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INSTALL
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__________________________________________________________________
Installing PHP
__________________________________________________________________
* General Installation Considerations
* Installation on Unix systems
+ Apache 2.x on Unix systems
+ Lighttpd 1.4 on Unix systems
+ Sun, iPlanet and Netscape servers on Sun Solaris
+ CGI and command line setups
+ HP-UX specific installation notes
+ OpenBSD installation notes
+ Solaris specific installation tips
+ Debian GNU/Linux installation notes
* Installation on Mac OS X
+ Using Packages
+ Using the bundled PHP
+ Compiling PHP on Mac OS X
* Installation of PECL extensions
+ Introduction to PECL Installations
+ Downloading PECL extensions
+ Installing a PHP extension on Windows
+ Compiling shared PECL extensions with the pecl command
+ Compiling shared PECL extensions with phpize
+ php-config
+ Compiling PECL extensions statically into PHP
* Problems?
+ Read the FAQ
+ Other problems
+ Bug reports
* Runtime Configuration
+ The configuration file
+ .user.ini files
+ Where a configuration setting may be set
+ How to change configuration settings
* Installation
__________________________________________________________________
__________________________________________________________________
Preface
These installation instructions were generated from the HTML version of
the PHP Manual so formatting and linking have been altered. See the
online and updated version at: http://php.net/install.unix
__________________________________________________________________
General Installation Considerations
Before starting the installation, first you need to know what do you
want to use PHP for. There are three main fields you can use PHP, as
described in the What can PHP do? section:
* Websites and web applications (server-side scripting)
* Command line scripting
* Desktop (GUI) applications
For the first and most common form, you need three things: PHP itself,
a web server and a web browser. You probably already have a web
browser, and depending on your operating system setup, you may also
have a web server (e.g. Apache on Linux and MacOS X; IIS on Windows).
You may also rent webspace at a company. This way, you don't need to
set up anything on your own, only write your PHP scripts, upload it to
the server you rent, and see the results in your browser.
In case of setting up the server and PHP on your own, you have two
choices for the method of connecting PHP to the server. For many
servers PHP has a direct module interface (also called SAPI). These
servers include Apache, Microsoft Internet Information Server, Netscape
and iPlanet servers. Many other servers have support for ISAPI, the
Microsoft module interface (OmniHTTPd for example). If PHP has no
module support for your web server, you can always use it as a CGI or
FastCGI processor. This means you set up your server to use the CGI
executable of PHP to process all PHP file requests on the server.
If you are also interested to use PHP for command line scripting (e.g.
write scripts autogenerating some images for you offline, or processing
text files depending on some arguments you pass to them), you always
need the command line executable. For more information, read the
section about writing command line PHP applications. In this case, you
need no server and no browser.
With PHP you can also write desktop GUI applications using the PHP-GTK
extension. This is a completely different approach than writing web
pages, as you do not output any HTML, but manage windows and objects
within them. For more information about PHP-GTK, please » visit the
site dedicated to this extension. PHP-GTK is not included in the
official PHP distribution.
From now on, this section deals with setting up PHP for web servers on
Unix and Windows with server module interfaces and CGI executables. You
will also find information on the command line executable in the
following sections.
PHP source code and binary distributions for Windows can be found at
» http://www.php.net/downloads.php. We recommend you to choose a
» mirror nearest to you for downloading the distributions.
__________________________________________________________________
__________________________________________________________________
Installation on Unix systems
Table of Contents
* Apache 2.x on Unix systems
* Lighttpd 1.4 on Unix systems
* Sun, iPlanet and Netscape servers on Sun Solaris
* CGI and command line setups
* HP-UX specific installation notes
* OpenBSD installation notes
* Solaris specific installation tips
* Debian GNU/Linux installation notes
This section will guide you through the general configuration and
installation of PHP on Unix systems. Be sure to investigate any
sections specific to your platform or web server before you begin the
process.
As our manual outlines in the General Installation Considerations
section, we are mainly dealing with web centric setups of PHP in this
section, although we will cover setting up PHP for command line usage
as well.
There are several ways to install PHP for the Unix platform, either
with a compile and configure process, or through various pre-packaged
methods. This documentation is mainly focused around the process of
compiling and configuring PHP. Many Unix like systems have some sort of
package installation system. This can assist in setting up a standard
configuration, but if you need to have a different set of features
(such as a secure server, or a different database driver), you may need
to build PHP and/or your web server. If you are unfamiliar with
building and compiling your own software, it is worth checking to see
whether somebody has already built a packaged version of PHP with the
features you need.
