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Today's analysis combined proven dependency injection pattern analysis (50% - adapted from our successful interface-segregation strategy) with new magic number and constant analysis (50%). The investigation revealed 7 high-impact findings across 1,365 Go files in the codebase.
Key Discoveries:
Constructor Explosion: 23 NewPermissions*() factory functions creating massive API bloat in a single 202-line file
Singleton Pattern: GetGlobalEngineRegistry() called 24 times without dependency injection, creating tight coupling
Magic Number Proliferation: Hardcoded time limits (12, 52, 365, 8760, 525600) and port numbers (80, 3000, 3001) scattered across validation logic
Missing Constants: Critical validation thresholds defined inline rather than as named constants
This analysis generated 3 actionable improvement tasks with clear refactoring paths that will significantly improve code maintainability, testability, and clarity.
🛠️ Serena Tools Update
Tools Snapshot
Total Tools Available: 23
New Tools Since Last Run: None
Removed Tools: None
Modified Tools: None
Note: Serena Language Server was not initialized during this run (consistent with 2026-01-31). Analysis successfully executed using grep/bash fallback tools which have proven highly effective in previous runs.
Tool Capabilities Used Today
search_for_pattern - Pattern-based code search for constructors and constants
grep - Fast text search for magic numbers and function patterns
read - File content analysis for struct definitions
bash - Shell commands for counting and aggregation
Why Reused: This strategy excelled at identifying architectural patterns like singleton usage and constructor proliferation. It previously found GetGlobalEngineRegistry singleton (26 usages) and the CodingAgentEngine interface bloat (18 methods).
Modifications: Shifted focus from interface segregation to constructor pattern analysis, specifically targeting factory method explosion and dependency injection opportunities.
New Exploration Component (50%)
Novel Approach: Magic number and constant analysis
Tools Employed: search_for_pattern, grep, read
Hypothesis: Hardcoded numeric literals in validation logic and configuration create maintainability issues and obscure business rules. Named constants would improve code clarity and enable centralized policy management.
Target Areas:
Time validation thresholds in pkg/workflow/time_delta.go
Port number assignments in MCP configuration
Validation limits scattered across the codebase
Combined Strategy Rationale
These two components synergize perfectly:
Constructor patterns reveal API design issues and dependency injection opportunities
Affected Files: 1 (202 lines dedicated to constructors)
Risk: New permission combinations require new constructor functions, leading to combinatorial explosion. This is unsustainable as the number of permission scopes grows.
Recommendation: Replace with builder pattern or functional options pattern (similar to the existing CompilerOption approach in compiler_types.go).
2. GetGlobalEngineRegistry Singleton Pattern
File: pkg/workflow/agentic_engine.go:303 and 24 usage sites
Issue: Global singleton accessed via GetGlobalEngineRegistry() creates tight coupling and makes testing difficult.
Evidence:
funcGetGlobalEngineRegistry() *EngineRegistry {
registryInitOnce.Do(func() {
globalRegistry=NewEngineRegistry()
// ... register engines ...
})
returnglobalRegistry
}
// Found 24 calls to GetGlobalEngineRegistry() across codebase// Example from compiler_types.go:145c:=&Compiler{
// ...engineRegistry: GetGlobalEngineRegistry(), // Tight coupling// ...
}
Recommendation: Define standard validation constants (MinPortNumber, MaxPortNumber).
6. Hardcoded Timeout Values
Files: Multiple files with hardcoded durations
Issue: Time.Sleep() and timeout values are hardcoded without constants.
Evidence:
// Found 24 instances of hardcoded time.Sleep() calls in test filestime.Sleep(2*time.Second) // cli/trial_repository.go:117time.Sleep(500*time.Millisecond) // cli/mcp_inspect.go:114time.Sleep(100*time.Millisecond) // Multiple test files
Impact:
Severity: Medium
Affected Files: 24+ files
Risk: Difficult to tune timing behavior, test flakiness
Recommendation: Extract common timeout durations to constants in test utility package.
7. Complex Struct Initialization Without Builders
Files: pkg/workflow/compiler_types.go:96-128
Issue: The Compiler struct has 27 fields but uses a mix of patterns: some with functional options, many with setter methods.
