler, pattern string) {
	mux.mu.RLock()
	defer mux.mu.RUnlock()

	// Host-specific pattern takes precedence over generic ones
	if mux.hosts {
		h, pattern = mux.match(host + path)
	}
	if h == nil {
		h, pattern = mux.match(path)
	}
	if h == nil {
		h, pattern = http.NotFoundHandler(), ""
	}
	return
}

// ServeHTTP dispatches the request to the handler whose
// pattern most closely matches the request URL.
func (mux *ProxyMux) ServeHTTP(w http.ResponseWriter, r *http.Request) {
	if r.RequestURI == "*" {
		if r.ProtoAtLeast(1, 1) {
			w.Header().Set("Connection", "close")
		}
		w.WriteHeader(http.StatusBadRequest)
		return
	}
	h, _ := mux.Handler(r)
	h.ServeHTTP(w, r)
}

// Handle registers the handler for the given pattern.
// If a handler already exists for pattern, Handle panics.
func (mux *ProxyMux) Handle(pattern string, handler http.Handler) {
	mux.mu.Lock()
	defer mux.mu.Unlock()

	if pattern == "" {
		panic("http: invalid pattern")
	}
	if handler == nil {
		panic("http: nil handler")
	}
	if _, exist := mux.m[pattern]; exist {
		panic("http: multiple registrations for " + pattern)
	}

	if mux.m == nil {
		mux.m = make(map[string]muxEntry)
	}
	mux.m[pattern] = muxEntry{h: handler, pattern: pattern}

	if pattern[0] != '/' {
		mux.hosts = true
	}
}

// HandleFunc registers the handler function for the given pattern.
func (mux *ProxyMux) HandleFunc(pattern string, handler func(http.ResponseWriter, *http.Request)) {
	mux.Handle(pattern, http.HandlerFunc(handler))
}

func (mux *ProxyMux) Deregister(pattern string) error {
	mux.mu.Lock()
	defer mux.mu.Unlock()
	delete(mux.m, pattern)
	return nil
}