Prerequisite knowledge and software for compiling:
* Basic Unix skills (being able to operate "make" and a C compiler)
* An ANSI C compiler
* A web server
* Any module specific components (such as GD, PDF libs, etc.)
When building directly from Git sources or after custom modifications
you might also need:
* autoconf: 2.13+ (for PHP < 5.4.0), 2.59+ (for PHP >= 5.4.0)
* automake: 1.4+
* libtool: 1.4.x+ (except 1.4.2)
* re2c: Version 0.13.4 or newer
* flex: Version 2.5.4 (for PHP <= 5.2)
* bison: Version 1.28 (preferred), 1.35, or 1.75
The initial PHP setup and configuration process is controlled by the
use of the command line options of the configure script. You could get
a list of all available options along with short explanations running
./configure --help. Our manual documents the different options
separately. You will find the core options in the appendix, while the
different extension specific options are described on the reference
pages.
When PHP is configured, you are ready to build the module and/or
executables. The command make should take care of this. If it fails and
you can't figure out why, see the Problems section.
__________________________________________________________________
Apache 2.x on Unix systems
This section contains notes and hints specific to Apache 2.x installs
of PHP on Unix systems.
Warning
We do not recommend using a threaded MPM in production with Apache 2.
Use the prefork MPM, which is the default MPM with Apache 2.0 and 2.2.
For information on why, read the related FAQ entry on using Apache2
with a threaded MPM
The » Apache Documentation is the most authoritative source of
information on the Apache 2.x server. More information about
installation options for Apache may be found there.
The most recent version of Apache HTTP Server may be obtained from
» Apache download site, and a fitting PHP version from the above
mentioned places. This quick guide covers only the basics to get
started with Apache 2.x and PHP. For more information read the » Apache
Documentation. The version numbers have been omitted here, to ensure
the instructions are not incorrect. In the examples below, 'NN' should
be replaced with the specific version of Apache being used.
There are currently two versions of Apache 2.x - there's 2.0 and 2.2.
While there are various reasons for choosing each, 2.2 is the current
latest version, and the one that is recommended, if that option is
available to you. However, the instructions here will work for either
2.0 or 2.2.
1. Obtain the Apache HTTP server from the location listed above, and
unpack it:
gzip -d httpd-2_x_NN.tar.gz
tar -xf httpd-2_x_NN.tar
2. Likewise, obtain and unpack the PHP source:
gunzip php-NN.tar.gz
tar -xf php-NN.tar
3. Build and install Apache. Consult the Apache install documentation
for more details on building Apache.
cd httpd-2_x_NN
./configure --enable-so
make
make install
4. Now you have Apache 2.x.NN available under /usr/local/apache2,
configured with loadable module support and the standard MPM
prefork. To test the installation use your normal procedure for
starting the Apache server, e.g.:
/usr/local/apache2/bin/apachectl start
and stop the server to go on with the configuration for PHP:
/usr/local/apache2/bin/apachectl stop
5. Now, configure and build PHP. This is where you customize PHP with
various options, like which extensions will be enabled. Run
./configure --help for a list of available options. In our example
we'll do a simple configure with Apache 2 and MySQL support.
If you built Apache from source, as described above, the below
example will match your path for apxs, but if you installed Apache
some other way, you'll need to adjust the path to apxs accordingly.
Note that some distros may rename apxs to apxs2.
cd ../php-NN
./configure --with-apxs2=/usr/local/apache2/bin/apxs --with-mysql
make
make install
If you decide to change your configure options after installation,
you'll need to re-run the configure, make, and make install steps.
You only need to restart apache for the new module to take effect.
A recompile of Apache is not needed.
Note that unless told otherwise, 'make install' will also install
PEAR, various PHP tools such as phpize, install the PHP CLI, and
more.
6. Setup your php.ini
cp php.ini-development /usr/local/lib/php.ini
You may edit your .ini file to set PHP options. If you prefer
having php.ini in another location, use
--with-config-file-path=/some/path in step 5.
If you instead choose php.ini-production, be certain to read the
list of changes within, as they affect how PHP behaves.
7. Edit your httpd.conf to load the PHP module. The path on the right
hand side of the LoadModule statement must point to the path of the
PHP module on your system. The make install from above may have
already added this for you, but be sure to check.
LoadModule php7_module modules/libphp7.so
8. Tell Apache to parse certain extensions as PHP. For example, let's
have Apache parse .php files as PHP. Instead of only using the
Apache AddType directive, we want to avoid potentially dangerous
uploads and created files such as exploit.php.jpg from being
executed as PHP. Using this example, you could have any
extension(s) parse as PHP by simply adding them. We'll add .php to
demonstrate.