Evidence:
typeCompilerstruct {
verboseboolquietboolengineOverridestringcustomOutputstringversionstringskipValidationboolnoEmitboolstrictModebooltrialModebooltrialLogicalRepoSlugstringrefreshStopTimeboolforceRefreshActionPinsboolfailFastboolactionCacheClearedboolmarkdownPathstringactionModeActionModeactionTagstringjobManager*JobManagerengineRegistry*EngineRegistryfileTrackerFileTrackerwarningCountintstepOrderTracker*StepOrderTrackeractionCache*ActionCacheactionResolver*ActionResolveractionPinWarningsmap[string]boolimportCache*parser.ImportCacheworkflowIdentifierstringscheduleWarnings []stringrepositorySlugstringartifactManager*ArtifactManagerscheduleFriendlyFormatsmap[int]string
}
// Mix of patterns:// - NewCompiler(opts ...CompilerOption) uses functional options// - But also: SetSkipValidation(), SetQuiet(), SetNoEmit(), SetFileTracker(), SetTrialMode(), SetStrictMode(), etc.
Impact:
Severity: Medium
Affected Files: 1
Risk: Inconsistent initialization API leads to confusion about which pattern to use
Recommendation: Fully migrate to functional options pattern, deprecate setter methods.
✅ Improvement Tasks Generated
Task 1: Replace Permissions Factory Explosion with Builder Pattern
Issue Type: Constructor Proliferation / API Design
Problem:
The permissions_factory.go file contains 23 separate constructor functions (NewPermissions*()) creating every possible combination of permission scopes. This approach doesn't scale and violates DRY principles. Each new permission combination requires a new function, leading to combinatorial explosion.
Location(s):
pkg/workflow/permissions_factory.go:8-202 - All 23 constructor functions
Usage sites: Found 424 SafeOutputsConfig{} initializations across codebase
Impact:
Severity: High
Affected Files: 1 main file + 424+ usage sites
Risk: Unsustainable growth as permission scopes increase. Currently at 23 constructors; adding one more scope could require doubling this number.
Recommendation:
Replace factory explosion with fluent builder pattern modeled after the existing CompilerOption functional options pattern.
Implement PermissionsBuilder struct with fluent API
Add builder methods for each permission scope
Keep existing factory functions as deprecated wrappers during migration
Migrate internal usage to builder pattern
Run existing tests to ensure backward compatibility
Update documentation with builder pattern examples
Mark old factory functions as deprecated with //deprecated comments
Estimated Effort: Medium (2-3 days) Migration Path: Gradual - Keep old factories as deprecated wrappers calling builder
Task 2: Extract Magic Numbers to Named Constants with Policy Documentation
Issue Type: Code Clarity / Maintainability
Problem:
Critical validation thresholds (12 months, 52 weeks, 365 days, 8760 hours, 525600 minutes) are hardcoded inline in time_delta.go. This obscures the business rule (maximum 1-year time delta) and makes policy changes require coordinated updates across multiple lines.
Location(s):
pkg/workflow/time_delta.go:142-156 - Five magic number comparisons
pkg/workflow/mcp_gateway_constants.go:37 - Port 80
pkg/workflow/sandbox_validation.go:158 - Port range 1-65535
Impact:
Severity: High
Affected Files: 4
Risk:
Business rules are obscured by scattered magic numbers
Policy changes require finding and updating multiple locations
Inconsistent documentation (some have comments, some don't)
Recommendation:
Extract to named constants with clear policy documentation in appropriate constant files.
