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**No longer supported. iocage is being rewritten in a different language. To fetch 10.3-RELEASE or above, supply the release to iocage:

`iocage fetch release=10.3-RELEASE`

This will skip the interactive dialog and proceed.

iocage

A FreeBSD jail manager.

iocage is a jail/container manager amalgamating some off the best features and technologies the FreeBSD operating system has to offer. It is geared for ease of use with a simple and easy to understand command syntax.

iocage is in the FreeBSD ports tree as sysutils/iocage. To install using binary packages, simply run: pkg install iocage

To build from source, iocage requires the master branch of libucl and uclcmd to also be built.

WARNING:

The develop branch may not be functional at any given point. This is where a lot of experimental work gets done. No guarantees for stability or migrations within the branch are given. Things can and do change rapidly. Please don't use it if you require stability.

####Raising an issue:

We like issues! If you are having trouble with iocage please open a GitHub issue and we will run around with our hair on fire look into it. Before doing so, please give us some information about the situation:

  • Tell us what version of FreeBSD you are using with something like uname -ro
  • It would also be helpful if you gave us the output of iocage version
  • Most importantly, try to be detailed. Simply stating "I tried consoling into a jail and it broke" will not help us very much. However, saying something like this helps much, much more:

"I tried to console into a template jail, but it failed with this error in which I pasted below:"

gasgiant ~ # iocage list -t
JID  UUID                                  BOOT  STATE  TAG     TYPE
-    XXXXXXXX-XXXX-XXXX-a5be-3417ebb13845  off   down   pepperd  template
gasgiant ~ # iocage console salted
cannot open 'zroot/iocage/jails/XXXXXXXX-XXXX-XXXX-a5be-3417ebb13845': dataset does not exist
cannot open 'zroot/iocage/jails/XXXXXXXX-XXXX-XXXX-a5be-3417ebb13845': dataset does not exist
[: -ne: unexpected operator
  ERROR: jail: pepperd is not running!
  • Use the Markdown Basics GitHub page for more information on how to paste lines of code and terminal output.

FEATURES:

  • Templates, basejails and empty jails
  • Ease of use
  • Zero configuration files
  • Rapid thin provisioning within seconds
  • Automatic package installation
  • Virtual networking stacks (vnet)
  • Shared IP based jails (non vnet)
  • Resource limits (CPU, MEMORY, etc.)
  • Filesystem quotas and reservations
  • Dedicated ZFS datasets inside jails
  • Transparent ZFS snapshot management
  • Binary updates
  • Differential jail packaging
  • Export and import
  • And many more!

QUICK HOWTO:

Fetch a release:

iocage fetch

Create a jail:

iocage create tag=myjail ip4_addr="em0|192.168.1.10/24"

Start the jail:

iocage start myjail

USAGE:

  iocage [-v] activate ZPOOL
  iocage [-v] cap UUID|TAG
  iocage [-v] clean [-f] [-a|-r|-j|-t]
  iocage [-v] clone UUID|TAG [UUID|TAG@snapshot] [property=value]
  iocage [-v] console [-f] UUID|TAG
  iocage [-v] create [-e] [release=[RELEASE|NAME]] [pkglist=file] [property=value] [count=value]
  iocage [-v] deactivate ZPOOL
  iocage [-v] defaults
  iocage [-v] destroy [-f] UUID|TAG
  iocage [-v] df
  iocage [-v] exec [-u username | -U username] UUID|TAG|ALL command [arg ...]
  iocage [-v] export UUID|TAG
  iocage [-v] fetch [-p|-P] [release=RELEASE | ftphost=ftp.hostname.org |
                    ftpdir=/dir/ | ftpfiles="base.txz doc.txz lib32.txz src.txz"]
                    [ ftplocaldir=/dir/ ] [ compression=ALGO ]
  iocage [-v] get [-r] property|all UUID|TAG
  iocage [-v] help
  iocage [-v] import UUID [property=value]
  iocage [-v] init-host IP ZPOOL
  iocage [-v] inuse UUID|TAG
  iocage [-v] pkg TAG pkg_cmd
  iocage [-v] limits [UUID|TAG]
  iocage [-v] list [-t|-r|-s jid|uuid|boot|state|tag|type|ip4]
  iocage [-v] promote UUID|TAG
  iocage [-v] rcboot
  iocage [-v] reboot|restart [-s] UUID|TAG
  iocage [-v] rcshutdown
  iocage [-v] reset UUID|TAG|ALL
  iocage [-v] rollback UUID|TAG@snapshotname
  iocage [-v] runtime UUID|TAG
  iocage [-v] send [-c|-i|-I|-h|-u|-m] POOL
  iocage [-v] set property=value [property=value] UUID|TAG
  iocage [-v] snaplist UUID|TAG
  iocage [-v] snapmount UUID|TAG@snapshotname DESTINATION
  iocage [-v] snapremove UUID|TAG@snapshotname|ALL
  iocage [-v] snapshot|snap [-f|-r] UUID|TAG [UUID|TAG@snapshotname]
  iocage [-v] snapumount UUID|TAG@snapshotname
  iocage [-v] start [-f] UUID|TAG
  iocage [-v] stop UUID|TAG|ALL
  iocage [-v] uncap UUID|TAG
  iocage [-v] update [-p|-P] UUID|TAG|RELEASE
  iocage [-v] upgrade UUID|TAG [release=RELEASE]
  iocage [-v] version | --version

REQUIREMENTS

  • FreeBSD 9.3-RELEASE amd64 or newer

  • ZFS file system

  • Optional - Kernel compiled with:

      # This is optional and only needed if you need VNET and resource
  # limits

  options         VIMAGE # VNET/Vimage support
  options         RACCT  # Resource containers
  options         RCTL   # same as above

OTHER CONSIDERATIONS

  • For resource limiting please read rctl(8)
  • For the explanations on jail properties read jail(8)

HINTS

  • Use iocage set/get to modify properties

  • To understand what most properties do read iocage(8).

  • If using VNET consider adding the following to /etc/sysctl.conf on the host:

      net.inet.ip.forwarding=1       # Enable IP forwarding between interfaces
  net.link.bridge.pfil_onlyip=0  # Only pass IP packets when pfil is enabled
  net.link.bridge.pfil_bridge=0  # Packet filter on the bridge interface
  net.link.bridge.pfil_member=0  # Packet filter on the member interface