<FilesMatch \.php$>
SetHandler application/x-httpd-php
</FilesMatch>
Or, if we wanted to allow .php, .php2, .php3, .php4, .php5, .php7,
and .phtml files to be executed as PHP, but nothing else, we'd use
this:
<FilesMatch "\.ph(p[2-7]?|tml)$">
SetHandler application/x-httpd-php
</FilesMatch>
And to allow .phps files to be handled by the php source filter,
and displayed as syntax-highlighted source code, use this:
<FilesMatch "\.phps$">
SetHandler application/x-httpd-php-source
</FilesMatch>
mod_rewrite may be used To allow any arbitrary .php file to be
displayed as syntax-highlighted source code, without having to
rename or copy it to a .phps file:
RewriteEngine On
RewriteRule (.*\.php)s$ $1 [H=application/x-httpd-php-source]
The php source filter should not be enabled on production systems,
where it may expose confidential or otherwise sensitive information
embedded in source code.
9. Use your normal procedure for starting the Apache server, e.g.:
/usr/local/apache2/bin/apachectl start
OR
service httpd restart
Following the steps above you will have a running Apache2 web server
with support for PHP as a SAPI module. Of course there are many more
configuration options available Apache and PHP. For more information
type ./configure --help in the corresponding source tree.
Apache may be built multithreaded by selecting the worker MPM, rather
than the standard prefork MPM, when Apache is built. This is done by
adding the following option to the argument passed to ./configure, in
step 3 above:
--with-mpm=worker
This should not be undertaken without being aware of the consequences
of this decision, and having at least a fair understanding of the
implications. The Apache documentation regarding » MPM-Modules
discusses MPMs in a great deal more detail.
Note:
The Apache MultiViews FAQ discusses using multiviews with PHP.
Note:
To build a multithreaded version of Apache, the target system must
support threads. In this case, PHP should also be built with
experimental Zend Thread Safety (ZTS). Under this configuration, not
all extensions will be available. The recommended setup is to build
Apache with the default prefork MPM-Module.
__________________________________________________________________
__________________________________________________________________
Lighttpd 1.4 on Unix systems
This section contains notes and hints specific to Lighttpd 1.4 installs
of PHP on Unix systems.
Please use the » Lighttpd trac to learn how to install Lighttpd
properly before continuing.
Fastcgi is the preferred SAPI to connect PHP and Lighttpd. Fastcgi is
automagically enabled in php-cgi in PHP 5.3, but for older versions
configure PHP with --enable-fastcgi. To confirm that PHP has fastcgi
enabled, php -v should contain PHP 5.2.5 (cgi-fcgi) Before PHP 5.2.3,
fastcgi was enabled on the php binary (there was no php-cgi).
Letting Lighttpd spawn php processes
To configure Lighttpd to connect to php and spawn fastcgi processes,
edit lighttpd.conf. Sockets are preferred to connect to fastcgi
processes on the local system.
Example #1 Partial lighttpd.conf
server.modules += ( "mod_fastcgi" )
fastcgi.server = ( ".php" =>
((
"socket" => "/tmp/php.socket",
"bin-path" => "/usr/local/bin/php-cgi",
"bin-environment" => (
"PHP_FCGI_CHILDREN" => "16",
"PHP_FCGI_MAX_REQUESTS" => "10000"
),
"min-procs" => 1,
"max-procs" => 1,
"idle-timeout" => 20
))
)
The bin-path directive allows lighttpd to spawn fastcgi processes
dynamically. PHP will spawn children according to the PHP_FCGI_CHILDREN
environment variable. The "bin-environment" directive sets the
environment for the spawned processes. PHP will kill a child process
after the number of requests specified by PHP_FCGI_MAX_REQUESTS is
reached. The directives "min-procs" and "max-procs" should generally be
avoided with PHP. PHP manages its own children and opcode caches like
APC will only share among children managed by PHP. If "min-procs" is
set to something greater than 1, the total number of php responders
will be multiplied PHP_FCGI_CHILDREN (2 min-procs * 16 children gives
32 responders).
Spawning with spawn-fcgi
Lighttpd provides a program called spawn-fcgi to ease the process of
spawning fastcgi processes easier.
Spawning php-cgi
It is possible to spawn processes without spawn-fcgi, though a bit of
heavy-lifting is required. Setting the PHP_FCGI_CHILDREN environment
var controls how many children PHP will spawn to handle incoming
requests. Setting PHP_FCGI_MAX_REQUESTS will determine how long (in
requests) each child will live. Here's a simple bash script to help
spawn php responders.