Before:
// pkg/workflow/time_delta.go:142-156ifdelta.Months>12 {
returnnil, fmt.Errorf("time delta too large: %d months exceeds maximum of 12 months", delta.Months)
}
ifdelta.Weeks>52 {
returnnil, fmt.Errorf("time delta too large: %d weeks exceeds maximum of 52 weeks", delta.Weeks)
}
ifdelta.Days>365 {
returnnil, fmt.Errorf("time delta too large: %d days exceeds maximum of 365 days", delta.Days)
}
ifdelta.Hours>8760 { // 365 * 24returnnil, fmt.Errorf("time delta too large: %d hours exceeds maximum of 8760 hours", delta.Hours)
}
ifdelta.Minutes>525600 { // 365 * 24 * 60returnnil, fmt.Errorf("time delta too large: %d minutes exceeds maximum of 525600 minutes", delta.Minutes)
}
After:
// pkg/workflow/time_delta_constants.go (new file)package workflow
// Time delta validation limits// Policy: Maximum stop-after time is 1 year to prevent scheduling too far in the futureconst (
MaxTimeDeltaMonths=12// 1 yearMaxTimeDeltaWeeks=52// 1 year (approximately)MaxTimeDeltaDays=365// 1 yearMaxTimeDeltaHours=8760// 1 year (365 * 24)MaxTimeDeltaMinutes=525600// 1 year (365 * 24 * 60)
)
// pkg/workflow/time_delta.go - Refactored validationifdelta.Months>MaxTimeDeltaMonths {
returnnil, fmt.Errorf("time delta too large: %d months exceeds maximum of %d months (1 year limit)",
delta.Months, MaxTimeDeltaMonths)
}
ifdelta.Weeks>MaxTimeDeltaWeeks {
returnnil, fmt.Errorf("time delta too large: %d weeks exceeds maximum of %d weeks (1 year limit)",
delta.Weeks, MaxTimeDeltaWeeks)
}
ifdelta.Days>MaxTimeDeltaDays {
returnnil, fmt.Errorf("time delta too large: %d days exceeds maximum of %d days (1 year limit)",
delta.Days, MaxTimeDeltaDays)
}
ifdelta.Hours>MaxTimeDeltaHours {
returnnil, fmt.Errorf("time delta too large: %d hours exceeds maximum of %d hours (1 year limit)",
delta.Hours, MaxTimeDeltaHours)
}
ifdelta.Minutes>MaxTimeDeltaMinutes {
returnnil, fmt.Errorf("time delta too large: %d minutes exceeds maximum of %d minutes (1 year limit)",
delta.Minutes, MaxTimeDeltaMinutes)
}
// pkg/constants/constants.go - Network constantsconst (
// MCP Server port configurationDefaultMCPGatewayPort=80// Gateway exposed on standard HTTP portDefaultMCPServerPort=3000// Internal MCP server default portDefaultMCPInspectorPort=3001// MCP inspector tool port// Port validation rangesMinNetworkPort=1MaxNetworkPort=65535
)
Validation:
Create pkg/workflow/time_delta_constants.go with time limit constants
Add MCP port constants to pkg/constants/constants.go
Update all hardcoded magic numbers to use named constants
Add policy documentation comments explaining the business rules
Run existing tests to ensure no behavior changes
Search for remaining magic numbers: grep -rn '\b[0-9]{2,}\b'
Task 3: Inject EngineRegistry Dependency Instead of Global Singleton
Issue Type: Dependency Injection / Testability
Problem: GetGlobalEngineRegistry() is called 24 times across the codebase, creating tight coupling to a global singleton. This makes unit testing difficult (can't inject mock registry) and prevents parallel test execution due to shared global state.
pkg/workflow/compiler_types.go:145 - Usage in NewCompiler()
22+ additional call sites across the codebase
Impact:
Severity: High
Affected Files: 24+ files
Risk:
Tight coupling makes isolated unit testing impossible
Global mutable state causes test pollution
Cannot test with mock/stub engine registries
Difficult to test error conditions in engine registration
Recommendation:
Pass *EngineRegistry as constructor parameter using dependency injection. Add functional option for backward compatibility during migration.
Today's strategy successfully adapted the high-performing "interface-segregation-package-boundaries-hybrid" approach, achieving the same 9/10 success score. The adaptation focused on:
Constructor pattern analysis (similar to interface method counting)
Dependency injection opportunities (similar to singleton detection from Jan 23)
New magic number analysis (completely novel component)
Cumulative Statistics
Total Runs: 17
Total Findings: 115 (avg 6.8 per run)
Total Tasks Generated: 51 (avg 3 per run)
Average Success Score: 8.82/10
Most Successful Strategy: Multiple strategies at 9.0/10
🎯 Recommendations
Immediate Actions
[High Priority] Implement permissions builder pattern to replace 23-constructor explosion
[High Priority] Extract time delta magic numbers to named constants with policy documentation
[Medium Priority] Add EngineRegistry dependency injection option for improved testability
Long-term Improvements
Architectural Patterns
Based on today's findings and historical analysis:
Complete Functional Options Migration
Compiler struct has 27 fields but uses mixed patterns (options + setters)
Migrate all setter methods to functional options for consistency
Reference: Successful CompilerOption pattern already in use
Singleton Elimination Strategy
GetGlobalEngineRegistry is one of multiple singletons in codebase
Previous runs found others (e.g., EngineRegistry, ActionCache patterns)
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Date: 2026-02-01
Strategy: constructor-explosion-magic-numbers-hybrid
Success Score: 9/10
Executive Summary
Today's analysis combined proven dependency injection pattern analysis (50% - adapted from our successful interface-segregation strategy) with new magic number and constant analysis (50%). The investigation revealed 7 high-impact findings across 1,365 Go files in the codebase.
