package <-> dbt version compatibility

[cmcarthur]

right now, packages have no metadata about which version of dbt is required. all of the logic is built out for working with versions, it just needs to get re-used to manage dbt <> package version relationships.

Example:

dbt_project.yml

name: my_project
version: 1.0.0

require-dbt-version: "<0.13.0"

The require-dbt-version config should be a semver specification as defined here: https://github.com/fishtown-analytics/dbt/blob/9398ccd82020457ced76bc460ec9d68121d09ce4/dbt/semver.py#L31

When dbt runs a project, it should check that the version of dbt is compatible with the required version for the project. This check should also apply to any packages included as dependencies.

dbt should also provide a CLI arg to ignore this check. If the flag (eg. --no-version-check) is provided, then dbt should run the project as normal. If a package is incompatible with a given version of dbt and --no-version-check is not provided, dbt should show the following error message and then exit.

This version of dbt is not supported with the '{package}' package.
  Installed version of dbt: {dbt version}
  Required version of dbt for '{package}': {version spec}

Check the requirements for the '{package}' package, or run dbt again with --no-version-check

[beckjake]

Closed by #1178