Example #2 Spawning FastCGI Responders
#!/bin/sh
# Location of the php-cgi binary
PHP=/usr/local/bin/php-cgi
# PID File location
PHP_PID=/tmp/php.pid
# Binding to an address
#FCGI_BIND_ADDRESS=10.0.1.1:10000
# Binding to a domain socket
FCGI_BIND_ADDRESS=/tmp/php.sock
PHP_FCGI_CHILDREN=16
PHP_FCGI_MAX_REQUESTS=10000
env -i PHP_FCGI_CHILDREN=$PHP_FCGI_CHILDREN \
PHP_FCGI_MAX_REQUESTS=$PHP_FCGI_MAX_REQUESTS \
$PHP -b $FCGI_BIND_ADDRESS &
echo $! > "$PHP_PID"
Connecting to remote FCGI instances
Fastcgi instances can be spawned on multiple remote machines in order
to scale applications.
Example #3 Connecting to remote php-fastcgi instances
fastcgi.server = ( ".php" =>
(( "host" => "10.0.0.2", "port" => 1030 ),
( "host" => "10.0.0.3", "port" => 1030 ))
)
__________________________________________________________________
__________________________________________________________________
Sun, iPlanet and Netscape servers on Sun Solaris
This section contains notes and hints specific to Sun Java System Web
Server, Sun ONE Web Server, iPlanet and Netscape server installs of PHP
on Sun Solaris.
From PHP 4.3.3 on you can use PHP scripts with the NSAPI module to
generate custom directory listings and error pages. Additional
functions for Apache compatibility are also available. For support in
current web servers read the note about subrequests.
You can find more information about setting up PHP for the Netscape
Enterprise Server (NES) here:
» http://benoit.noss.free.fr/php/install-php4.html
To build PHP with Sun JSWS/Sun ONE WS/iPlanet/Netscape web servers,
enter the proper install directory for the --with-nsapi=[DIR] option.
The default directory is usually /opt/netscape/suitespot/. Please also
read /php-xxx-version/sapi/nsapi/nsapi-readme.txt.
1. Install the following packages from » http://www.sunfreeware.com/
or another download site:
+ autoconf-2.13
+ automake-1.4
+ bison-1_25-sol26-sparc-local
+ flex-2_5_4a-sol26-sparc-local
+ gcc-2_95_2-sol26-sparc-local
+ gzip-1.2.4-sol26-sparc-local
+ m4-1_4-sol26-sparc-local
+ make-3_76_1-sol26-sparc-local
+ mysql-3.23.24-beta (if you want mysql support)
+ perl-5_005_03-sol26-sparc-local
+ tar-1.13 (GNU tar)
2. Make sure your path includes the proper directories
PATH=.:/usr/local/bin:/usr/sbin:/usr/bin:/usr/ccs/bin and make it
available to your system export PATH.
3. gunzip php-x.x.x.tar.gz (if you have a .gz dist, otherwise go to
4).
4. tar xvf php-x.x.x.tar
5. Change to your extracted PHP directory: cd ../php-x.x.x
6. For the following step, make sure /opt/netscape/suitespot/ is where
your netscape server is installed. Otherwise, change to the correct
path and run:
./configure --with-mysql=/usr/local/mysql \
--with-nsapi=/opt/netscape/suitespot/ \
--enable-libgcc
7. Run make followed by make install.
After performing the base install and reading the appropriate readme
file, you may need to perform some additional configuration steps.
Configuration Instructions for Sun/iPlanet/Netscape
Firstly you may need to add some paths to the LD_LIBRARY_PATH
environment for the server to find all the shared libs. This can best
done in the start script for your web server. The start script is often
located in: /path/to/server/https-servername/start. You may also need
to edit the configuration files that are located in:
/path/to/server/https-servername/config/.
1. Add the following line to mime.types (you can do that by the
administration server):
type=magnus-internal/x-httpd-php exts=php
2. Edit magnus.conf (for servers >= 6) or obj.conf (for servers < 6)
and add the following, shlib will vary depending on your system, it
will be something like /opt/netscape/suitespot/bin/libphp4.so. You
should place the following lines after mime types init.
Init fn="load-modules" funcs="php4_init,php4_execute,php4_auth_trans" shlib="/op
t/netscape/suitespot/bin/libphp4.so"
Init fn="php4_init" LateInit="yes" errorString="Failed to initialize PHP!" [php_
ini="/path/to/php.ini"]
(PHP >= 4.3.3) The php_ini parameter is optional but with it you
can place your php.ini in your web server config directory.