Key Discoveries:
NewPermissions*()factory functions creating massive API bloat in a single 202-line fileGetGlobalEngineRegistry()called 24 times without dependency injection, creating tight couplingThis analysis generated 3 actionable improvement tasks with clear refactoring paths that will significantly improve code maintainability, testability, and clarity.
🛠️ Serena Tools Update
Tools Snapshot
Note: Serena Language Server was not initialized during this run (consistent with 2026-01-31). Analysis successfully executed using grep/bash fallback tools which have proven highly effective in previous runs.
Tool Capabilities Used Today
search_for_pattern- Pattern-based code search for constructors and constantsgrep- Fast text search for magic numbers and function patternsread- File content analysis for struct definitionsbash- Shell commands for counting and aggregation📊 Strategy Selection
Cached Reuse Component (50%)
Previous Strategy Adapted: interface-segregation-package-boundaries-hybrid
GetGlobalEngineRegistrysingleton (26 usages) and the CodingAgentEngine interface bloat (18 methods).New Exploration Component (50%)
Novel Approach: Magic number and constant analysis
search_for_pattern,grep,readpkg/workflow/time_delta.goCombined Strategy Rationale
These two components synergize perfectly:
🔍 Analysis Execution
Codebase Context
pkg/workflow/- Core workflow compilation logicpkg/workflow/permissions_factory.go- Permission constructor factorypkg/workflow/time_delta.go- Time validation logicpkg/workflow/compiler_types.go- Compiler initialization patternspkg/cli/- MCP inspection and configurationFindings Summary
📋 Detailed Findings
High Priority Issues
1. Permissions Factory Explosion (23 Constructors)
File:
pkg/workflow/permissions_factory.go:8-202Issue: 23 separate
NewPermissions*()constructor functions create massive API bloat and violate DRY principles.Evidence:
Impact:
Recommendation: Replace with builder pattern or functional options pattern (similar to the existing
CompilerOptionapproach incompiler_types.go).2. GetGlobalEngineRegistry Singleton Pattern
File:
pkg/workflow/agentic_engine.go:303and 24 usage sitesIssue: Global singleton accessed via
GetGlobalEngineRegistry()creates tight coupling and makes testing difficult.Evidence:
Impact:
GetGlobalEngineRegistry()Recommendation: Use dependency injection - pass
*EngineRegistryas parameter to constructors instead of accessing global singleton.3. Magic Numbers in Time Validation
File:
pkg/workflow/time_delta.go:142-156Issue: Hardcoded time limits (12 months, 52 weeks, 365 days, 8760 hours, 525600 minutes) are scattered inline without named constants.
Evidence:
Impact:
Recommendation: Extract to named constants with clear documentation.
Medium Priority Issues
4. Hardcoded Port Numbers in MCP Configuration
Files:
pkg/workflow/mcp_gateway_constants.go:37pkg/workflow/mcp_setup_generator.go:262pkg/workflow/mcp_setup_generator.go:383Issue: Port numbers (80, 3000, 3001) are hardcoded across multiple files.
Evidence:
Impact:
Recommendation: Centralize port number constants in
pkg/constants/constants.go.5. Hardcoded Validation Ranges
Files: Multiple validation files
Issue: Validation limits like port ranges (1-65535) are inline rather than constants.
Evidence:
Impact:
Recommendation: Define standard validation constants (MinPortNumber, MaxPortNumber).
6. Hardcoded Timeout Values
Files: Multiple files with hardcoded durations
Issue: Time.Sleep() and timeout values are hardcoded without constants.
Evidence:
Impact:
Recommendation: Extract common timeout durations to constants in test utility package.
7. Complex Struct Initialization Without Builders
Files:
pkg/workflow/compiler_types.go:96-128Issue: The
Compilerstruct has 27 fields but uses a mix of patterns: some with functional options, many with setter methods.Evidence:
Impact:
Recommendation: Fully migrate to functional options pattern, deprecate setter methods.