3. Configure the default object in obj.conf (for virtual server
classes [version 6.0+] in their vserver.obj.conf):
<Object name="default">
.
.
.
.#NOTE this next line should happen after all 'ObjectType' and before all 'AddLo
g' lines
Service fn="php4_execute" type="magnus-internal/x-httpd-php" [inikey=value inike
y=value ...]
.
.
</Object>
(PHP >= 4.3.3) As additional parameters you can add some special
php.ini-values, for example you can set a
docroot="/path/to/docroot" specific to the context php4_execute is
called. For boolean ini-keys please use 0/1 as value, not
"On","Off",... (this will not work correctly), e.g.
zlib.output_compression=1 instead of zlib.output_compression="On"
4. This is only needed if you want to configure a directory that only
consists of PHP scripts (same like a cgi-bin directory):
<Object name="x-httpd-php">
ObjectType fn="force-type" type="magnus-internal/x-httpd-php"
Service fn=php4_execute [inikey=value inikey=value ...]
</Object>
After that you can configure a directory in the Administration
server and assign it the style x-httpd-php. All files in it will
get executed as PHP. This is nice to hide PHP usage by renaming
files to .html.
5. Setup of authentication: PHP authentication cannot be used with any
other authentication. ALL AUTHENTICATION IS PASSED TO YOUR PHP
SCRIPT. To configure PHP Authentication for the entire server, add
the following line to your default object:
<Object name="default">
AuthTrans fn=php4_auth_trans
.
.
.
</Object>
6. To use PHP Authentication on a single directory, add the following:
<Object ppath="d:\path\to\authenticated\dir\*">
AuthTrans fn=php4_auth_trans
</Object>
Note:
The stacksize that PHP uses depends on the configuration of the web
server. If you get crashes with very large PHP scripts, it is
recommended to raise it with the Admin Server (in the section
"MAGNUS EDITOR").
CGI environment and recommended modifications in php.ini
Important when writing PHP scripts is the fact that Sun JSWS/Sun ONE
WS/iPlanet/Netscape is a multithreaded web server. Because of that all
requests are running in the same process space (the space of the web
server itself) and this space has only one environment. If you want to
get CGI variables like PATH_INFO, HTTP_HOST etc. it is not the correct
way to try this in the old PHP way with getenv() or a similar way
(register globals to environment, $_ENV). You would only get the
environment of the running web server without any valid CGI variables!
Note:
Why are there (invalid) CGI variables in the environment?
Answer: This is because you started the web server process from the
admin server which runs the startup script of the web server, you
wanted to start, as a CGI script (a CGI script inside of the admin
server!). This is why the environment of the started web server has
some CGI environment variables in it. You can test this by starting
the web server not from the administration server. Use the command
line as root user and start it manually - you will see there are no
CGI-like environment variables.
Simply change your scripts to get CGI variables in the correct way for
PHP 4.x by using the superglobal $_SERVER. If you have older scripts
which use $HTTP_HOST, etc., you should turn on register_globals in
php.ini and change the variable order too (important: remove "E" from
it, because you do not need the environment here):
variables_order = "GPCS"
register_globals = On
Special use for error pages or self-made directory listings (PHP >= 4.3.3)
You can use PHP to generate the error pages for "404 Not Found" or
similar. Add the following line to the object in obj.conf for every
error page you want to overwrite:
Error fn="php4_execute" code=XXX script="/path/to/script.php" [inikey=value inik
ey=value...]
where XXX is the HTTP error code. Please delete any other Error
directives which could interfere with yours. If you want to place a
page for all errors that could exist, leave the code parameter out.
Your script can get the HTTP status code with $_SERVER['ERROR_TYPE'].
Another possibility is to generate self-made directory listings. Just
create a PHP script which displays a directory listing and replace the
corresponding default Service line for type="magnus-internal/directory"
in obj.conf with the following:
Service fn="php4_execute" type="magnus-internal/directory" script="/path/to/scri
pt.php" [inikey=value inikey=value...]
For both error and directory listing pages the original URI and
translated URI are in the variables $_SERVER['PATH_INFO'] and
$_SERVER['PATH_TRANSLATED'].
Note about nsapi_virtual() and subrequests (PHP >= 4.3.3)
The NSAPI module now supports the nsapi_virtual() function (alias:
virtual()) to make subrequests on the web server and insert the result
in the web page. This function uses some undocumented features from the
NSAPI library. On Unix the module automatically looks for the needed
functions and uses them if available. If not, nsapi_virtual() is
disabled.