✅ Improvement Tasks Generated
Task 1: Replace Permissions Factory Explosion with Builder Pattern
Issue Type: Constructor Proliferation / API Design
Problem:
The
permissions_factory.gofile contains 23 separate constructor functions (NewPermissions*()) creating every possible combination of permission scopes. This approach doesn't scale and violates DRY principles. Each new permission combination requires a new function, leading to combinatorial explosion.Location(s):
pkg/workflow/permissions_factory.go:8-202- All 23 constructor functionsSafeOutputsConfig{}initializations across codebaseImpact:
Recommendation:
Replace factory explosion with fluent builder pattern modeled after the existing
CompilerOptionfunctional options pattern.Before:
After:
Validation:
PermissionsBuilderstruct with fluent APIEstimated Effort: Medium (2-3 days)
Migration Path: Gradual - Keep old factories as deprecated wrappers calling builder
Task 2: Extract Magic Numbers to Named Constants with Policy Documentation
Issue Type: Code Clarity / Maintainability
Problem:
Critical validation thresholds (12 months, 52 weeks, 365 days, 8760 hours, 525600 minutes) are hardcoded inline in
time_delta.go. This obscures the business rule (maximum 1-year time delta) and makes policy changes require coordinated updates across multiple lines.Location(s):
pkg/workflow/time_delta.go:142-156- Five magic number comparisonspkg/workflow/mcp_setup_generator.go:262,383- Hardcoded ports 3000, 3001pkg/workflow/mcp_gateway_constants.go:37- Port 80pkg/workflow/sandbox_validation.go:158- Port range 1-65535Impact:
Recommendation:
Extract to named constants with clear policy documentation in appropriate constant files.
Before:
After:
Validation:
pkg/workflow/time_delta_constants.gowith time limit constantspkg/constants/constants.gogrep -rn '\b[0-9]{2,}\b'Estimated Effort: Small (1 day)
Benefits: Improved code clarity, centralized policy documentation, easier future adjustments
Task 3: Inject EngineRegistry Dependency Instead of Global Singleton
Issue Type: Dependency Injection / Testability
Problem:
GetGlobalEngineRegistry()is called 24 times across the codebase, creating tight coupling to a global singleton. This makes unit testing difficult (can't inject mock registry) and prevents parallel test execution due to shared global state.Location(s):
pkg/workflow/agentic_engine.go:303- Singleton getter definitionpkg/workflow/compiler_types.go:145- Usage in NewCompiler()Impact:
Recommendation:
Pass
*EngineRegistryas constructor parameter using dependency injection. Add functional option for backward compatibility during migration.Before:
After:
Validation:
WithEngineRegistryfunctional option tocompiler_types.goNewCompilerto use injected registry or default to globalGetGlobalEngineRegistry()for future migrationEstimated Effort: Small (1-2 days)
Long-term Value: Sets pattern for removing other singletons, improves testability
📈 Success Metrics
This Run
Reasoning for Score
Strengths (why 9/10):
Areas for Improvement (why not 10/10):
📊 Historical Context
Strategy Performance Comparison
Pattern Analysis
Today's strategy successfully adapted the high-performing "interface-segregation-package-boundaries-hybrid" approach, achieving the same 9/10 success score. The adaptation focused on:
Cumulative Statistics
🎯 Recommendations
Immediate Actions
Long-term Improvements
Architectural Patterns
Based on today's findings and historical analysis:
Complete Functional Options Migration
Compilerstruct has 27 fields but uses mixed patterns (options + setters)CompilerOptionpattern already in useSingleton Elimination Strategy
GetGlobalEngineRegistryis one of multiple singletons in codebaseConstants Package Organization
pkg/constants/constants.goBuilder Pattern Application
pkg/workflow/🔄 Next Run Preview
Suggested Focus Areas
Based on patterns from today and historical data:
Testing Infrastructure Quality
Error Handling Patterns
Configuration Management
Strategy Evolution
Recommended Next Strategy: test-infrastructure-error-handling-hybrid
Generated by Sergo - The Serena Go Expert
Workflow Run ID: §21560089409
Strategy: constructor-explosion-magic-numbers-hybrid
Analysis Date: 2026-02-01
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