Note:
But be warned: Support for nsapi_virtual() is EXPERIMENTAL!!!
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CGI and command line setups
By default, PHP is built as both a CLI and CGI program, which can be
used for CGI processing. If you are running a web server that PHP has
module support for, you should generally go for that solution for
performance reasons. However, the CGI version enables users to run
different PHP-enabled pages under different user-ids.
Warning
A server deployed in CGI mode is open to several possible
vulnerabilities. Please read our CGI security section to learn how to
defend yourself from such attacks.
Testing
If you have built PHP as a CGI program, you may test your build by
typing make test. It is always a good idea to test your build. This way
you may catch a problem with PHP on your platform early instead of
having to struggle with it later.
Using Variables
Some server supplied environment variables are not defined in the
current » CGI/1.1 specification. Only the following variables are
defined there: AUTH_TYPE, CONTENT_LENGTH, CONTENT_TYPE,
GATEWAY_INTERFACE, PATH_INFO, PATH_TRANSLATED, QUERY_STRING,
REMOTE_ADDR, REMOTE_HOST, REMOTE_IDENT, REMOTE_USER, REQUEST_METHOD,
SCRIPT_NAME, SERVER_NAME, SERVER_PORT, SERVER_PROTOCOL, and
SERVER_SOFTWARE. Everything else should be treated as 'vendor
extensions'.
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HP-UX specific installation notes
This section contains notes and hints specific to installing PHP on
HP-UX systems.
There are two main options for installing PHP on HP-UX systems. Either
compile it, or install a pre-compiled binary.
Official pre-compiled packages are located here:
» http://software.hp.com/
Until this manual section is rewritten, the documentation about
compiling PHP (and related extensions) on HP-UX systems has been
removed. For now, consider reading the following external resource:
» Building Apache and PHP on HP-UX 11.11
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OpenBSD installation notes
This section contains notes and hints specific to installing PHP on
» OpenBSD 3.6.
Using Binary Packages
Using binary packages to install PHP on OpenBSD is the recommended and
simplest method. The core package has been separated from the various
modules, and each can be installed and removed independently from the
others. The files you need can be found on your OpenBSD CD or on the
FTP site.
The main package you need to install is php4-core-4.3.8.tgz, which
contains the basic engine (plus gettext and iconv). Next, take a look
at the module packages, such as php4-mysql-4.3.8.tgz or
php4-imap-4.3.8.tgz. You need to use the phpxs command to activate and
deactivate these modules in your php.ini.
Example #1 OpenBSD Package Install Example
# pkg_add php4-core-4.3.8.tgz
# /usr/local/sbin/phpxs -s
# cp /usr/local/share/doc/php4/php.ini-recommended /var/www/conf/php.ini
(add in mysql)
# pkg_add php4-mysql-4.3.8.tgz
# /usr/local/sbin/phpxs -a mysql
(add in imap)
# pkg_add php4-imap-4.3.8.tgz
# /usr/local/sbin/phpxs -a imap
(remove mysql as a test)
# pkg_delete php4-mysql-4.3.8
# /usr/local/sbin/phpxs -r mysql
(install the PEAR libraries)
# pkg_add php4-pear-4.3.8.tgz
Read the » packages(7) manual page for more information about binary
packages on OpenBSD.
Using Ports
You can also compile up PHP from source using the » ports tree.
However, this is only recommended for users familiar with OpenBSD. The
PHP 4 port is split into two sub-directories: core and extensions. The
extensions directory generates sub-packages for all of the supported
PHP modules. If you find you do not want to create some of these
modules, use the no_* FLAVOR. For example, to skip building the imap
module, set the FLAVOR to no_imap.
Common Problems
* The default install of Apache runs inside a » chroot(2) jail, which
will restrict PHP scripts to accessing files under /var/www. You
will therefore need to create a /var/www/tmp directory for PHP
session files to be stored, or use an alternative session backend.
In addition, database sockets need to be placed inside the jail or
listen on the localhost interface. If you use network functions,
some files from /etc such as /etc/resolv.conf and /etc/services
will need to be moved into /var/www/etc. The OpenBSD PEAR package
automatically installs into the correct chroot directories, so no
special modification is needed there. More information on the
OpenBSD Apache is available in the » OpenBSD FAQ.
* The OpenBSD 3.6 package for the » gd extension requires XFree86 to
be installed. If you do not wish to use some of the font features
that require X11, install the php4-gd-4.3.8-no_x11.tgz package
instead.
Older Releases
Older releases of OpenBSD used the FLAVORS system to compile up a
statically linked PHP. Since it is hard to generate binary packages
using this method, it is now deprecated. You can still use the old
stable ports trees if you wish, but they are unsupported by the OpenBSD
team. If you have any comments about this, the current maintainer for
the port is Anil Madhavapeddy (avsm at openbsd dot org).
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Solaris specific installation tips
This section contains notes and hints specific to installing PHP on
Solaris systems.
Required software
Solaris installs often lack C compilers and their related tools. Read
this FAQ for information on why using GNU versions for some of these
tools is necessary.
For unpacking the PHP distribution you need
* tar
* gzip or
* bzip2
For compiling PHP you need
* gcc (recommended, other C compilers may work)
* make
* GNU sed
For building extra extensions or hacking the code of PHP you might also
need
* flex (up to PHP 5.2)
* re2c
* bison
* m4
* autoconf
* automake
In addition, you will need to install (and possibly compile) any
additional software specific to your configuration, such as Oracle or
MySQL.
Using Packages
You can simplify the Solaris install process by using pkgadd to install
most of your needed components. The Image Packaging System (IPS) for
Solaris 11 Express also contains most of the required components for
installation using the pkg command.
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Debian GNU/Linux installation notes
This section contains notes and hints specific to installing PHP on
» Debian GNU/Linux.
Warning
Unofficial builds from third-parties are not supported here. Any bugs
should be reported to the Debian team unless they can be reproduced
using the latest builds from our » download area.
While the instructions for building PHP on Unix apply to Debian as
well, this manual page contains specific information for other options,
such as using either the apt-get or aptitude commands. This manual page
uses these two commands interchangeably.
Using APT
First, note that other related packages may be desired like
libapache2-mod-php7 to integrate with Apache 2, and php-pear for PEAR.
Second, before installing a package, it's wise to ensure the package
list is up to date. Typically, this is done by running the command
apt-get update.
Example #1 Debian Install Example with Apache 2
# apt-get install php7-common libapache2-mod-php7 php7-cli
APT will automatically install the PHP 7 module for Apache 2 and all of
its dependencies, and then activate it. Apache should be restarted in
order for the changes take place. For example:
Example #2 Stopping and starting Apache once PHP is installed
# /etc/init.d/apache2 stop
# /etc/init.d/apache2 start
Better control of configuration
In the last section, PHP was installed with only core modules. It's
very likely that additional modules will be desired, such as MySQL,
cURL, GD, etc. These may also be installed via the apt-get command.
Example #3 Methods for listing additional PHP 7 packages
# apt-cache search php7
# aptitude search php7
# aptitude search php7 |grep -i mysql
The examples will show a lot of packages including several PHP specific
ones like php7-cgi, php7-cli and php7-dev. Determine which are needed
and install them like any other with either apt-get or aptitude. And
because Debian performs dependency checks, it'll prompt for those so
for example to install MySQL and cURL:
Example #4 Install PHP with MySQL, cURL
# apt-get install php7-mysql php7-curl
APT will automatically add the appropriate lines to the different
php.ini related files like /etc/php7/apache2/php.ini,
/etc/php7/conf.d/pdo.ini, etc. and depending on the extension will add
entries similar to extension=foo.so. However, restarting the web server
(like Apache) is required before these changes take affect.
Common Problems
* If the PHP scripts are not parsing via the web server, then it's
likely that PHP was not added to the web server's configuration
file, which on Debian may be /etc/apache2/apache2.conf or similar.
See the Debian manual for further details.
* If an extension was seemingly installed yet the functions are
undefined, be sure that the appropriate ini file is being loaded
and/or the web server was restarted after installation.
* There are two basic commands for installing packages on Debian (and
other linux variants): apt-get and aptitude. However, explaining
the subtle differences between these commands goes beyond the scope
of this manual.
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Installation on Mac OS X
Table of Contents
* Using Packages
* Using the bundled PHP
* Compiling PHP on Mac OS X
This section contains notes and hints specific to installing PHP on Mac
OS X. PHP is bundled with Macs, and compiling is similar to the Unix
installation guide.
__________________________________________________________________
Using Packages
There are a few pre-packaged and pre-compiled versions of PHP for Mac
OS X. This can help in setting up a standard configuration, but if you
need to have a different set of features (such as a secure server, or a
different database driver), you may need to build PHP and/or your web
server yourself. If you are unfamiliar with building and compiling your
own software, it's worth checking whether somebody has already built a
packaged version of PHP with the features you need.
The following resources offer easy to install packages and precompiled
binaries for PHP on Mac OS:
* MacPorts: » http://www.macports.org/
* Entropy: » http://www.entropy.ch/software/macosx/php/
* Fink: » http://www.finkproject.org/
* Homebrew: » http://github.com/mxcl/homebrew
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Using the bundled PHP
PHP has come standard with Macs since OS X version 10.0.0. Enabling PHP
with the default web server requires uncommenting a few lines in the
Apache configuration file httpd.conf whereas the CGI and/or CLI are
enabled by default (easily accessible via the Terminal program).
Enabling PHP using the instructions below is meant for quickly setting
up a local development environment. It's highly recommended to always
upgrade PHP to the newest version. Like most live software, newer
versions are created to fix bugs and add features and PHP being is no
different. See the appropriate MAC OS X installation documentation for
further details. The following instructions are geared towards a
beginner with details provided for getting a default setup to work. All
users are encouraged to compile, or install a new packaged version.
The standard installation type is using mod_php, and enabling the
bundled mod_php on Mac OS X for the Apache web server (the default web
server, that is accessible via System Preferences) involves the
following steps:
1. Locate and open the Apache configuration file. By default, the
location is as follows: /private/etc/apache2/httpd.conf Using
Finder or Spotlight to find this file may prove difficult as by
default it's private and owned by the root user.
Note: One way to open this is by using a Unix based text editor in
the Terminal, for example nano, and because the file is owned by
root we'll use the sudo command to open it (as root) so for example
type the following into the Terminal Application (after, it will
prompt for a password): sudo nano /private/etc/apache2/httpd.conf
Noteworthy nano commands: ^w (search), ^o (save), and ^x (exit)
where ^ represents the Ctrl key.
Note: Versions of Mac OS X prior to 10.5 were bundled with older
versions of PHP and Apache. As such, the Apache configuration file
on legacy machines may be /etc/httpd/httpd.conf.
2. With a text editor, uncomment the lines (by removing the #) that
look similar to the following (these two lines are often not
together, locate them both in the file):
# LoadModule php7_module libexec/httpd/libphp7.so
# AddModule mod_php7.c
Notice the location/path. When building PHP in the future, the
above files should be replaced or commented out.
3. Be sure the desired extensions will parse as PHP (examples: .php
.html and .inc)
Due to the following statement already existing in httpd.conf (as
of Mac Panther), once PHP is enabled the .php files will
automatically parse as PHP.
<IfModule mod_php7.c>
# If php is turned on, we respect .php and .phps files.
AddType application/x-httpd-php .php
AddType application/x-httpd-php-source .phps
# Since most users will want index.php to work we
# also automatically enable index.php
<IfModule mod_dir.c>
DirectoryIndex index.html index.php
</IfModule>
</IfModule>
Note:
Before OS X 10.5 (Leopard), PHP 4 was bundled instead of PHP 5 in
which case the above instructions will differ slightly by changing
5's to 4's.
4. Be sure the DirectoryIndex loads the desired default index file
This is also set in httpd.conf. Typically index.php and index.html
are used. By default index.php is enabled because it's also in the
PHP check shown above. Adjust accordingly.
5. Set the php.ini location or use the default A typical default
location on Mac OS X is /usr/local/php/php.ini and a call to
phpinfo() will reveal this information. If a php.ini is not used,
PHP will use all default values. See also the related FAQ on
finding php.ini.
6. Locate or set the DocumentRoot This is the root directory for all
the web files. Files in this directory are served from the web
server so the PHP files will parse as PHP before outputting them to
the browser. A typical default path is /Library/WebServer/Documents
but this can be set to anything in httpd.conf. Alternatively, the
default DocumentRoot for individual users is
/Users/yourusername/Sites
7. Create a phpinfo() file
The phpinfo() function will display information about PHP. Consider
creating a file in the DocumentRoot with the following PHP code:
<?php phpinfo(); ?>
8. Restart Apache, and load the PHP file created above To restart,
either execute sudo apachectl graceful in the shell or stop/start
the "Personal Web Server" option in the OS X System Preferences. By
default, loading local files in the browser will have an URL like
so: http://localhost/info.php Or using the DocumentRoot in the user
directory is another option and would end up looking like:
http://localhost/~yourusername/info.php
The CLI (or CGI in older versions) is appropriately named php and
likely exists as /usr/bin/php. Open up the terminal, read the command
line section of the PHP manual, and execute php -v to check the PHP
version of this PHP binary. A call to phpinfo() will also reveal this
information.
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Compiling PHP on Mac OS X